外研版选修8Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe同步练习题

Module 5 Section Ⅳ　Grammar & Writing

课时作业

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming. People can not prepare for it.

2．(2019·山东临沂重点中学联考)Twenty­five years later the traveler returned to the same place. What he saw amazed him. He could not believe his own eyes.

3．When you look at what great effects the climate has on our life, you will agree that it is the most serious problem.

4．What parents say and do usually has a life­long effect on their children.

5．It never occurred to me that she could complete the task in such a short time.

6. What I want to know is whom you want to go to see the film with.

7．We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting.

8. Experts aren't still sure exactly how dreams work, but what is certain is that they are necessary for our mental health and that everyone has dreams.

9．The 5G phone must be of great use to whoever wants to get the information through the Internet quickly.

10. So the next morning they took off in Sam's boat and the officer got ready to see how it was done.

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

Satellites are an important part of our ordinary lives. For example, the information for weather forecasts is sent by satellite. Some satellites have cameras which take photographs of the Earth to show how clouds are moving. Satellites are also used to connect our international phone calls.

Computer connections of the World Wide Web and Internet also use satellites. Many of our TV programs come to us through satellites. Airplane pilots also sometimes use a satellite to help them find their exact location.

We use satellites to send television pictures from one part of the world to another. They are usually 35, 880 kilometers above the equator. Sometimes we can see a satellite in the sky and it seems to stay in the same place. This is because it is moving around the world at 11, 000 kilometers an hour—exactly the same speed that the earth rotates. A satellite must orbit the Earth with its antennae (天线) facing the earth. Sometimes, it moves away from its orbit, so there are little rockets on it which are used to put the satellite back in the right position. This usually happens about every five or six days.

Space is not empty! Every week, more and more satellites are sent into space to orbit the Earth. A satellite usually works for about 10～12 years. Satellites which are broken are sometimes repaired by astronauts or sometimes brought back to Earth to be repaired. Often, very old or broken satellites are left in space to orbit the Earth for a very long time. This is very serious because some satellites use nuclear power and they can crash into each other.

【解题导语】　卫星不仅在科学探索方面对人类有帮助，而且在我们的生活中也起着非常重要的作用。

1．Which of the following is NOT done by satellites according to the passage?

A．Sending information for weather forecast.

B．Taking photographs of the Earth.

C．Sending TV pictures.

D．Providing food for airplane pilots.

解析：选D　细节理解题。根据前三段的内容可知，D项不是卫星做的事情。

2．How fast does the earth rotate?

A．35, 880 kilometers per hour.

B．335, 880 kilometers per hour.

C．11, 000 kilometers per hour.

D．110, 000 kilometers per hour.

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段的第四句话可知。

3．What is the function of little rockets on a satellite?

A．To send a satellite.

B．To make a satellite in place.

C．To send more pictures.

D．To connect our international phone calls.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段的“so there are little rockets on it which are used to put the satellite back in the right position”可知卫星内安装的小火箭把卫星拉回到正确的位置，故选B。

4．Which of the following is TRUE of satellites?

A．A satellite can be used to send television pictures internationally.

B．Every time a satellite gets broken, it is brought back to the Earth to be repaired.

C．A broken satellite is never left in space.

D．They often crash into each other.

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段的“We use satellites to send television pictures from one part of the world to another.”可知A项正确。

B

Everyone who participates in holiday activities has traditions, which involve a holiday meal, helping the needy, the practicing of faith, the lighting of candles, and much more. As is well known, holiday traditions play an important role in the lives of children. Here are some of the primary benefits of holiday traditions for children.

Firstly, holiday traditions create stability. Although children often seek out novelties—such as the newest video game or movie—they also desire stability in their lives. This is especially the case for teens, who are experiencing rapid and often confusing changes in their social, emotional and physical world. Holiday traditions serve as touchstones that the family returns to year after year, no matter what happens. This helps developing children feel secure, in spite of all the shifting that is occurring within and around them.

Secondly, holiday traditions help children feel useful. From about 5 to 11 years of age, children struggle to believe that they can be useful and successful at a variety of activities. Holiday traditions typically involve clear roles and responsibilities for each family member, from the youngest to the oldest. For instance, a kid may be tasked with picking out the candy that will be given out on Halloween or helping to make cookies for Christmas. In successfully completing their holiday­related tasks children get to naturally work on their sense of industry, and therefore develop their personalities.

Finally, holiday traditions convey important cultural values. For one, the values of the larger group are passed along. For example, the celebration of Thanksgiving centers around American values. At the same time, holiday traditions pass clear messages about what the particular family values. For instance, if the family tradition helps out at a soup kitchen every Thanksgiving, the importance of community involvement is strongly communicated.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。作者从三个方面论证了节日传统对孩子的益处：节日传统可以创造稳定，帮助孩子培养性格以及传达重要的文化价值观。

5．What would be the best title for this passage?

A．Why Children Need Holiday Traditions

B．How Holiday Traditions Benefit Parents

C．Holiday Traditions Create Stability

D．What Holiday Traditions Involve

解析：选A　标题归纳题。根据全文内容特别是第一段最后一句可知，本文主要论述节日传统带给孩子们的益处，也就是孩子们需要节日传统的原因，故选A项。

6．What do holiday traditions include?

a．a holiday meal

b．helping the needy

c．going to school

d．the lighting of candles

e．the practicing of faith

A．a, b, c, d　　　　　　 B．b, c, d, e

C．a, c, d, e   D．a, b, d, e

解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，节日传统包括节日宴会、帮助贫民、信仰履行、点燃蜡烛等，故选D项。

7．Which of the following best describes the author's attitude to holiday traditions?

A．Curious.   B．Approving.

C．Negative.   D．Doubtful.

解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文中“play an important role”“create stability”“help children feel useful”“convey important cultural values”等短语及文章内容可推知作者对节日传统持支持态度，故选B项。

8．To develop our kids' personalities, we should         .

A．not let them do hard work

B．let them eat at a soup kitchen

C．give them holiday­related tasks

D．create as much stability as possible

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，给孩子分配一些与节日有关的任务有助于他们培养勤奋感与发展他们的性格，故选C项。

Ⅲ.语法填空

Baidu is not a doctor

When people 1.        (face) with a health or nutrition question, it's 2.         
(increasing) common to go online and diagnose (诊断) themselves. But the Internet is full of conflicting health warnings with no regulation to get rid of the wrong advice, some of which 3.         (be) extremely dangerous!

Also, search engines rank results by popularity rather than 4.         
(accurate)，so solid facts can be tricky to find. It's worth 5.         (check) if the writer of an online piece is properly qualified as an expert. Anyone can call 6.       
(they) a “diet expert”，“nutritionist” and even a “doctor” — given it could refer to qualifications like a PhD. But remember, only officially 7.         (recognise) practicing doctors as well as dietitians have degrees in giving medical 8.         
(suggest). So if you're unsure and still wondering 9.         the chocolate diet really does work or not, then it pays to make 10.        appointment with your dietitian or doctor. The truth is out there, and you just need to look in the right place!

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。当很多人有健康或营养方面的问题时，他们会直接去百度搜索，自我诊断。这其实是不科学的，因为搜索引擎的结果是按照受欢迎的程度而不是按照准确性来排序的。因此百度不是医生，遇到问题，最好和医生预约，去该去的地方。

1．解析：考查固定搭配。be faced with ...是固定搭配，意为“面对……”。people为集合名词，谓语动词应用复数形式；又因全文时态为一般现在时。故填are faced。

答案：are faced

2．解析：考查副词。此处用increasing的副词形式修饰形容词“common”。故填increasingly。

答案：increasingly

3．解析：考查时态及主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，本句的主语是“some of which”，which指代前面的不可数名词“advice”，故空格处应用be动词的单数形式。此处应用一般现在时。故填is。

答案：is

4．解析：考查名词。句意：同时，搜索引擎的排位结果是按受欢迎程度而不是按准确性……空处和前面的名词“popularity”并列，故应用名词形式。故填accuracy。

答案：accuracy

5．解析：考查非谓语动词。be worth doing sth.是固定结构，意为“值得做某事”。故填checking。

答案：checking

6．解析：考查代词。句意：任何人都可自称为饮食专家，营养学家……call oneself ...意为“自称……”。故填themselves。

答案：themselves

7．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处表示官方认可的，逻辑主语“doctors”和动词recognise之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词形式。故填recognised。

答案：recognised

8．解析：考查名词。空处作非谓语动词“giving”的宾语，应用名词形式，指只有被官方认可的医生才有资格给出医学建议，因此用复数形式。故填suggestions。

答案：suggestions

9．解析：考查连接词。句意：如果你不确定，仍然想知道巧克力饮食是否会起作用……宾语从句成分完整，在“wondering”后面表示不确定，拿不准，应用whether，意为“是否”。该句中有or not所以不用if。故填whether。

答案：whether

10．解析：考查冠词。此处表示和医生预约，是泛指概念。appointment是可数名词，且其读音以元音音素开头。故填an。

答案：an

Ⅳ.书面表达

为了让青少年更了解诗歌，你校举办了一场诗歌大赛。假设你是学校报社的通讯员，为这个活动用英语写一篇新闻报道。词数100左右。

One possible version：

In order to help teenagers learn more about and appreciate poetry, a poetry contest was held in No.1 High School, March 10th.This contest caught the attention of many students. Over 200 senior students from different high schools all over the city gathered together, reciting their works and exchanging thoughts. This contest made a great impression on the students and had an influence on them. Many competitors said that they were getting close to poems through this competition. It was also said that poetry could help them release pressure and grow up happily. They hoped that more such activities would be held in the future. The headmaster encouraged us to think like a poet, that is, be sensitive and sincere towards the world. In a word, this contest was a great success, which not only broadened the students' horizons but also helped them live happily.