中考语法复合句专题-状语从句上课件PPT
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这是一份中考语法复合句专题-状语从句上课件PPT,共24页。PPT课件主要包含了本节课程的意义及作用等内容,欢迎下载使用。
本节是中考必考点,会以完形填空,完成句子,补全对话的形式出现。
本节课程在本学科中的地位
1.时间状语从句2. 条件状语从句3. 比较状语从句4. 结果状语从句5. 原因状语从句6. 目的状语从句7. 让步状语从句8.方式状语从句9. 地点状语从句
状语从句概念状语从句是副词性从句,其句法功能是修饰谓语或整个句子等,在句中作状语,通常由从属连词引导。 状语从句不仅是初中英语学习的重点,而且也是每年中考必考的内容之一。命题主要集中在引导状语从句的连词、状语从句的时态等方面;从九大状语从句来看,应将复习重点放在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、结果状语从句和比较状语从句这四种上
考点链接1.时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连词有:while, when, as, as sn as, till, until, nt…until, befre, after, since, etc.1)when,while,as①三者均可表示“当……的时候”,如果主句表示的是短暂的动作,而从句表示的是一段时间,三者可通用。如: I met Kang Li as/ when/ while I was walking alng the street.
考点链接 ②as 和when都可与终止性动词连用, while只能与延续性动词连用。如: It was snwing when we gt t the airprt. (不能用 while) ③as强调主句与从句表示的动作同时发生;while强调主句表示的动作持续于while所指的整个时间内;when可指主、从句所述动作同时或先后发生。如: He sang as he went alng.Please write while I read.When he reached hme, he had a little rest
考点链接2) befre, after befre表示主句发生的动作发生在从句动作之前,意为 “在……之 前”。 after表示主句发生的动作发生在从句动作之后,意为 “在…… 之后”。如:They had already had breakfast befre they went t schl They talked abut the party after the peple left.3) until, tilluntil和till在肯定句中表示“直到……为止”,主句要用延续性动词;在否定句中,表示“直到……才”,主句常用终止性动词,这时till和until可用befre替换。如: I waited till/ until he arrived. I will wait until he cmes.We wn't start until/ till/ befre Bb cmes.
考点链接4) as sn as 表示主句发生的动作发生在从句动作之后, 意为“一…就…”。如果主句是一般将来时,情态动词加动词原形或祈使句时,时间状语从句用一般现在时。如:My brther went ut as sn as I gt hme. I'll phne yu as sn as I arrive in Tnghua.5)since: 表示 “自从…以来”,从句中常用过去时,主句用一般现在时或现在完成时.(对since 引导的时间状语提问要用hw lng).如: Where have yu been since I saw yu last?
考点链接时间状语从句中较难掌握的几点:① until (till) 直到,在用 until 表达时间状语的句子中,主句中的动词是要十分小心去选择。如动词是持续性动词,它要用肯定句,如: I studied hard until 12 'clck last night. 如果动词是瞬间截止性动词,则要用否定句,如: He didn't g t bed until his mther came back② 由since, fr, by, befre 来引导的时间状语从句。 since 引导的时间状语是动作的开始时间,如: I have studied English since 1990. 而由 by 引导的时间状语通常是动作的结束时间,如: I had learned 25 English sngs by the end f last term.而befre 则多用于完成时, ag 则多用于一般过去时,如: He had finished his wrk befre twelve yesterday I left my hmetwn tw years ag
考点链接 ③ 在状语从句中用一般现在时或一般过去时表示将来。它们可能是主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,如: If it rains, they wn’t g t the park n Sunday 也可以主句是过去将来时,从句用一般过去时,如: He said if it rained the next day he wuld nt g t the park 考试中常见的考点有:要学生区别是条件、时间状语从句还是宾语从句,因在宾语从句中该用什么时态用什么时态,如: I want t knw if he will cme here tmrrw
考点链接注意: 在时间状语从句中,主句和从句之间的时态应按下列规律确定。1)主句一般将来时,从句用一般现在时(特别是用 as sn as 引导从句时):The by will be a writer when he grws up. I’ll ring yu up as sn as I get t New Yrk.2) 主句含有情态动词,从句用一般现在时:When the lights are red, the traffic must stp.3) 主句为祈使句时,从句用一般现在时:Please dn’t g t bed befre yu finish yur hmewrk.
考点链接4) 主句为一般过去时,从句也用过去时态:I liked reading when I was yung.5)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如:The yung man read till the light went ut. Let’s wait until the rain stps.We wn’t start until Bb cmes. Dn’t get ff until the bus stps.
难点链接2. 条件状语从句1)引导条件状语从句的连词有if(如果)、unless(除非)等,条件状语从句也像时间状语从句一样,如果主句用将来时,从句要用现在时代替将来时。如:What shall we d if it snws tmrrw?Dn’t leave the building unless I tell yu t.2) unless在意义上相当于if...nt。Yu will fail unless yu study hard.=Yu will fail if yu dn't study hard.
考点链接3) “祈使句 + and (r)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。其中,and表示句意顺承;r表示转折,意为“否则”。例如:Hurry up, r yu’ll be late.=If yu dn’t hurry up, yu’ll be late.Study hard and yu will pass the exam.=If yu study hard, yu will pass the exam. 4)用介词with, withut可以把条件状语从句改写成简单句:If there is n water, the fish may die. = Fish may die withut water.If yu help me, I’ll finish my task n time. = With yur help, I’ll finish my task n time.
难点链接 3. 比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由as…as, 比较级 + than…等连词引导,比较连词前后的结构要一致。例如:Tm runs faster than Jhn des.This classrm is as big as that ne. 1)表示甲与乙在某一方面相同时,用“as+原级+as”句型;表示甲在某一方面不如乙时,用“nt as /s +原级+as”句型。如: Dalian is as beautiful as Shenzhen.I dn't run as/ s fast as Kang Li.
难点链接2)表示甲超过或不及乙时,用“比较级+从句”(从句中常省略意义与主句相同的部分)。 He runs faster than yu(d).Tday is less cld than yesterday.3)要注意的是表示"越来越"这一概念时有两个句型:① 比较级+and+比较级,如: The days are getting lnger and lnger The little girl is becming mre and mre beautiful ② 定冠词 the + 比较级+ the + 比较级,如: The harder yu study, the mre yu can learn
考点链接4. 结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由s…that, such…that, s that引导。常用句型有: s+形容词/副词+that从句 such a/ an +形容词+单数可数名词+ that从句 such+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that从句 s+形容词+a/ an+单数可数名词+that从句 例如:He spke s fast that I culdn't fllw him.He tld us such funny stries that we all laughed. He is s pr that he can’t buy a bike fr his sn.
考点链接She is such a gd teacher that everybdy likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, s that I culdn’t see it. (2)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时,只能用s, 不用such。例如:Sn there were s many deer that they ate up all the wild rses.He has s little time that he can’t g t the cinema with yu.
考点链接(3)s…that和在由引导的结果状语从句中,s是副词,与形容词连用。其结构是: “ + 形容词(副词)+ that + 从句”。例如:He was s glad that he culdn’t say a wrd.The hall is s big that it can hld 2,000 peple.Mther lives s far away that we hardly ever see her.在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中,such是形容词,它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词,也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词,也可不带。如果是单数可数名词,前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如:
考点链接It was such a ht day that nbdy wanted t d anything.He had such lng arms that he culd almst tuch the ceiling.He made such rapid prgress that he did very well in the mid-term.有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如:It was such a wnderful film that all f us wanted t see it again.=The film was s wnderful that all f us wanted t see it again.It is such an imprtant match that nbdy wants t miss it.=The match is s imprtant that nbdy wants t miss it.
注意:1,状语从句在考试中的重要性2,要准确判断属于哪种状语从句
根据A句完成B句,使两句意思一致,每空只填一词:
1. A: Jane is a singer. She is als a dancer.
B: Jane is ______ ______ a singer ______ ______ a dancer.
2. A: We shuld learn frm bks and we shuld learn frm teachers.
B: We shuld learn ______ frm bks ______ frm teachers.
3. A: His mther can’t help him with his lessns, and his father can’t, either.
B: ______ his mther ______ his father can help him with his lessns.
4. A: It’s hard wrk, but I enjy it.
B: ______ it’s hard wrk, I enjy it.
5. A: Men can’t live withut air and water.
B: Men will die withut air ______ water.
答案1,nt nly, but als 2,bth ,and 3,neither ,nr 4,Althugh/Thugh 5, r
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