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中考英语复习第一部分第5节介词和介词短语PPT课件(广东专用)
展开这是一份中考英语复习第一部分第5节介词和介词短语PPT课件(广东专用),共45页。PPT课件主要包含了考点解读,常用介词的比较,表示时间的介词, 表示地点的介词,满分突破,真题链接,模拟突破等内容,欢迎下载使用。
第五节 介词和介词短语
介词属于虚词,不能单独使用,后面需接名词、代词(宾格)、动名词,构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。 介词5年5考。
ten past ten
3. 表示方式、手段等的介词
4. 表示运动方向的介词
5. 表示其他意义的介词
二、 常用的含介词的短语
1. 介词与名词的搭配
1. 介词与名词的搭配(续表)
2. 介词与形容词的搭配
3. 常见介词与动词的搭配
4. 其他常见介词的相关搭配
5. 区别几组常用的含介词的短语
(1)be made f 由……(材料)制成(看得出原材料) be made frm 由……(材料)制成(看不出原材料) be made in 在……(地方)制造 be made by 由……制造 be made up f 由……(成分)组成(2)talk abut sth. / sb.谈论某事 / 某人(谈论的内容) talk t / with sb.与某人谈论(3)lk fr 寻找 lk at 看
(4)be used t sth. / ding sth.习惯于某事 / 做某事 be used t d sth.被用来做某事 used t d sth.过去常常做某事(5)be gd at (ding) sth.擅长(做)某事 be gd t 对……友好 be gd fr 对……有好处(6)be strict in sth.对某事严格要求 be strict with sb.对某人严格要求(7)be famus fr 因……而出名 be famus as 作为……而出名
1.容易误用介词的情况(1)在here,there,hme,upstairs,dwnstairs等副词前不加介词。(2)在以this,that,last,next,every,ne等开头的时间状语前不加介词。(3)在tday,yesterday,tmrrw,the day after tmrrw等时间状语前不加介词。
2.介词后面的宾语介词后面的宾语通常是名词、代词(宾格)或动名词。如:(1)谢谢你的帮助。Thanks fr ____________.(2)对我来说,完成这项任务很困难。It’s difficult fr ____________ t finish the task.(3)她擅长讲故事。She is gd at ____________.
telling stries
3.表示地点的介词in,n 和 t的区别(1)in表示“在……范围内”,还表示“在……之中”。如:Haiku lies in the suth f China.海口在中国的南部。 Fujian lies in the sutheast f China.福建在中国的东南部。中国在亚洲东部。China is __________ the east f Asia.
(3)t表示方位,不接壤。如:Haiku lies t the suth f Guangzhu. 海口在广州的南边。日本在中国的东边。Japan lies _______ the east f China.
(2) n表示“与……毗邻,接壤”,还有表示“在……之上”,强调和表面接触。如:Canada lies n the nrth f America.加拿大在美国的北边。 广东省在广西的东南边。 Guangdng Prvince is the _____ sutheast f Guangxi.
4.表示交通方式的介词by,in和n的区别 介词by,in和n都可以与表示交通工具的名词搭配,表示交通方式,具体用法如下:(1)当不涉及表示交通工具的名词时,或当直接加表示交通工具的单数名词时,用介词by,如by sea,by air,by plane,by bus。(2)当表示交通工具的名词前有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰语时用介词n或in,如n my bike,in a car等。如:①He usually ges t schl ______ his father’s car.②I g t wrk _____ N.138 bus every day.③It’s cnvenient t get t Xiamen _____ train frm here.
一、介词和介词短语在语法选择中的考查介词和介词短语在语法选择中主要考查固定搭配以及介词的具体意思。1.根据固定搭配确定(1)(2020·广州·6题)Early ________ a sunny mrning,David and his dnkeys stp at a river t drink.A.in B.n C.at D.fr【答案剖析】mrning,afternn,evening三个词的前或后有the以外的修饰词时,表示具体的时间,所搭配的介词为n,故选B。
(2)(2019·广州· 12题)His stry ended happily when he returned t Earth ________ very gd health.A.at B.n C.in D.fr【答案剖析】in … health表示“以……的健康状况”,为固定搭配,故选C。(3)(2018·广州·15题)Xian gt sick and later died f a lung illness ________ Octber 30,1945,aged nly 40.A.at B.in C.n D.by【答案剖析】根据“Octber 30,1945”可知,表示的是具体的某一天。在具体某一天前用介词n,故选C。
(4)(2016·广州·13题)The smaller ptates mved t the bttm,the large ptates rse t the tp and the medium ptates rested ________ the middle.A.n B.in C.with D.by【答案剖析】由前面表位置的关键词组t the bttm(到底部),t the tp(到上部)和后面的the middle可知此处应用固定短语in the middle,表示“(不大不小的土豆)在中间”,故选B。2.根据上下文意思确定(1)(2020·广东·31题)One day,her teacher went int the classrm ________ sme kites.A.t B.in C.with D.by【答案剖析】A表示“到”;B表示“在……里面”;C表示“和”;D表示“由”。根据句意可知,她的老师带着一些风筝走进教室。表伴随用with,故选C。
(2)(2017·广州· 8题)“G and make me a cup f tea fr a start,________ sugar and milk,” Grandma said.A.in B.with C.f D.fr【答案剖析】A表示“在……面”;B表示“有,和”;C表示“……的”;D表示“对于,为了”。结合语境可知此处表示茶里要有糖和牛奶,故选B。二、介词和介词短语在短文填空中的考查介词和介词短语在短文填空中主要考查固定搭配以及根据上下文意思确定所缺介词。
1.根据固定搭配确定(1)(2020· 广东·67 题)Jane tk part in a winter camp ________ the age f eight.【答案剖析】根据语境“简 ________ 八岁时参加了冬令营”,用介词at,构成短语at the age f,意为“在……岁时”,故填at。(2)(2019· 广东· 72题)The village became ppular because ________ Grandpa Huang's hard wrk.【答案剖析】此处构成短语because f,意为“因为;由于”,后接名词(短语)、代词或动名词等。Grandpa Huang's hard wrk是名词短语,故填f。(3)(2018·顺德三模·77题)I walked slwly t the dr,and fund a by sleeping ________ the flr.【答案剖析】固定搭配n the flr,表示“在地上”,故填n。
(4)(2018·广东·71题)Sme valuable lessns he learnt as a child have strngly influenced him ________ his later life.【答案剖析】固定搭配in ne's later life表示“在某人的晚年”,故填in。(5)(2016·广东·72题)Mr.Zhang's mther lives with them and helps lk ________ the kid.【答案剖析】根据句意可知,他妈妈和他们住在一起,是帮助他们照顾孩子。lk after表示“照看;照料”,故填after。
2.根据上下文意思确定介词在句子中作后置定语或者状语,其主谓宾完整。(2017·广东·71题)They have sent an invitatin t a leading US televisin statin,expecting that it will send a film grup t recrd their day-t-day life ________ technlgy fr a mnth.【答案剖析】根据“首句What will happen if a family withut the Internet fr a mnth? One American family decides t find ut.如果一个家庭一个月没有网络会怎样?一个美国家庭决定找到答案。”和结合空格后的名词“technlgy科技”可知,这个家庭是为了做关于离开和网络有关的科技产品的生活的实验,故填withut。
( )1.Nanjing Zijinshan Insect Museum,which will be pen t the public sn,was frmed at the ft f Zhngshan ________ April 2nd.(2020·南京市)A.in B.n C.at D.frm( )2.Yu'd better nt hang ut after schl ________ telling yur parents.They may wrry abut yu.(2020·青岛市)A.by B.with C.withut D.after( )3.There is ging t be an English mvie in ur schl ________ the evening f June 30.(2020·黔南州)A.at B.in C.fr D.n
( )4.We have a gegraphy lessn ________ three 'clck ________ Thursday afternn.(2020·大庆市)A.at;in B.in;in C.n;n D.at;n( )5.— Which is yur uncle?— The big man,smartly dressed ________ a suit and tie.(2020·武汉市)A.n B.with C.fr D.in( )6.I think tea will taste better ________ sme milk in it.(2019·广东省)A.fr B.with C.frm D.at
( )7.This stry is ________ simple English. My little sister can read it.(2019·河北省)A.fr B.in C.with D.by( )8.On sunny days,my grandma ften reads a nvel ________ the windw.(2019·安徽省)A.by B.fr C.with D.frm( )9.The highspeed train ________ Qingda and Beijing travels faster nw.The train ride takes nly abut three hurs.(2019·青岛市)A.frm B.amng C.in D.between( )10.— Hw sn will we get the ffer frm a new high schl?— ________ abut tw mnths.(2018·广东省)A.In B.Fr C.Amng D.During
( )11.Students here ften d physics experiments ________ small grups.(2018·潍坊市) A.by B.in C.fr D.at( )12.Our class are much sure t win the basketball game ________ Class Three.(2018·安徽省)A.f B.in C.against D.frm( )13.It's very kind ________ yu t lend me yur reusable shpping bags.(2017·广东省)A.f B.fr C.t D.with
( )14.Many yung peple put mbile gaming ________ anything else,thinking little f their nrmal lives. (2016·广东省)A.alng with B.behind C.befre D.in frnt f( )15.Culd yu please give me a hand? I can't cmplete the task n time ________ yur help. (2015·广东省)A.withut B.under C.with D.fr
一、单项选择( )1.It's really nice ________ him t take the ld man t the hspital ________ a snwy night.A.fr;n B.f;n C.fr;in D.f;in( )2.— Wh gave yu this new bike ________ a birthday present?— My uncle did.I really like it and I ften g t schl ________ the bike.A.as;by B.as;n C.fr;by D.fr;n( )3.Thank yu ________ inviting me t yur birthday party.I really had a gd time there.A.n B.f C.in D.fr
( )4.— ________ my surprise,Jin Ming is in ur schl ftball team.— Yes.He did well ________ playing ftball when he was very yung.A.T;f B.At;in C.T;in D.At;f( )5.________ the help f mdern technlgy,scientists gt a pht f a black hle.A.At B.In C.On D.With
二、语法选择(2020·禅城区二模) I met my classmate Rse n the first day f cllege.She was __1__ in ur class.She was 87 years ld. We sn became gd friends.Every day we wuld leave class tgether and __2__ nnstp.I lved listening t this “time machine” sharing her wisdm and experience.Over the schl year,Rse became very ppular amng students.She __3__ made friends wherever she went. At the end f the year Rse __4__ t speak at ur leaving party.I'll never frget __5__ she taught us:the secrets t staying yung,being happy,and achieving __6__.
“There is __7__ huge difference between grwing lder and grwing up.If yu are 19 years ld and lie in bed ding nthing meaningful fr ne full year,yu will just be ne year lder.__8__ yu dn't grw up.Anybdy can grw lder.That desn't take any talent r ability.Yu grw up nly by always __9__ chances in change.Have n regrets.The nly peple wh fear death are thse __10__ regrets.” One week after graduatin Rse died peacefully in her sleep.These wrds have been passed alng in lving memry f ROSE.
( ) B.lder C.ldest D.the ldest( ) B.talks C.talked D.was talking( ) B.easily C.easier D.mre easily( ) B.invited C.is invited D.was invited( ) B.when C.what D.which( ) B.success C.successful D.successfully( )7.A./ B.the C.a D.an( ) B.And C.Or D.S( ) B.fund C.t find D.finding( ) B.f C.abut D.with
三、短文填空(2017·泰安市中考真题改编)如今,很多城市出现了一种绿色出行方式 —— 共享单车(bikesharing),它因环保、便捷而备受青睐,但同时也引发了一些问题。请你根据要点提示以“Bikesharing”为题写一篇英语短文,表达自己的看法和建议。要点提示:
联系材料,根据上下文,在作文中填入适当的介词。Bikesharing Tday,(1)________ a greener way fr traveling,bikesharing is becming mre and mre ppular (2)________ many big cities.S it's enjyed (3)________ lts f peple,fr its many advantages. First f all,it's very cnvenient (4)________ peple t g smewhere nearby.Als,it helps t reduce traffic jams.There will be less pllutin because f bikesharing.Besides,bikesharing helps peple d mre exercise.In this way,it's helpful (5)________ peple's health.
Hwever,it als brings sme prblems.(6)________ example,sme peple park thse bikes everywhere,and sme bikes are stlen.Even sme peple thrw them away (7)________ using the bikes. (8)________ my pinin,everyne shuld try t be civilized and fllw the rules (9)________ using bikes.As lng as we take gd care (10)________ bikes,it will make ur life better and better,and ur envirnment will be mre beautiful.
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