一般过去时(含练习题)学案
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这是一份一般过去时(含练习题)学案,共10页。学案主要包含了概念,句型转换,中译英等内容,欢迎下载使用。
一、概念:表示在过去某个时间里,所存在的状态或发生的动作。
表示过去时间的词或词组,如:
1, last +时间 last weekend, (上周末) last week(上周) last mnth(上个月) last year(去年)
last Mnday(上周一) last night(昨晚)
2,yesterday(昨天) yesterday mrning/afternn/ evening(昨天早上/昨天下午/昨天晚上)
3, ag(以前) 2 hurs ag(两小时前) 2 days ag(两天前) 2 years ag(两年前)
4,at that time 那时 the day befre yesterday(前天) just nw(刚才)
结构
( ① be动词(is,am, are)→ was/were)
主语 + 动词过去时态 +其他部分
( ②一般动词→相应的动词过去式)
表示过去的事实或状态。
例:He was very busy an hur ag.他在过去的一小时非常忙碌。
I was eight years ld last year. 我去年8岁。
She was a student 3 years ag. 三年前她是一个学生(三年前她还在上学。)
表示在过去某个时间内所作的事情。
例:She played ftball yesterday .昨天她买了很多书。
I watched TV last night. 昨晚我看了电视。
二,动词一般过去时变化规则
A,表状态的be动词(am, is, are)在过去时态中的用法。
1,am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。用于第一人称I和第三人称单数she/he/it等,
如:I was/she was/he was/it was。(否定式was nt=wasn’t)
2,are在一般过去时中变为were。用于第二人称yu和复数we/they等,
如:yu were/we were/they were(否定式were nt=weren’t)
be动词的一般过去式基本结构 :主语+was/were+其他部分。
例:My father and my mther were at hme yesterday.我爸妈昨天在家。
I was a teacher 5 years ag. 五年前我是一个老师。
She was Miss White yesterday, she is Mrs Black nw. 昨天她是怀特小姐,现在他是布莱克夫人。
I was a yung 10 years ag, nw I am an ld man. 十年前我是一个年轻人,现在我是个老人了。
be动词的一般过去式的否定句。
在was或were后加nt, 即was nt=wasn’t / were nt=weren’t 。
句式结构:主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他部分。
例:They were very happy last night. 昨晚他们很开心
否定句:They were nt (weren’t) very happy last night.昨晚他们不开心。
She was a student. 他是一个学生。
否定句:She was nt(wasn’t)a student. 他不是学生了。
be动词的一般过去式的疑问句。
把was或were提到句首,句末加问号,其他不变。
句式结构:was/were+主语+其他+?
肯定回答:Yes,主语 +was/were.
否定回答:N, 主语+wasn’t / weren’t
例:She was a child nce. 他曾是一个小孩。
一般疑问句:Was she a child nce? Yes, she was/N, she wasn’t.
I was at hme yesterday.昨天在我待在家里。
一般疑问句:Were yu at hme yesterday? 你昨天在家里吗? Yes,I was/N,I wasn’t.
【即学即练】
用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I _______ at schl just nw.
2. He ________ at the camp last week.
3. We ________ students tw years ag.
4. They ________ n the farm a mment ag.
5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years ld last year.
6. There ________ an apple n the plate yesterday.
7. There ________ sme milk in the fridge n Sunday.
8. The mbile phne _______ n the sfa yesterday evening.
二、句型转换
1. It was exciting.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________
肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
2. All the students were very excited.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________
肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
3. They were in his pcket.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________
肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
三、中译英
1.我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。
___________________________________________________________
2.他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。
___________________________________________________________
3.一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。
___________________________________________________________
B,行为动词在过去时态中的用法。
行为动词的过去式变化规则
规则变化。
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,
如:wash-washed, clean-cleaned, play- played
2.结尾是e加d,
如:taste-tasted , dance-danced, lve-lved live-lived
3.末尾是一个辅音字母+一个元音字母+一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,
如:stp-stpped,plan-planned, prefer-preferred
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,
如:study-studied wrry-wrried
不规则变化 (要求识记)
g→went have/has→had d→did sing→sang cme→came sit→sat give→gave
run→ran eat→ate take→tk write→wrte ride→ rde drive→drve speak→spke get→gt make→made knw→knew see→saw teach→taught buy→bught
read→read put→put hurt→hurt cut→cut fall→fell say→said
【即学即练】
写出下列动词的过去式
is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________
drink_________ play_______ g________ make ________
des_________ dance________ wrry________ ask _____
taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______
thrw________ kick_________ pass_______ d ________
行为动词的过去式基本句式结构: 主语+动词的过去式+其它
例:He washed the clthes yesterday. 他昨天洗衣服了。
We did ur hmewrk tgether. 我们一起做家庭作业。
行为动词的过去式否定句:借助动词did+nt(didn’t),后面的动词变原形.
句式结构:主语+did nt (didn’t )+动词原形+其它部分。
例:He washed the clthes yesterday. 他昨天没有洗衣服了。
否定句:He didn’t wash the clthes yesterday. 他昨天洗衣服了。
We did ur hmewrk tgether. 我们一起做家庭作业。
否定句:We didn’t d ur hmewrk tgether. 我们没有一起做家庭作业。
行为动词的过去式一般疑问句:借助动词did,放在句首,后面的动词变原形,句末加问号。
句式结构:Did+主语++动词原形+其它部分+?
肯定回答:Yes,主语 +did.
否定回答:N, 主语+didn’t
例:I cleaned my rm last night. 昨晚我打扫了我的房间。
一般疑问句:Did yu clean yur rm last night? 昨晚你打扫你的房间了吗?
Yes, I did./N, I didn’t. 是的,我打扫了。/没有,我没打扫。
He played ftball with Li Ming last Sunday. 上周星期天,他和李明一起踢足球了。
一般疑问句:Did he play ftball with Li Ming last Sunday? 上周星期天,他和李明踢足球了吗?
Yes, he did./N, he didn’t. 有/没有。
行为过去时的特殊疑问句的构成:疑问词+一般疑问句,即:
疑问词(what/where/wh/when/hw)+did+主语+动词原形+其它?
例:What did yu d last weekend? 你上周末干什么去了?
What did she d last night? 她昨晚上干什么去了?
Where did the plane g last mnth? 这架飞机上个月去哪里了?
When did we g shpping? 我们什么时候去买的东西?
Hw did he d t schl yesterday? 他昨天怎么去上学的?
【即学即练】
一、用行为动词的适当形式填空
1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi tw years ag.
2. We _______ (have) a party last Hallween.
3. Nancy ________ (pick) up ranges n the farm last week.
4. I ________ (make) a mdel ship with Mike yesterday.
5. They ________ (play) chess in the classrm last PE lessn.
6. My mther _______ (ck) a nice fd last Spring Festival.
7. The girls ________ (sing) and _______ (dance) at the party.
二、句型转换
1. Su Hai tk sme phts at the Sprts day.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________
肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
2. Nancy went t schl early.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________
肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
3. We sang sme English sngs.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________
肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
三、中译英
1. 格林先生去年住在中国。
________________________________________________________
2. 昨天我们参观了农场。
________________________________________________________
3. 他刚才在找他的手机。
________________________________________________________
一般过去时态不分人称和数的变化,动词相应变过去式。变否定句和一般疑问句一律借助助动词did。
例:He liked apples very much 5 years ag. 五年前他很喜欢吃苹果。
I liked apples very much 5 years ag. 五年前我很喜欢吃苹果。
We studied here last year. 去年我们在这上过学。
They studied here last year. 去年他们在这上过学。
I didn’t watch TV last night. 我昨晚上没看电视
She didn’t watch TV last night. 她昨晚上没看电视。
解析对画线部分提问。
对划线部分提问就是针对句子中的某一成分进行提问,就是把陈述句变成一般疑问句的过程。
注意之点:
用特殊疑问词5W(what/where/wh/when/hw)代替划线部分,划线部分不再出现,其他部分一个都不可少。
句式结构,即:特殊疑问词(5W)+一般疑问句。
特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它部分?
特殊疑问词+was/were+其它部分?
划线部分替代词的线则,即5W(what/where/wh/when/hw)的选用。
划线部分是人物,用wh代替。
划线部分是时间,用when 提问。
划线部分是地点,用where提问。
划线部分是事情,事物,物体,用what提问。
划线部分是交通方式,方法,感觉,健康状况,用hw 提问。
划线部分是数量,用hw many提问。
划线部分是年龄,用hw ld提问。
划线部分是原因,即because...用why 提问。
例:She watched a mvie in the cinema by bus last night. 她昨晚坐公汽去电影院看电影了。
⒈ ⒉ ⒊ ⒋ ⒌
1,Wh watched a mvie in the cinema by bus last night?
2,What did she d last night?
3,Where did she watch a mvie by bus last night?
4,Hw did she watch a mvie last night?
5,When did she watch a mvie in the cinema bu bus?
练一练:
Jim cleaned his rm this mrning.
He was in the library just nw.
Nancy went t schl by subway yesterday
1 2 3 4
My mther bught a bk fr me yesterday.
There are 5 birds in the tree.
She was 7 years ld last year.
I like spring because I can g hiking.
She feels happy .
He was in the hspital.
She makes a kite in the classrm.
He did his hmewrk last night.
A、用动词的适当形式填空。
1) It_____( be ) Ben’s birthday last Friday.
2) We all_____ ( have ) a gd time last night.
3) He _____ ( jump ) high n last Sprts Day.
4) Helen _____ ( milk ) a cw n Friday.
5) She likes_____newspapers, but she _____a bk yesterday. ( read )
6) He _____ftball nw, but they _____basketball just nw. ( play )
7) Jim’s mther _____ ( plant ) trees just nw.
8) _____they _____ ( sweep ) the flr n Sunday? N, they_____.
9) I _______ ( watch ) a cartn n Mnday.
10) We_____ ( g ) t schl n Sunday.
B、按要求改写句子。
1) My father came t the shp just nw.(改为否定句)
My father_____ _____ t the shp just nw.
2) I watched TV last night.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
-_____yu _____ TV last _____?
-- _____ , _____ _____.
3) Their teacher tld them a stry yesterday.(对划线部分提问)
_____ _____ their teacher_____them yesterday?
4) They were n the farm last Saturday.(改为否定句)
They _____ n the farm last Saturday.
5) David and Liu Ta did their hmewrk tgether a mment ag.(改为一般疑问句)
_____ David and Liu Ta_____ _____ hmewrk tgether _____ _____.
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