黑龙江省大庆铁人中学2022届高三上学期第一次月考英语试题含答案

铁人中学2019级高三上学期阶段考试

英语试题

试题说明：1、本试题满分150分，答题时间120分钟。         

2、请将答案填写在答题卡上，考试结束后只交答题卡。

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分：基础知识考查（每小题1分，共30小题, 满分 30 分）

1. acknowledge   B. consult  C. owe  D. circulate   E. contract

1. With no solid evidence, he refused to _______ stealing the lady's purse.
2. He is a famous lawyer and many people come to _______him about some cases.
3. Because of your help, I have made great progress in my study. In other words, I __my progress to your help.
4. The economy continues to _______, raising fears of further political problems.
5. During an emergency period, those who _______false news should be severely punished by the authorities.

1. assumption  B. approval  C. remark  D. reflection  E. respect

6. I would appreciate it if my application could get your _______.
7. He made a rude _______about the fruit that it is not fresh enough.
8. Try to understand what's actually happening instead of acting on the _______you've made.
9. Upon _______, he made a decision that the community service should be promote.
10. In which _______do you think China is the greatest? science or politics.

1. accustomed  B. opposed   C. covered   D. abandoned  E. transformed

11. As we all know, English people are _______to driving on the left.
12. The media _______the Youth Olympic Games held in Nanjing in a variety of forms.
13. Many farmers _______the the plan because they feared that wolves would kill the farm animals or pets.
14. The car _______America from a farm-based society into an industrial power.
15. The broken bike was found _______by the riverside.

1. cautious  B. affordable  C. accessible  D. military  E. severe

16. Eating out once or twice a week may be _______, but doing this most days adds up.
17. Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more ____and preserve its history and culture.
18. We should not focus on how to fight each other, but how to prevent _______action.
19. The spokesman was very _______about expressing his opinions in public in case he might make mistakes.
20. Faced with the ___employment situation, many graduates are considering going to work in the rural area.

1. no wonder  B. let alone  C. word came that   D. take on  E. get down to

21. I began to realize_______ my fellow guests had had only a few bites of each dish, they knew what was still to come.
22. Some insects _______the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.
23. He refused to admit his mistake, _______ apologize to us for it.
24. The driver was at a loss when _______he was forbidden to drive for speeding.
25. Anyway, we're here now, so let's _______some serious work.

1. adapt to  B. make out  C. used to  D. come up with  E. get away from

26. Human beings will continue to _______ the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways.
27. His mother had thought it would be good for his character to _____home and earn some money on his own.
28. Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't _______ what he was saying.
29. Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea. This is what my mother _______tell me.
30. Although against my opinion, the old professor didn't _______his own.

第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节: (共15小题:每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Ready to start an exciting new journey and pursue an education in National University of Singapore? Overseas Training Program for senior high school graduates may be your chance. Our team is here to walk you through the application process and answer any and all of your questions along the way.

Qualifications

• The applicant must be a non-Singaporean citizen holding a foreign passport.

• Applicants have no criminal record, observe Singaporean government laws, regulations, and respect the customs and habits of the Singaporean people.

• Applicants should be over 18 years old.

• Applicants should be physically and mentally healthy.

• Applicants should be able to communicate in English.

Application Time： July 10, 2021 to September 1, 2021Enrollment（入学）Date：September 10, 2021

Application Procedure

• Applicants should visit the official website to inquire about the 2021 admission information and fill in the Application Form.

• Applicants shall name the application materials according to the list, pack the folder and send it to our school and the school will evaluate the admission qualification.

• Applicants who have passed the admission qualification review will participate in the interview or written test organized by the department that you apply for.

• The qualified candidates will finally receive our admission letter.

Fees

31. Which of the following will result in disqualification?

A. Having a sound body and mind.    B. Having a clean personal record.

C. Being a Singaporean citizen.       D. Having a good command of English.

32. What can ensure the applicants an interview opportunity?

A. A high test score.                    B. An application form.

C. Overseas studying experience.         D. Qualified application documents.

33. What's the total annual cost for a student hoping to live alone?

A. $ 1,000. B. $ 6,600. C. $ 6,100. D. $ 5,600.

B

The first time I used the TV to distract my daughter, I felt like a bad parent; I convinced myself I was a “bad” mom—these days I believe the opposite to be true. Screen time makes me a better mom.

Now I know what most of you might be thinking: That’s ridiculous. Only crappy(糟糕的)parents rely on the screen to care for their kids. Then again, experts suggest parents limit media use. And while I do not doubt experts, there are things they fail to consider.

Like most 6-year-olds, my daughter gets worked up and excited easily and watching a cartoon gives her a chance to shut off her mind. And there are other reasons— more selfish reasons. I am a work-from-work mom, and giving her screen time gives me “me” time. I’m able to write while she watches TV. And while this may sound bad, I believe I am helping my daughter realize she should rely on herself. When Mommy works, she gets her own snacks, drinks and toys.

There are other benefits, too. TV has also taught my daughter. Thanks to “super Why”,she knew her alphabet at 2, and thanks to “Sesame Street”, she was able to count to 20 by age 3. And I use the screen as a great incentive. My daughter earns “tablet time” when she completes tasks, e.g., making her bed earns 15minutes while doing her homework gets her 30.

Of course, I have a few rules. During meals, the TV is off; all programs must be supervised; on weekdays, she is limited to two hours maximum. So remember: It doesn’t matter what our kids watch; it matters what they do, what they say, what they feel and how they act, and only you know what is best for them.

34. What can be learned about the author’s opinion about screen time?

A. It fails to take kids into consideration.    B. It is welcome by most crappy parents.

C. It challenges a popular belief.           D. It is in line with experts.

35. How can screen time be good for kids of mothers working at home?

A. It gives them topics to discuss with friends.    B. It gives them some uninterrupted time.

C. It enables them to keep their spirits up.       D. It helps them become independent.

36. What does the underlined word “incentive” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A. Motivator    B. Relaxation     C. Idea producer  D. Learning tool

37. Which of the following might the author agree with ?

A. Science and technology are primary productive forces.

B. A man is good-for-nothing until he is educated.

C. Nothing can be accomplished without rules.        D. Each coin has two sides.

C

If Mars were the popular kid in school, Venus（金星）would be the unwelcome one sitting in the corner, largely ignored. Venus has nearly the same mass and size as Earth, but being closer to the sun, it gets nearly twice as much heat from the sun.

However, instead of having a climate that is just a warmer version of Earth’s, Venus’s surface and atmosphere are unbearable: clouds of sulphuric acid (硫酸) blanket the planet, while at ground level, it is hot enough to melt lead. Despite this, there is now a sign that Venus may harbour life.

Jane Greaves at Cardiff University, UK, and her colleagues recently detected phosphine (磷化氢)in Venus’s atmosphere, with one potential explanation that it is the by-product of biology. That is because the only way this gas is made on Earth is in laboratories or by microbes (微生物). Though this doesn't mean it was produced by life on Venus, attempts to find non-biological explanations for its presence have so far failed.

Our best way of confirming or rejecting the possibility of life on Venus is to go and have a proper look. While Mars has been the focus of interplanetary exploration efforts lately, the phosphine discovery lets people look at Venus in a new light. As NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine tweeted: “It’s time to prioritize Venus.”

In the months and years to come, computer simulations will be used to further study the possible chemistries of the atmosphere on Venus. More laboratory experiments will be conducted to try to identify other ways the phosphine there could be produced. However, there is no guarantee that these efforts will reveal the true nature of this substance on Venus. A newly-proposed strategy is to directly sample the atmosphere and surface of Venus. By doing so, we would be able to take direct measurements of phosphine.

The discovery of phosphine in Venus's atmosphere is a great accomplishment. The scientific efforts may be just what we need to finally refocus on this neglected world. Possibly, the quiet kid in the corner may get the last laugh.

38. Which description about Venus is not true?

A. It is twice as large as Earth.

B. Having exactly the same mass with Earth, Venus is hot enough to melt lead.

C. It has the unbearable surface and atmosphere.

D. It has a warmer Earth-like climate.

39. What can the discovery of phosphine on Venus indicate?

A. This kind of gas is very common.      B. There might exist signs of life.

C. Many products can be made with it.    D. Experiments were once conducted there.

40. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?

A. The approaches to exploring phosphine.    B. The importance of observations.

C. The power of computer simulations.       D. The necessity to analyse phosphine.

41. Which can best describe the author’s attitude to the exploration of Venus?

A. Casual. B. Cautious. C. Supportive. D. Doubtful.

D

Green skin is common in science fiction, but what if green skin were not just for aliens? If humans had green skin, what if it granted us the ability to perform photosynthesis (光合作用), which plants use to live off of sunlight?

Let's analyze what science says about it and ask award-winning science-fiction author John Scalzi what he thinks.

Plants can live off of photosynthesis because they grow broad, flat leaves to harvest as much light as possible, They also need less energy because they are far less active than animals.

According to Lindsay Turnbull, a plant ecologist at the University of Oxford who conducted an experiment recently, if the skin of a woman were photosynthetic like a leaf, the amount of surface area she had would satisfy only 1% of her daily energy requirements to survive. For a photosynthesizing woman to meet her energy demands, she would need a lot more skin-about a tennis courts worth, Turnbull estimated.

In addition, photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide. Plants have pores(毛孔)that they use to supply the gas to their cells. If photosynthetic humans had chloroplasts(叶绿体), they might need porous skin to let in carbon dioxide, but such pores might let other things leak in or out------for instance, moisture(水分)-----in ways that might prove harmful to the human body.

One might wonder if photosynthetic people might prefer moving to sunny climates. Although such people might receive a small increase from photosynthesis if they moved to a desert area, they would likely base other resource issues to deal with, such as a lack of water. Scalzi said. “There's always going to be trade-offs(平衡).” he noted.

And would photosynthetic humans prefer hole or no clothing to absorb all those rays? In some photosynthetic societies, clothing might become a symbol of the elite----- a sign they get enough energy from food and do not need photosynthesis. You can imagine them saying. "I'm rich, so I can cover up." Scalzi said.

So would Scalzi want photosynthetic skin for himself? "Probably not.” he said. “I don’t see the benefit from it being so great that I would completely change the way I’d look to benefit from it.”

42. Why can't humans live off of photosynthesis according to Lindsay Turnbull?

A. Because we are less active. B. Because we wear clothes.

C. Because we don’t have green skin. D. Because our skin area is not large enough.

43. If photosynthetic humans had pores, what would be the disadvantage?

A. They would absorb too much CO2.

B. They would release some useful substances.

C. They would be too small for human beings.

D. They would keep gases from entering the human body.

44. What might be the reason why Scalzi says no to photosynthetic skin for himself?

A. He was too conservative to accept that.

B. He wouldn't like to move to sunny climates.

C. He believed there were no enough reward.

D. He thought clothing was simply a symbol of upper class.

45. How does the author support the theme of the text?

A. By providing research results. B. By describing a process.

C. By making classifications. D. By following the time order.

第二节（共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Psychologists have long believed that human beings have a fairly consistent “negativity bias（消极偏见）” that leads us to pay more attention to negative thoughts, feelings and events than to positive ones. ____46____There is a positive explanation for the question. After all, we are motivated to grow after a misstep. However, we can't abandon ourselves to the negativity bias forever. How? ____47____

Practice Positivity. Like your muscles, your thought patterns respond to how they are used and exercised. You don't have to erase the negativity bias from your mind. ____68____For example, set calendar reminders throughout your day to convey an expression of gratitude or simply adjust your body language so you're holding yourself with strength and confidence.

____49____We're living in a time of pandemic or financial stress and deep division. Our negativity biases call our attention toward those realities. But we are well served to also see the opportunities in this moment：Maybe there's a home project we otherwise wouldn't have found time to tackle.

Ask for Positive Reminders. Get in the habit of checking in with people who are with you when goodness finds you today. Mention to them, “That is an unexpected bit of praise from the boss, isn't it?” ____50____And who knows, you may help your friend, family member or coworker have a more positive day as well!

A. Try the following suggested ideas.

B. Redefine negativity as an opportunity.

C. Instead, practice your positive lifestyle.

D. Its negative influence can never be avoided.

E. Why and how does this phenomenon happen?

F. How do you handle it as you try to live with more positivity?

G. Asking others to confirm your positive insights can facilitate your positivity.

第三部分 英语知识运用

完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题中所给的四个选项（ABCD）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I grew up in a military family. When my parents retired from the army after eighteen years of ___51___, I had to study with those twelve- year-olds who shared no___52___ life experience with me.

Most of my new classmates had grown up together and they had no room to___53___ for a newcomer. I wore different clothes and spoke with a different accent. I had little___54___ of making friends. I___55___ for the first few weeks in my new school.

To deal with it all, I began___56___ in my diary every day. I wrote as if my life depended on it. I could not stand the loneliness___57___ I wrote it down in my diary.

One day, my teacher, Mrs. Bush, asked why I always sat there writing. I lied that I___58___ writing to playing. One week later, Mrs. Bush gave us a writing assignment (任务). I was___59___that I could now participate in something I knew I was good at. So I worked on the essay_____60_____ and handed it in. I thought it was the best chance for me to be_____61_____ by the class.

The next day, Mrs. Bush called me up to the_____62_____ of the classroom. I stood before my classmates and I got_____63_____. Was I in trouble? Did I do something wrong?

Then Mrs. Bush told the class how much she_____64_____ all the work that went into the essays and everyone had done a great job. But, she said, one student_____65_____ as an excellent writer. That student was me!

The class clapped their hands wildly and Mrs. Bush handed me my paper, with the following_____66_____on it,“You are a very excellent writer. You_____67_____ your essay with your true feeling and creativity. Please keep on writing and share your_____68_____ of writing with the class.” I made it.

Mrs. Bush helped me feel a sense of_____69_____and a way to go through the hard transition (过渡) in my life. She helped me gain_____70_____ in myself that stayed with me beyond my school life.

51. A. peace B. training C. war D. service .

52. A. hard B. similar C. healthy D. wonderful

53. A. build B. preserve C. take D. spare

54. A. use B. control C. hope D. need

55. A. struggled B. played C. survived D. exercised

56. A. debating B. drawing C. writing D. swearing

57. A. unless B. once C. while D. after

58. A. compared B. applied C. turned D. preferred

59. A. astonished B. satisfied C. excited D. embarrassed

60. A. anxiously B. curiously C. half- heartedly D. enthusiastically

61. A. impressed B. accepted C. challenged D. envied

62. A. front B. corner C. door D. outside

63. A. annoyed B. disappointed C. worried D. surprised .

64. A. appreciated B. expected C. ignored D. enjoyed

65. A. stood out B. woke up C. passed by D. set off

66. A. descriptions B. remarks C. suggestions D. accounts

67. A. fill B. occupy C. connect D. present

68. A. advantage B. purpose C. gift D. trouble

69. A. responsibility B. belonging C. devotion D. relief

70. A. interest B. imagination C. respect D. confidence

第Ⅱ卷

第一节：语法填空（共10题，每题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

China speed is amazing the world. While other countries are struggling to make high-speed railway a ____71____  (real), the China Railway Corporation has been busying itself in laying down over 25,000 km of high-speed tracks over the past ten years — accounting for roughly two ____72___(three) of the world’s total length of high-speed rail lines.

Up to now, China _____73_____(build) the largest high-speed rail network worldwide. The impacts go well beyond the railway sector. It also includes changed patterns of urban development, increases in tourism, and growth of regional economy. To boost regional integration and economic growth, plans for high-speed maglev (磁悬浮) lines with trains __   74_  __ (travel) at a speed of 600 kph or more are taking shape in more Chinese cities.

“China started operating _____75_____ (it) first maglev railway more than a decade ago. ______76______, for lack of critical technologies at that time, we only concentrated on conventional high-speed rail,” said Sun Zhang, _____77____ is a leading railway specialist. But the research team, ____78___ (lead) by him, tried their best to learn advanced technologies from foreign countries and eventually developed our own innovations.

There is no denying that all of these achievements make our travel convenient and   _____79_____( rely) , especially during “Chunyun”, _____80_____ annual test on the China's transportation system. Thanks to “China speed”, people can go back home for reunions with families and friends in time.

第二节：短文改错（满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:​

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Hi, Jane,

It had been almost half a year since I came to my new school. I think I should share with you one of the problem I have been facing.

As I told you last time, I have made three good friends here. We usual hang out together after school. We've been spending a lot of time singing in KTV. It has really cost me too many. I also think it is a time wasting activity! In fact, I don't want go anymore, but I'm afraid I'll loss their friendship. How do you think I should do? If you are me, would you talk to us?

Please help with me and give me some advice.

Yours,

Grace

第三节  写作（满分25分）

上周日你校学生会举办了一次森林公园郊游活动。请你为学校英文报写一篇短文，介绍这次活动

内容包括：1. 活动目的     2. 活动过程     3个人感受，

注意：1词数100左右    2. 题目已为你写好，

A meaningful outgoing to the forest park

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________                         

                                              Yours, 

                                                                Li Hua

铁人中学2019级高三上学期开学考试

英语试题答案

基础词汇

1-5 ABCED    6-10 BCADE    11-15 ACBED     16-20 BCDAE

21-25 ADBCE   25-30AEBCD

阅读理解

31-33 CDB  34-37CDAD  38-41CBAC  42-45DBCA  46-50 EACBG

完形填空

51-55 DBDCA   56-60 CADCD  61-65 BACAA   66-70 BACBD

语法填空

71. reality   72. thirds   73. has built       74. travelling/traveling     75. its

76. However/Nevertheless  77. who       78. led       79. reliable      80. an

改错 

Hi, Jane,

It had been almost half a year since I came to my new school. I think I should share with you one of the problem I have been facing.

As I told you last time, I have made three good friends here. We usual hang out together after school. We've been spending a lot of time singing in KTV. It has really cost me too many. I also think it is a time wasting activity! In fact, I don't want go anymore, but I'm afraid I'll loss their friendship. How do you think I should do? If you are me, would you talk to us?

Please help with me and give me some advice.

【答案】1. had→has   2. problem→problems   3. usual→usually   4. many→much

5. go前加to   6. loss→lose    7. How→What   8. are→were  9. us→them  10. 删去with

参考范文

A meaningful outgoing to the forest park

  Organized by the students' union, we participated in a one-day trip to the Forest Park last Sunday, which intended us to get close to nature and love nature.

At 7 A.M., we started on foot and it took about one and half hours before we reached our destination.During the walk, not only did we breathe the fresh air but also appreciated the fantastic surrounding views. In the Forest Park, the landscape was so attractive that all our stress was relieved.  We had some beautiful pictures taken and enjoyed a wonderful picnic there.

  Thanks to this opportunity to experience nature, this activity rewarded us with an unforgettable memory.