外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 5 Learning from nature学案及答案

这是一份外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 5 Learning from nature学案及答案，共17页。学案主要包含了教材原文，审题谋篇，词汇储备，句型运用，句式升级，串句成文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ. 课文翻译
Ⅱ. 词汇拓展
1. evaluate /ɪ‘væljueɪt/v. 评估, 评价→ evaluatin /ɪ‘vælju’eɪʃn/n. 估计; 评价
2. withdraw /wɪð'drɔ:/v. 退出→ withdrawal /wɪð'drɔ: l/n. 收回; 取回; 撤回; 撤走; 取款
3. depressive /dɪ'presɪv/adj. 抑郁的→ depressin /dɪ'preʃn/n. 沮丧; 消沉; 抑郁症→ depress /dɪ'pres/vt. 使抑郁; 使沮丧; 使萧条
4. purity /'pjʊərɪti/n. 纯洁, 洁净→ pure /pjʊər/adj. 纯的, 纯净的→ purify /'pjʊərɪfaɪ/vt. 净化
5. resign /rɪ'zaɪn/v. 安于, 使自己顺从于(做某事)→ resignatin /'rezɪɡ'neɪʃn/n. 辞职; 辞职信; 顺从
6. reject /rɪ'dʒekt/v. 冷落, 嫌弃; 厌恶→ rejectin /rɪ'dʒekʃn/n. 拒绝, 抵制
7. describe /dɪ'skraɪb/vt.描述, 形容; 把……称为→ descriptin /dɪ'skrɪpʃn/n. 描述, 描写
8. cnsiderable /kən’sɪdərəbɪ/adj.相当多(大、重要等)的→ cnsideratin /kən’sɪdə'reɪʃn/n. 仔细考虑; 必须考虑的因素; 体谅, 顾及→ cnsider /kən’sɪdə(r)/v.考虑; 认为→ cnsiderate /kən’sɪdərət/adj.考虑周到的, 体贴的→ cnsidering /kən’sɪdərɪŋ/prep.考虑到, 鉴于, 就……而言
9. ppsed /ə'pəʊzd/adj. 反对的; 对立的→ ppse /ə'pəʊz/vt. 反对, 抵制, 阻挠; 与……竞争→ ppsite /ə'pəsɪt/adj. 相反的; prep. 在……的对面
10. ease /i: z/n. 舒适, 悠闲→ easement /'i: zmənt/n. 安逸; 安乐
Ⅲ. 情境词块
1.be ppsed t 反对
2.fcus n 关注
3.aim t 目的
4.in return 作为回报
5.reactin t 反应
6.对比 in cntrast t
7.顺从 resign neself t
8.从……退出 withdraw frm
9.闲适 at ease
10.与自然和谐的关系 a harmnius relatinship with nature
Ⅳ. 情境佳句
1.
2.
文本互动·合作探究
文本理解
Reading fr the details.
Chse the best answer accrding t the text.
1.Why did Ta Yuanming quit the service f the curt?
A.Because he was an influential figure f their day.
B.Because he felt cnflicted ver life at curt.
C.Because he wanted t wrk the land.
D.Because he liked living in a rural area.
答案：B
2.Hw did Threau feel abut his life in the frest?
答案：A
3.What did Threau describe in his writings?
A.Fields and and dgs.
C.Animals and and rivers.
答案：C
4.What shuld we d if we want t attain persnal well-being and fulfilment?
A.Live clser t material desires.
C.Walk a lt in the a respect fr nature.
答案：A
激发思维·全程指导
背景导学
通过本栏目的学习, 经过比较、分析并联系自身实际, 积极探索自然和向自然界学习, 深化对单元主题的理解与认识。
文本改写
【教材原文】
The Meaning f Struggle
One day, a man fund the pupa f a butterfly. Seeing an pening in the pupa, he realised that the butterfly was ready t emerge. S he sat dwn and watched as the butterfly struggled t frce its bdy thrugh the little hle. Hwever, minutes passed and the butterfly still culdn’t get ut. The struggle was t hard fr its weak bdy. The man then kindly enlarged the hle in the pupa s that the butterfly culd finally break free. But instead f flying away, it just dragged itself arund weakly, then died. The struggle t break ut f the pupa was necessary fr the butterfly’s survival because it enabled its wings and bdy t grw strng. Withut the struggle, it was t weak t live.
In the same way, we need struggle t grw strng and survive. We must g thrugh sme difficult things if we really wish t spread ur wings and fly.
请将范文改写成一篇80词左右的英文演讲稿。
【审题谋篇】
【词汇储备】
1.愿意做; 为……做准备 be ready t d
2.对……是有困难的 be hard fr
3.打破; 冲破藩篱 break…free
4.同样地; 以同样的方式 in the same way
5.变得强壮 grw strng
【句型运用】
1.今天我要做一个关于“奋斗的意义”的演讲。
Tday I will give a speech abut “The Meaning f Struggle”.
2.曾经有一个人在蛹里看到了一个开口。他意识到蝴蝶就要破茧而出了。
Once a man saw an pening in the pupa and he realised that the butterfly was ready t emerge.
3.他坐下来看着蝴蝶挣扎, 发现蝴蝶虚弱的身体挣扎得太艰难了, 于是他仁慈地把蛹上的洞扩大, 想让它破开, 结果蝴蝶就死了。
He sat dwn and watched the butterfly struggle, and fund the struggle was t hard fr its weak bdy, s he then kindly enlarged the hle t break it free, thus leading t its death.
4.蝴蝶必须努力挣脱蛹, 因为这样才能使翅膀和身体茁壮成长。
The struggle t break ut f the pupa enabled the butterfly’s wings and bdy t grw strng.
5.同样, 我们也需要奋斗才能茁壮成长、生存下去。
Similarly, we als need struggle t grw strng and survive.
6.我们要想展翅飞翔, 就必须经历一些困难。
We must g thrugh sme difficulties if we want t spread ur wings and fly.
【句式升级】
1.用时间状语从句升级句2。
When a man saw an pening in the pupa, he realised that the butterfly was ready t emerge.
2.用分词短语作状语升级句3。
Sitting dwn and watching the butterfly struggle, he fund it was t hard fr its weak bdy, s he then kindly enlarged the hle in the pupa t break it free, thus leading t its death.
【串句成文】
1.将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
Gd mrning, everybdy!
Tday I will give a speech abut “The Meaning f Struggle”. When a man saw an pening in the pupa, he realised that the butterfly was ready t emerge. Sitting dwn and watching the butterfly struggle, he fund it was t hard fr its weak bdy, s he then kindly enlarged the hle in the pupa t break it free, thus leading t its death.
The struggle t break ut f the pupa enabled the butterfly’s wings and bdy t grw strng. Similarly, we als need struggle t grw strng and survive. We must g thrugh sme difficulties if we want t spread ur wings and fly.
Thanks fr yur attentin!
实战演练
假设你是李华, 你们学校要举行一个主题为“Nature is ur best teacher”的英语作文比赛, 请根据你对下图的理解用英语写一篇参赛文章, 内容包括:
1. 简要描述图画内容;
2. 概述图画内容对你的启示。
注意:1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
解析：写作指导
答案：高分范文
Nature is ften regarded as ur best teacher, s it’s nt surprising fr us t draw wisdm frm it. If we carefully bserve and study it, we will take inspiratin frm it. As the picture shws, there are tw birds, ne sleeping while the ther with a wrm in its muth. This presents a well-knwn Chinese idim: The early bird catches the wrm.
The idim reminds us f the imprtance f diligence. Als, it is a metaphr that preparatin plays an imprtant rle n the rad t success. Opprtunities are always fr thse prepared minds. Only when we are well-prepared can we make achievements, attaining ur gals.
高级短语及句式
1. be regarded as 被当作……
2. take inspiratin frm从……中获得灵感
3. Nature is ften regarded as ur best teacher, s it’s nt surprising fr us t draw wisdm frm it. 大自然常常被认为是我们最好的老师, 所以我们从大自然中汲取智慧并不奇怪。
4. Only when we are well-prepared can we make achievements, attaining ur gals. 只有当我们准备充分, 我们才能取得成就, 达到我们的目标。
新知清障·素养构建
核心词汇
1. withdraw v. 退出
Bth men were happy t withdraw frm cntemprary life, seeking a harmnius relatinship with nature in the quietness f their lives. (教材P57)两个人都乐于从当下的生活中抽身而退, 在平静的生活中寻求与自然和谐的关系。
典例翻译
①The general decided t withdraw his sldiers.
那位将军决定撤军。
②He failed t withdraw his remarks and aplgize.
他既没收回言论, 也没道歉。
③He was frced t withdraw frm the cmpetitin due t injury.
由于受伤, 他不得不退出比赛。
④Yu can withdraw mney frm the bank at any time.
您可以随时从银行提款。
归纳拓展
（1）从……退出, 撤回 withdraw frm
从银行取款 withdraw mney frm the bank 收回发言 withdraw a remark
（2） withdrawal n. 收回; 取回; 撤回; 撤退; 撤走; 取款
学以致用
单句填空
①Tell the men t withdraw frm their new psitin.
②I’d like t withdraw 1,000 dllars frm my savings accunt and put it in my cheque accunt.
③He has made several withdrawals （withdrawal）frm his bank accunt.
④It is still unknwn hw many trps Israel will withdraw at the current stage and when it will finish a cmplete withdrawal . （withdraw）
2. resign v. 使自己顺从于（做）某事; 安于; 辞职; 辞去（工作、职位等）
Live in each seasn as it passes; breathe the air, drink the drink, taste the fruit, and resign yurself t the influences f each. （教材P57）好好度过每一个季节, 呼吸（新鲜的）空气, 畅饮（美）酒, 品尝水果, 尽情享受这一切。
典例翻译
①Wilberfrce then resigned frm the gvernment in 1825 and died in 1833.
威尔伯福斯于1825年从政府辞职,1833年去世。
②My father resigned his psitin last year.
我的父亲去年辞去了职务。
③In n situatin shall we resign urselves t ur fate.
在任何情况下, 我们都不能听天由命。
④The mther was unwilling t resign the child t the care f her relatives.
那位母亲不愿意把自己的孩子交给亲戚照看。
归纳拓展
从……辞职 resign frm…
辞去职务 resign ne’s pst/psitin
听任/顺从/只好接受（做）某事 resign neself t （ding）sth.
把……托付给…… resign…t…
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①I resign my sn t yur care while I am away.
②Yu must resign yurselves t waiting （wait）a bit lnger.
③She resigned frm the cmmittee because she needed t take care f her disabled husband.
（2）单句写作
④罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了, 他不得不自己打字。（2020天津卷, 单项选择）
Dr. Rwan, whse secretary resigned tw weeks ag, has had t d all his wn typing.
3. ease n. 舒适, 放松, 悠闲 vt. 减轻（痛苦、忧虑）; 缓和
In tday’s mdern wrld, their ideas abut living simply and being at ease with nature may take us a step clser t attaining persnal well-being and fulfilment. （教材P57）在今天这个现代世界里, 他们关于简单生活和与自然和谐相处的想法, 可能会让我们离获得个人幸福和满足更近一步。
典例翻译
①The mst universal facial expressin is, f curse, the smile-its functin is t shw happiness and put peple at ease.
最通用的面部表情当然是微笑——其作用是表示快乐和使人感到自在。
②My parents are retired and nw live a life f ease.
现在, 我的父母都退休了, 过着安闲舒适的生活。
③He wn first prize in English Spken Cmpetitin with ease.
他轻松地获得英语口语竞赛第一名。
④She is the kind f persn wh can always put thers at ease.
她是那种总是能让人感觉轻松自在的人。
⑤The plan shuld ease the traffic jam in the twn.
这个计划对城里的交通堵塞情况有所缓解。
归纳拓展
舒适; 快活; 自由自在 at ease
感到/看上去心情放松 feel/lk at ease
容易地; 毫不费劲地 with ease
使某人感到轻松自在; 使某人安心 put sb. at ease
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①He handed her a cup f cffee t put her at ease.
②Nw he can put his mind at ease because he has passed the examinatin with ease.
（2）单句写作
③我们每天穿着校服感到轻松自在。（2019江苏卷, 书面表达）
We feel at ease in ur schl unifrms every day.
4. evaluate v. 评估, 评价
A cmparative essay cmpares, cntrasts and evaluates tw r mre tpics. （教材P58）比较类文章比较、对比和评价两个或两个以上的主题。
典例翻译
①I can’t evaluate his ability withut seeing his wrk.
我没有看到他的工作情况, 无法评论他的能力。
②The schl has nly been pen fr six mnths, s it’s hard t evaluate its success nw.
该学校仅开办了六个月, 所以现在还很难估计它的成就。
③Superirs wuld evaluate a plainclthesman(便衣警察) n his dependability.
上级评价一个便衣警察的标准是看他是否忠诚可靠。
④The writer made the evaluatin f evidential matter in tw ways.
作者从两方面对证据进行了评价。
归纳拓展
（1）根据……评价某人 evaluate sb. n/by
（2）evaluatin n. 估计; 评价
对……进行评估 make an evaluatin f
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①We must evaluate her ability n/by her wrk.
②At present, there exist sme prblems in the evaluatin f teachers. Schls shuld perfect the means f evaluatin . (evaluate)
（2）句型转换
③We must evaluate the cnsequences caused by the fire.
→We must make an evaluatin f the cnsequences caused by the fire.
重点句型
现在分词作状语
Bth men were happy t withdraw frm cntemprary life, seeking a harmnius relatinship with nature in the quietness f their lives. (教材P57)两个人都很乐于从当下的生活中抽身而退, 在平静的生活中寻求与自然和谐的关系。
典例翻译
①My cusin went t Shenzhen, hping t find a jb there.
我的表兄去深圳了, 希望在那儿找份工作。
②Hearing the news, they all jumped fr jy.
听到这个消息, 他们都高兴得跳了起来。
③Living far frm the schl, I have t get up early every mrning.
由于住得离学校远, 我必须每天早起。
④Scial psychlgy, strictly speaking, deals with the behavir f peple in grups.
严格地说, 社会心理学研究人们的群体行为。
归纳拓展
（1）现在分词ding所代表的动作或状态与谓语动词是同时或几乎是同时发生的, 可以作时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、让步、伴随等状语。分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。
（2）有些分词作状语, 没有逻辑上的主语, 已成为习惯用法: cnsidering, judging frm, talking f, allwing fr(考虑到), generally/frankly/hnestly/rughly/strictly speaking, assuming that(假设)等。
学以致用
单句填空
① Assuming (assume)that it is true, what shuld we d nw?
② Rushing (rush) ut f the huse, he was kncked dwn by a car.
③The child fell, striking (strike) his head against the dr.
④In the last few years, the cuntry has had a hard time, suffering (suffer) several killer quakes.
⑤ Judging (judge)by the directin f the wind, it wn’t rain tday.
素养达标·迁移创新
Ⅰ. 语境填词
根据语境和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。
1.Lking at it superficially (表面地), it is a gd deal fr the three parties.
2. Rural (乡村的) peple stuck firmly t their ld ways and were suspicius f anything slightly different.
3.Bllywd is a decent (相当好的) refreshing replacement fr thse ver-stimulating Hllywd films.
4.Newly-built wden cttages (乡村小屋) line the street, turning the ld twn int a dreamland.
5.In the dmestic (国内的)market, regins utside Guangdng shuld be paid increasing attentin t.
6.Despite the pr service f the htel, the manager is reluctant (勉强的) t invest in sufficient training fr his staff.
7.The train t Beijing will depart (离开) frm Platfrm 3 in half an hur.
8.The lane (小路) is the bundary between ur land and theirs.
9.The picture shws us atp (在……顶上) a high hill.
10.He attained (获得) success thrugh hard wrk.
Ⅱ. 语境选词
根据语境用方框内短语的正确形式填空。
1. In cntrast t my previus impressin, the atmsphere here is nt tense at all.
2.We can draw sme lessns fr the future frm this accident.
3.I’d like t treat yu t a meal in return fr yur timely help.
4.Yu can’t cntrl what happens but yu can cntrl yur reactin t it.
5.Jhn withdrew frm schl a year befre he graduated due t the incident f his hme.
6.All the trials yu g thrugh will increase yur independence, teach yu a lessn and give yu a wnderful
7.She was nt a wman wh resigned herself t fate, s she gained respect frm thers.
8.With the final exam appraching, we shuld limit ur time n the WeChat and devte urselves t ur study.
9.Venice has lng been described as ne f the mst rmantic cities in the wrld.
10.They asked him t leave; in ther wrds , he was fired.
Ⅲ. 课文语法填空
Althugh separated in time by nearly 1,500 years, bth Ta Yuanming and Henry David Threau 1. (share) an intense respect fr nature. Cnflicted ver life at curt, in 405, Ta quit the service f the curt fr gd, 2. (express) his unhappiness in his pems, finding cntentment in simplicity and drawing pleasure frm nature. 3. (similar), Threau wanted t live in a simpler way, fcusing n 4. (him) and his writing. While they did nt treat nature in quite the same way, their 5. (wrk) shw its beauty and value. Ta’s nature is a place f fields and villages while Threau’s descriptins f nature emphasised the beauty and 6. (pure) f the wild areas arund him. The calm and peaceful life Ta wrte abut is in cntrast t and critical f the depressive curt life. On 7. , Threau’s writing aimed t cnvince peple that animals and plants had a right t live and prsper 8. we d. We shuld live with them in harmny and enjy nature’s gifts. During their times, it tk great curage 9. (reject) the easy and familiar and instead try t live clser t nature. Nwadays, their ideas abut living simply and being at ease with nature are still valued by thse 10. want persnal well-being and fulfilment.
1. shared 2. expressing 3. Similarly 4. himself 5. wrks
6. purity 7. the ther hand 8. as 9. t reject 10. wh教材原文
教材译文
Back t Nature
Ta Yuanming and Henry David Threau were bth pets, but ne lived in Ancient China and the ther in 19th century America. Superficially, these tw men, whse lives were separated in time by nearly 1, 500 years, were plar ppsites. And yet they shared an intense respect fr nature, which made them each an influential figure f their time.
回归大自然
陶渊明和亨利·大卫·梭罗都是诗人, 但是一位生活在古代中国,另一位生活在19世纪的美国。表面上看, 这两个人生活在不同的时代, 相隔近一千五百年, 迥然不同。然而, 他们都非常尊重自然, 这使得他们在各自的时代都成为有影响力的人物。
Bth men made dramatic transfrmatins t their lives in rder t recnnect with nature. As an fficial in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Ta felt cnflicted ver life at curt. In 405, he quit the service f the curt fr gd, expressing his unhappiness in the nw famus line that he wuld nt “bw like a servant in return fr five du f grain”. He spent the next 22 years until his death, wrking the land in a pr, rural area. Frm his petry, we can learn that althugh his life was arduus, he succeeded in finding cntentment in its simplicity and in drawing pleasure frm nature.
为了重归自然, 两人的生活都发生了戏剧性的转变。陶渊明是东晋的官员, 但是对官场生活感到困惑。公元405年, 陶渊明辞去了官职, 以表达他对仕途的不满, 用今天的一句名言形容就是“不为五斗米折腰”。在之后的22年里, 直到生命的尽头, 他躬耕于田野, 生活在清贫的农村。我们可以从他的诗歌中看出, 尽管生活艰苦, 但他从这种简单的生活中成功获得了满足感, 并从大自然中获得了乐趣。
While Ta’s return t nature was a reactin t a lifestyle he was ppsed t, Threau’s was a persnal decisin t transfrm the way he lived. He had a decent quality f life, but he wanted t live in a simpler way. Fr tw years, tw mnths and tw days, he lived in a cttage in the frest n the edge f Walden Pnd, fcusing n himself and his writing. He explained his reasn fr ding s in Walden: “I went t the wds because I wished t live deliberately, t frnt nly the essential facts f life.”Bth men were happy t withdraw frm cntemprary life, seeking a harmnius relatinship with nature in the quietness f their lives.
陶渊明回归大自然是对自己反对的生活方式做出的一种反应, 而梭罗则是出于个人的决定而改变自己的生活方式。虽然梭罗过着体面的生活, 但他希望活得更简单些。两年两个月零两天, 他住在瓦尔登湖边森林里的一间小屋里,专注于自身和写作。他在《瓦尔登湖》中解释了这样做的原因:“我步入丛林, 是因为我希望自由地生活, 只面对生活中的基本事实。”两个人都乐于从当下的生活中抽身而退, 在平静的生活中寻求与自然和谐的关系。
Althugh Ta and Threau d nt treat nature in quite the same way, their wrks shw its beauty and value. Ta’s nature is a place f fields and villages, in ther wrds, rural, and his animals are dmestic nes, such as chickens and dgs. The calm and peaceful life he wrte abut is in cntrast t and critical f the depressive curt life:
尽管陶渊明和梭罗对待自然的方式不同, 但他们的作品都展现了自然的美丽和价值。陶渊明的自然是田野和村庄, 换句话说, 是田园。他的动物们都是家养的, 比如鸡和狗。他描写的平静祥和的生活, 与压抑的官场生活形成鲜明对比, 是对压抑的官场生活的批判:
Beynd the dark and distance lies a village,
The smke abve reluctant t depart.
A dg is barking smewhere dwn the lane,
And chickens sit atp the mulberry tree.
暧暧远人村,
依依墟里烟。
狗吠深巷中,
鸡鸣桑树颠。
Threau’s descriptins f nature emphasised the beauty and purity f the wild areas arund him. Devting himselft bservatins f the natural phenmena, he recrded his detailed findings in his jurnals. Threau’s writing aimed t cnvince peple that animals and plants had a right t live and prsper, as we d. We shuld live with them in harmny and enjy nature’s gifts, as he describes in his jurnals:
梭罗在描述自然时, 重点描绘了他周围原野的美丽与纯粹。他全身心投入到观察自然现象中, 并在日记中详细地记录了自己的发现。梭罗的写作意在使人们信服, 动物和植物就像我们人类一样都有生存和繁荣的权利。我们应该与它们和谐共处, 享受大自然的恩赐, 正如他在日记中描述的那样：
Live in each seasn as it passes; breathe the air, drink the drink, taste the fruit, and resign yurself t the influences f each. Let them be yur nly diet, drink and btanical medicines.
好好度过每一个季节, 呼吸新鲜的空气, 畅饮美酒, 品尝水果,尽情享受这一切。让生活中只有饮食和草药。
It takes cnsiderable curage t reject the easy and familiar and instead try t live clser t nature, as bth Ta and Threau did. Their chices led them t quiet and reflective lives with fewer material desires. In tday’s mdern wrld, their ideas abut living simply and being at ease with nature may take us a step clser t attaining persnal well-being and fulfilment.
像陶渊明和梭罗那样, 拒绝简单熟悉的事物, 转而尝试亲近大自然, 这需要相当大的勇气。他们的选择使他们过上了平静而沉思的生活, 物质欲望减少了。在今天这个现代世界, 他们关于简单生活和与自然和谐相处的想法, 可能会让我们离获得个人幸福和满足感更近一步。
句型公式
while连接并列分句, 表对比
教材原句
WhileTa’s return t nature was a reactin t a lifestyle he was ppsed t, Threau’s was a persnal decisin t transfrm the way he lived. 陶渊明回归大自然是对自己反对的生活方式做出的一种反应, 而梭罗则是出于个人的决定而改变自己的生活方式。
中文例句
汤姆很擅长理科, 而他的兄弟绝对是不可救药。
句式仿写
While Tm’s very gd at science, his brther is abslutely hpeless.
句型公式
现在分词作状语
教材原句
Bth men were happy t withdraw frm cntemprary life,seekinga harmnius relatinship with nature in the quietness f their lives. 两个人都乐于从当下的生活中抽身而退, 在平静的生活中寻求与自然和谐的关系。
中文例句
他集中精力学习, 没有注意到我进来。
句式仿写
Cncentrating his attentin n his study, he didn’t ntice me cming in.
体裁
议论文
人称
第一、三人称
时态
以一般现在时为主
要点
第一段: 介绍图画, 引出主题第二段: 图画内容的启示
in return fr; draw…frm; reactin t; withdraw frm; resign neself t; be described as; in ther wrds; in cntrast t; devte neself t; g thrugh