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这是一份全书学业质量水平检测(二)-2022版英语选择性必修第三册人教版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析），共33页。
全书学业质量水平检测(二)
2021山东滨州高二下期中考试
(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
With 60 miles of canals and nearly 7,000 buildings dating from the 18th century or earlier, Amsterdam is one of Europe's best preserved cities. Here are some of our favorites.
The Concertgebouw
A free classical concert in one of the world's greatest concert halls? Sounds too good to be true, but every Wednesday at lunchtime that's exactly what's on offer at the Concertgebouw. The latest series just started up again this month and will run through June. You can pick up a free ticket (one per person) on the day of the show starting at 11:30 a.m.; the concert takes place from 12:30 p.m. to 1 p.m.
The Rijksmuseum Gardens
Take a walk in the beautiful formal gardens of the Rijksmuseum, which are dotted with fascinating artworks. There's a life-size chessboard, a fountain by contemporary Danish artist Jeppe Hein, and post-war climbing frames by architect Aldo van Eyck. The gardens also host sculpture exhibitions—currently there are 21 sculptures on show by the Spanish artist Joan Miró until October 11.
The Muziektheater
This important opera, dance and music venue has free weekly lunchtime concerts by top performers on Tuesdays from 12:30 p.m. to 1 p.m. in the entrance hall, from September to May. Once or twice a month, the concert is followed by a free tour of the theater—check the website for details.
The Central Library
At the Netherlands' biggest library, the Centrale Bibliotheek, you can read the international papers for free, and while Wi-Fi isn't completely free, you can purchase 30 minutes for little more than a dollar by using one of the ticket machines. Upstairs on the 7th floor there is a café with a balcony that boasts wonderful city views.
1.Which one would you prefer if you have a taste for artworks?
A.The Concertgebouw.
B.The Muziektheater.
C.The Rijksmuseum Gardens.
D.The Central Library.
2.What can you do before your visit to the Muziektheater?
A.Enjoy classical music at the Concertgebouw.
B.Attend the free weekly lunchtime concert.
C.Visit sculpture exhibitions of Joan Miró.
D.Take a walk in the Rijksmuseum Gardens.
3.What is special about the Central Library?
A.Wi-Fi in it is free to use.
B.You can get a fantastic view of the city.
C.It is the biggest library in the world.
D.Newspapers at home and abroad are free to read.
B
(2020贵州遵义凤岗二中高二上第一次月考)
Cruz Genet, 11, and Anthony Skopick, 10, couldn't agree whether the birds out on the ice were ducks or geese. So on a cold January evening last year, the two friends ventured(敢于去) into the frozen pond near their homes in Frankfort, Illinois, to get a better look. “First, we threw a rock onto the ice to test it,” Cruz told NBC 5 Chicago. “Then we stepped on it.” Convinced the ice would hold their weight, Anthony took a few steps, but then he fell through the seemingly frozen surface.
Cruz rushed to help his panicked friend. However, the pond swallowed him, too. Cruz managed to lift himself out of the extremely cold water and onto a more solid section. He then gingerly worked his way toward Anthony. But the ice didn't hold, and he fell in again. This time, he couldn't get out.
The boys were in icy water up to their necks and quickly losing feeling. Any chance of their freeing themselves was slipping away. Cruz was sure that he was going to die.
Anthony's older sister had seen the boys fall through the ice and started screaming, wishing someone to save them.
John Lavin, a neighbor driving nearby on his way to the grocery store, heard her. He quickly pulled over. Seeing the boys, he grabbed a nearby lifebuoy(救生圈), kicked off his shoes, and ran into the cold water, struggling his way through the ice. Lavin made his way to Cruz and Anthony and pulled them back to land.
The boys were taken to the hospital, where doctors discovered that their five-minute stay in the water had lowered their body temperature nearly ten degrees. Fortunately, they had fully recovered, though they were still a little amazed by their fearless neighbor. “Just to think,” said Cruz, “if he hadn't been there, I could have died.”
4.Why did the boys venture into the frozen pond?
A.To have a better look at the frozen pond.
B.To catch the birds in the pond with rocks.
C.To find out what the birds on the ice were.
D.To test the thickness of the ice in the pond.
5.What does the underlined word “gingerly” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A.Casually. B.Proudly.
C.Firmly. D.Cautiously.
6.What drew John Lavin's attention to the boys?
A.Anthony's older sister's cry for help.
B.Cruz's loud and frightening scream.
C.Their shoes along the nearby pond.
D.Their neighbors' pulling them back.
7.Which of the following words can best describe John Lavin?
A.Hard-working and helpful.
B.Warm-hearted and courageous.
C.Curious and selfless.
D.Active and generous.
C
Engineers in Upstate New York have invented a folded paper device that looks like a decorated art project. But don't be fooled. This is actually a paper-based battery. No, it doesn't look like any of those metal batteries running flashlights or smartphones. In these systems, the battery can be printed on a page. The battery's power consists of living bacteria.
Paper electronics are simple to make and inexpensive, notes study leader Seokheun Choi, an engineer at Binghamton University. They need no electrical outlet to recharge. They just need more bacteria, which can be found everywhere—including dirty water.
“Most batteries use chemicals to generate electricity. Substituting bacteria can be an advantage,” Choi says.“They are cheap and self-repairing.” What paper-based batteries won't do is generate much power. They do, however, create enough to run small devices in faraway or dangerous places—such as a battlefield. They might also find use in medicine. For instance, they might power tiny sensors, such as the types used to measure blood sugar.
This invention is based on an observation made more than a century ago—that microbes (微生物) produce electricity as they digest food. Scientists refer to the bio-batteries based on this principle as microbial fuel cells. A fuel cell generates electricity like a regular battery. But a regular battery stops producing electricity when its inner chemical reactions stop. A fuel cell uses fuel that can be refilled. In this case, bacteria serve as the fuel. By refilling more microbes, as needed, scientists can keep these fuel cells running.
Lab tests have shown that the new battery can produce a current. Now, Choi and his team are looking for ways to increase the power. They're studying different shapes and materials for the anode and cathode (正负 极). They're also looking for the best ways to combine batteries for more power. The beauty of the paper devices is that you can simply fold them to connect them. And they surely will be a trend in the near future.
8.What makes the paper-based batteries different from other batteries?
A.They are mainly used to run smartphones.
B.They use bacteria to generate electricity.
C.They are used to decorate small devices.
D.They take a much shorter time to recharge.
9.What can the paper-based batteries do?
A.Power tiny devices.
B.Lower blood sugar levels.
C.Produce much electricity.
D.Change chemicals in the paper.
10.What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?
A.The application of the new battery.
B.The characteristics of the paper-based batteries.
C.The intention to invent the device.
D.The working principle of the invention.
11.What is the author's attitude towards the development of the paper-based batteries?
A.Defensive. B.Optimistic.
C.Doubtful. D.Ambiguous.
D
While we know that language first appeared among Homo sapiens (智人) somewhere thousands of years ago, the secret to how language evolved is still unknown, and mainstream theories fall into two distinctly different camps.
One widely held theory is that language came about as an evolutionary adaptation. That was where the idea of natural selection came into play, which was the belief that the specific physical features of a population made that population more likely to survive its environment, like the turtle (海龟) and its shell. On one hand, humans needed to communicate with each other in order to hunt,farm and defend themselves successfully from the severe environment. Being able to communicate by using language gave the human species a distinct survival advantage. On the other hand, language was needed for social interaction, according to those who subscribed to the adaptation theory.
In their paper Natural Language and Natural Selection, researchers Steven Pinker and Paul Bloom theorized that a series of calls or gestures evolved over time into combinations, giving us complex communication, or language. As things became more complicated around them,humans needed a more complex system to convey information to one another. Early man saw a group of deer he wanted to hunt. He made a sound to his hunting partner that means “deer are nearby.” One day,a storm came in and the hunter noticed that thunder scared the deer away. As a result, the hunter went hungry until the storm passed. Over time, the same hunter also learned to recognize the warning signs for bad weather—dark skies and increased wind. Early man realized that when the sky darkened and the wind picked up, he needed to tell his hunting partner to speed up the pursuit of the deer. Therefore, he came up with a series of sounds that refer to both the deer and the bad weather. That series of sounds was the beginning of an evolutionary adaptation that eventually became language.
As humans learned more about how to best survive, they developed a need to convey these survival methods to their population. To be brief, that's the adaptation theory.
12.What is the text mainly about?
A.The evolution of language.
B.The paper on natural selection.
C.The differences between theories.
D.The introduction to human reproduction.
13.Why are the turtle and its shell mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A.To show the mystery of nature.
B.To support the evolutionary adaptation.
C.To stress the advantage of the turtle's shell.
D.To encourage people to study natural selection.
14.How does the author explain the adaptation theory in Paragraph 3?
A.By comparing.
B.By listing data.
C.By carrying out a survey.
D.By giving an example.
15.What will the author most probably tell us next?
A.The exact place where humans came from.
B.The other theory of how language evolved.
C.The reasons why animals cannot form language.
D.The methods of humans' shaping non-verbal thinking.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Choose Your Purpose-Filled Career
When you think about choosing a career, you often do it in the following two ways.
16 . If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things. This is not a bad way to go, of course, but you can't always make money doing things you like (like video games or drinking beer). And sometimes things you like are better as a hobby or side passion.
Think about a well-paid job that you can do and doesn't sound so bad. Maybe a doctor, engineer or lawyer? Or maybe that's out of your educational reach, so you choose office or retail worker. 17 , but often they are not something you're really passionate about. It's kind of like just doing something because it's there—not very inspired.
However, there's another way that is perhaps better: 18 . For example, take care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or get into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or become a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease. 19 , and if you choose one of them for that purpose, you will serve in that work feeling a sense of purpose each day.
There are endless ways to do that. The point isn't how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purposes. 20 .
A.These are all great choices
B.Think about what you like to do
C.You can identify your purpose and work out how to get there
D.Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purposes
E.Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better
F.The sooner you complete the training requirements, the sooner you will make a living
G.If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you're always further along than most people
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was driving into my little town in Newlands when I blew a tyre. Fortunately almost outside our local garage, unfortunately after 5 pm it was 21 .
There was a young couple sitting in the open door of their 22 in the garage's car park, with the hood (折叠式车篷) up, looking a bit 23 . I knew I had a spare tyre in the 24 of my car but no tools, and I was pretty unconfident with the old tyre's 25 anyway. So I was sort of 26 wondering what to do next when the guy 27 next to me and asked if I 28 a hand with the tyre.
I was so grateful, and he 29 out some basic tools quickly and got things started. It turned out that they were on a tour around the country and their truck had just 30 from something expensive and slow to fix. Thus, they were forced to 31 in the car park of the garage that night.
Well, he fixed my wheel up lovely and I took them both home to my cottage, to a homemade 32 and apple cakes and a cosy little spare room, and 33 them back into town the next day.
What was a pain in the trouble for all of us 34 into a fun night of laughter and good food and nice company because they generously offered a 35 hand to a lady meeting with difficulties.
21.A.declined B.fined C.closed D.cancelled
22.A.car B.truck C.home D.room
23.A.disappointed B.confident
C.considerate D.guilty
24.A.center B.foot C.back D.side
25.A.record B.change C.choice D.use
26.A.excitedly B.enthusiastically
C.sensitively D.awkwardly
27.A.popped up B.backed off
C.opened up D.took off
28.A.raised B.needed C.put D.had
29.A.looked B.let C.figured D.took
30.A.fled B.come C.died D.made
31.A.sleep B.skip C.eat D.respond
32.A.party B.vase C.pond D.meal
33.A.dropped B.led C.invited D.seized
34.A.broke B.crashed C.turned D.ran
35.A.shaking B.waving C.striking D.helping
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The China National Space Administration made public the first high-definition pictures of Mars taken by the nation's spacecraft.
The pictures, two black-and-white and one color, 36 (shoot) recently by China's Tianwen 1 robotic probe when the spacecraft was travelling in Mars orbit.
The first photograph, a black-and-white image, was taken by 37 obstacle avoidance camera in front of the Mars rover. The second image, a color photo was taken by the navigation camera 38 (fit) to the back part of the rover and the red soil and rocks on the Martian surface are clearly visible in the image.
Tianwen 1, the country's first independent Mars mission, has 39 (successful) landed on the surface of Mars, marking a historic achievement in China's space endeavors.
40 practice, China made its early breakthroughs in rocket and space technologies with its own scientists, engineers and scientific workers 41 (start)from the 1960s under very difficult conditions 42 the country remained largely a backward 43 (agriculture)country. However, the country has made the most of what it had, making numerous 44 (effort)to move forward in the cause. Thanks to the hard work and even numerous sacrifices of generations of scientific workers, China 45 (achieve) one milestone after another, including manned space flights, lunar exploration, and its BeiDou Navigation Satellite System.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是李华,你们年级下周要举办一次主题为“展望未来新生活”的英语演讲比赛,请根据以下内容,通过合理想象,写一篇演讲稿。包括:
1.太空、海洋探索;
2.人工智能开发;
3.材料的回收利用等。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已经为你写好,不计入总词数。
Good afternoon, boys and girls!
I feel honored to be here to share my views on life in the future.
Thanks for listening!
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On Christmas Eve, seventy-three-year-old George selected his food carefully. Skim milk was $2.99, white bread 89 cents with a 10-cent discount. Leaving the cashier, he calculated that he had saved 80 cents today.
At the exit, the wind reminded him of his gloves. “Where are they?” Not in the coat pockets. Not in the grocery bag either. He was sure he was wearing them when he entered the store. He clearly remembered putting them into the pocket of this coat. George made a second thorough search of all his pockets, again including the grocery bag. Now he was sure they must have been dropped somewhere inside the store.
Old George had bought the black leather gloves at a 25% discount, for just $35.00 ten years ago. They were soft and warm and very durable. He had taken care not to let a drop of water or rain touch his expensive gloves, so they looked like new. Losing this favorite possession was almost like losing a child to him.
George, calm on the outside but nervous inside, re-entered the store. He followed the same route he had walked before, starting from the bread counter, to the milk section, the corner where salt and sugar were placed, then the rest of the store. Several minutes of anxious searching turned out to be in vain. He asked the customers whether they saw a pair of black leather gloves, but they said no. Then he went over to the cashier without hesitation to ask if she had received any lost gloves, but only received the same answer. His heart grew heavier.
“Society has changed, and people have changed,” he murmured to himself. “Years ago, if somebody picked up something lost, they would give it back. Now a good action is lost.”
Yet he did not give up hope. He started to stare at anybody wearing black gloves to see if they looked like his. The first two persons he saw did wear gloves, but one was women's and the other not black.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Suddenly, he found a man looking like a lawyer, wearing black leather gloves.
Paragraph 2:
During the whole holiday, he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair.
答案全解全析
全书学业质量水平检测(二)
1.C
2.B
3.D
4.C
5.D
6.A
7.B
8.B
9.A
10.D
11.B
12.A
13.B
14.D
15.B
16.B
17.A
18.E
19.D
20.G
21.C
22.B
23.A
24.C
25.B
26.D
27.A
28.B
29.D
30.C
31.A
32.D
33.A
34.C
35.D
36.were shot 37.an 38.fitted 39.successfully 40.In
41.starting 42.when 43.agricultural 44.efforts
45.has achieved
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了阿姆斯特丹最受喜欢的几个建筑。
1.C 细节理解题。根据Rijksmuseum Gardens部分第一句“Take a walk in the beautiful formal gardens of the Rijksmuseum, which are dotted with fascinating artworks.”可知,如果你对艺术品有兴趣,你会偏爱Rijksmuseum Gardens。
2.B 推理判断题。根据The Muziektheater部分可知,从9月到5月,这个重要的歌剧、舞蹈和音乐场馆每周二下午12:30到下午1点在门厅举行由顶级表演者主持的免费午餐音乐会。每个月一到两次,音乐会之后会有免费参观剧院的机会——详情可在网站上查询。也就是说在你参观Muziektheater之前,你可以参加每周一次的免费午餐音乐会。
3.D 细节理解题。根据The Central Library部分第一句中的“At the Netherlands' biggest library, the Centrale Bibliotheek, you can read the international papers for free”可知,在中央图书馆国内外报纸都可以免费阅读。
【高频词汇】 1.date from追溯到 2.preserve v.保护,保留 3.classical adj.古典的 4.contemporary adj.当代的 5.architect n.建筑师 6.exhibition n.展览 7.currently adv.目前,当前
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了两位少年因为想弄清冰面上的鸟是什么鸟而跑到冰面上,却不幸掉进冰水里,幸而他们的一位邻居勇敢相助,救了他们的性命的故事。
4.C 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句...whether the birds out on the ice were ducks or geese.和第二句中的to get a better look可知应选C。
5.D 词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句中的he fell through the seemingly frozen surface可知,冰面只是看上去冻住了。又根据画线词所在句的上一句Cruz managed to lift himself out of the extremely cold water and onto a more solid section.可知,Cruz好不容易使自己从极其冰冷的水里浮出来,爬上了一个(冰面)较坚固的地方,所以可推断画线词表示他应该是很小心地朝着Anthony的方向走去。cautiously谨慎地;小心翼翼地。故选D。casually随便地;proudly自豪地;firmly坚定地。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的Anthony's older sister had seen the boys fall through the ice and started screaming以及第五段第一句John Lavin, a neighbor driving nearby on his way to the grocery store, heard her.可知,是Anthony的姐姐的尖叫声让他注意到了这两个孩子,故选A。
7.B 推理判断题。根据全文可知,邻居John Lavin冒着生命危险救了两个掉进冰水里的少年,所以可以推断他是一个热心和勇敢的人,故选B。
【高频词汇】
1.convinced adj.坚信的,确信的 2.seemingly adv.表面上;看上去 3.swallow v.吞没 4.slip away溜走 5.grab v.抓住
6.struggle one's way through挣扎着前进
长难句分析
原句 Convinced the ice would hold their weight, Anthony took a few steps, but then he fell through the seemingly frozen surface.
分析 本句是并列复合句,but连接前后两个并列分句。Convinced...weight作原因状语,Convinced后是省略了that的宾语从句。
句意 确信冰(面)能承受他们的重量,Anthony走了几步,但接着他就从看似冻结的冰面上掉了下去。
C
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了纸基电池的原理,这种电池可以通过微生物进行充电,同时,该电池也可以运用在医学方面,如测试血糖等。
8.B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“They need no electrical outlet to recharge. They just need more bacteria, which can be found everywhere—including dirty water.”可知,这种电池是不需要外接发电设备进行充电的,只需要更多的细菌就可以充电了,这是该电池与传统电池的不同之处。
9.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“What paper-based batteries won't do is generate much power. They do, however, create enough to run small devices in faraway or dangerous places”可知,纸基电池不会储存很多的电量,但这些电量还是能支持一些在远处或危险地方的小型设备的。
10.D 主旨大意题。第四段主要介绍了纸基电池的工作原理,D项符合文意。
11.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“The beauty of the paper devices is that you can simply fold them to connect them. And they surely will be a trend in the near future.”可知,作者用beauty一词来描述该设备,并指出它们在不久的将来会成为一种趋势,所以作者对该设备持一种乐观的态度。defensive保守的;optimistic乐观的;doubtful怀疑的;ambiguous不明确的。B项符合文意。
【高频词汇】 1.device n.设备,装备 2.battery n.电池
3.consist of由……组成 4.generate v.产生,形成 5.be based on以……为基础 6.observation n.观察 7.current n.(电、水、气)流;趋势 adj.现在的;流行的
D
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了语言是如何进化的。
12.A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了语言是如何进化的。
13.B 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句That was where the idea of natural selection came into play, which was the belief that the specific physical features of a population made that population more likely to survive its environment, like the turtle (海龟) and its shell.可知,作者提到海龟和龟壳是为了支持本段的中心论点:语言是作为一种进化适应而产生的。
14.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的As things became more complicated around them,humans needed a more complex system to convey information to one another...Therefore, he came up with a series of sounds that refer to both the deer and the bad weather.可知,作者描述一个打猎的场景来说明语言的进化,即用举例的方式来解释适应理论。
15.B 推理判断题。第一段中的mainstream theories fall into two distinctly different camps指出,主流理论分为两个截然不同的阵营。作者在二、三、四段介绍了其中的一种理论。由此推知,作者接下来最可能会告诉我们另一种语言进化理论。
【高频词汇】 1.evolve v.进化,演变 2.adaptation n.适应;改编 3.distinct adj.明显的;有区别的 4.survive v.生存;幸存;比……活的时间长 5.social interaction 社会互动
6.subscribe to同意,赞同 7.speed up加速 8.convey v.传递
长难句分析
原句 That was where the idea of natural selection came into play, which was the belief that the specific physical features of a population made that population more likely to survive its environment, like the turtle and its shell.
分析 本句为主从复合句。where引导表语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句,从句中the belief为表语,其后为that引导的同位语从句。
句意 那就是自然选择的想法开始起作用的地方,即人们相信种群的特定物理特征使该种群更有可能幸存于其环境中,例如海龟及其龟壳。
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文,介绍了如何选择对你富有意义的职业。
16.B 上文指出当你考虑择业时,你通常会用以下两种方法。这说明接下来将会分别介绍两种选择职业的方法。B项Think about what you like to do(想想你喜欢做什么)承接了上文,也和下文If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things.对应。
17.A 上文介绍了一些可能的职业选择。下文but often they are not something you're really passionate about(但它们往往不是你真正感兴趣的事情)表示转折,说明空格处讲的是对这些职业的总结和概括。A项“These are all great choices(这些都是很好的选择) 承上启下。
18.E 上文“However, there's another way that is perhaps better(然而,还有另一种可能更好的方法)”说明接下来要讲另一种选择职业的办法。E项“Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better(试着做些事情来服务社区或者让世界变得更好)”承上启下,符合语境。
19.D 下文说了有目的地选择职业的好处。D项“Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purposes(这其中的每一种都只是众多充满目的的可能性中的一种)”中的purpose和下文中的that purpose相呼应,说明选择这些职业就会充满目的性。
20.G 上文说了选择一些有目的的工作带给你目标感。G项“If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you're always further along than most people(如果你选择了一份有目的且有趣的工作,你总是比大多数人走得更远)”进一步说明选择一份有目的的工作带给你的意义,符合语境。
【高频词汇】 1.well-paid adj.高薪的 2.educational adj.教育的;有教育意义的 3.be passionate about 对……热情
4.crisis n.危机 5.cure n.疗法;治疗 6.requirement n.要求,必要条件
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。作者路上不幸轮胎爆了,自己既没有工具,又不太会更换轮胎,这时有两位好心人热心帮助,作者盛情款待二人来回报他们的帮助。
21.C 根据前文“I blew a tyre”以及“Fortunately almost outside our local garage, unfortunately”可知,作者的轮胎爆了,不幸的是修理厂关门了。decline减少,谢绝;fine罚款;close关闭;cancel取消。
22.B 根据第三段中的“their truck had just 30 from something expensive and slow to fix”可知,这里指卡车。car小汽车;truck卡车;home家;room房间。
23.A 基于前文的分析,修理厂已经停止营业,需要修的车还没有修好,所以有点儿失望。disappointed失望的;confident自信的;considerate体贴的;guilty内疚的。
24.C 作者有一个备用轮胎在车后面,但没有工具,而且作者对旧轮胎的改换很不自信。center中心;foot脚下;back后部;side边,侧。
25.B 根据前文“I blew a tyre”可知,作者的轮胎爆了,需要改换轮胎。record记录;change改换;choice选择;use用途。
26.D 所以作者有点尴尬地琢磨下一步该做什么,这时一个人突然出现在作者旁边,问作者是否需要帮忙处理轮胎。excitedly兴奋地;enthusiastically热情地;sensitively敏感地;awkwardly尴尬地,笨拙地。
27.A 根据语境以及后文“next to me and asked if I 28 a hand with the tyre”可知,作者正在困境中,这时一个小伙子突然出现,伸出援助之手。pop up突然出现; back off退出;open up打开; take off起飞,脱下,取得成功。
28.B 基于前文的分析可知,作者的轮胎爆了,自己没有工具并且也不太会改换轮胎,所以来人询问作者是不是需要帮忙。raise提高,升起;need需要;put放置;have有。
29.D 作者很感激,他很快拿出一些基本的工具,开始了工作。look看;let让;figure计算;take拿。
30.C 结果发现,他们在全国各地旅游,他们的卡车刚刚因一些昂贵且维修缓慢的东西而停止运转。flee逃离;come来;die死亡,停止运转;make制造。
31.A 于是,他们当晚要被迫睡在修理厂的停车场里。sleep睡觉;skip跳过;eat吃;respond回应。
32.D 根据前文“I took them both home to my cottage, to a homemade”以及后文“and apple cakes”可知,这里指,吃了一顿家常饭。party宴会;vase花瓶;pond池塘;meal一顿饭。
33.A 根据语境以及后文“them back into town the next day”可知,作者第二天把他们送回城里。drop sb to/into...“送某人去……”符合句意。 lead引导;invite邀请;seize抓住。
34.C 对根据前文“Well, he fixed my wheel up lovely”可知,作者轮胎爆了,结果遇到好心人帮助修好了,所以说,困境中的痛苦变成了欢笑。break摔断;crash碰撞;turn转变,变成;run跑。
35.D 根据前文“next to me and asked if I 28 a hand with the tyre”以及“Well, he fixed my wheel up lovely”可知,作者轮胎爆了,结果遇到好心人帮助修好了,所以说,他们慷慨地向一位遇到困难的女士伸出了援助之手。 a helping hand援助之手。shake摇动;wave挥舞;strike打击。
【高频词汇】 1.spare adj.备用的;闲置的;空闲的 2.be forced to do 被迫做…… 3.fix v.修理,安装 4.cosy adj.舒适的,惬意的 5.generously adv.大方地
长难句分析
原句 It turned out that they were on a tour around the country and their truck had just died from something expensive and slow to fix.
分析 本句为主从复合句。句中It作形式主语,turned out后为that引导的主语从句。主语从句为由第一个and连接的并列句。
句意 结果发现,他们在全国各地旅游,他们的卡车刚刚因一些昂贵且维修缓慢的东西而停止运转。
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。不久前中国展示了天问一号拍摄的火星高清照片,这是中国航天史上又一次巨大的突破,也是中国人几十年不懈努力的见证。
36.were shot 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析可知,空格处为谓语动词,主语为The pictures,天问一号拍摄图片这件事情发生在过去,需用一般过去时,动词shoot与主语之间是被动关系,故填were shot。
37.an 考查冠词。此处指避障相机中的一台,需用不定冠词表示泛指,obstacle以元音音素开头,故用an。
38.fitted 考查过去分词。空格处为后置定语,修饰 the navigation camera,fit与其是被动关系,故用过去分词。
39.successfully 考查副词。此处用副词successfully修饰谓语动词has landed。
40.In 考查介词。in practice意为“实际上”。
41.starting 考查现在分词。分析可知,句子的主语为China,谓语动词为made,所以空格处为非谓语动词。start与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。
42.when 考查定语从句。先行词为the 1960s,关系词在从句中作时间状语,故用关系副词when。
43.agricultural 考查形容词。设空处修饰名词country,故用形容词agricultural。
44.efforts 考查名词的数。numerous意为“许多的”,相当于many,此处表示经过了许多的努力,effort应用复数形式。
45.has achieved 考查时态和主谓一致。结合下文including manned space flights, lunar exploration, and its BeiDou Navigation Satellite System 可知,中国已经实现了一个又一个的成就,需用现在完成时,主语为China,故填has achieved。
【高频词汇】 1.high-definition adj.高清的 2.image n.图像,形象 3.visible adj.看得见的 4.independent adj.独立的
5.mission n.任务,使命 6.breakthrough n.突破 7.numerous adj.很多的;数量大的 8.milestone n.划时代的事件;里程碑
长难句分析
原句 In practice, China made its early breakthroughs in rocket and space technologies with its own scientists, engineers and scientific workers starting from the 1960s under very difficult conditions when the country remained largely a backward agricultural country.
分析 本句为主从复合句。主语为China,谓语动词为made,宾语为breakthroughs;in rocket and space technologies with its own scientists, engineers and scientific workers为介词短语;starting from...为分词作状语,其中包含一个when引导的定语从句,修饰先行词the 1960s。
句意 实际上,从20世纪60年代开始,中国凭借自己的科学家、工程师和科学工作者,在火箭和空间技术方面取得了早期的突破,当时中国在很大程度上仍然是一个落后的农业国家。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Good afternoon, boys and girls!
I feel honored to be here to share my views on life in the future. With the rapid development of high technology, our life has changed a lot. Many things that wouldn't happen before have come into reality. Therefore, our life will change as well in the future.
Perhaps some people will have the alternative to go to the moon for a holiday or live under the sea, which will make their life interesting and colorful. Besides, in the future maybe each family will rely on robots to do housework. What's more, all the materials can be recycled and nothing will be wasted. Our environment will be much better.
I believe life in the future must be wonderful and exciting, so I'll try my best to work hard for a better future life.
Thanks for listening!
第二节
写作指导
故事
要素
Time
on Christmas Eve
Place
in a store
Who
George
What
Seventy-three-year-old George bought goods in a store but at the exit he found his gloves was lost.
情节
Period 1
Seventy-three-year-old George selected discounted goods in a store.
Period 2
At the exit, he found his gloves gone and nowhere were they found.
Period 3
He re-entered the store to look for his gloves but without luck. After that he began to stare at anybody wearing black gloves.
续写
方向
Para. 1
Suddenly, he found a man looking like a lawyer, wearing black leather gloves.
①询问律师是他的手套吗?
②如何继续寻找?
Para. 2
During the whole holiday, he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair.
①为什么要买一副新手套?
②他的手套找到了吗?
③事情的结果怎么样?
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
Suddenly, he found a man looking like a lawyer, wearing black leather gloves. Abrupt as it might seem, George came up without hesitation and asked if they were his, but there came a disappointing answer. On second thought, he realized nobody would be so foolish as to wear them right inside the store. He had no other alternative but to ask the cashier to keep them in case the lost gloves were found. Then he dragged his legs towards the exit.
Paragraph 2:
During the whole holiday, he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair. After all, in deep winter, he could not do things without gloves. Finally, poor George decided to buy another pair of leather gloves. With the last ray of hope, he stepped into the store again. No sooner had he opened the door than the cashier told him there was indeed one such pair as he lost. After examining them carefully, he was wild with joy, expressing sincere gratitude and saying to himself that a good action was never lost.
全书学业质量水平检测(二)
2021山东滨州高二下期中考试
(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
With 60 miles of canals and nearly 7,000 buildings dating from the 18th century or earlier, Amsterdam is one of Europe's best preserved cities. Here are some of our favorites.
The Concertgebouw
A free classical concert in one of the world's greatest concert halls? Sounds too good to be true, but every Wednesday at lunchtime that's exactly what's on offer at the Concertgebouw. The latest series just started up again this month and will run through June. You can pick up a free ticket (one per person) on the day of the show starting at 11:30 a.m.; the concert takes place from 12:30 p.m. to 1 p.m.
The Rijksmuseum Gardens
Take a walk in the beautiful formal gardens of the Rijksmuseum, which are dotted with fascinating artworks. There's a life-size chessboard, a fountain by contemporary Danish artist Jeppe Hein, and post-war climbing frames by architect Aldo van Eyck. The gardens also host sculpture exhibitions—currently there are 21 sculptures on show by the Spanish artist Joan Miró until October 11.
The Muziektheater
This important opera, dance and music venue has free weekly lunchtime concerts by top performers on Tuesdays from 12:30 p.m. to 1 p.m. in the entrance hall, from September to May. Once or twice a month, the concert is followed by a free tour of the theater—check the website for details.
The Central Library
At the Netherlands' biggest library, the Centrale Bibliotheek, you can read the international papers for free, and while Wi-Fi isn't completely free, you can purchase 30 minutes for little more than a dollar by using one of the ticket machines. Upstairs on the 7th floor there is a café with a balcony that boasts wonderful city views.
1.Which one would you prefer if you have a taste for artworks?
A.The Concertgebouw.
B.The Muziektheater.
C.The Rijksmuseum Gardens.
D.The Central Library.
2.What can you do before your visit to the Muziektheater?
A.Enjoy classical music at the Concertgebouw.
B.Attend the free weekly lunchtime concert.
C.Visit sculpture exhibitions of Joan Miró.
D.Take a walk in the Rijksmuseum Gardens.
3.What is special about the Central Library?
A.Wi-Fi in it is free to use.
B.You can get a fantastic view of the city.
C.It is the biggest library in the world.
D.Newspapers at home and abroad are free to read.
B
(2020贵州遵义凤岗二中高二上第一次月考)
Cruz Genet, 11, and Anthony Skopick, 10, couldn't agree whether the birds out on the ice were ducks or geese. So on a cold January evening last year, the two friends ventured(敢于去) into the frozen pond near their homes in Frankfort, Illinois, to get a better look. “First, we threw a rock onto the ice to test it,” Cruz told NBC 5 Chicago. “Then we stepped on it.” Convinced the ice would hold their weight, Anthony took a few steps, but then he fell through the seemingly frozen surface.
Cruz rushed to help his panicked friend. However, the pond swallowed him, too. Cruz managed to lift himself out of the extremely cold water and onto a more solid section. He then gingerly worked his way toward Anthony. But the ice didn't hold, and he fell in again. This time, he couldn't get out.
The boys were in icy water up to their necks and quickly losing feeling. Any chance of their freeing themselves was slipping away. Cruz was sure that he was going to die.
Anthony's older sister had seen the boys fall through the ice and started screaming, wishing someone to save them.
John Lavin, a neighbor driving nearby on his way to the grocery store, heard her. He quickly pulled over. Seeing the boys, he grabbed a nearby lifebuoy(救生圈), kicked off his shoes, and ran into the cold water, struggling his way through the ice. Lavin made his way to Cruz and Anthony and pulled them back to land.
The boys were taken to the hospital, where doctors discovered that their five-minute stay in the water had lowered their body temperature nearly ten degrees. Fortunately, they had fully recovered, though they were still a little amazed by their fearless neighbor. “Just to think,” said Cruz, “if he hadn't been there, I could have died.”
4.Why did the boys venture into the frozen pond?
A.To have a better look at the frozen pond.
B.To catch the birds in the pond with rocks.
C.To find out what the birds on the ice were.
D.To test the thickness of the ice in the pond.
5.What does the underlined word “gingerly” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A.Casually. B.Proudly.
C.Firmly. D.Cautiously.
6.What drew John Lavin's attention to the boys?
A.Anthony's older sister's cry for help.
B.Cruz's loud and frightening scream.
C.Their shoes along the nearby pond.
D.Their neighbors' pulling them back.
7.Which of the following words can best describe John Lavin?
A.Hard-working and helpful.
B.Warm-hearted and courageous.
C.Curious and selfless.
D.Active and generous.
C
Engineers in Upstate New York have invented a folded paper device that looks like a decorated art project. But don't be fooled. This is actually a paper-based battery. No, it doesn't look like any of those metal batteries running flashlights or smartphones. In these systems, the battery can be printed on a page. The battery's power consists of living bacteria.
Paper electronics are simple to make and inexpensive, notes study leader Seokheun Choi, an engineer at Binghamton University. They need no electrical outlet to recharge. They just need more bacteria, which can be found everywhere—including dirty water.
“Most batteries use chemicals to generate electricity. Substituting bacteria can be an advantage,” Choi says.“They are cheap and self-repairing.” What paper-based batteries won't do is generate much power. They do, however, create enough to run small devices in faraway or dangerous places—such as a battlefield. They might also find use in medicine. For instance, they might power tiny sensors, such as the types used to measure blood sugar.
This invention is based on an observation made more than a century ago—that microbes (微生物) produce electricity as they digest food. Scientists refer to the bio-batteries based on this principle as microbial fuel cells. A fuel cell generates electricity like a regular battery. But a regular battery stops producing electricity when its inner chemical reactions stop. A fuel cell uses fuel that can be refilled. In this case, bacteria serve as the fuel. By refilling more microbes, as needed, scientists can keep these fuel cells running.
Lab tests have shown that the new battery can produce a current. Now, Choi and his team are looking for ways to increase the power. They're studying different shapes and materials for the anode and cathode (正负 极). They're also looking for the best ways to combine batteries for more power. The beauty of the paper devices is that you can simply fold them to connect them. And they surely will be a trend in the near future.
8.What makes the paper-based batteries different from other batteries?
A.They are mainly used to run smartphones.
B.They use bacteria to generate electricity.
C.They are used to decorate small devices.
D.They take a much shorter time to recharge.
9.What can the paper-based batteries do?
A.Power tiny devices.
B.Lower blood sugar levels.
C.Produce much electricity.
D.Change chemicals in the paper.
10.What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?
A.The application of the new battery.
B.The characteristics of the paper-based batteries.
C.The intention to invent the device.
D.The working principle of the invention.
11.What is the author's attitude towards the development of the paper-based batteries?
A.Defensive. B.Optimistic.
C.Doubtful. D.Ambiguous.
D
While we know that language first appeared among Homo sapiens (智人) somewhere thousands of years ago, the secret to how language evolved is still unknown, and mainstream theories fall into two distinctly different camps.
One widely held theory is that language came about as an evolutionary adaptation. That was where the idea of natural selection came into play, which was the belief that the specific physical features of a population made that population more likely to survive its environment, like the turtle (海龟) and its shell. On one hand, humans needed to communicate with each other in order to hunt,farm and defend themselves successfully from the severe environment. Being able to communicate by using language gave the human species a distinct survival advantage. On the other hand, language was needed for social interaction, according to those who subscribed to the adaptation theory.
In their paper Natural Language and Natural Selection, researchers Steven Pinker and Paul Bloom theorized that a series of calls or gestures evolved over time into combinations, giving us complex communication, or language. As things became more complicated around them,humans needed a more complex system to convey information to one another. Early man saw a group of deer he wanted to hunt. He made a sound to his hunting partner that means “deer are nearby.” One day,a storm came in and the hunter noticed that thunder scared the deer away. As a result, the hunter went hungry until the storm passed. Over time, the same hunter also learned to recognize the warning signs for bad weather—dark skies and increased wind. Early man realized that when the sky darkened and the wind picked up, he needed to tell his hunting partner to speed up the pursuit of the deer. Therefore, he came up with a series of sounds that refer to both the deer and the bad weather. That series of sounds was the beginning of an evolutionary adaptation that eventually became language.
As humans learned more about how to best survive, they developed a need to convey these survival methods to their population. To be brief, that's the adaptation theory.
12.What is the text mainly about?
A.The evolution of language.
B.The paper on natural selection.
C.The differences between theories.
D.The introduction to human reproduction.
13.Why are the turtle and its shell mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A.To show the mystery of nature.
B.To support the evolutionary adaptation.
C.To stress the advantage of the turtle's shell.
D.To encourage people to study natural selection.
14.How does the author explain the adaptation theory in Paragraph 3?
A.By comparing.
B.By listing data.
C.By carrying out a survey.
D.By giving an example.
15.What will the author most probably tell us next?
A.The exact place where humans came from.
B.The other theory of how language evolved.
C.The reasons why animals cannot form language.
D.The methods of humans' shaping non-verbal thinking.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Choose Your Purpose-Filled Career
When you think about choosing a career, you often do it in the following two ways.
16 . If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things. This is not a bad way to go, of course, but you can't always make money doing things you like (like video games or drinking beer). And sometimes things you like are better as a hobby or side passion.
Think about a well-paid job that you can do and doesn't sound so bad. Maybe a doctor, engineer or lawyer? Or maybe that's out of your educational reach, so you choose office or retail worker. 17 , but often they are not something you're really passionate about. It's kind of like just doing something because it's there—not very inspired.
However, there's another way that is perhaps better: 18 . For example, take care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or get into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or become a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease. 19 , and if you choose one of them for that purpose, you will serve in that work feeling a sense of purpose each day.
There are endless ways to do that. The point isn't how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purposes. 20 .
A.These are all great choices
B.Think about what you like to do
C.You can identify your purpose and work out how to get there
D.Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purposes
E.Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better
F.The sooner you complete the training requirements, the sooner you will make a living
G.If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you're always further along than most people
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was driving into my little town in Newlands when I blew a tyre. Fortunately almost outside our local garage, unfortunately after 5 pm it was 21 .
There was a young couple sitting in the open door of their 22 in the garage's car park, with the hood (折叠式车篷) up, looking a bit 23 . I knew I had a spare tyre in the 24 of my car but no tools, and I was pretty unconfident with the old tyre's 25 anyway. So I was sort of 26 wondering what to do next when the guy 27 next to me and asked if I 28 a hand with the tyre.
I was so grateful, and he 29 out some basic tools quickly and got things started. It turned out that they were on a tour around the country and their truck had just 30 from something expensive and slow to fix. Thus, they were forced to 31 in the car park of the garage that night.
Well, he fixed my wheel up lovely and I took them both home to my cottage, to a homemade 32 and apple cakes and a cosy little spare room, and 33 them back into town the next day.
What was a pain in the trouble for all of us 34 into a fun night of laughter and good food and nice company because they generously offered a 35 hand to a lady meeting with difficulties.
21.A.declined B.fined C.closed D.cancelled
22.A.car B.truck C.home D.room
23.A.disappointed B.confident
C.considerate D.guilty
24.A.center B.foot C.back D.side
25.A.record B.change C.choice D.use
26.A.excitedly B.enthusiastically
C.sensitively D.awkwardly
27.A.popped up B.backed off
C.opened up D.took off
28.A.raised B.needed C.put D.had
29.A.looked B.let C.figured D.took
30.A.fled B.come C.died D.made
31.A.sleep B.skip C.eat D.respond
32.A.party B.vase C.pond D.meal
33.A.dropped B.led C.invited D.seized
34.A.broke B.crashed C.turned D.ran
35.A.shaking B.waving C.striking D.helping
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The China National Space Administration made public the first high-definition pictures of Mars taken by the nation's spacecraft.
The pictures, two black-and-white and one color, 36 (shoot) recently by China's Tianwen 1 robotic probe when the spacecraft was travelling in Mars orbit.
The first photograph, a black-and-white image, was taken by 37 obstacle avoidance camera in front of the Mars rover. The second image, a color photo was taken by the navigation camera 38 (fit) to the back part of the rover and the red soil and rocks on the Martian surface are clearly visible in the image.
Tianwen 1, the country's first independent Mars mission, has 39 (successful) landed on the surface of Mars, marking a historic achievement in China's space endeavors.
40 practice, China made its early breakthroughs in rocket and space technologies with its own scientists, engineers and scientific workers 41 (start)from the 1960s under very difficult conditions 42 the country remained largely a backward 43 (agriculture)country. However, the country has made the most of what it had, making numerous 44 (effort)to move forward in the cause. Thanks to the hard work and even numerous sacrifices of generations of scientific workers, China 45 (achieve) one milestone after another, including manned space flights, lunar exploration, and its BeiDou Navigation Satellite System.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是李华,你们年级下周要举办一次主题为“展望未来新生活”的英语演讲比赛,请根据以下内容,通过合理想象,写一篇演讲稿。包括:
1.太空、海洋探索;
2.人工智能开发;
3.材料的回收利用等。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已经为你写好,不计入总词数。
Good afternoon, boys and girls!
I feel honored to be here to share my views on life in the future.
Thanks for listening!
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On Christmas Eve, seventy-three-year-old George selected his food carefully. Skim milk was $2.99, white bread 89 cents with a 10-cent discount. Leaving the cashier, he calculated that he had saved 80 cents today.
At the exit, the wind reminded him of his gloves. “Where are they?” Not in the coat pockets. Not in the grocery bag either. He was sure he was wearing them when he entered the store. He clearly remembered putting them into the pocket of this coat. George made a second thorough search of all his pockets, again including the grocery bag. Now he was sure they must have been dropped somewhere inside the store.
Old George had bought the black leather gloves at a 25% discount, for just $35.00 ten years ago. They were soft and warm and very durable. He had taken care not to let a drop of water or rain touch his expensive gloves, so they looked like new. Losing this favorite possession was almost like losing a child to him.
George, calm on the outside but nervous inside, re-entered the store. He followed the same route he had walked before, starting from the bread counter, to the milk section, the corner where salt and sugar were placed, then the rest of the store. Several minutes of anxious searching turned out to be in vain. He asked the customers whether they saw a pair of black leather gloves, but they said no. Then he went over to the cashier without hesitation to ask if she had received any lost gloves, but only received the same answer. His heart grew heavier.
“Society has changed, and people have changed,” he murmured to himself. “Years ago, if somebody picked up something lost, they would give it back. Now a good action is lost.”
Yet he did not give up hope. He started to stare at anybody wearing black gloves to see if they looked like his. The first two persons he saw did wear gloves, but one was women's and the other not black.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Suddenly, he found a man looking like a lawyer, wearing black leather gloves.
Paragraph 2:
During the whole holiday, he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair.
答案全解全析
全书学业质量水平检测(二)
1.C
2.B
3.D
4.C
5.D
6.A
7.B
8.B
9.A
10.D
11.B
12.A
13.B
14.D
15.B
16.B
17.A
18.E
19.D
20.G
21.C
22.B
23.A
24.C
25.B
26.D
27.A
28.B
29.D
30.C
31.A
32.D
33.A
34.C
35.D
36.were shot 37.an 38.fitted 39.successfully 40.In
41.starting 42.when 43.agricultural 44.efforts
45.has achieved
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了阿姆斯特丹最受喜欢的几个建筑。
1.C 细节理解题。根据Rijksmuseum Gardens部分第一句“Take a walk in the beautiful formal gardens of the Rijksmuseum, which are dotted with fascinating artworks.”可知,如果你对艺术品有兴趣,你会偏爱Rijksmuseum Gardens。
2.B 推理判断题。根据The Muziektheater部分可知,从9月到5月,这个重要的歌剧、舞蹈和音乐场馆每周二下午12:30到下午1点在门厅举行由顶级表演者主持的免费午餐音乐会。每个月一到两次,音乐会之后会有免费参观剧院的机会——详情可在网站上查询。也就是说在你参观Muziektheater之前,你可以参加每周一次的免费午餐音乐会。
3.D 细节理解题。根据The Central Library部分第一句中的“At the Netherlands' biggest library, the Centrale Bibliotheek, you can read the international papers for free”可知,在中央图书馆国内外报纸都可以免费阅读。
【高频词汇】 1.date from追溯到 2.preserve v.保护,保留 3.classical adj.古典的 4.contemporary adj.当代的 5.architect n.建筑师 6.exhibition n.展览 7.currently adv.目前,当前
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了两位少年因为想弄清冰面上的鸟是什么鸟而跑到冰面上,却不幸掉进冰水里,幸而他们的一位邻居勇敢相助,救了他们的性命的故事。
4.C 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句...whether the birds out on the ice were ducks or geese.和第二句中的to get a better look可知应选C。
5.D 词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句中的he fell through the seemingly frozen surface可知,冰面只是看上去冻住了。又根据画线词所在句的上一句Cruz managed to lift himself out of the extremely cold water and onto a more solid section.可知,Cruz好不容易使自己从极其冰冷的水里浮出来,爬上了一个(冰面)较坚固的地方,所以可推断画线词表示他应该是很小心地朝着Anthony的方向走去。cautiously谨慎地;小心翼翼地。故选D。casually随便地;proudly自豪地;firmly坚定地。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的Anthony's older sister had seen the boys fall through the ice and started screaming以及第五段第一句John Lavin, a neighbor driving nearby on his way to the grocery store, heard her.可知,是Anthony的姐姐的尖叫声让他注意到了这两个孩子,故选A。
7.B 推理判断题。根据全文可知,邻居John Lavin冒着生命危险救了两个掉进冰水里的少年,所以可以推断他是一个热心和勇敢的人,故选B。
【高频词汇】
1.convinced adj.坚信的,确信的 2.seemingly adv.表面上;看上去 3.swallow v.吞没 4.slip away溜走 5.grab v.抓住
6.struggle one's way through挣扎着前进
长难句分析
原句 Convinced the ice would hold their weight, Anthony took a few steps, but then he fell through the seemingly frozen surface.
分析 本句是并列复合句,but连接前后两个并列分句。Convinced...weight作原因状语,Convinced后是省略了that的宾语从句。
句意 确信冰(面)能承受他们的重量,Anthony走了几步,但接着他就从看似冻结的冰面上掉了下去。
C
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了纸基电池的原理,这种电池可以通过微生物进行充电,同时,该电池也可以运用在医学方面,如测试血糖等。
8.B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“They need no electrical outlet to recharge. They just need more bacteria, which can be found everywhere—including dirty water.”可知,这种电池是不需要外接发电设备进行充电的,只需要更多的细菌就可以充电了,这是该电池与传统电池的不同之处。
9.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“What paper-based batteries won't do is generate much power. They do, however, create enough to run small devices in faraway or dangerous places”可知,纸基电池不会储存很多的电量,但这些电量还是能支持一些在远处或危险地方的小型设备的。
10.D 主旨大意题。第四段主要介绍了纸基电池的工作原理,D项符合文意。
11.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“The beauty of the paper devices is that you can simply fold them to connect them. And they surely will be a trend in the near future.”可知,作者用beauty一词来描述该设备,并指出它们在不久的将来会成为一种趋势,所以作者对该设备持一种乐观的态度。defensive保守的;optimistic乐观的;doubtful怀疑的;ambiguous不明确的。B项符合文意。
【高频词汇】 1.device n.设备,装备 2.battery n.电池
3.consist of由……组成 4.generate v.产生,形成 5.be based on以……为基础 6.observation n.观察 7.current n.(电、水、气)流;趋势 adj.现在的;流行的
D
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了语言是如何进化的。
12.A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了语言是如何进化的。
13.B 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句That was where the idea of natural selection came into play, which was the belief that the specific physical features of a population made that population more likely to survive its environment, like the turtle (海龟) and its shell.可知,作者提到海龟和龟壳是为了支持本段的中心论点:语言是作为一种进化适应而产生的。
14.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的As things became more complicated around them,humans needed a more complex system to convey information to one another...Therefore, he came up with a series of sounds that refer to both the deer and the bad weather.可知,作者描述一个打猎的场景来说明语言的进化,即用举例的方式来解释适应理论。
15.B 推理判断题。第一段中的mainstream theories fall into two distinctly different camps指出,主流理论分为两个截然不同的阵营。作者在二、三、四段介绍了其中的一种理论。由此推知,作者接下来最可能会告诉我们另一种语言进化理论。
【高频词汇】 1.evolve v.进化,演变 2.adaptation n.适应;改编 3.distinct adj.明显的;有区别的 4.survive v.生存;幸存;比……活的时间长 5.social interaction 社会互动
6.subscribe to同意,赞同 7.speed up加速 8.convey v.传递
长难句分析
原句 That was where the idea of natural selection came into play, which was the belief that the specific physical features of a population made that population more likely to survive its environment, like the turtle and its shell.
分析 本句为主从复合句。where引导表语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句,从句中the belief为表语,其后为that引导的同位语从句。
句意 那就是自然选择的想法开始起作用的地方,即人们相信种群的特定物理特征使该种群更有可能幸存于其环境中,例如海龟及其龟壳。
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文,介绍了如何选择对你富有意义的职业。
16.B 上文指出当你考虑择业时,你通常会用以下两种方法。这说明接下来将会分别介绍两种选择职业的方法。B项Think about what you like to do(想想你喜欢做什么)承接了上文,也和下文If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things.对应。
17.A 上文介绍了一些可能的职业选择。下文but often they are not something you're really passionate about(但它们往往不是你真正感兴趣的事情)表示转折,说明空格处讲的是对这些职业的总结和概括。A项“These are all great choices(这些都是很好的选择) 承上启下。
18.E 上文“However, there's another way that is perhaps better(然而,还有另一种可能更好的方法)”说明接下来要讲另一种选择职业的办法。E项“Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better(试着做些事情来服务社区或者让世界变得更好)”承上启下,符合语境。
19.D 下文说了有目的地选择职业的好处。D项“Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purposes(这其中的每一种都只是众多充满目的的可能性中的一种)”中的purpose和下文中的that purpose相呼应,说明选择这些职业就会充满目的性。
20.G 上文说了选择一些有目的的工作带给你目标感。G项“If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you're always further along than most people(如果你选择了一份有目的且有趣的工作,你总是比大多数人走得更远)”进一步说明选择一份有目的的工作带给你的意义,符合语境。
【高频词汇】 1.well-paid adj.高薪的 2.educational adj.教育的;有教育意义的 3.be passionate about 对……热情
4.crisis n.危机 5.cure n.疗法;治疗 6.requirement n.要求,必要条件
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。作者路上不幸轮胎爆了,自己既没有工具,又不太会更换轮胎,这时有两位好心人热心帮助,作者盛情款待二人来回报他们的帮助。
21.C 根据前文“I blew a tyre”以及“Fortunately almost outside our local garage, unfortunately”可知,作者的轮胎爆了,不幸的是修理厂关门了。decline减少,谢绝;fine罚款;close关闭;cancel取消。
22.B 根据第三段中的“their truck had just 30 from something expensive and slow to fix”可知,这里指卡车。car小汽车;truck卡车;home家;room房间。
23.A 基于前文的分析,修理厂已经停止营业,需要修的车还没有修好,所以有点儿失望。disappointed失望的;confident自信的;considerate体贴的;guilty内疚的。
24.C 作者有一个备用轮胎在车后面,但没有工具,而且作者对旧轮胎的改换很不自信。center中心;foot脚下;back后部;side边,侧。
25.B 根据前文“I blew a tyre”可知,作者的轮胎爆了,需要改换轮胎。record记录;change改换;choice选择;use用途。
26.D 所以作者有点尴尬地琢磨下一步该做什么,这时一个人突然出现在作者旁边,问作者是否需要帮忙处理轮胎。excitedly兴奋地;enthusiastically热情地;sensitively敏感地;awkwardly尴尬地,笨拙地。
27.A 根据语境以及后文“next to me and asked if I 28 a hand with the tyre”可知,作者正在困境中,这时一个小伙子突然出现,伸出援助之手。pop up突然出现; back off退出;open up打开; take off起飞,脱下,取得成功。
28.B 基于前文的分析可知,作者的轮胎爆了,自己没有工具并且也不太会改换轮胎,所以来人询问作者是不是需要帮忙。raise提高,升起;need需要;put放置;have有。
29.D 作者很感激,他很快拿出一些基本的工具,开始了工作。look看;let让;figure计算;take拿。
30.C 结果发现,他们在全国各地旅游,他们的卡车刚刚因一些昂贵且维修缓慢的东西而停止运转。flee逃离;come来;die死亡,停止运转;make制造。
31.A 于是,他们当晚要被迫睡在修理厂的停车场里。sleep睡觉;skip跳过;eat吃;respond回应。
32.D 根据前文“I took them both home to my cottage, to a homemade”以及后文“and apple cakes”可知,这里指,吃了一顿家常饭。party宴会;vase花瓶;pond池塘;meal一顿饭。
33.A 根据语境以及后文“them back into town the next day”可知,作者第二天把他们送回城里。drop sb to/into...“送某人去……”符合句意。 lead引导;invite邀请;seize抓住。
34.C 对根据前文“Well, he fixed my wheel up lovely”可知,作者轮胎爆了,结果遇到好心人帮助修好了,所以说,困境中的痛苦变成了欢笑。break摔断;crash碰撞;turn转变,变成;run跑。
35.D 根据前文“next to me and asked if I 28 a hand with the tyre”以及“Well, he fixed my wheel up lovely”可知,作者轮胎爆了,结果遇到好心人帮助修好了,所以说,他们慷慨地向一位遇到困难的女士伸出了援助之手。 a helping hand援助之手。shake摇动;wave挥舞;strike打击。
【高频词汇】 1.spare adj.备用的;闲置的;空闲的 2.be forced to do 被迫做…… 3.fix v.修理,安装 4.cosy adj.舒适的,惬意的 5.generously adv.大方地
长难句分析
原句 It turned out that they were on a tour around the country and their truck had just died from something expensive and slow to fix.
分析 本句为主从复合句。句中It作形式主语,turned out后为that引导的主语从句。主语从句为由第一个and连接的并列句。
句意 结果发现,他们在全国各地旅游,他们的卡车刚刚因一些昂贵且维修缓慢的东西而停止运转。
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。不久前中国展示了天问一号拍摄的火星高清照片,这是中国航天史上又一次巨大的突破,也是中国人几十年不懈努力的见证。
36.were shot 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析可知,空格处为谓语动词,主语为The pictures,天问一号拍摄图片这件事情发生在过去,需用一般过去时,动词shoot与主语之间是被动关系,故填were shot。
37.an 考查冠词。此处指避障相机中的一台,需用不定冠词表示泛指,obstacle以元音音素开头,故用an。
38.fitted 考查过去分词。空格处为后置定语,修饰 the navigation camera,fit与其是被动关系,故用过去分词。
39.successfully 考查副词。此处用副词successfully修饰谓语动词has landed。
40.In 考查介词。in practice意为“实际上”。
41.starting 考查现在分词。分析可知,句子的主语为China,谓语动词为made,所以空格处为非谓语动词。start与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。
42.when 考查定语从句。先行词为the 1960s,关系词在从句中作时间状语,故用关系副词when。
43.agricultural 考查形容词。设空处修饰名词country,故用形容词agricultural。
44.efforts 考查名词的数。numerous意为“许多的”,相当于many,此处表示经过了许多的努力,effort应用复数形式。
45.has achieved 考查时态和主谓一致。结合下文including manned space flights, lunar exploration, and its BeiDou Navigation Satellite System 可知,中国已经实现了一个又一个的成就,需用现在完成时,主语为China,故填has achieved。
【高频词汇】 1.high-definition adj.高清的 2.image n.图像,形象 3.visible adj.看得见的 4.independent adj.独立的
5.mission n.任务,使命 6.breakthrough n.突破 7.numerous adj.很多的;数量大的 8.milestone n.划时代的事件;里程碑
长难句分析
原句 In practice, China made its early breakthroughs in rocket and space technologies with its own scientists, engineers and scientific workers starting from the 1960s under very difficult conditions when the country remained largely a backward agricultural country.
分析 本句为主从复合句。主语为China,谓语动词为made,宾语为breakthroughs;in rocket and space technologies with its own scientists, engineers and scientific workers为介词短语;starting from...为分词作状语,其中包含一个when引导的定语从句,修饰先行词the 1960s。
句意 实际上,从20世纪60年代开始,中国凭借自己的科学家、工程师和科学工作者,在火箭和空间技术方面取得了早期的突破,当时中国在很大程度上仍然是一个落后的农业国家。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Good afternoon, boys and girls!
I feel honored to be here to share my views on life in the future. With the rapid development of high technology, our life has changed a lot. Many things that wouldn't happen before have come into reality. Therefore, our life will change as well in the future.
Perhaps some people will have the alternative to go to the moon for a holiday or live under the sea, which will make their life interesting and colorful. Besides, in the future maybe each family will rely on robots to do housework. What's more, all the materials can be recycled and nothing will be wasted. Our environment will be much better.
I believe life in the future must be wonderful and exciting, so I'll try my best to work hard for a better future life.
Thanks for listening!
第二节
写作指导
故事
要素
Time
on Christmas Eve
Place
in a store
Who
George
What
Seventy-three-year-old George bought goods in a store but at the exit he found his gloves was lost.
情节
Period 1
Seventy-three-year-old George selected discounted goods in a store.
Period 2
At the exit, he found his gloves gone and nowhere were they found.
Period 3
He re-entered the store to look for his gloves but without luck. After that he began to stare at anybody wearing black gloves.
续写
方向
Para. 1
Suddenly, he found a man looking like a lawyer, wearing black leather gloves.
①询问律师是他的手套吗?
②如何继续寻找?
Para. 2
During the whole holiday, he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair.
①为什么要买一副新手套?
②他的手套找到了吗?
③事情的结果怎么样?
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
Suddenly, he found a man looking like a lawyer, wearing black leather gloves. Abrupt as it might seem, George came up without hesitation and asked if they were his, but there came a disappointing answer. On second thought, he realized nobody would be so foolish as to wear them right inside the store. He had no other alternative but to ask the cashier to keep them in case the lost gloves were found. Then he dragged his legs towards the exit.
Paragraph 2:
During the whole holiday, he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair. After all, in deep winter, he could not do things without gloves. Finally, poor George decided to buy another pair of leather gloves. With the last ray of hope, he stepped into the store again. No sooner had he opened the door than the cashier told him there was indeed one such pair as he lost. After examining them carefully, he was wild with joy, expressing sincere gratitude and saying to himself that a good action was never lost.
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