人教版高考英语写作总复习5-6非谓语动词与高级词汇与句式课件PPT

这是一份人教版高考英语写作总复习5-6非谓语动词与高级词汇与句式课件PPT，共54页。PPT课件主要包含了写作素能培养，possess　，endless　，promote　等内容，欢迎下载使用。
众所周知，作文中出现过多的简单句会让人觉得单调乏味，句子与句子之间的关系显得松散；而文章中过多地出现复合句又显得累赘，读起来费劲。恰当地运用非谓语动词对简单句和复合句进行转换，不仅句型多样，句子活泼，而且读起来结构紧凑，言简意明。
一、运用非谓语动词转换简单句写作时，我们可以利用非谓语动词对两个简单句进行转换，使其成为较高级的表达方式。转换时可采用“三步法”：第一步：写出两个简单句。第二步：找准两个简单句的对接点，让一个句子作为主干，另一个句子用非谓语动词进行改写。第三步：判断应用何种非谓语动词，把握好时态和语态，最后连接起来。
示例：第一步：写出两个简单句。①The fast ecnmic develpment befre 2016 was prbably the mst pwerful engine.②It drives the cnstant grwth in the bx­ffice incme.第二步：让句①作主句，用非谓语动词改写句②。第三步：让句②作定语，由于其动词drive与主语it之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作定语。The fast ecnmic develpment befre 2016 was prbably the mst pwerful engine driving the cnstant grwth in the bx­ffice incme. (2017·江苏高考书面表达)
其他几个转换的例子如下：1．我为那事感到非常遗憾，开始考虑做些什么来帮一下。I feel quite srry fr that.I begin t think abut what t d t help.→Feeling quite srry fr that，I begin t think abut what t d t help. (现在分词作状语)2．另一方面，我将帮着建立英语角，提供给我们学生一个练习英语口语的平台。On the ther hand，I will help set up the English crner.I will prvide us students a platfrm t practice ur ral English.→On the ther hand，I will help set up the English crner，prviding us students a platfrm t practice ur ral English. (现在分词作状语)
3．这儿的人都喜欢汤姆写的那本小说。All the peple here like the nvel.It is written by Tm.→All the peple here like the nvel written by Tm. (过去分词作定语)4．我们应该多讲英语。我们认为这是很重要的。We shuld speak mre English.We think it is very imprtant.→We think it very imprtant t speak mre English. (it作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语)5．我们应该如何提高我们的英语口语水平？这是个问题。Hw shuld we imprve ur spken English？It is a questin.→Hw t imprve ur spken English is a questin. (不定式短语作主语)→The questin is hw t imprve ur spken English. (不定式短语作表语)
运用非谓语动词转换简单句1．We were tuched by the teacher's wrds.We decided t wrk hard.Tuched by the teacher's wrds，we decided t wrk hard.2．I didn't receive her letter.I had t write again.Nt having received her letter，I had t write again.3．The by came t schl late again.This made the teacher very angry.The by's cming t schl late again made the teacher very angry.
4．The bys were making the mst f time.They wanted t finish the wrk earlier.The bys were making the mst f time (s as) t finish the wrk earlier.5．I saw an ld granny.She lay n the grund.I went ver t help her.Seeing an ld granny lying n the grund，I went ver t help her.
二、运用非谓语动词转换复合句用非谓语动词转换复合句比转换简单句要容易一些，因为需转换的一般是从句部分，这时只需要判断用何种非谓语动词，再把握好时态和语态即可，所以只需两步。示例：第一步：写出复合句。Since yu have realized that yur time is limited, yu'll have t study fr yur gals withut anger r hesitatin.第二步：把since引导的原因状语从句转换为非谓语动词，realize与yu之间为主谓关系，且表示完成，故用现在分词的完成式作状语。Having realized that yur time is limited, yu'll have t study fr yur gals withut anger r hesitatin.
其他几个转换的例子如下：1．惊诧于他们的熟练程度，我决心要像他们一样好。Because I was amazed at hw skillful they were，I determined t be just as gd.→Amazed at hw skillful they were，I determined t be just as gd. (过去分词作状语)2．看到一辆车朝她而来，我伸出手把她拉了回来。When I saw a car running twards her，I reached my hand ut and pulled her back.→Seeing a car running twards her，I reached my hand ut and pulled her back. (现在分词作状语)
3．练习了接近两个月篮球后，我们强烈渴望获得一场胜利。After we had practiced playing basketball fr almst tw mnths，we strngly desired t be the winner.→Having practiced playing basketball fr almst tw mnths，we strngly desired t be the winner. (现在分词作状语)
4．这里曾有一家化肥厂，位于城市的南边。它每天释放出大量有毒气体，污染环境。There was a large factry，which prduced fertilizer.Every day it gave ut a lt f pisnus gas，which plluted the envirnment.→There was a large factry，which prduced fertilizer.Every day it gave ut a lt f pisnus gas，plluting the envirnment.注意：“原句”中分别由which引导两个定语从句，重复且单调，将第二个定语从句转换为现在分词短语作状语后，不仅表达多样，而且言简意明。
5．因为手里没拿着什么东西，他们不敢与狼搏斗。Because they had nthing n their hand, they didn't dare t fight against the wlf.→With nthing n their hand, they didn't dare t fight against the wlf. (2017·浙江高考书面表达)
〔名师点拨〕在所有的高级语法中，阅卷老师几乎都喜欢看到独立主格和分词结构，其实几乎所有的状语从句都可以变成独立主格或分词结构。如果你的作文中有状语从句，学会下面的口诀，就可以改成独立主格或分词结构这个最大的亮点：一去，二看，三改。一去：去连词；二看：看主语；三改：改分词。
On seeing a few peple still in the burning huse　
it pssible fr them t master ne　
3．I tk part in the meeting，which was held in Beijing last Friday.It was very instructive，which was hsted by a manager wh came t ur cmpany yesterday.→I tk part in the meeting ___________________last Friday.It was very instructive，which was hsted by a manager ________________________________.4．Mther went t wrk in a hurry，and she didn't have breakfast.She was as busy as a bee these days and came back hme very late.→Mther went t wrk in a hurry ____________________________.She was as busy as a bee these days， ______________________________.
held in Beijing　
cming t ur cmpany yesterday　
withut having breakfast　
cming back hme very late　
一般表达：There are a large number f taxi drivers in Beijing.They serve passengers heart and sul.They play an imprtant part in the traffic f Beijing.They make sme mney.They wrk frm dawn till night.One day，I left my cellphne in the taxi I tk.I gt in tuch with the driver.He drve t my hme and gave it back t me.I was very excited.
高级表达：There are a large number f taxi drivers in Beijing，serving passengers heart and sul and playing an imprtant part in the traffic f Beijing.In rder t make sme mney t supprt their families，they wrk frm dawn till night.One day，I gt ut f the taxi in a hurry with my cellphne left in the taxi I tk.On hearing what had happened，the taxi driver drve t my hme as fast as pssible and gave the cellphne back t me.Seeing my cellphne again，I was t excited t say a wrd.
2．大城市里高楼大厦林立，房价越来越高。一方面，很多人无房居住，另一方面，大量房子却卖不出去。不少人即使买了一套住房，恐怕也要一辈子辛辛苦苦工作来还银行贷款。我们希望政府采取措施，关心这些收入不高的人群。一般表达：There are mre and mre tall buildings in big cities.Their prices are ging up day by day.On ne hand，there are still lts f peple.They have n huses t live in.On the ther hand，many apartments are hard t sell ut.Even if yu buy an apartment，I'm afraid yu have t pay ff the mney yu brrw frm the bank.Yu will wrk hard day and night all yur life.I d hpe ur gvernment take strng measures t slve the husing prblem and take care f the peple.Their incmes are lw.
高级表达：There are mre and mre tall buildings in big cities，with their prices ging up day by day.On ne hand，there are still lts f peple having n huses t live in.On the ther hand，many apartments are hard t sell ut.Even if yu have bught an apartment，I'm afraid yu have t try t pay ff the mney brrwed frm the bank，wrking hard day and night all yur life.I d hpe ur gvernment can take strng measures t slve the husing prblem，shwing great cncern fr the peple whse incmes are nt high enugh.
第六讲　学会运用高级词汇与句式
写作时，“高级词汇与高级句式”如能运用贴切自然，哪怕整篇文章只用上一两处，也会为你的作文增添色彩，赢得阅卷老师的青睐。一、使用高级词汇高级词汇主要是指《考试大纲》中没有列入的，但在实际运用中使用较频繁的词汇。大纲中较常用词汇通过构词形成的词汇也属于高级词汇。是否使用高级词汇，可以基本判断该考生所掌握的词汇量。1．挖掘纲外词汇有些单词在英语《考试大纲》中确实未曾出现，但在阅读时经常碰到。如：annyed, currently等。①He was annyed that she had frgtten his birthday. (annyed比angry高级)②China is currently in the primary stage f scialism. (currently比nw高级)
2．挖掘可替代词汇使用词组、习语来代替简单枯燥的词汇。如：用make full use f代替use, catch sight f代替see, lk frward t代替hpe等。①We had better make full use f smething inexpensive. (make full use f比use高级)②Finally he caught sight f the yung man's light vercat in the distance. (catch sight f比see生动)③I'm lking frward t yur visit next week. (lk frward t比hpe高级)
3．挖掘“味感”词汇有的单词很常见，且“洋味”十足，表达地道，非常有“味感”，这类词也被视为高级词汇。如share, view, drive等。①We all share ne and the same planet. (share比live in更有“味感”)②We can view the prblem in many ways. (view比lk at更有内涵)③The nise next t the dr drve me mad. (用drive而不用make)
〔名师点拨〕在表达中使用高级词汇，能反映出一个考生内在的底蕴，体现考生运用语言的能力和水平。因此，我们要重视高级词汇的使用。在选择高级词汇表达语意时，就应做到避“简”就“繁”，就是说尽量选择得体、规范、较长的词，少用常见、俗套的词。
用较高级词汇代替加黑的词或短语1．We all have the same chance. ___________2．We have a lt f hmewrk t d at the weekend. ___________3．I can n lnger bear the way he speaks t us. _______________4．He didn't listen t what I said in the class. ________________________5．We'll try ur best t develp the traditinal friendship between us. ___________6．The teacher directed the gifted students twards the mre difficult curses. _______________
put up with　
turned a deaf ear t　
challenging　
二、使用高级句式，让句子靓起来1．恰当使用被动语态①We will have selected abut thirty vlunteers t the Mars thrughut the wrld by 2020.→Abut thirty vlunteers will have been selected t the Mars thrughut the wrld by 2020.
②I'm delighted t knw that the Shanghai Museum will rganize a famus art exhibitin and yu are cllecting pinins f the public as t select the lcatin fr the exhibitin，which encuraged me t write t express my ideas.→I'm delighted t knw that a famus art exhibitin will be rganized by the Shanghai Museum and pinins f the public are being cllected as t select the lcatin fr the exhibitin，which encuraged me t write t express my ideas.
2．使用强调句①As a saying ges，the little thing matters mst.→As a saying ges，it is the little thing that matters mst.②Our parents have devted their uncnditinal lve t us，which indeed deserves ur appreciatin and reward.→It's ur parents wh have devted their uncnditinal lve t us，which indeed deserves ur appreciatin and reward.
3．使用倒装句①The children can grw up mentally and physically healthy nly in this way.→Only in this way can the children grw up mentally and physically healthy.②I didn't realize wrds culd be pwerful in bth psitive and negative ways until then.→Nt until then did I realize wrds culd be pwerful in bth psitive and negative ways.
4．使用省略句①If it is s，I hpe yu will have a wnderful time.→If s，I hpe yu will have a wnderful time.②Althugh they were faced with many prblems，they didn't lse heart.→Althugh faced with many prblems，they didn't lse heart.5．使用感叹句①It is a very splendid mment.→Hw splendid a mment it is!②I am very wrried abut his cnditin.→Hw wrried I am abut his cnditin!
6．使用with复合结构①His mther is paving the ways fr him while his father is hlding his jacket behind him，and we can see sweat n his face.→His mther is paving the ways fr him while his father is hlding his jacket behind him，with sweat n his face.②As the sciety develps rapidly，it's necessary fr us t have a gd knwledge f English and cmputer.→With the sciety develping rapidly，it's necessary fr us t have a gd knwledge f English and cmputer.
7．使用虚拟语气①It is high time fr bth children and parents t take actin t make small changes.→It is high time that bth children and parents tk actin t make small changes.②I missed being hit by the car with yur help.→Withut yur help，I wuld have been hit by the car.
〔名师点拨〕高考评分标准中的“复杂结构的运用及较多的语法结构”就是指句子结构的复合性和句型的多样性。不论是复杂结构的运用，如强调句、倒装句等句型、含有名词性从句、定语从句或状语从句的复合句，还是较多的语法结构，如分词和不定式等非谓语动词的运用都指向句式的转换问题。不容置疑，这些复杂结构的运用及较多的语法结构会增加文章的表达力度、提升文章的档次。
用较高级句式转换下列句子1．Abve all，we must d smething t stp pllutin. (被动语态)Abve all，smething must be dne t stp pllutin.2．I realized the imprtance f English when I entered senir high schl. (强调句)It was when I entered senir high schl that I realized the imprtance f English.3．We dn't knw its value until we lse health. (倒装句)Nt until we lse health d we knw its value.
4．If it isn't well rganized，the meeting will be a failure. (省略句)If nt well rganized，the meeting will be a failure.5．We had a very gd time with the peasants that day. (感叹句)What a gd time we had with the peasants that day！6．Because there was t much nise，I culdn't g n studying. (with复合结构)With the nise ging n，I culdn't g n studying.
三、如何写好there be句型1．There be句型的基本意义：某地有某物There is an increase f abut 10 percent，cmpared with last year.与去年相比较，大约增加了百分之十。名师点拨　由于受汉语影响，有些同学在使用这个句型时常常把be误用成have的某种形式。下午将有一场演讲。①There is ging t have a lecture this afternn. (×)②There is ging t be a lecture this afternn. (√)
2．Where there be...“哪里有……哪里就有……”As the detailed analyses abve have shwn us，where there is life，there is hpe.正如上面详尽的论述所示，活着就有希望。3．There be＋名词＋分词短语There are three factrs cntributing t this attitude as fllws.有三个因素促成了下面的观点。
名师点拨　在这一句型中，有些同学常常把分词误用成动词原形。有些学生支持这个主意。①There are sme students supprt the idea. (×)②There are sme students supprting the idea. (√)③Sme students supprt the idea. (√)
4．There be＋n dubt/n denying/n need/n sense/n “毫无疑问/不可否认/没有必要/没有意义/没有用……”There is n sense in waiting here withut knwing when he will cme back.在这里傻等却不知道他什么时候回来，一点意义都没有。5．There be的非谓语形式there being... (动词­ing形式)；there t be... (不定式形式)There being n bus，we had t walk hme.由于没有公交车，我们不得不步行回家。
翻译句子1．不可否认，我们的环境质量已经每况愈下。There is n denying that the quality f ur envirnment has gne frm bad t wrse.2．我们盼望着有个晚会来庆祝即将到来的新年。We expect there t be a party t celebrate the cming New Year.
四、如何使用其他的一些高级表达形式让文章更精彩1．用such总结全文Such is ur lively city，which yu are welcme t visit whenever at yur cnvenience.这就是我们这座充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎来参观。2．使用 much表示强调We cannt emphasize the imprtance f prtecting ur eyes t much.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
3．使用比喻等修辞方法As is knwn t us all，vcabulary is an imprtant part f language，just like bricks in a building.大家都知道，词汇是语言学习的重要组成部分，就像一座大楼的基石。4．使用句型Sme peple dn't like their jbs nt because they're lazy but because their jbs are small.一些人不喜欢他们的工作不是因为他们懒，而是因为他们的工作太渺小了。
5．使用否定句The law is the law.Nbdy has any excuse t break it.法律就是法律。任何人没有任何借口违反法律。6．使用双重否定Despite many bvius advantages f bicycle，it is nt withut its prblem.尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，它仍然存在一些问题。
1．任何语言都无法表达我对你们及时帮助的真心感谢。N wrd can express my whle­hearted thanks fr yur timely help.2．学好英语并不是一件苦差事而是一件快乐的事情。It is nt a hardship but a pleasure t learn English well.3．我们再怎么强调保护环境的重要性也不为过。We can't emphasize the imprtance f prtecting the envirnment t much.
1．We can successfully build an ecnmized sciety nly in this way. (倒装)→Only in this way can we successfully build an ecnmized sciety.2．He had hardly reached the statin when the train left. (倒装)→Hardly had he reached the statin when the train left.3．I can nt nly keep in tuch with my friends and family thrugh my cell，but als almst all infrmatin can be gathered n the Internet. (倒装)→Nt nly can I keep in tuch with my friends and family thrugh my cell，but alsalmst all infrmatin can be gathered n the Internet.
4．I didn't take his advice，s I failed in the exam. (虚拟语气)If I had taken his advice，I wuldn't have failed in the exam.5．Because I was ill that day，I didn't take part in the sprts meeting. (虚拟语气)I was ill that day，therwise I wuld have taken part in the sprts meeting.6．They carried ut a survey amng 260 students. (被动语态)A survey was carried ut amng 260 students.
7．They didn't realize the imprtance f envirnment prtecting until all the fish in the river died ut. (倒装句，强调句)①Nt until all the fish in the river died ut did they realize the imprtance f envirnment prtecting. ②It was nt until all the fish in the river died ut that they realized the imprtance f envirnment prtecting.
参考范文：As is knwn t all，the wrld ppulatin is grwing day by day.S enugh fresh water is needed t feed such a large ppulatin.What's mre，with industry develping rapidly，pisnus gases and waters are prduced，cnsequently resulting in the pllutin f water.Thugh fresh，a gd amunt f water can n lnger be used.Only then did we realize the imprtance f fresh water.S it's high time that we human beings tk actin t prtect water resurce.Stp plluting water，therwise we wuldn't be living in the wrld.What a terrible scene we wuld be faced with!Only with fresh water can the wrld be prsperus.