2021届河北衡水高三英语新高考语法复习讲义考点（二十二）进行时语态体（真题讲解+知识总结）

这是一份2021届河北衡水高三英语新高考语法复习讲义考点（二十二）进行时语态体（真题讲解+知识总结），共8页。
课堂真题讲解
单句语法填空
1． Susan had quit her wellpaid jb and ________ (wrk) as a vlunteer in the neighbrhd when I visited her last year.
2． I ______ (drive) dwn t Lndn when I suddenly fund that I was n the wrng rad.
3．—Hi, let's g skating.
—Srry, I'm busy right nw.I ________ (fill) in an applicatin frm fr a new jb.
解析：was wrking 句意：去年我拜访苏珊的时候，她已经辞去了那份高薪的工作，正在社区当志愿者。根据句意可知，此处强调过去的时间点正在进行的动作，因此用过去进行时。
解析：was driving 句意：我正开车去伦敦时，突然发现走错路了。be ding sth.＋ when ...是固定句型，表示“正在做某事，这时突然……”。
解析：am filling 句意：“嗨，我们去滑冰吧。”“抱歉，我现在正忙着呢。我正在填一份新工作的申请表。”此句表示说话时正在发生的动作，故用现在进行时。
课后知识总结
[谨记规则]
(一)现在进行时
1．表示现在(说话人说话时)正在发生或进行的动作、状态，或现阶段一直进行着的动作，常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。其构成是“am/is/are ding”。例如：
2．一些非延续性动词可用现在进行时表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作，常见的这类动词有：
cme来 g去 leave离开
arrive到达 start开始 begin开始
return返回 mve移动 take拿走
(二)过去进行时
1．表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，或过去某一个阶段内一直在进行的动作。其构成是“was/were ding”。常用的时间状语有：
at this/that time＋过去时间 at ... 'clck＋过去时间
frm ... t ...＋过去时间 thse days那些日子
just nw刚才；刚刚
[特别注意] 现在进行时及过去进行时常与always, cnstantly, cntinually, all the time等状语连用，表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作，或强调赞赏、厌恶、生气、好奇等感情色彩，不强调动作正在进行。
He is always helping thers.他总是乐于助人。(表赞赏)
She is always frgetting smething.她总是忘事。(表不满)
2．表示动作在另一个过去的动作发生时正在进行，常与when, while引导的时间状语从句连用。
My brther fell while he was riding his bicycle yesterday.
我弟弟昨天骑自行车时摔倒了。
3．一些非延续性动词可用在过去进行时表示过去按计划、安排将要发生的动作，多用于从句中。常见的该类动词有：
g去 cme来 leave离开 start开始
arrive到达 return返回 wrk工作 mve移动
He said he was starting tmrrw.
他说他打算明天出发。
(三)将来进行时
表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间里正在进行的动作，常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。其构成是“will be ding”。例如：
at this time tmrrw/the day after tmrrw
明天/后天的这个时间
(by) then 那时
frm 1：30 t 4：30 tmrrw/the day after tmrrw
明天/后天从1：30到4：30
语法填空解题“3策略”
1．掌握独特的时间状语标志
(1)看到always, ften, seldm, smetimes, usually等要想到用一般现在时；
(2)看到yesterday, last night, a few days ag, the ther day等要想到用一般过去时；
(3)看到tmrrw, next year等要想到用一般将来时；
(4)看到nw, at present等要想到用现在进行时；
(5)看到at that time, then, at six 'clck yesterday等要想到用过去进行时；
(6)看到this time tmrrw, frm 1 'clck t 3 'clck tmrrw等要想到用将来进行时；
(7)看到since, s far, up t nw, in the last/past few years等要想到用现在完成时；
(8)看到by/until/befre/by the end f＋“表示过去的某一时间”， 要想到用过去完成时。
2．熟记句式，利用语境暗示
(1)be ding ... when ..., 主句常用过去进行时， 从句常用一般过去时；
(2)It is/has been＋时间段＋since ...表示“自从……以来已经……”， 主句用现在完成时或一般现在时， 从句用一般过去时；
(3)祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句， 陈述句常用一般将来时；
(4)有些题目在时间状语和其他参照物都不明显的情况下，正确理解语境也是解决时态问题的行之有效的方法。
3．分清主动被动，辨析语态
看到动词为及物动词， 后面缺少宾语要想到用被动语态。
据第1条解题
1．Last year, I -------(be) lucky enugh t take part in an event called “Shanxi in the eyes f freigners”．
2．Its success is very encuraging in tday's televisin wrld where reality shws -------- (play) a leading part s far.
3．Tm was shcked t realize that the tw mnth summer vacatin ------ (pass) befre he knew it.
4．The festival traditinally ----(begin) n the first day f the first mnth in the Chinese calendar and ends with Lantern Festival which is n the 15th day.
5．The styles, rules, and regulatins fr Chinese petry gradually ------ (change) ver the centuries until the time f the Tang Dynasty.
据第2条解题
6．One day I ------_ (read) a newspaper when I nticed a pht f a yung wman wh lked very much like Linda and whse last name was Wagman — Linda's married name.
7．Take the chance, r yu ------- (regret) it.
据第3条解题
8．The sng which -------- (sing) n the stage nw was just written by Albert, fr whm being a famus musician is his frever dream.
9．It ------(reprt) that many peple die f traffic accidents each year.
10．Accrding t the result f the inspectin, they fund that the insect cntains a pwerful drug, s lcal farmers ------- (emply) t catch the insects.
11．At the end f December, the library's ld and classic bks ------(put) nline t, bringing brrwers a lt f cnvenience.
12．Facial recgnitin technlgy------- (extend) int many areas f schl life s far.
参考答案：was 、have_played 、had_passed 、begins 、changed_、was_reading、will_regret
is_being_sung、is_reprted 、were_emplyed、will_be_put 、 has_been_extended
Ⅰ.语法填空
Dng Shucheng, 49, is an inheritr (传承人) f sugar painting technique.He __1__ (learn) the art during childhd frm his elders.But he didn't practice it __2__ three years ag.Because f the __3__ (fail) f his business, he went back t his rts and started visiting temple fairs and scenic areas in Nrth China, __4__ (make) sugar paintings fr a living.Usually, large temple fairs __5__ (hld) arund the Spring Festival, __6__ many peple visit.The sugar paintings are s ppular that they sell quite well during the hliday.
Sugar paintings are made f __7__ (melt) brwn r white sugar, with which craftsmen can paint __8__ variety f animals and flwers.Hwever, accrding t Dng, sugar paintings have n manuscript (原稿)．Craftsmen have t create the whle design __9__ (mental) and finish it at ne g.When the sugar cls dwn, a piece f sugar art is finished.Dng nt nly makes mney by creating sugar painting, he als has __10__ (dzen) f students because he wants t pass dwn the handicraft.
1．learned/learnt 考查动词的时态。根据本句的时间状语during childhd “在童年时期”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以需用一般过去时。
2．until 考查状语从句。nt ...“直到……才”，是固定用法。
3．failure 考查词性转换。定冠词the后面需用名词形式。故填failure。
4．making 考查非谓语动词。空处所填词为非谓语动词，与主语he之间为主谓关系，所以用现在分词形式，作伴随状语。故填making。
5．are held 考查动词的时态和语态。主语temple fairs “庙会”与谓语hld之间是被动关系，所以需用被动语态；又因本句中的“Usually”表示的是一种经常性的动作，需用一般现在时。故填are held。
6．which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，且从句中缺宾语，先行词为temple fairs，作visit的宾语，故用which引导。
7．melted 考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词sugar，表示“已经融化了的红糖或白糖”。故填melted。
8．a 考查冠词。a variety f “大量，许多”，是固定搭配。故填a。
9．mentally 考查词性转换。此处修饰动词create，所以用副词mentally。
10．dzens 考查名词复数。dzens f “许多的”，是固定搭配。故填dzens。
Ⅱ.短文改错
I came back frm Britain last week. He was lucky enugh t be ne f the students frm different cuntry t visit the UK frm February 16 t 28. We paid a visit t a gd many f places, like Lndn, Oxfrd r the Lake District. I learned much abut British culture and histry in Lndn, that was my favrite. I als liked Oxfrd, where I saw much ld buildings. The Lake District was beautiful, but it was pity that it was raining heavy when we were there. The mst excited thing fr me in Britain was that I make a lt f friends there.
答案：第二句：He→I; cuntry→cuntries
第三句：去掉f; r→and
第四句：that→which
第五句：much→many
第六句：pity前加a; heavy→heavily
第七句：excited→exciting; make→made