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英语九年级【知识精讲】15.阅读理解(8)阅读理解——健康保健类 课件
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这是一份英语九年级【知识精讲】15.阅读理解(8)阅读理解——健康保健类 课件，共20页。
本类型主要是围绕饮食问题、医疗、卫生及健康、运动和保健等方面选取实际的材料来设题。体裁有记叙文、说明文、议论文和各种应用文。健康保健类阅读主要考查学生把握大意、理解细节的能力。
细节理解题目： 细节理解：掌握具体事实和重要细节，阅读文章时，要求学生养成辨认和记忆具体事实、重要细节的习惯。因为具体事实、重要细节是主题句的扩展、补充、说明或例证，是用来支持和说明中心思想的，而且是阅读理解测试的重要组成部分。
细节理解题目的问法：Which f the fllwing is nt true? We can learn/infer frm the passage that… Which f the fllwing is NOT mentined abut …? Sme peple are… because….
解决细节题目的三大法宝： 顺序原则、定位词、排除法 （1） 顺序原则：一般来说隐含题目答案的位置与题目的顺序是一致的，这能帮助我们缩小寻找范围，大大提高效率。我们做题时可以采用采用步步为营法，看一题做一题。
（2） 通过定位词寻找出题点：定位词和主题句是英语阅读理解解题方法的最重要的两个要素，前者适用于解答细节理解题，后者用于解答主旨大意题。通过定位词解题，就是说我们在阅读题干的时候迅速的把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划记出来，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。 我们首先要关注的是表示人名、地名等的专有名词和表示年份、数字、百分数等的数词，以及题干中出现的大写的名词。
（3）排除法：因为有的时候如果是给填空题让我们做，我们也许不能填出正确答案，但是如果给出四个选项让我们选的话，我们可以通过对比排除错误选项。
主旨大意题目主旨大意：依据主题句定短文的中心：任意一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心展开并且由段落组成的；段落之间有着内在的紧密联系，而表达段落主题的句子叫主题句，所以做主旨大意题需要我们找对主题句。
主题句的位置：（1） 通常在段首：主题句在段落或者文章的开头部分，起着开宗明义、点明主题的作用，使读者一开始就明白文章讲的内容主旨，而支撑句则使用一些具体的人、物、数字和具体的步骤来阐述或者论证。（2）主题句在段中或段末：关注一些表示转折的连词：but, yet, hwever, in fact等，这些词后面的句子往往可能是主题句。关注一些表总结性、结论性的词： in brief/in shrt/abve all/all in all/in a wrd等，这些词后面跟的通常也是主题句。
（3） 无明显主题句时要寻找高频词汇：任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开叙述讨论的，因此有的文章的最明显的特点之一就是有一个反复出现的高频词汇，我们也称之为中心词，也叫主题词，抓住了它，就抓住了文章的中心。
主旨大意题的设题方式：（1）主题型主旨大意的题干表现形式： The main idea f the passage is…The passage is mainly abut…What is the passage mainly abut?Which is the best title f the passage?
（2）标题类主旨大意：What is the best title fr the text?The best title f the passage is…Which is the best title fr this passage?（3）目的类主旨大意：The passage is meant t …The purpse f this article is t …The authr intends t…
D yu want t live a happier, less stressful (有压力的) life? Try laughing fr n reasn at all. That's hw thusands f peple start their day at Laughter (笑声) Clubs arund the wrld and many dctrs nw think that having a gd laugh might be ne f the best ways t stay healthy. The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. “Yung children laugh abut 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day,” says Dr. Kataria. “Everyne's naturally gd at laughing—it's the universal language. We want peple t feel happy with their lives.” There are nw mre than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and ver 1,300 in the wrld.
Many dctrs are als interested in the effects (效果) f laughter n ur health. Accrding t a 5—year study at the UCLA Schl f Medicine in Califrnia, with laughing there is less stress in the bdy. Laughter imprves ur health against illness by abut 40%. S what happens at a Laughter Club? I went alng t my nearest club in Suth Lndn t find ut. I was quite nervus at the beginning f the class, t be hnest, I wasn't interested in laughing with a grup f strangers, and I was wrried abut lking stupid. Our laughter teacher tld us t clap ur hands and say “h h h, ha ha ha” while lking at each ther. Hwever, ur bdies can't tell the difference between real laughter and unreal laughter, s they still prduce the same healthy effects.
Surprisingly, it wrks! After ten minutes everybdy in the rm was laughing fr real and sme peple just culdn't stp! At the end f the class I was surprised by hw relaxed and cmfrtable I felt. S if yu're under stress, then start laughing. Yu might be very pleased with the results!
1. The first Laughter Club was started in ________.A. India B. America C. Britain D. China2. Hw many Laughter Clubs are there in the wrld tday?A. Over 300. B. Over 500. C. Over 800. D. Over 1,300.3. Hw did the writer feel at the beginning f the class?A . Surprised. B. Pleased. C. Nervus. D. Tired.4. When did the peple in the club begin t laugh fr real?A. After ten minutes. B. After ten hurs. C. After ten secnds. D. After ten days.
5. The article mainly tells us ________.A. yung children laugh much mre ften than adults in a dayB. laughing is ne f the best ways t stay healthyC. many dctrs are als interested in the effects f laughter n ur healthD. nly real laughter is gd fr health
答案：A D C A B
本类型主要是围绕饮食问题、医疗、卫生及健康、运动和保健等方面选取实际的材料来设题。体裁有记叙文、说明文、议论文和各种应用文。健康保健类阅读主要考查学生把握大意、理解细节的能力。
细节理解题目： 细节理解：掌握具体事实和重要细节，阅读文章时，要求学生养成辨认和记忆具体事实、重要细节的习惯。因为具体事实、重要细节是主题句的扩展、补充、说明或例证，是用来支持和说明中心思想的，而且是阅读理解测试的重要组成部分。
细节理解题目的问法：Which f the fllwing is nt true? We can learn/infer frm the passage that… Which f the fllwing is NOT mentined abut …? Sme peple are… because….
解决细节题目的三大法宝： 顺序原则、定位词、排除法 （1） 顺序原则：一般来说隐含题目答案的位置与题目的顺序是一致的，这能帮助我们缩小寻找范围，大大提高效率。我们做题时可以采用采用步步为营法，看一题做一题。
（2） 通过定位词寻找出题点：定位词和主题句是英语阅读理解解题方法的最重要的两个要素，前者适用于解答细节理解题，后者用于解答主旨大意题。通过定位词解题，就是说我们在阅读题干的时候迅速的把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划记出来，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。 我们首先要关注的是表示人名、地名等的专有名词和表示年份、数字、百分数等的数词，以及题干中出现的大写的名词。
（3）排除法：因为有的时候如果是给填空题让我们做，我们也许不能填出正确答案，但是如果给出四个选项让我们选的话，我们可以通过对比排除错误选项。
主旨大意题目主旨大意：依据主题句定短文的中心：任意一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心展开并且由段落组成的；段落之间有着内在的紧密联系，而表达段落主题的句子叫主题句，所以做主旨大意题需要我们找对主题句。
主题句的位置：（1） 通常在段首：主题句在段落或者文章的开头部分，起着开宗明义、点明主题的作用，使读者一开始就明白文章讲的内容主旨，而支撑句则使用一些具体的人、物、数字和具体的步骤来阐述或者论证。（2）主题句在段中或段末：关注一些表示转折的连词：but, yet, hwever, in fact等，这些词后面的句子往往可能是主题句。关注一些表总结性、结论性的词： in brief/in shrt/abve all/all in all/in a wrd等，这些词后面跟的通常也是主题句。
（3） 无明显主题句时要寻找高频词汇：任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开叙述讨论的，因此有的文章的最明显的特点之一就是有一个反复出现的高频词汇，我们也称之为中心词，也叫主题词，抓住了它，就抓住了文章的中心。
主旨大意题的设题方式：（1）主题型主旨大意的题干表现形式： The main idea f the passage is…The passage is mainly abut…What is the passage mainly abut?Which is the best title f the passage?
（2）标题类主旨大意：What is the best title fr the text?The best title f the passage is…Which is the best title fr this passage?（3）目的类主旨大意：The passage is meant t …The purpse f this article is t …The authr intends t…
D yu want t live a happier, less stressful (有压力的) life? Try laughing fr n reasn at all. That's hw thusands f peple start their day at Laughter (笑声) Clubs arund the wrld and many dctrs nw think that having a gd laugh might be ne f the best ways t stay healthy. The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. “Yung children laugh abut 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day,” says Dr. Kataria. “Everyne's naturally gd at laughing—it's the universal language. We want peple t feel happy with their lives.” There are nw mre than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and ver 1,300 in the wrld.
Many dctrs are als interested in the effects (效果) f laughter n ur health. Accrding t a 5—year study at the UCLA Schl f Medicine in Califrnia, with laughing there is less stress in the bdy. Laughter imprves ur health against illness by abut 40%. S what happens at a Laughter Club? I went alng t my nearest club in Suth Lndn t find ut. I was quite nervus at the beginning f the class, t be hnest, I wasn't interested in laughing with a grup f strangers, and I was wrried abut lking stupid. Our laughter teacher tld us t clap ur hands and say “h h h, ha ha ha” while lking at each ther. Hwever, ur bdies can't tell the difference between real laughter and unreal laughter, s they still prduce the same healthy effects.
Surprisingly, it wrks! After ten minutes everybdy in the rm was laughing fr real and sme peple just culdn't stp! At the end f the class I was surprised by hw relaxed and cmfrtable I felt. S if yu're under stress, then start laughing. Yu might be very pleased with the results!
1. The first Laughter Club was started in ________.A. India B. America C. Britain D. China2. Hw many Laughter Clubs are there in the wrld tday?A. Over 300. B. Over 500. C. Over 800. D. Over 1,300.3. Hw did the writer feel at the beginning f the class?A . Surprised. B. Pleased. C. Nervus. D. Tired.4. When did the peple in the club begin t laugh fr real?A. After ten minutes. B. After ten hurs. C. After ten secnds. D. After ten days.
5. The article mainly tells us ________.A. yung children laugh much mre ften than adults in a dayB. laughing is ne f the best ways t stay healthyC. many dctrs are als interested in the effects f laughter n ur healthD. nly real laughter is gd fr health
答案：A D C A B
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