外研版英语九年级下 Module 4 重点知识梳理
展开Module 4 Rules and suggestions
重要知识点讲解
Unit 1
一、重点表达
set off 动身;出发
go off 离开
in one go 一口气;一下子
rock climbing攀岩
二、形容词修饰不定代词
Can we have something to eat now?我们现在能吃点东西吗?
[点拨]
修饰something, nothing, anything, somebody, nobody等的形容词和动词不定式要放在代词后面。
I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情要告诉你。
三、Come on
Come on! I’ll lead the way.走吧!我来带路。
[点拨]
come on 不同的语境中有不同的意思。
1.Come on — we’re going to be late if you don’t hurry.
快点儿—你不快点儿我们就要迟到了。
2.
— It’ll take at least two hours to do this!
— Come on! I could do it in 20 minutes.
— 至少要花两个小时才能干完! — 得了吧!我二十分钟就能干完。
四、get lost
…so you don’t get lost. 这样你就不会迷路了。
[点拨]
get lost 走失;迷路
I easily get lost. 我容易迷路。
[拓展]
类似词组:get stuck 陷进; get dressed 穿衣服; get married 结婚; get used to 习惯于……
五、辨析cross / across / through
1.across: 从某物的表面“横过”。
My house is across the river.我家在河对岸。
2.through: 从某个空间“穿过”。
The company I work for went through a rough patch. 我所在的公司经历了一段困难时期。
3.cross: across和cross仅差一字,易混淆。区别在于词性和使用场合有所不同。across是介词;cross是动词。
They have crossed over to Japan. 他们已东渡去日本了。
Unit 2
一、...the three of us were tired after walking for about eight hours.
步行了约八个小时之后,我们三个人都很累。
[点拨]
the 用在数词前, 表示特指。
the three of us 我们三个人 (一共就三个人)
There are eight people in the team. The eight of them will have dinner together tonight. 队里有八个人。他们八个今晚一起吃饭。
three of us 我们中的三个人 (不止三个人)
There are 10 people in the office and eight of them are women. 办公室有十个人,有八个是女的。
二、see sb./sth. doing sth.
Suddenly, I saw a baby bear playing with some sticks and stones. 突然间,我看到一直小熊在玩树枝和石头.
[点拨]
see sb./sth. doing sth.
看到某人正在做某事或某事正在发生
I saw him crossing the road. 我看到他正在过马路。
三、remember doing sth.
[点拨]
1.remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
I remembered inviting him this morning, but he
was too busy to come. 我记得今天上午邀请过他了,可他太忙不能来了。
2.remember to do sth. 记住要做某事
Remember to invite Tom to your birthday party. 记住邀请汤姆参加你的生日聚会。
四、重点表达
pay attention 注意
wear proper clothes 穿合适的衣服
the edge of the hill path 山路的边缘
hurt oneself 伤到自己
keep together 在一起;协同一致
get lost 走失;迷路
on one’s own 独立地
lead the way 引路; 带路
Unit 3
一、情态动词
1.定义:表示可能、怀疑、允诺、愿望、义务、必要、猜测等的动词是情态动词。
2.语法特征:
1)情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
2)情态动词 除ought 和have 外,后面只能接不带to 的不定式。
3)情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
4)情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式,分词,等形式。
3.常用情态动词:can, could, may, might, must, need, shall, will, should, would…
1)can, could
①表示能力(体力, 知识, 技能), 常用情态动词can和could表达。
Can you lift this heavy box? (体力)
Mary can speak three languages. (知识)
Can you skate? (技能)
②表示请求和允许。
—Can I go now?
—Yes, you can.
此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could, might代替,但could, might并不表示过去式,只是语气更委婉。
③表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。
This hall can hold 500 people at least. 这个大厅至少可以容纳500人。
④表示推测 (惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度),用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
Can this be true? 这是真的吗?
This can’t be done by him.这是他做不到的。
2)may, might
①表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉,而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t 或mustn’t,表示“不可以,禁止”。
--Might / May I smoke in this room? --No, you mustn’t.
—我可以在这件房里吸烟吗?—不可以。
May I ...?征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气,Can I ...?在口语中更常见。
②用于祈使句,表示祝愿。
May you succeed! 祝你成功!
③表示推测、可能性 (不用于疑问句)。might不是过去式,可能性比may小。
He may / might be very busy now. 他现在可能正忙。
3)must, have to
①表示命令、禁止、不得不。
You must come in time.你必须准时到达。
否定回答, 不能用mustn’t (禁止, 不准),而用needn’t, don’t have to (不必)。
②must是主观看法,have to强调客观需要。must只有一般现在时,have to 有更多的时态。
His play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.
I had to work when I was your age.
③表推测、可能性(用于肯定的陈述句)。
You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.你是汤姆的好朋友,所以你一定知道他最喜欢什么。
4)shall, should
① shall 用于第一人称,征求对方的意见。
What shall we do this evening?
②shall 用于第二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
You shall fail if you don’t work hard. (警告)
He shall have the book when I finish it. (允诺)
He shall be punished. (威胁)
5)will, would
①表示请求、建议等,would更委婉。
Will / Would you pass me the ball, please?
②表示意志、愿望和决心。
I will never do that again. They asked him if he would go abroad.
③would表过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表过去习惯时比used to 正式,且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。
During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.度假的时候,他每隔一天都会来看我。
④表示估计和猜想。
It would be about ten o’clock when she left home. 她离家时大约是十点钟。
6)should, ought to
①should, ought to表示“应该”,ought to表示义务或责任,比should语气重。
I should help her because she is in trouble.
You ought to take care of the baby.
②表示劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to可通用,但在疑问句中常用should。
You should / ought to go to class right away.
Should I open the window?
③表示推测
should/ ought to表示客观推测,而must表示的是主观推测
He must be home by now. (断定他已到家)
He ought to/should be home by now. (不太肯定)
This is where the oil must be. (直爽)
This is where the oil ought to/should be.(含蓄)