2021中考英语复习课件：话题十七　世界与环境(共42张PPT)

这是一份2021中考英语复习课件：话题十七　世界与环境(共42张PPT)，共42页。PPT课件主要包含了-2-，-3-，-4-，-5-，-6-，-7-，-8-，-9-，-10-，-11-等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ.洲、国家、地域级别名词1.　　　　　　　　世界　　　　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　　亚洲 3.　　　　　 非洲4.　　　　　 欧洲5.　　　　　 美洲;美国6.　　 　　　 澳洲;澳大利亚7.　　　　　 国家8.　　　　　 中国9.　　　　　 日本10.　　　　　 英国11.　　　　　 法国12.　　　　　 德国
wrld　Asia　Africa　Eurpe　AmericaAustralia　cuntry　China　Japan　BritainFrance　Germany　
13.　　　　　 俄国14.　　　　　 加拿大15.　　　　　 印度16.　　　　　 韩国17.　　　　　 首都,省会18.　　　　　 城市19.　　　　　 县,郡20.　　　　　 镇21.　　 　　　 农村,乡下22.　　　　　 村庄
Russia　CanadaIndia　Krea　capitalcity　cunty　twn　cuntrysidevillage　
形容词23.　　　　　 外国的24.　　　　　 亚洲的25.　　　　　 非洲的26.　　　　　 欧洲的27.　　　　　 美国的28.　　　　　 中国的29.　　　　　 日本的30.　　　　　 澳洲的31.　　　　　 英国的32.　　　　　 英文的33.　　　　　 法国的34.　　　　　 德国的35.　　　　　 俄国人的
freign　Asian　AfricanEurpean　American　Chinese　JapaneseAustralianBritish　English　FrenchGerman　Russian　
36.　　　　　 加拿大的37.　　　　　 印度的38.　　　　　 国家的39.　　 　　　 国际的40.　　　　　 地方的
Candian　Indiannatinal　internatinal　lcal
Ⅱ.自然环境名词1.　　　　　 自然2.　　 　　　 环境3.　　　　　 地域;地区4.　　　　　 森林5.　　　　　 木;木头6.　　　　　 田地7.　　　　　 高山8.　　　　　 小山9.　　　　　 洞
nature　envirnment　area　frest　wdfield　muntain　hill　hle　
10.　　　　　 河11.　　　　　 湖12.　　　　　 池;水塘13.　　　　　 岛14.　　　　　 海岸15.　　　　　 海洋16.　　　　　 大海17.　　　　　 波浪18.　　　　　 沙滩19.　　　　　 冰20.　　　　　 沙子21.　　　　　 岩石22.　　　　　 地面23.　　　　　 陆地
riverlakepl　islandcast　cean　sea　wave　beach　ice　sandrck　grund　land　
24.　　　　　 河岸25.　　　　　 石头26.　 　　 　 太平洋27.　　　　　 水28.　　　　　 空气29.　　　　　 土壤30.　　　　　 煤31.　　　　　 油32.　　　　　 钢,钢铁33.　　　　　 地震34.　　　　　 烧伤35.　　　　　 污染36.　　　　　 火37.　　　　　 改变
bank　stne　the Pacific(Ocean)　water　air　sil　cal　il　steel　earthquake　burnpllutin　fire　change　
38.　　　　　 千米(公里)39.　　　　　 米,公尺40.　　　　　 英里41.　　　　　 烟
kilmetremetre　mile　smke　
动词42.　　　　　 出现43.　　　　　 避免44.　　　　　 引起45.　　　　　 改变46.　　　　　 冒烟47.　　　　　 节省48.　　　　　 处理49.　　　　　 扔掉50.　　　　　 死 51.　　　　　 伤害
appear　avidcause　change　smke　save　dealthrw　die　hurt　
形容词52.　　　　　   自然的53.　　　　 　  高的54.　　　　　  严重的55.　　　　 　  巨大的短语56.　　　　　　　　　　到处57.　　　　　　　　　　名胜古迹 58.　　　　　　　 扑灭,关闭(灯)59.　　　　　　　 砍倒60.　　　　　　　 让开,不接近61.　　　　　　　 用完62.　　　　　　　 爆发
natural　 highserius　large　all ver　place f interestput ut　cut dwn　keep ff　run ut fbreak ut
Ⅲ.写作句型1.保护环境是每个人的责任。2.世界人口变得越来越多。3.我们应该充分利用纸张。4.全球变暖是最严重的环境问题之一。
It’s everyne’s duty t prtect the envirnment.
The ppulatin f the wrld is becming larger and larger.
We ught t make full use f paper.
Glbal warming is ne f the mst serius envirnmental prblems.
5.当你离开房间的时候不要忘记关灯。6.作为学生,我应该记住拯救地球从小事做起。7.我们不应该到处扔垃圾,我们应该把垃圾扔在垃圾箱里。8.如果每个人都能为保护环境做贡献,我们将会生活在一个更美好的世界。
Dn’t frget t turn ff the lights when yu leave the rm.
As a students, I shuld remember saving the earth begins with small things.
We shuldn’t thrw the rubbish everywhere. We are suppsed t thrw the rubbish int the trash bins.
If everyne can make a cntributin t prtecting ur envirnment, we will live in a better wrld.
一、语法选择阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从1~10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。It’s very imprtant that we all recycle.In nature,everything 　1　 again.Fr example,when an animal dies,it becmes 　2　 animal’s fd.Nthing is wasted.But humans have created things like plastic bags 　3　 can’t be brken dwn by nature. Our rubbish kills animals and 　4　 water and sil. 　5　 we cntinue making t much rubbish,the prblem will nly get wrse.If nature can’t reuse the rubbish,we must recycle 　6　. 
We shuld clean up the rubbish we’ve made because nature can’t.Recycling is als the right thing t d fr anther reasn.The earth is rich in natural materials like water and trees, 　7　 these materials are nt endless(无尽的).We use up ur natural materials 　8　 faster than the earth is able t reprduce(再生)them.Fr example,each year we cut 　9　 mre than 6,000 square miles f frest.But it takes an average f 25 years fr a new tree 　10　.Recycling can help us save the earth,s let’s take actin right nw. 
(　　) B.is used C.used D.uses(　　) B.thers C.the ther D.anther(　　) B.which C.what D.hw(　　) B.plluted C.plluting D.is plluted (　　) B.Why C.If D.Unless(　　) B.itC.itself D.their(　　) B.sC.and D.r(　　) B.mre C.much D.many(　　) B.dwn C.up D.ff(　　) B.grwing C.t grw D.grwn
二、完形填空通读下面短文,掌其大意,然后在每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案。Fr thusands f years, peple farmed the land. They grew fruits and vegetables. They hunted and fished fr meat. They 　1　 clth, dyes(染料)and paper frm plants. They used stne and metal fr weapns and tls. Peple prgressed t making machines pwered 　2　 water and steam(蒸汽),and even later, by cal, il, and petrl. Large cities were built. Factries 　3　 f machines created jbs in the cities fr thusands f peple. The Industrial Revlutin( 工业革命)changed the lives f many peple because, fr the first time, mre peple lived in cities than n 　4　. 
Cmpanies built pwer plants(工厂)t make 　5　 t run the machines, factries and cities. Peple did nt realize these activities were 　6　 the Earth. They didn’t realize hw 　7　 il, gas, cal and minerals were being used up. 　8　 cities grew bigger and spread acrss the land, plants and animals began t disappear. Their nature hmes were destryed(破坏)as peple mved int new places. As time passed, peple began t 　9　 the need t prtect the Earth and its natural resurces(资源).They saw that plants and animals needed prtectin, s they wuldn’t disappear frever. Peple jined tgether t tell 　10　 arund the wrld t cnserve(节约)ur natural resurces and care fr the Earth. And s, Earth Day was brn. Each year mre and mre peple take part in Earth Day. What can yu d t help? 
(　　)B.washedC.madeD.mixed (　　)B.frC.withD.by(　　)B.prudC.sickD.shrt (　　)B.riversC.grasslandsD.farms(　　)B.waterC.electricityD.il(　　)B.harmingC.wastingD.lsing (　　)B.hardlyC.quicklyD.slwly　(　　)B.IfC.AsD.Thugh(　　)B.seeC.rememberD.get(　　)B.therC.antherD.thers
三、阅读理解阅读A、B两篇短文,从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。AIt’s nt WASTE until it is WASTED!With the Wrld Envirnment Day cming,ur schl is nw requiring every student t frm a habit f srting the waste.
Here in ur schlyard we lay fur different clrs f rubbish bins fr different kinds f rubbish.The red is fr harmful waste;the blue is fr waste that can be recycled(循环再用);the green is fr kitchen waste;the yellw is fr ther waste.
The fllwing are sme instructins fr yu.Glass:Empty bttles withut caps can be recycled t make new glass bttles.Warning:Mirrrs and light bulbs(电灯泡)must nt be included in the glass waste.Paper:Newspapers,magazines,bxes must be clean enugh t be recycled.Warning:Paper tissues(餐纸)and wall paper are nt recyclable as paper and shuld be kept separately.
PMD waste:Packaging made f plastic r metal and drink bxes are used t make new packaging.Warning:Plastic pts ( pts),plastic bags must nt be included with the PMD waste.Harmful waste:ut-f-date drugs,used batteries(电池),paint and ,if yu dn’t need yur ld bikes at all,ur schl vlunteers will cllect them.We’re ging t fix them up and then give them away t kids wh dn’t have enugh mney fr a bike.T find ut mre abut recycling,yu can visit ur schl website.
(　　)1.Accrding t the passage,　　　　　　 different clrs f rubbish bins are laid in the schlyard. A.4B.5 C.6 D.7(　　)2.The fish bnes(骨)shuld be thrwn in the 　　　　　　bin. A.redB.green C.blue D.yellw(　　)3.Frm the passage,we can see that 　　　　　　are harmful t the envirnment. A.paper tissuesB.empty bttlesC.drink bxesD.ut-f-date drugs
(　　)4.If yu give yur ld bike t the vlunteers,it will be 　　　　　　. A.sld t cllect mney fr the pr kidsB.fixed up and given back t yu fr freeC.fixed up and given away t the pr kidsD.given away immediately t the pr kids(　　)5.The main purpse f this passage is 　　　　　　. A.t lk fr vlunteers fr waste srtingB.t intrduce waste srting t the studentsC.t intrduce the Wrld Envirnment DayD.t advertise glass,paper and plastic prducts
BCars make ur lives mre cnvenient. But they can als be a prblem. Fr example, fssil fuel(化石燃料) cars mainly cause air pllutin.T imprve the envirnment, many cuntries are develping electric vehicles(EVs,电动车). Amng them, China is taking a leading rle and has created the wrld’s largest EV market.Last year, ver 40 percent f the 753,000 EVs sld in the wrld were sld in China, mre than twice as many as the number sld in the United States.“Filling up a fssil fuel car with gas(汽油) is mre expensive than charging(充电) an electric car,” said Wu Ha, wh bught an electric car this year.
Hwever, there are still sme prblems. It can be hard t find charging piles(充电桩) and the cars can’t g far befre needing t be recharged.Sme f these prblems are being slved. In 2014, China had 31,000 charging piles. Nw China has the wrld’s largest EV charging netwrk, with mre than 167,000 charging piles in ttal.Develping EVs is ne f many effrts that China has made t cut dwn pressure n its envirnment after the gvernment prmised t stp increases in carbn dixide emissins(二氧化碳排放量) by 2030.“As China ges, s will the wrld’s car industry,” the Wall Street Jurnal said. China has taken a leading rle in the wrld’s electric vehicle industry.
(　　)6.　　　　　　 mainly cause air pllutin accrding t the passage. A.SubwaysB.Sharing bikesC.Electric vehiclesD.Fssil fuel cars(　　)7.Over 　　　　　　electric vehicles were sld in China last year. A.150,600B.167,000C.301,200D.753,000
(　　)8.What did Wu Ha think f charging an electric car?A.It’s mre expensive that filling up a fssil fuel car with ’s less expensive than filling up a fssil fuel car with ’s as expensive as filling up a fssil fuel car with ’s as cheap as filling up a fssil fuel car with gas.(　　)9.Which cuntry has the wrld’s largest EV charging netwrk nw?A.America.B.Germany.C.China. D.England.(　　)10.What is the passage mainly abut?A.China has taken a leading rle in the wrld’s electric vehicle cars will disappear in the is n prblem using electric t deal with air pllutin.
C配对阅读。左栏是5个人情况的描述,右栏是七种废弃物的处理办法,请为每个人选择最合适的一项,并将其字母编号写在题号前的括号内。(　　)11.Tim graduated frm university. He has sme useful bks which helped him pass the exams. But nw they are nt valuable t him. He wanted t give them away t thers.(　　)12.Jacky is fnd f drinking a bttle f beer each meal. Nw he has cllected many f the beer bttles. He hped t make sme mney by selling them ut.
(　　)13.Mary was brn in a rich family. She culd buy any clthes she liked frm the shps. But she never wre them mre than three times. She thught it was a waste. S she wanted t give them away t thse wh needed them.(　　)14.Lucy’s sfa was brken last week. Tday she bught a new set f sfa. She had n rm fr the ld sfa and she wuld like t find a place t put it.(　　)15.Jhn’s iphne didn’t wrk this mrning because it was shrt f electricity. After checking with it, he fund smething wrng with the battery. He had t buy a new ne and put the ld ne int a certain dustbin.
A.We are the students in the pr are a in China. Nw it is cld winter. We dn’t have enugh clthes t keep us warm. If yu have sme clthes yu dn’t need, please send them t us. We will appreciate yur ’t thrw yur ld btles here and three. In ur park, yu have t put them int the dustbins arund yu. Remember nt t break the bttles, r they may hurt yu r the cleaners wh g t clean is the schl library. Yu are allwed t d sme reading here. If yu have sme bks which yu dn’t need, yu can give them away t us. We’ll be thankful t yur ur waste cllecting shp, yu can sell all the things yu dn’t need, such as ld newspapers, paper bags, bttles and s n. We will ffer yu a very high price fr yur ld things.
E.If yu have ld furniture yu dn’t need, yu can give them away t the charity. Maybe smene else needs it. Dn’t thrw it int the batteries can d great harm t the earth where yu thrw them. They will pllute the earth fr a lng time. S, dn’t thrw yur ld batteries everywhere. Just put them int a certain dusbin which has the best way t deal with dustbin is set here fr the visitrs t thrw their waste, especially smething that can be recycled. Batteries and smething like them are nt allwed t thrw here.
四、短文填空请用适当的词完成下面的短文。每个空只能填写一个形式正确,意义相符的单词。Sandstrms are strng,dry winds that carry sand.They are ften 1. 　　　　　　 thick that yu cannt see the sun.Nrthwest China is part f the sandstrm centre in Central Asia.There have been 2. 　　　　　　 sandstrms in China in recent years than befre as a result f “desertificatin”.This happens when lands becme 3. 　　　　　　 because f climate(气候) changes and because peple 4. 　　　　　　 dwn trees and dig up grass.
The Chinese Central Weather Statin can frecast(预报) a sandstrm sme weeks 5. 　　　　　　 it reaches Beijing,but the pwer(威力) f the strm may still surprise peple.Weather experts advise peple nt t g ut when a sandstrm 6. 　　　　　　 in the city.A man 7. 　　　　　　 lives in Beijing tld the reprters,“T ride 8. 　　　　　　 bike in a sandstrm is terrible.The winds are s strng that 9. 　　　　　　 difficult t breathe and the dust makes me ill.”The desert is nly 250 kilmeters away t the west f Beijing.T 10. 　　　　　　 it cming nearer,the gvernment has planted ver 30 billin trees and plans t cntinue planting fr the next five years.
prevent/stp
A. 回答问题阅读短文,根据所提供的信息完成下列问题。Smetimes we thrw apple remains int frests, hping small animals arund may find them. But what if they are never nticed? Peple believe they wuld rt(腐烂) ne day. S it desn’t matter. Is that true?Sure they will. But it wn’t happen vernight.Marjrie Wdruff, wrks in the Grand Canyn, set up a small experiment. She put a banana peel(皮), range peels in a bx, wide enugh t allw small animals t g in and ut. After six mnths, the range peels had dried ut, the banana had tuned black. Nthing had been eaten r had rtted.
She buried the same things in sand and sil and six mnths later everything culd still be seen.In fact, it takes tw mnths fr apple remains t rt and an range peel can take up t ne year.“D we eat range peels? We d nt. S why wuld a squirrel (松鼠) eat?” Wdruff writes in High Cuntry News. “The animals d just fine n nuts and berries. They d nt need us. ”There’s anther pint t think abut.When animals start t get fd frm peple, they may stp lking fr their wn fd in nature. This is dangerus because it may weaken their hunting ability. Besides, they need different fd.
Fd waste als attracts animals t areas where there are a lt f peple, says the Leave N Trace rganizatin. This may put their life in danger as they may get used t lking fr fd alngside busy rads. Many f them are t small t be nticed by drivers.When yu’re thrwing fruit remains, yu may be fined (罚款) . Fines are different. Sme states might nly fine peple $100, but a few states fine peple mre than $6,000 fr a first time.
1.Where des Marjrie Wdruff wrk?2.Hw lng des it take fr apple remains t rt?3.Which animal is mentined?4.Hw much might yu be fined at least if yu thrw fruit remains?5.Why can’t we give fd waste t animals?
In the Grand Canyn　　
A squirrel
100 dllars
Because animals need different fd and fd waste may put their life in danger by weakening their hunting ability and attracting them t busy rads.
B. 书面表达废物在我们周围随处可见。我们要处理好废物,保护我们的环境。请你以“Hw t Deal With the Waste”为题写一篇词数为80左右的短文(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。内容包括:1.废物处理的重要性;2.如何处理废物(至少提三点建议);3.呼吁大家要处理好废物,保护环境。
Hw t Deal with the Waste The wastes are everywhere arund us.If we dn’t deal with them,