高中英语Unit 4 Global warming巩固练习

这是一份高中英语Unit 4 Global warming巩固练习，共8页。试卷主要包含了写作词汇，阅读词汇，根据汉语及括号内的提示完成句子，阅读理解，短文改错等内容，欢迎下载使用。

课后篇巩固提升
一、写作词汇
复习Reading部分的词汇,完成下列小对话或语段。
1.—The by said he culd lift the heavy stne.
—There’s n (疑问) abut it.
答案dubt
2.—I (瞥见) at Tm in the street just nw.
—Impssible.It can’t be him.He’s gne t Shanghai.
答案glanced
3.—Hw ften d yu (订阅) newspapers?
—It depends,but usually twice a year.
答案subscribe t
4.—There’s a (稳定的) increase in the temperature during the recent years.
—Yes,it has been like this fr a few years.
答案steady
5.The scientist (声称) that the temperature is ging t (继续) (上升) fr decades r centuries (即使) we start t reduce the amunt f carbn dixide and ther greenhuse gases.
答案stated;keep n;ging up;even if
二、阅读词汇
复习Reading部分的词汇,写出画线部分的汉语意思。
Dear Ray,
Recently,ur manager tld me t srt ut the fuel 1. cnsumptin in ur cmpany and draw a graph 2. t shw hw much fuel is cnsumed 3. per mnth.
I dn’t want t make the graph at randm 4. .Culd yu please help me cllect sme useful data 5. s that I can make a detailed graph?
I wuld appreciate it if yu can help me.
Lking frward t yur early reply!
Yurs,
Li Hua
答案1.燃料 2.图表 3.消费 4.随便地 5.资料
三、根据汉语及括号内的提示完成句子
1.他声明他迟到是因为高速公路上车辆过多。(state;due t)
He that his lateness the very heavy traffic n the mtrway.
答案stated;was due t
2.这次事件导致她失去了所拥有的一切。(cnsequence)
She lst everything she wned the event.
答案as a cnsequence f
3.这里夏天雨水多,干燥的天气少。(tend;rather than)
It a lt here in summer be dry.
答案tends t rain;rather than
4.小吉姆不愿意到这里来,即使这里有给孩子们提供的各种活动。(range)
Little Jim is unwilling t cme here even if there is fr children.
答案a full range f activities
5.这个国家的人口每年都以稳定的速度在增长。(steady)
The ppulatin f the cuntry is grwing per year.
答案at a steady rate
6.尽管她有时很恼人,但我还是喜欢她。
I like her she can be annying.
答案even if/thugh
7.毫无疑问,我们的实验将会成功。(dubt)
ur experiment will succeed.
答案There is n dubt that
8.在过去的10年里,我的家乡发生了极大的变化。(take place)
in my hmetwn in the past ten years.
答案Great changes have taken place
9.请告诉我事故是怎么发生的。(cme abut)
Please tell me .
答案hw the accident cme abut
10.他强烈反对这个计划。(be ppsed t)
He this plan.
答案is strngly ppsed t
四、阅读理解
A
A new study shws that rising levels f planet-warming gases may reduce imprtant nutrients in fd crps.
Researchers studied the effects f carbn dixide n rice.In the experiment,scientists grew 18 kinds f rice in fields in China and Japan.They set carbn dixide levels t what scientists predict fr ur planet by the end f the century.Rice grwn under high carbn dixide cnditins had,n average,13 t 30 percent lwer levels f fur B vitamins and 10 percent less prtein(蛋白质).The crps als had 8 percent less irn and 5 percent less zinc than rice grwn under nrmal cnditins.Hwever,vitamin E levels increased by abut 13 percent n average.
The researchers said the effects f planet-warming gases wuld be mst severe fr the prest citizens in sme f the least develped cuntries.These peple generally eat the mst rice and have the least cmplex diets.That includes abut 600 millin peple in Indnesia,Cambdia,Myanmar,Bangladesh,Las and ther natins,mainly in Sutheast Asia.
Other studies have shwn that higher temperatures resulting frm climate change and extreme weather will reduce fd prductin.But scientists are finding that rising levels f carbn dixide and ther planet-warming gases threaten fd quality.
Earlier studies shwed that wheat,rice,peas and sybeans grwn under high carbn dixide cnditins all had lwer levels f prtein and minerals.Scientists predicted that almst 150 millin peple might be at risk f having t little prtein r zinc in their diet by 2050.
The new study suggests a way t lwer the nutritinal harm f climate change.That is t grw different frms f rice that can adapt t higher carbn dixide levels.
1.Grwing rice under high carbn dixide cnditins may .
A.increase irn in the rice
B.make it mre delicius
C.cause a lss f vitamin E
D.make it less nutritius
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ricegrwnunderhighcarbndixidecnditinshad,naverage,13t30percentlwerlevelsffurBvitaminsand10percentlessprtein(蛋白质).Thecrpsalshad8percentlessirnand5percentlesszincthanricegrwnundernrmalcnditins.”可知,在二氧化碳含量高的条件下生长的水稻所含的营养物质比正常情况下生长的水稻少了很多。故D项正确。
2.Hwcanpeplereducethenutritinalharmfclimatechange?
A.ByimprtingricefrmChinaandJapan.
B.Bytakingtherkindsffdinsteadfrice.
C.ByavidingeatingricefrmSutheastAsia.
D.Bygrwingricesuitablefrtheenvirnment.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知,减少气候变化对水稻营养破坏的方法是种植一些能够适应二氧化碳含量较高的气候条件的水稻品种。故D项正确。
3.What’stheauthr’spurpsefwritingthetext?
A.Tinfrmreadersfwhatnutrientsfdcrpscntain.
B.Tcallnpepletcarefrtheplanettheyliven.
C.Tsharetheresultsfsmestudiesnpeple’sdiets.
D.Ttellreaderswherefdcrpsaremainlyprduced.
答案B
解析写作意图题。根据文章第一段和倒数第二段可知,在二氧化碳含量高的条件下生长的水稻、小麦、豌豆、大豆等植物,其营养物质都有不同程度的丢失,这些对人类生存产生了威胁,因此本文是为了提醒人们关爱我们生活的地球。故B项正确。
4.Inwhichpartfamagazinecanyureadthetext?
A.Advertisement. B.Artsandculture.
C.Sciencereprt.D.Businessnews.
答案C
解析推理判断题。本文是一篇说明文,主要说明了温室气体可导致农作物营养含量降低,这属于科学研究的范围,与广告、文化艺术及商业新闻无关,故C项正确。
B
(2020全国Ⅰ高考)
The cnnectin between peple and plants has lng been the subject f scientific research.Recent studies have fund psitive effects.A study cnducted in Yungstwn,Ohi,fr example,discvered that greener areas f the city experienced less crime.In anther,emplyees were shwn t be 15% mre prductive when their wrkplaces were decrated with huseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT) have taken it a step further—changing the actual cmpsitin f plants in rder t get them t perfrm diverse,even unusual functins.These include plants that have sensrs printed nt their leaves t shw when they’re shrt f water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in grundwater.“We’re thinking abut hw we can engineer plants t replace functins f the things that we use every day,”explained Michael Stran,a prfessr f chemical engineering at MIT.
One f his latest prjects has been t make plants glw(发光) in experiments using sme cmmn vegetables.Stran’s team fund that they culd create a faint light fr three-and-a-half hurs.The light,abut ne-thusandth f the amunt needed t read by,is just a start.The technlgy,Stran said,culd ne day be used t light the rms r even t turn trees int self-pwered street lamps.
In the future,the team hpes t develp a versin f the technlgy that can be sprayed nt plant leaves in a ne-ff treatment that wuld last the plant’s lifetime.The engineers are als trying t develp an n and ff “switch” where the glw wuld fade when expsed t daylight.
Lighting accunts fr abut 7% f the ttal electricity cnsumed in the US.Since lighting is ften far remved frm the pwer surce(电源)—such as the distance frm a pwer plant t street lamps n a remte highway—a lt f energy is lst during transmissin(传输).Glwing plants culd reduce this distance and therefre help save energy.
5.What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A.A new study f different plants.
B.A big fall in crime rates.
C.Emplyees frm varius wrkplaces.
D.Benefits frm green plants.
答案D
解析段落大意题。由文章第一段可知,一项研究发现,城市绿化率越高的区域犯罪率越低;另一项研究发现,工作环境有室内植物装饰时,员工的效率提高15%。由此可知,本段主要讲绿色植物的好处。故选D项。
6.What is the functin f the sensrs printed n plant leaves by MIT engineers?
A.T detect plants’ lack f water.
B.T change cmpsitins f plants.
C.T make the life f plants lnger.
D.T test chemicals in plants.
答案A
解析细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“Theseincludeplantsthathavesensrsprintednttheirleavestshwwhenthey’reshrtfwater”可知,麻省理工学院的工程师们之所以在植物叶子上放置传感器,是想监测植物的缺水状况。故选A项。
7.What can we expect f the glwing plants in the future?
A.They will speed up energy prductin.
B.They may transmit electricity t the hme.
C.They might help reduce energy cnsumptin.
D.They culd take the place f pwer plants.
答案C
解析推理判断题。由文章最后两段,尤其是最后一段中的“Glwingplantsculdreducethisdistanceandtherefrehelpsaveenergy.”可推知,将来这种发光植物可能会有助于降低能源消耗。故选C项。
8.Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A.Can we grw mre glwing plants?
B.Hw d we live with glwing plants?
C.Culd glwing plants replace lamps?
D.Hw are glwing plants made pllutin-free?
答案C
解析标题归纳题。文章开门见山,指出人类与植物的联系一直是科研的主题;然后讲述麻省理工学院开展的研究,力求用植物代替日常用品的功能;接下来进一步阐述用普通蔬菜来发出光照亮房间,甚至将树木变成自供电的街灯。由此可知,文章最佳标题为:发光的植物能替代街灯吗?故选C项。
五、短文改错
Yesterday afternn my friends,Xia Ming,and I went skating n the lake.As sn as we gt here,we began t skate happily.Suddenly,I nticed smething usual.The mment I warned Xia Ming t take care f,the ice brke but he slipped int the water.I had n chice but cry fr help.After hearing my cry,a yung man rushed ver,jumped int the lake and tried my best t swim twards Xia Ming,that was struggling in the cld water.At last,Xia Ming was saved but the yung man left withut say anything.We were all deeply mved by what he have dne.
答案第一句:friends→friend
第二句:here→there
第三句:usual→unusual
第四句:去掉f;but→and
第五句:but后加t
第六句:第二个my→his;that→wh
第七句:say→saying
第八句:have→had