专题13 动词和动词短语-十年（2012-2021）高考英语真题分项详解（全国通用） 解析版

这是一份专题13 动词和动词短语-十年（2012-2021）高考英语真题分项详解（全国通用） 解析版，共22页。

专题13 动词和动词短语
【2021年】
1．（2021·天津卷）Henry David Thoreau was happy to ________ from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.
A．judge B．differ C．withdraw D．benefit
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：亨利·大卫·梭罗乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。A. judge判断；B. differ不同；C. withdraw抽身，撤退；D. benefit有益于。根据后文“seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life”可知Henry David Thoreau在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系，所以他乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，withdraw from“离开”。故选C。
2.（2021·天津卷）With that thought in mind, Pruitt 22 a plan and posted it on the community website. He 23 to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair-again for free. And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have the budget to buy one.
22．A．came up with B．stuck to C．gave up D．broke away from
23．A．remembered B．refused C．hesitated D．offered
【答案】22．A 23．D
【解析】22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：带着这个想法，Pruitt想出了一个计划，并把它发布在了社区网站上。A. came up with提出；B. stuck to坚持；C. gave up放弃；D. broke away from突然逃跑。根据后文“a plan and posted it on the community website”指想出了一个计划，come up with符合语境。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。A. remembered记得；B. refused拒绝；C. hesitated犹豫；D. offered提议。结合后文“to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it”指Pruitt提议为他人免费修车，offer to do sth.“主动提出做某事”。故选D。
3. （2021·浙江卷语法填空）It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ___36___ （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public.
…….
When the house was built, it was much smaller than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, "The little home ___40___ （paint）white.
【答案】36. has proved/has proven 40. was painted
【解析】36. 考查动词。句意：它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象，但林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可知，设空处作谓语动词，Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois作主语；结合句意及设空处后的时间状语从句since it opened to the public可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，符合现在完成时概念，故设空处用现在完成时；现在完成时结构是has/have +过去分词；主语Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，提示词prove 的过去分词形式是proved或proven。故填 has proved/ has proven。
40. 考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。
【2020年】
1.（2020·江苏卷）There will still be lots of challenges if we are to _____ garbage in a short time.
A. clarify B. justify C. satisfy D. classify
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类，仍然会有很多挑战。A. clarify澄清；B. justify证明；C. satisfy 满足；D. classify分类。根据空后garbage可知，此处指“对垃圾进行分类”。故选D。
2. （2020·江苏卷）The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, ______ a new generation of virtual reality.
A. allowing for B. accounting for C. calling for D. compensating for
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:6G的速度将超过125 GB/s，使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。A. allowing for使……成为可能，促进……的发生；B. accounting for解释；C. calling for需要，要求；呼吁；D. compensating for补偿。根据空前The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s可知，125 GB/s 的6G速度将使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。故选A。
3．（2020·天津卷）I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ______ him.
A．drank a toast to B．played a joke on
C．kept an eye on D．made an apology to
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我不在的时候从不担心我的儿子，因为我母亲会照看他。A. drank a toast to为……干杯；B. played a joke on开……的玩笑；C. kept an eye on照看，留意，密切注视；D. made an apology to向……道歉。因为母亲会“照看”我的儿子，所以“我”不在的时候从来不担心孩子。C选项符合语境，故选C。
4．（2020·天津卷）We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she ______, saying that she felt like walking.
A．understood B．accepted C．compromised D．declined
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们提出Sharon回家，但她拒绝了，说她想步行回去。A. understood 理解；B. accepted接受；C. compromised妥协；D. declined谢绝。根据“saying that she felt like walking”可知，Sharon想自己回家，所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议。故选D。
5．（2020·天津卷）We can’t ______ buying a new printer for our company. The one we have doesn’t work.
A．take up B．carry out C．keep on D．put off
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们不能推迟为公司买一台新打印机。我们现在的那个不运转了。A. take up占据；B. carry out实施；C. keep on 继续；D. put off推迟。根据“the one we have doesn’t work”可知，我们平时用的打印机不运转了。所以，我们必须马上买一台新打印机。即:我们不能“推迟”买打印机。故选D。
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】A city is the product of the human hand and mind, __________ man's intelligence and creativity.
A. resembling B. reflecting C. reviewing D. restoring
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：城市是人类的双手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。resembling像；reflecting反映；reviewing回顾；restoring恢复，根据题意，故选B。
2.【2019·天津卷】Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't ___________ what he was saying.
A. set aside B. take back
C. make out D. keep off
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词组辨析。句意： 凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音，但她听不清他在说什么。set aside“存储，留出”； take back“收回，拿回”；make out“辨认出，理解，了解”； keep off“（使）避开”。故选C。
【2018年】
1.【2018·天津】It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
A. display B. acquire
C. teach D. test
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。A display显示；B. acquire获得；C. teach教；D. test测试。故选B。
2.【2018·天津】At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confidence about her skills.
A. gave in B. dressed up
C. broke in D. turned up
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：起初，罗伯特不愿让他女儿去潜水，但最终他让步了，因为她对她的技能是如此的有把握。A. gave in屈服，让步；B. dressed up打扮；C. broke in闯入；打断；D. turned up出现。根据转折词but及原因as she was so confident about her skills.可知，最终他让步了。故选A。
3.【2018·江苏】Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which _______ a clear road map and timetable.
A. calls for B. calls on
C. calls off D. calls up
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：发展长江经济带是一项需要清晰的路线图和时间表的系统工程。A. calls for需要；B. calls on号召；C. calls off取消；D. calls up使想起。故选A。
4.【2018·江苏】Kids shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might _______ the things they see.
A. indicate B. investigate
C. imitate D. innovate
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：孩子不应该接触暴力电影，因为他们也许会模仿他们所见的事情。A. indicate指示；B. investigate调查；C. imitate模仿；D. innovate改革。故选C。
【2017年】
1. 【2017·天津卷】Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _____, get married, and have kids.
A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in
【答案】A
【解析】句意：布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来，结婚生子。A. 安顿下来；B. 远离；C.起床；D. 插嘴。根据句意，故选A。
2.【2017·江苏卷】A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _______ your year ahead.
A. shape B. switch C. stretch D. sharpen
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词的辨析。A. shape塑造，决定……的形成，影响……的发展；B. switch转变，交换，
调班；C. stretch拉长，拉紧，伸展，伸长，延伸消耗；D. sharpen提高，使尖锐，变得清晰。句意：快速
回顾一年的成败将会决定来年的发展。故选A。
3.【2017· 江苏】Working with the medical team in Africa has _______ the best in her as a doctor.
A. held out B. brought out C. picked out D. given out
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。held out坚持；提供机会；伸出手；B. brought out使显现，阐明，出版；
C.picked out使容易看见，找出精心挑选，认出来；D. given out用完，停止运行，分发，发出，公布。句
意：在非洲同医疗队一起工作已经使她表现出了作为医生最好的一面。这里取“使显现”之意，故选B。
【2016年】
1.【2016·江苏】He did not easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.
A. approach B. wrestle C. compromise D. communicate
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。动词approach靠近，接近；wrestle摔跤，斗争，努力解决；compromise妥协；和解；让步；communicate交流；句意：他并容易妥协，但是对于正义的事业，他愿意接受任何建设性的建议。根据句意可知C项正确。
2.【2016·江苏】Many businesses started up by college students have________thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.
A. fallen off B. taken off C. turned off D. left off
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。fall off跌落，下降；take off起飞，成功，受欢迎；turn off关闭；leave off停止，中断；根据句意可知B项正确。
3.【2016·江苏】Parents should actively urge their children to______the opportunity to join sports teams.
A. gain admission to B. keep track of C. take advantage of D. give rise to
【答案】C
【解析】考查短语辨析。动词短语gain admission to 获准进入；keep track of记录；take advantage of利用；give rise to引起；句意：父母亲应该积极鼓励孩子抓住机会参加体育活动。根据句意可知C项正确。
4.【2016·天津】Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she ____ her opinion on the subject.
A. gave voice to B. kept an eye on
C. turned a deaf ear of D. set foot on
【答案】A
【解析】句意：玛丽在讨论的前一部分是沉默的，但是最后她说出自己对这个话题的观点。A. 将……说出，透露，表明；B. 注意，照看；C.对......充耳不闻；D.踏上。根据语境，故选A。
5.【2016·天津】I’m going to _____ advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle.
A. put B. make C. take D. give
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我要利用这次旅行来探索这个城堡的历史。短语take advantage of意为“利用”，其他选项不能和advantage of搭配。故选C。
6.【2016·天津】I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to _____ a conversation with her.
A. carry on B. break into C. turn down D. cut off
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我讨厌她在上班的时候给我打电话。我总是太忙了不能和她进行谈话。A.进行；B.破门而入；C.拒绝，声音调低；D.切断。故选A。
7.【2016·浙江】We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite , rather than _______ us.
A. divide B. reject C. control D. abandon
【答案】A
【解析】句意：当我们学会让我们的差异联合起来而不是将我们分开的时候，我们就会获得很多。A. 将……分开；B. 拒绝，拒收；C.控制；D.放弃。根据语境，故选A。
8.【2016·浙江】When their children lived far away from them , these old people felt ______from the world.
A. carried away B. broken down C. cut off D. brought up
【答案】C
【解析】句意：当孩子远离他们生活的时候，这些老人感觉和世界隔绝了。Carry away带走，夺走；break down崩溃，破坏，抛锚，分解；cut off切断；bring up养育，培养。故选C。
9.【2016·浙江】When the time came to make the final decision for a course , I decided to apply for the one that ______my interest.
A. limited B. reserved C. reflected D. spoiled
【答案】C
【解析】句意：当最后决定课程的时候到了，我决定申请能反映我兴趣的课程。A.限制；B.保留；C.反映，反射；D.宠坏。故选C。
【2015年】
1.(2015﹒浙江)If steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to on the sea?
A. float B. drown C. shrink D. split
【答案】A
【解析】句意：既然铁重于水，为什么船可以浮在水面上。A. float意为漂浮， B. drown 意为淹死， C. shrink 意为收缩， D. split意为洒出。此题考查的是4个动词的词义辨析，正确理解这4个句子及结合常识可以得出答案。
2.(2015﹒浙江)We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or our emotions than for straight facts.
A. block off. B. appeal to C. subscribe to D. come across
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我们趋向于对于有一些记忆会比较清楚，这些东西是让我们激动或者是吸引我们的。A. block off.意为封锁， B. appeal to意为吸引， C. subscribe to意为订阅， D. come across意为遇到。该句的句式使用到了一个比较句式以及一个定语从句，看起来有一点复杂，其实这道题的关键就是连词or，or意思是或者，用于并列句。所以 our emotions表达是跟前面excite our senses（让我们激动）意思是相同的，根据句意不难得出答案是C吸引。
3.(2015﹒浙江)Body language can a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.
A. take away B. throw away C. put away D. give away
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析:句意:肢体语言可以透露很多的心情，所以把你的手折起来站着,表示你是有防范的。A意为拿走； B意为扔掉； C意为放好； D意为泄露，而且和send out同义。该题考查的是动词短语搭配，这是动词加介词的搭配，其中四个介词都是一样的(away), 不同的是动词，正确理解四是个搭配其实只需要理解四个动词就可以了。Take意为拿走，throw意为扔掉，Pur 意为放, give 意为给。根据句意可以排除ABC,所以得出答案为D.
4.(2015﹒浙江)Studies have shown that the right and left ear sound differently.
A. produce B. pronounce C. process D. download
【答案】C
【解析】句意：研究已经表明，左耳和右耳处理声音是不同的。A意为生产或制造，B意为发音，C意为处理，D意为下载。该题考查的是词义辨析，4个选项的意思都非常的不一样，所以在作答的时候，要每一个单词都代入空格进行翻译，找出最佳答案。根据常识，耳朵不能够生产或制造，不能发音，更不可能下载。所以答案只能是处理，也就是C。
5.(2015﹒天津)Tom had to______ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
A. turn in B. turn down
C. turn over D. turn to
【答案】B
【解析】句意：上个周汤姆不得不拒绝宴会的邀请，因为他太忙了。A. turn in 上交；B. turn down拒绝； C. turn over 移交；D. turn to求助。根据句意可知选B。
6.(2015﹒天津)If you have any doubts about your health, you’d better______ your doctor at once.
A. convince B. consult C. avoid D. affect
【答案】B
【解析】句意：如果你对你的健康有任何疑问，你最好立刻向你的医生咨询。A. convince 说服；B. consult咨询； C. avoid 避免；D. affect影响。根据句意可知选B。
7.(2015﹒天津)See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn’t ______ sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
A. have B. make C. display D. bring
【答案】B
【解析】句意：看，你的电脑又坏了！只为省几美元买最便宜牌子的电脑是没有意义的。考查动词短语的固定搭配：make sense有意义。根据句意可知选B。
8.(2015﹒陕西)Peter will his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.
A. take up B. put up C. add up D. break up
【答案】A
【解析】句意：Peter在这个月底将从事旅行社负责人的职位。take up拿起，开始从事；put up竖立；搭建；add up加起来；break up结束；分解。所以选A。
9.(2015﹒福建)It is said that body language 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent.
A. lies in B. accounts for C. consists of D. goes with
【答案】B
【解析】考查短语辨析。A.lies in在于；B.accounts for说明、引起；C.consists of包括；D.goes with相伴。该句意思为：据说身体语言占了第一印象的百分之五十五，而你所说的话只占百分之七。故选B
10.(2015﹒江苏)The whole team _____ Cristiano Ronaldo, and he seldom lets them down.
A. wait on B. focus on C. count on D. call on
【答案】C
【解析】句意：全队都指望克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多，他从未让他们失望。A项“服侍，等待”；B项“集中（注意力）于”；C项“指望”；D项“呼吁，拜访”。故选C项。
11.(2015﹒江苏)The university started some new language programs to _____ the country’s Silk Road Economic Belt.
A. apply to B. cater for C. appeal to D. hunt for
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析:句意:这所大学启动了一些新的语言项目，为国家丝绸之路经济带提供服务。A项“....申请，话适用....”B项“迎合，满....的需要，为..... .提供服务”C项.....有吸引力，呼吁”； D项“猎取，寻找”。故选B项。
12.(2015﹒安徽)If you come to visit China, you will ______ a culture of amazing depth and variety.
A. develop B. create C. substitute D. experience
【答案】D
【解析】句意：如果你来中国旅游，你将会体验到一种有深度和多样化的文化。A发展，培养；B创造；C代替；D经历。故选D。
13.(2015﹒湖北)The team are working hard to ___ the problem so that they can find the best solution.
A. face B. prevent C. raise D. analyze
【答案】D
【解析】句意：团队正在努力分析这一问题一遍找到解决问题的方法。A项“面对”；B项“阻止”；C项“提出，举起”；D项“分析”。故选D项。
14.(2015﹒湖北)In order not to be heard, she pointed her finger upwards to ____ that someone was moving about upstairs.
A. whisper B. signal C. declare D. complain
【答案】B
【解析】句意：为了能够被听到，她手指向上指，示意有人正在楼上走动。A项“低声说，私语”；B项“发信号，（用手势）示意”；C项“（正式）宣称”；D项“抱怨”。故选B项。
15.(2015﹒湖北)There is no doubt that this candidate’s advantage _____ his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.
A. leaves out B. goes against C. lies in D. makes up
【答案】C
【解析】句意：毫无疑问，这位候选人的优势在于他能够用英语和外国人交流。A项“遗漏，省略”；B项“违背，和……作对”；C项“在于”；D项“编造，组成，化妆，和好”。故选C项。
16.(2015﹒湖北)Don’t worry. I’m sure your missing glasses will ______ sooner or later.
A. stand out B. break up C. get out D. turn up
【答案】D
【解析】句意：别担心。我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的。A项“突出”；B项“结束，解散，分手”；C项“出去，出版，被泄露”；D项“出现，露面”。故选D项。
17.(2015﹒江苏)Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to _____ to their greatest potential.
A. Accelerate B. improve C. perform D. develop
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析:句意:学校应该是鼓励个体最大限度地发展潜能的地方。A项“加速,加快”B项“改善，提高”C项“表现”D项“发展”。故选D项。
【2014年】
1.(2014﹒安徽)Shakespeare's writing is still popular today. It has really ________ the test of time.
A.failed B.Stood C.taken D.conducted
【答案】B　
【解析】根据前一句可推知，后一句意为“莎士比亚的作品经受住了时间的考验”。stand the test of time经受住时间的考验。fail the test of time未能经受住时间的考验。句意：莎士比亚的作品今天依旧很受欢迎，它经受住了时间的考验。故选B。
2.(2014﹒福建)It is widely acknowledged that students should be ________ in terms of overall quality.
A.supported B.matched C.evaluated D.controlled
【答案】C
【解析】句意：(大家)普遍认为学生们应该得到全面的评价。support支持，支撑，抚养；match使相配，比得上；evaluate评价，评估；control控制，抑制，管理。根据句意可知选择C项。
3.(2014﹒江苏)Top graduates from universities are ________ by major companies.
A.chased B.Registered C.offered D.compensated
【答案】A
【解析】句意：大学里的优秀毕业生受到大公司的青睐。chase追逐，追求；register登记，注册； offer提供，提议； compensate补偿，赔偿。根据语境可知A项正确。
4.(2014﹒江苏)Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to ________ the soul of Qu Yuan.
A.remember B.Remind C.recover D.recall
【答案】 D
【解析】句意：传说，端午节的缘由是为了召唤屈原的灵魂。remember记得；remind提醒；recover恢复；recall召唤，召回。根据语境可知D项符合语境。
5.(2014﹒江西)I don't believe what you said, but if you can prove it, you may be able to ________ me.
A. convince B. inform C. guarantee D. refuse
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我不相信你所说的，但是如果你能证明，你也许能够说服我。convince说服；inform通知；guarantee保证；refuse拒绝。
6.(2014﹒天津)My parents always ________ great importance to my getting a good education.
A. have B. attach C. accept D. pay
【答案】B
【解析】have 有；attach 粘附；attach great importance to 认为……重要；accept 接受；pay付款。句意：我的父母总是重视我得到的教育。
7.(2014﹒浙江)Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head, but I tried to ________ the pain，believing that it would go away sooner or later.
A.share B.realize C.ignore D.cause
【答案】C　
【解析】句意：上星期一只网球击中了我的头，但我努力去忘却它所带来的痛苦，因为我相信这种痛苦迟早会过去的。根据句意知，此处用ignore，表示“忽略，忽视”。share分享，分担；realize认识到；cause导致。故选C项。
8.(2014﹒浙江)No matter how carefully you plan your finances，no one can ________ when the unexpected will happen.
A.prove B.imply C.demand D.predict
【答案】D
【解析】句意：无论你对自己的财务计划得多么仔细，没有人会预测到什么时候一些突发事件会发生。根据句意知，此处用predict，表示“预料，预测”。prove证实，证明；imply隐含，暗示；demand要求。故选D项。
9.(2014﹒安徽)Terry, please ________ your cellphone when grandma is talking to you.
A.look up from B.look into C.look back on D.look through
【答案】A
【解析】look up from从……抬头往上看；look into调查；look back on回顾，回头看；look through仔细检查。句意：特里，祖母和你说话时，不要看着手机。故选A。
10.(2014﹒安徽)When the sports hero________ at our party, he was welcomed with open arms.
A.turned up B.left off C.moved on D.got away
【答案】A
【解析】turn up出现，露面；leave off停止，戒掉；move on出发，离开，继续前进，对……采取行动；get away逃离，出发。句意：当那位体育明星出现在我们聚会上时，人们张开双臂欢迎他。故选A。
11.(2014﹒大纲卷)Caroline doesn't have a gift for music, but she ________ it with hard work.
A. goes back on B. takes away from C. makes up for D. catches up with
【答案】C　
【解析】句意：卡罗琳没有音乐天赋，但她用努力学习弥补了她的不足。此处make up for意为“弥补”。根据句意选C。
12.(2014﹒福建)As a grass­roots singer, she reads everything she can ________ concerning music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself.
A.catch sight of B.get hold of C.take charge of D.make mention of
【答案】B
【解析】句意：作为一名草根歌手，她阅读她能得到的与音乐相关的所有资料，并且利用每一次机会去提高自己。catch sight of 看见，发现；get hold of把握，抓住，得到；take charge of负责，接管；make mention of提到，提及。根据句意可知选择B项。
13.(2014﹒江苏)—Dad, I don't think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.
—I see. I'll go right away and ________.
A.pay him back B.pay him off C.put him away D.put him off
【答案】B
【解析】句意：“爸爸，我认为Oliver不是这项工作的合适人选。”“我明白了，我现在就付清工资解雇他。”pay back偿还，报答； pay off还清，付清工资予以解雇；put away处理，放好；put off推迟，延期。根据语境可知B项正确。
14.(2014﹒江西)Anyway, we're here now, so let's ________ some serious work.
A. come up with B. get down to C. do away with D. live up to
【答案】B　
【解析】句意：不管怎么说，我们现在在这儿，因此让我们着手做一些重要的事情吧。come up with想起；get down to着手做；do away with废除；live up to实行，不辜负。
15.(2014﹒陕西)Ralph W. Emerson would always ________ new ideas that occurred to him.
A. set off B. set about C. set up D. set down
【答案】D　
【解析】set off意为“出发，动身”；set about意为“开始，着手”，后跟动词v.­ing形式；set up意为“设立，建立”；set down意为“记下，写下，卸下”。句意：Ralph W. Emerson总是记下出现在他头脑中的新想法。故选D。
16.(2014﹒天津)The two countries are going to meet to ________ some barriers to trade between them.
A. make up B. use up C. turn down D. break down
【答案】D　
【解析】make up 组成，构成，编造，虚构，和解；use up用完；turn down 拒绝，关小；break down扫除(障碍)，清除(困难)。根据句中的关键词barriers，可知是扫除障碍，故选D。句意：两个国家将举行会面以扫除两国之间的贸易障碍。
17.(2014﹒浙江)How could you ________ such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months?
A.turn off B.turn in C.turn down D.turn to
【答案】C
【解析】句意：你已经失业好几个月了，怎么还要拒绝这么好的工作呢？ turn down表示“拒绝”，符合语境。turn off关掉；turn in转入，上交；turn to转向。
【2013年】
1.(2013·福建)Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which _____ spending quite a lot of time with students.
A. enjoys B. involves C. practices D. suggests
【答案】 B
【解析】enjoy喜欢、享受；involve包含、牵涉、使陷于、潜心于；practice练习、实习；suggest提议、建议、启发。根据句意选B。句意为米歇尔找到一份在一所中学当老师的工作，这份工作需要在学生身上花很多时间。
2.(2013﹒福建)Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks ________ in disasters
A. turn down B. turn out C. break down D. break out
【答案】 C
【解析】turn down关小、调低、拒绝；turn out 证明是、结果是、生产；break down分解、发生故障、失败；break out爆发。无线网络会瘫痪，所以选C。句意为当无线网络发生灾难性故障的时候，过时的电话变得很重要。
3.(2013﹒湖北)While intelligent people can often ______ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.
A. sacrifice B. substitute C. simplify D. survive
【答案】C
【解析】sacrifice 献祭；奉献；牲；substitute 用…替代； simplify 简化；使简易； survive比…活得长，经历…之后还存在；幸存；句意为而聪明的人往往可以简化复杂的，而傻瓜则是极有可能使简单的更加复杂化。
4.(2013﹒湖北)According to the law, all foreigners have to ______ with the local police within two weeks of arrival.
A. associate B. dispute C. negotiate D. register
【答案】D
【解析】associate 联合；结交； 联想； dispute辩论，争论；negotiate 谈判，协商，交涉；register登记，注册 ；句意为根据法律规定，所有的外国人必须在两个星期内到当地警察局登记。
5.(2013﹒湖北)Butterflies ______ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.
A. carry on B. feed on C. put on D. focus on
【答案】D
【解析】carry on 继续进行；feed on以…为食；put on增加；穿上；上演；focus on致力于；使聚焦于；句意为蝴蝶以花产生的甜的液体为食，这些甜的液体也是蜜蜂和其他昆虫所要收集的。
6.(2013﹒湖北)In much of the animal world, night is the time ______ for sleep—pure and simple.
A. set aside B. set down C. set off D. set up
【答案】A
【解析】set aside把…放置一旁；不理会；留出；set down 制定；（使）放下；（叫…）下车；记下set off  出发；（使）开始；引起；点燃set up建立；准备； 安排；引起句意为在大部分的动物世界里，晚上的时间纯粹是用于睡眠的。
7.(2013﹒江苏)—The town is so beautiful! I just love it.
—Me too. The character of the town is well .
A. qualified B. preserved C. decorated D. simplified
【答案】B
【解析】本题中，动词的过去分词已具有形容词的性质。A. be qualified合格的；有资格的；B.be well preserved保存完好的；C. be well decorated装饰得很漂亮的；D. be simplified被简化的。根据句意，选B。句意为——这座小镇是如此美丽！我真是喜欢它。——我也是。小镇的特色保存的很完好。
8.(2013﹒江苏)Team leaders must ensure that all members___ their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes
A. get over B. look over C. take over D. come over
【答案】A
【解析】A. get over克服；恢复；熬过；B. look over查看；细看；仔细检查；C. take over接收，接管；D. come over过来，来访。根据句意，选A。句意为团队领导者必须确保所有成员克服他们发自内心的愿望——想要避免犯错所带来的尴尬。
9.(2013﹒江西)Mother always complains that children _______ their shoes very quickly.
A. find out B. wash out C. wear out D. set out
【答案】C
【解析】A.find out 搞清楚，弄明白；B.wash out洗掉、冲掉；C.wear out穿坏、用坏；D.set out出发，开始。句意为妈妈总是抱怨孩子们很快就把鞋穿坏了。
10.(2013﹒江西)She _____ the carpet with some very nice curtains in color.
A. connected B. fitted C. equipped D. matched.
【答案】D
【解析】A.connect……with用……把……连接起来；B.与fit经常搭配的介词是to“使……适合……，适应”；C.equip……with“用……装备；使具备”；match……with“使……相配”句意为她把彩色的漂亮窗帘与地毯搭配起来。
11.(2013﹒辽宁)Briggs will _______ as general manager when Mitchell retires.
A. get away B. take over C. set off D. run out
【答案】B
【解析】A. get away逃跑B. take over接管，接任 C. set off引发D. run out用光，耗尽。根据句意，选择B。句意为当米切尔退休时布里格斯将接任总经理职务。
12.(2013﹒陕西)My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking, but at least he has_______.
A. cut out B. cut down C. cut up D. cut off
【答案】 B
【解析】四个短语的意思分别是“切断，删除”；“削减，砍倒”；“切碎，谴责”；“切掉，删去”；根据句意，“虽然没有戒烟，但至少是减量了”，应该用cut down。句意为我叔叔一直没能够戒烟，但至少他减量了。
13.(2013﹒天津)If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to_____ a hand.
A. lend B. shake C. wave D. want
【答案】A
【解析】本题中一个lend a hand，伸出援助之手，帮某人忙，符合句意；shake意为“摇晃，晃动”，握手通常是shake hands with sb.，一般不用shake a hand，wave意为“摆动，挥舞”；而want意为“需要”，want a hand需要人手。句意为如果你有麻烦，马克总是乐于伸出援助之手。
14.(2013﹒天津) I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn’t able to
A. get away B. drop in C. check out D. hold on
【答案】A
【解析】A get away意为“离开；逃掉；抽身”；B drop in意为“顺便拜访”；C check out意为“退房结帐；检验；通过考核”；D项hold out意为“伸出；拿出；呈现；抵抗”。句意为我今年原打算度假的，但是我实在抽不出身来。
15.(2013﹒新课标卷II)Would you like to_____ with us to the film tonight?
A. come along B. come off C. come across D. come through
【答案】A
【解析】come along 的意思是“一起，一道”，符合句意，为正确答案；其他三个选项的意思分别是“离开，实现”，“偶然碰到；被理解”，“经历，安然度过”，均与句意不符，排除。句意为今晚想跟我们一起去看电影吗？
16.(2013﹒新课标卷II)The watch was very good, and he____ 20 percent down for it.
A. paid B. cost C. bought D. spent
【答案】A
【解析】cost的主语必须是物，不能是人，排除选项B；用bought 的话，后面应该直接接买的东西，排除选项C；用spent的话，后面应该用on sth或者(in) doing ，排除选项D。
17.(2013﹒新课标卷I)At the last moment, Tom decided to_____ a new character to make the story seem more likely
A. put up B. put in C. put on D. put off
【答案】B
【解析】put … up举起……；张贴……；put … in 使……加入；适……进入；put … on 穿上……；上演……；put … off 推迟……。题干中的more likely提示，汤姆决定“添加”一个角色，故最佳答案是B。句意为在最后一刻，汤姆决定添加一个新角色来使故事显得更加真实。
18.(2013﹒浙江)When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to ______it with important points.
A. conclude B. lead C. avoid D. hold
【答案】A
【解析】根据语境“分组讨论快要结束时”，相对应的是conclude结束，而“lead引领”该表示开始时， “void避免”违背语境，hold a discussion进行讨论。句意为当分组讨论快要结束时，务必要以要点总结讨论。
19.(2013﹒浙江)A good listener takes part in the conversation, ______ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing
A. realizing B. copying C. offering D. misunderstanding
【答案】C
【解析】在本句中只有offer能和ideas搭配并与raise questions相对应。句意为一个好的听众会参与到谈话中，给出他们的想法，提出问题使得谈话继续下去
20.(2013﹒浙江)Bears ______ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.
A. pack up B. build up C. bring up D. take up
【答案】B
【解析】pack up整理；把…打包，bring up提出；教育；养育；呕出；take up拿起；开始从事；占据(时间,地方)，build up逐渐积聚，集结；逐步建立；增进，增强。在本句中build up fat stores表示积累脂肪储存。句意为熊在整个夏天到秋天积累脂肪，为了在冬天度过冬眠期。
21.(2013﹒安徽)Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they______on their life journey.
A. give up B. settle down C. get through D. set off
【答案】D
【解析】习惯上，大学生举行毕业典礼是为了在他们开始自己的生活旅程之前鼓励自己。A，B，C三个选项的意思分别是“放弃”，“安下心来，定居”，“通过，做完”，均不符合句意，排除。
【2012年】
1.(2012﹒浙江) Armed with the information you have gathered, you can_______ preparing your business plan.
A. set out B. set about C. set off D. set up
【答案】B
【解析】根据句意：有这么些个你所收集的信息，你可以着手（set about doing sth）准备你的商业计划了。Set out to do sth着手；set off出发；set up建立，均不符合语境，故排除。
2.(2012﹒浙江)According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to______ from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22
A. differ B. shrink C. fail D. decline
【答案】D
【解析】根据句意：根据科学家研究，我们的精神气在22岁达到高峰值之后便从27岁开始下滑（decline）。Differ不同；shrink缩水；fail失败、衰竭，均不符合语境，故排除。
3.(2012﹒湖北)Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to ________ our school’s campaign “Help the Needy”, which was started by our former headmaster three years ago
A. sponsor B. launch C. organize D. plan
【答案】A
【解析】该句意为：两位律师捐赠了5，0000美元赞助我校“帮助贫困生”活动……
A项意为“赞助”，符合句意；B项意为“发射，开办”，C项意为“组织”，D项意为“计划”，都与句意不同。故A项正确。
4.(2012﹒江西﹒T30)We were all agreed that the cottage would a perfect holiday home for the family.
A.make B.turn C.take D.have
【答案】A
【解析】我们一致同意，这个小舍将会给我们的家庭营造一个完美的假日家园。make表“可以用作，可发展为”，与for连用。Turn表示“变为”，一般后跟into。
5.(2012﹒湖北)Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and ________ every page of my draft.
A. approved B. quoted
C. polished D. folded
【答案】C
【解析】句意为：最后，我要感谢我的辅导老师，他给我的论文提出了很多批评和建议，并对每张稿件作了推敲。C项意为“推敲”,符合句意,故C项正确。A项意为“通过”，B项意为“引用”，D项意为“折叠”，都与句意不符。
6.(2012﹒湖北)Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to ________ his courage.
A. hold up B. keep up C. set up D. take up
【答案】B【命题立意】考查动词短语辨析。难度中等。
【解析】句意为：独自在黑暗中行走，男孩吹口哨保持勇气。B项意为“维持，不使低落”，符合句意。A项意为“举起”，C项意为“建立”，D项意为“拿起”，都与句意不符。
7.(2012﹒湖北)I’m so glad you’ve come here to ________ this matter in person.
A. lead to B. see to C. turn to D. refer to
【答案】 B
【解析】句意为：很高兴你能来亲自负责这起事件。B项意为“负责”，符合句意；A项意为“导致”，C项意为“向……求助”，D项意为“参考”，都与语意不符。
8.(2012﹒江苏)— OK, I've had enough of it. I give up.
—You can't your responsibilities.
A. run off with B. run up against C. run out of D. run away from
【答案】D
【解析】run away from意为“逃离，躲避”，run off with意为“偷走；与……私奔”；run up against意为“偶遇”；run out of意为“用完”。句意为：——好了，我已受够了，我放弃。——你不能逃避你的责任。根据句意，应选D项。
9.(2012﹒安徽)The athlete's years of hard training when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.
A. went on B. got through C. paid off D. ended up
【答案】C .
【解析】pay off 有很多含义：1 付清某人的工资并解雇他 偿清欠款等等 2. 对某人或某事进行报复 3.使人得益，有报偿 4.贿赂
10.(2012﹒全国卷II)We ______ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.
A. set about B. set up C. set out D. set down
【答案】C
【解析】此处set about开始做. . .，后接名词、动名词；set up建立；set out开始做. . .，后接不定式；set down写下，记下。根据to paint可知选set out。句意：那天我们开始粉刷整个房子但只完成了前面的部分。
11.(2011﹒全国卷)William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to .
A.disappear B.fall C.fail D.damage
【答案】C
【解析】disappear消失，不复存在；fall降落，跌倒，降低；fail (指健康)衰退, 衰弱；damage损害, 毁坏, 加害于。句意为“William 发现阅读越来越困难了，因为他的视力开始衰退了。”“increasingly difficult越来越困难”是个渐进的过程，故选C。