中考英语题型讲义（广东地区）3.完形填空（教师版+学生版）学案

这是一份中考英语题型讲义（广东地区）3.完形填空（教师版+学生版）学案，文件包含专题3完形填空答案全解全析doc、专题3完形填空doc、专题3完形填空doc等3份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共42页， 欢迎下载使用。
1.词汇题。这种题型从句子和语境层次全面考查名词、代词、形容词、副词、连词、介词、动词等词类的意义和用法。
2.动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词和主谓一致题。这种题型也是从语境的层次全面考查学生对上述内容的掌握程度。
3.固定搭配和习惯用法题。这种题型涉及动词短语、介词短语、副词短语等的用法。
4.句法题。这种题型涉及简单句的五种句型、并列复合句、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句等。
5.逻辑分析题。这种题型主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和语言运用能力。
完形填空的每个空格究竟该选哪个选项才恰当,取决于以下几个方面:
第一,语境。语境即上下文。它包括选择项与所在句子的语义联系,所在句与周围语句的意义上的关系,所在句在本段中所起的作用,所在句在整篇短文中所起的作用以及与文章内容主线的关系。有些选择项根据上下句就能比较容易地做出正确判断,而有些选择项则必须根据整篇文章的大意才能推出。
第二,语法知识。从语言环境角度筛选后,不能得出最终答案,还要从语法角度再考虑动词的形式、句子的结构等。
第三,必要的常识。
第四,注意同义词、近义词的细微区别和一些固定搭配。
总之,判断正确答案要从多角度去考虑,把语境、语法、词法、常识、固定搭配等有机地结合起来综合考虑是做完形填空题的最佳方法。
完形填空的解题技巧
(一)根据上下文确定答案
There were s many peple n the bus that there were 1 empty seats.When a yung man gt n,an ld man near him wanted t 2 ,but the yung man pushed him back t his seat.
“Thank yu,”he said,“but please dn’t d that.I can stand.”
B.smeC.enughD.n
dwnB.get n
C.set utD.stand up
分析 第1小题所给的选项从单句来看均可和后面的empty seats搭配。但根据上文的“There were s many peple n the bus”来判断,不可能有many(许多)、sme(一些)、enugh(足够的)“空位”。因此,该题的答案应为D。
第2小题所给的选项是四个动词短语,根据下文的“ him back t his seat”和“I can stand.”可知答案是D。
(二)根据惯用法确定答案
It’s Sunday.Sme students are ging 1 a trip with their teacher. 2 their way they saw a bus behind them...
B.fr C.n D.at
B.By C.At D.T
分析 短文叙述的是老师领着学生旅游的事情。第1小题,“g n a trip”是固定搭配,意为“去旅行”,所以应选C项。
第2小题是习惯用法,表示“在(去)……的路上”,英语中要用“n ne’s way (t)...”,故应选A项。
(三)运用逻辑推理确定答案
Mr.Brwn began t walk at eight in the mrning.Nw the sun was abut t set.He was tired and hungry.He was walking slwly twards the and his shadw lay lng behind him.He had t lk fr a place fr the night.
A.east B.west C.suth D.nrth
分析 此题所给的选项是四个表示方向的名词,均可和前面的介词“twards(朝着)”搭配,很难判断哪一个是正确答案。只有运用逻辑推理的方法才能找出正确答案。根据上文的“太阳就要落山了”判断此时应为下午,太阳是在西方。再根据下文的“他的影子长长地拖在后面”就可以推断出,此时布朗先生正朝着西方慢慢地走着,故选B。
(四)根据词语用法确定答案
A little cck lived near the river.One mrning the little cck his beautiful clthes and went fr a walk by the river.On his way he met a little duck.
A.wreB.had n
C.dressedD.put n
分析 所给的四个选项是一组同义词语,都可表示“穿”,但它们在用法上有所不同。wear和have n都可接“衣物”作宾语,意为“穿着”,表示状态;put n也可接“衣物”作宾语,意为“穿上”,表示动作;而dress的宾语只能是人,而不能是“衣物”。根据以上分析,再结合原句的意思,可以确定答案为D。
中考真题精练
一
2020广东中考
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
We are nw in the 22nd century. With the develpment f science and technlgy, peple can change their bdies in the way they want.
As years went by, Mr. Smith ____11____ his lk. Several mnths ag, Mr. Smith went t a bdy engineering shp and ____12____ a small nse. Small nses were very ____13____ these years. After the peratin, he lked at himself in the mirrr (镜子) and fund that his ____14____ hair n lnger fit his new lk. Then he wanted a change t lng hair. When he was leaving, the shp keeper ____15____ tld him that the shp had a special ffer n ears. At last, Mr. Smith went ut f the shp with a small nse, lng hair and tw new ears.
In the next few weeks, Mr. Smith’s interest in his ____16____ kept grwing. He bught new eyes, new hands and new feet. After that, he lked very yung fr his age, and ____17____ different. He felt satisfied with himself. Hwever, the ____18____ in the face and fingerprints brught him much truble. He was ____19____ t enter places like railway statins and airprts. In the end, he decided t have his ld bdy back! T his surprise, Mrs. Smith was unhappy with his ____20____ because she culd nt bear (忍受) the bad smell f his ld feet.
11. A. was bred fB. was relaxed abutC. was excited abutD. was pleased with
12. A. cared frB. waited frC. asked frD. sent fr
13. A. ppularB. similarC. strangeD. useful
14. A. lngB. shrtC. thickD. thin
15. A. silentlyB. flishlyC. carelesslyD. suddenly
16. A. shapeB. ageC. lifeD. lk
17. A. prbablyB. hardlyC. nearlyD. cmpletely
18. A. smileB. changeC. clrD. kiss
19. A. guidedB. refusedC. frcedD. allwed
20. A. interestB. cnditinC. decisinD. situatin
二
2019广东中考
通该下面短文,掌握其大意,然后在每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案。并将答题卡对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
Cindy and Anna were best friends. Sme days they culd spend hurs happily tgether withut any argument, but ther days they just culd nt __46__ n what t d.
One day they decided t play in the garden near their schl. “Cme n, let's play chess,”Anna said.
“I dn't want t play chess,”Cindy replied.
“We always d what yu want t d, Cindy. It's my turn t make a __47__,” Anna said. She was getting a little unhappy and __48__, leaving Cindy alne.
Cindy was very angry. __49__ she gt hme, she fund she still had Anna’s ntebk in her schlbag. “Well, I’m nt giving it back t her tday. I’m t mad at her, " Cindy thught.
The next day at schl, their teacher Mr. s Stne __50__ their ntebks. But Anna didn’t have hers, and she lked __51__. Cindy knew she shuld tell Mrs. Stne that she had the ntebk, but she was __52__ mad at Anna.
When it was time fr lunch, Cindy finally tld Mrs. Stne the __53__. "Thank yu fr being __54__, Cindy. I'm sure Anna will be thankful that yu have given me her ntebk," said Mrs. Stne.
Later, Mrs. Stne asked the tw girls tgether and talked with them. Mrs. Stne helped them __55__ that it was a gd idea t take turns t decide the activity. They became best friends again.
46. A. agreeB. liveC. dependD. try
47. A. prmiseB. prjectC. decisinD. dialgue
48. A. went verB. went nC. went byD. went away
49. A. BecauseB. AfterC. UnlessD. If
50. A gave awayB. asked frC. handed inD. paid fr
51. A. wrriedB. nrmalC. prudD. relaxed
52. A. stillB. neverC. usuallyD. Almst
53. A. chanceB. methdC. truthD. rule
54. A. patientB. hnestC. activeD. quiet
55. A. describeB. explainC. guessD. realize
三
2018广东中考
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
A wealthy man lved his sn very much. As he wanted his sn t lead a happy life, he decided t send him t see a wise ld man fr his advice n happiness．
When the ld man learnt abut his 46 , he handed the by an empty bwl and said, “G t the river miles away and 47 it with water. I will tell yu abut it 48 n water is spilt（洒）when yu reach here.” Althugh the by was very surprised at this, he had n chice but t 49 this task．
The by 50 n ft fr the river and sme time later came back with a bwl f water. The ld man asked him, “Did yu ntice the beautiful flwers alng the rad and the birds singing in the trees?” The by culd say nthing abut them because he gave his 51 attentin t the bwl in his hands．
The ld man smiled and said, “Bring me 52 bwl f water, but this time enjy the flwers and the singing f birds as well.”
When he returned, the by was able t 53 everything he had seen t the ld man. But when he lked dwn at his bwl, he fund 54 that mst water was gne. He frgt all abut his bwl while enjying the beautiful things alng the rad．
“Well, yung man,” the ld man said. “Enjy the beauty f the wrld, but never frget the water in yur bwl. This is the 55 f happiness.”
46．A．research B．prmise C．purpse D．experience
47．A．wash B．fill C．cmpare D．cnnect
48．A．if B．until C．unless D．while
49．A．put u B．pick ut C．pint ut D．carry ut
50．A．set ff B．paid ff C．gt ff D．kept ff
51．A．public B．weak C．quick D．full
52．A．any B．every C．anther D．the ther
53．A．change B．imagine C．examine D．describe
54．A．lazily B．sadly C．luckily D．excitedly
55．A．result B．cause C．secret D．decisin
四
2017广东中考
请读下面短文，掌握其大意。然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
Jack’s lve fr birds started when he made his first birdfeeder abut six years ag. He filled the feeder with seeds (种子), put it in his backyard and then __46__ started cming. He gt really __47__ in birds as mre came. Then be jined a lcal sciety. As he realized that mre and mre birds were dying very __48__, he wanted t try his best t help them.
Besides what he has dne, he has his wn grup called Prtecting Out Birds. He des __49__ abut birds, run a website t teach peple abut birds and hw t help them, and __50__ bxes fr birds. Nt lng ag, he fund that the bluebirds were nesting（做窝）in the dead trees which were ften cut dwn, __51__ he began t make bluebird bxes fr the birds in rder t save them. Nw he wants t use these bxes t __52__ the dead trees. He hangs these bxes up in trees and takes __53__ dwn every week t see if the birds are nesting in them. He als writes articles, hping that mre peple will __54__ prtecting natural ecsystems(生态系统). “Researching birds is __55__ t prtecting birds,”jack says, “In rder t prtect birds, we have t learn and really knw abut the birds. ”
46. A. beesB. birdsC. pepleD. scientists
47. A. nervus B. weakC. bredD. interested
48. A. peacefullyB. safely C. quickly D. sadly
49. A. practice B. business C. instructinD. research
50. A. buildsB. breaks C. liftsD. pushes
51. A. s B. butC. thughD. because
52. A. take gd care f B. take the place f C. catch up with D. cme up with
53. A. itB. this C. theseD. them
54. A. wait fr B. send frC. jin inD. hand in
55. A. simple B. crazyC. imprtant D. fresh
五
2016广东中考
完形填空（本大题有10小题，每小题10分，共10分）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出_个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应的选项涂黑．
I'm sure many peple are wrking hard fr a lt f mney，a big huse，a new car，expensive clthes and s n．Thse are cnsidered t be symbls f （46） n the material level．When I was yung，I was als （47） reaching fr material success．S I chse a jb as a salesman and I did make sme pretty gd mney．
But later I realized that was nt what I wanted，because I was ften frced t sell prducts that might nt be gd fr custmers．I becme very unhappy （48） I culd make a lt f mney．I n lnger felt prud f my jb and even （49） myself fr ding things like that．S I （50） my jb and tk anther jb，this time helping peple（51） the pr and the weak．The sense f belnging was great and suddenly I felt successful in my life again，I made less mney but I was （52） with myself．
Fr my wn past，success cmes frm the feeling f satisfactin and jy．I feel successful when I lve what I d，nt caring s much abut （53） ．And I feel the mst successful when I （54） my kindness everywhere g．
S，be （55） t yurself：learn t listen t the vice frm the bttm f yur heart．And find yur wn way with a happy heart t achieve yur wn success．
模拟精练
一
An ld wman was taking a basket f apples t the market. As she walked alng the street, three r fur f the apples drpped ut and fell n the 1 .
The wman did nt 2 what had happened, s she went withut stpping. A pr girl saw the apples. She picked them up 3 .
“Here!Here!”she called ut t the wman. When the wman 4 her, she stpped and turned arund. The girl 5 the apples t her, and put them in her hands.
“Thank yu,”said the wman 6 a big smile n her face. “And nw,”cntinued the wman, “take the best ne fr yurself, fr yu are a(n) 7 girl.”The girl tk ne frm the wman’s basket and thanked her frm the bttm f her heart.
After the wman went far away, a by came up and said t the girl, “Why didn’t yu keep sme f the apples yu had picked up?Then yu culd get mre apples than the ne yu tk frm the wman just nw, and yu culd share sme with 8 .”
“N,”replied the girl. “Thugh I am pr, I can’t lse my 9 . Yu can have this apple 10 yu like, because it is mine nw; but if I give yu what is nt mine, I will be dishnest.”
B.windwC.wallD.field
B.imagineC.mentinD.understand
B.sadlyC.secretlyD.quickly
B.sawC.heardD.fund
B.brughtC.caughtD.threw
B.withC.byD.withut
B.hnestC.lazyD.creative
B.himC.meD.them
B.resultC.ideaD.pride
B.ifC.untilD.althugh
二
One cld winter mrning, Jim fell frm his father’s bike and his legs culdn’t mve. A dctr examined him and said he had t stay in bed fr sme time. Jim was sad 1 the dctr’s wrds because Christmas was cming. He wanted t lk at the shp windws full f Christmas gifts and see them light up at night.
Jim’s yunger sister, Mary, wanted t 2 her brther. Every day, she went t the shp nearby after schl t lk at the windws 3 . When she gt hme, she wuld tell Jim what she had seen.
There were Christmas trees in all windws. A big kind Father Christmas was standing in ne f the windws, wearing a lng white beard. In this pckets were all kinds f tys. Hw 4 he seemed t be in his big red cat and fur cap!
Every time Mary described the windws, Jim wuld clse his eyes, imagining himself t be lking at the tys inside the shp. 5 there was ne thing Mary didn’t mentin t Jim. It was a lvely wden hrse. She wanted t give it t Jim as a Christmas 6 .
The day befre Christmas Eve, Mary cunted her pcket mney and fund that was nt enugh. S she asked Dad 7 he culd ffer her a jb t make sme mney.
By helping her parents clean and decrate the huse, Mary nw gt enugh mney and bught the wden hrse.
On Christmas, Jim wke up and saw a wden hrse by his bed. What a big 8 !Hw happy he was!Mary was as happy as Jim because she made Jim happy.
Actually, the 9 peple this Christmas were their parents because their daughter had learnt t 10 .
B.atC.nD.t
B.treatC.helpD.cure
B.carelesslyC.sadlyD.prudly
B.seriusC.cldD.warm
B.ButC.OrD.S
B.cardC.giftD.sng
B.ifC.whatD.that
B.rewardC.hpeD.challenge
B.kindestC.happiestD.richest
B.getC.receiveD.bey
三
Ants are really a kind f insect that we can see here and there. They are very cmmn in ur daily life. They are pretty small. Yu might think that they must be rather 1 . But what yu might nt knw is that ants are 2 very strng fr their size. They can 3 things like tree leaves, fruit and seeds. Thse things can be 100 times their wn 4 . That is like a grwn man carrying a truck!
The ants’ neck jints(关节) play a(n) 5 rle. Their tiny necks have sft tissue inside and a hard shell(壳)utside. This reduces the stress f lifting heavy things. The animals’ necks can supprt things up t 5,000 6 their wn weight, accrding t Science Daily.
Ants can als hang upside dwn and 7 heavy things in their jaws. That’s because ants have pads(垫)n 8 feet. The pads can 9 almst any type f surface. Ants can change the size and shape f their pads. If they have t carry heavy things, they increase the size f the pads. 10 they have t mve fast, they make it little.
B.usualC.weakD.strng
B.actuallyC.simplyD.ludly
B.findC.giveD.chse
B.energyC.wealthD.height
B.pssibleC.imprtantD.necessary
B.metersC.piecesD.punds
B.makeC.thrwD.hld
B.yurC.itsD.ur
t B.stick tC.cme tD.talk t
B.Because
C.IfD.Until
四
On a sunny day, three ld men with lng white beards(胡子)kncked the dr f a small and ld huse. When a wman pened the dr, she fund she didn’t 1 them. She said,“I dn’t think I knw yu, but yu lk 2 . Please cme in and have a rest.”
“We d nt g int a huse tgether,”they replied.
“Why?”she asked.
One f the ld men explained,“His name is Wealth, and he is Success, and I am Lve. Yu need t discuss 3 yur family which ne yu want t invite.”
The wman went back int the huse and tld her husband abut it. Her husband was very happy.“Hw 4 !” he said. “Let’s invite Wealth. He can fill ur hme with 5 !”His wife disagreed. She said, “My dear, why dn’t we invite Success?”Their daughter suggested,“Wuldn’t it be better t 6 Lve? Our hme will be filled with lve.”“Let’s take ur daughter’s 7 ,”said the husband. Then, they went ut and invited Lve.
Lve gt up and walked int the huse. The ther tw 8 gt up and fllwed him. The wman asked Wealth and Success 9 ,“I nly invited Lve. Why are yu cming in?”
The ld men replied tgether,“If yu had invited Wealth r Success, the ther tw f us wuld have 10 , but yu invited Lve. Wherever he ges, we g with him. Wherever there is Lve, there is als Wealth and Success!”
B.hearC.knwD.teach
B.tiredC.thirstyD.happy
B.atC.nD.with
B.strangeC.niceD.difficult
B.successC.lveD.happiness
B.inviteC.thinkD.take
B.advantageC.wayD.advice
B.stillC.alsD.always
mistakeB.in surprise
C.at lastD.in a hurry
utB.stayed in
C.said srryD.said hell
五
Why is the native(本土的)English speaker difficult t understand? Yu might expect native English speakers t be the best at 1 the English language. But sme experts(专家) believe that when it cmes t successfully cmmunicating in English, nn-native English speakers are actually 2 at it.
“Often yu have a rm full f peple frm 3 cuntries cmmunicating in English and all understanding each ther. And then 4 an American r British persn walks int the rm and 5 can understand them,”said Chng, a cultural expert.
Chng said that 6 because nn-native speakers cmmunicate mre carefully.“Native English speakers, n the ther hand, ften 7 t fast, use jkes and slang(俚语)and give examples f their wn 8 that ther language speakers might nt understand,”Chng said.
But dn’t wrry. Experts say that it is the native speakers’ mistake 9 they can’t understand yu, nt yurs! English speakers with n ther language ften lack(缺少)experience f hw t talk with nn-native English speakers.
The best way t avid any truble might be t ask fr sme patience(耐心).If yu find it difficult t understand a native English speaker, dn’t be 10 ask them t slw dwn and speak clearly.
B.speakingC.readingD.writing
B.wrstC.easiestD.busiest
B.smallC.sameD.different
B.finally C.suddenly D.lately
B.smebdy C.anybdy D.nbdy
B.happensC.tellsD.suggests
B.driveC.talkD.run
B.rmC.cityD.schl
B.untilC.ifD.unless
t B.afraid t
C.glad t D.wrried abut
六
Almst every student has his wn learning methd. Yet, a 1 with my deskmate gave me new ideas n hw t study effectively(高效地).
She was a typical prcrastinatr(拖拉的人)in ur teachers’ eyes and she always finished her hmewrk 2 than me. Hwever, what puzzled me mst was hw she made gradual prgress while I 3 . Once, I asked her,“Hw d yu imprve yur grades? Yu d yur hmewrk s slwly.”She answered,“Ding my hmewrk slwly desn’t 4 that I dn’t study. Instead, I just 5 what I have learnt first, and then d the hmewrk.”
S I suddenly realized that she wasn’t prcrastinating, but spending her time 6 and revising. When revising, she lked fr her 7 and then crrected them. When we learn a new thing, we remember it best 8 after we’ve learned it. Then we gradually frget it. A few days later, we may keep nthing at all in ur mind. But revising helps us t better master new knwledge.
When students dn’t have t prepare fr big 9 , they shuld reflect n(反思)their wrk and learn frm their mistakes. When exams are cming, it’s always 10 t start preparing fr them.
S we need t knw hw t study effectively.
B.gameC.tradeD.cnversatin
B.earlierC.fasterD.farther
’tB.shuldn’tC.needn’tD.culdn’t
B.causeC.meanD.influence
thrughB.g ver
C.g nD.g by
B.imaginingC.suggestingD.thinking
B.mistakes
C.strengthsD.trubles
B.usuallyC.immediatelyD.recently
B.partiesC.examsD.tasks
B.shyC.lvelyD.stupid
七
A successful businessman was invited t a TV interview. Everybdy culdn’t wait t hear his SUCCESS frm him. 1 , he nly said with a smile,“Wn’t it be better fr me t ask yu fr help n a certain prblem?”
All the peple were listening t him carefully. Here is his prblem. He said,“Peple all 2 t the place where a gld mine (矿) had 3 been discvered. But when they gt there, they fund they were 4 by a river in frnt f it. They had t crss the river if they wanted t get t the gld mine. What wuld yu d if yu were amng them?”
“Make anther way,” smene suggested.“Swim 5 it,”said anther. The businessman smiled withut saying a wrd. Finally he gave his idea.“Why nt d smething 6 instead f rushing t the mine? Hw abut buying a bat t ffer the ferry (渡船)service?”The listeners were all 7 . He then explained calmly,“The man wh bught the bat culd 8 a lt f mney by taking the passengers t the ther bank. They wuld like t pay fr the ferry 9 there was gld n the ther bank.”
D what the thers haven’t thught f r d smething that thers have never tried befre—that is the key 10 success.
A difficult situatin, in the eyes f a wise man, ften means a chance f success.
B.But C.T D.Hwever
B.rushed C.gt D.flew
B.sn C.nearly D.almst
B.turned C.passed D.stpped
B.thrugh C.acrss D.alng
B.different C.interesting D.exciting
B.wrried C.pleased D.surprised
B.lk C.make D.have
B.s C.until D.because
B.t C.fr D.in
八
D yu knw hw t escape a fire? Escaping a fire is a serius matter. If yu knw what t d during a fire, yu can 1 a life. It is imprtant t knw the ways yu can use and 2 them t everyne in the family, such as stairs and fire escapes. Yu shuldn’t take lifts.Frm the lwer flr f the building, escape 3 windws is pssible. Let’s learn the best way f leaving by windw with the least chance f serius injury.
The first flr windw is usually nt very high frm the 4 . It is abut the height f a man. Of curse, it is safer t jump a shrt way than stay in a burning building.
Windws are als very useful when yu are 5 fr help. Be sure t keep the dr 6 .If we dn’t d that, 7 and fire may cme int the rm. Keep yur head lw at the windw t be sure yu get 8 fresh air instead f escape.
On the secnd r third flr, the best windws fr escape are thse 9 pen nt a rf. Frm the rf a persn can drp t the grund mre 10 . Drpping nt the cement (水泥) might end in injury. Trees and grass can help t break a fall.
B.help C.save D.give
B.speakC.say D.take
B.ut C.n D.thrugh
B.grund C.earth D.land
B.needingC.ding D.waiting
B.clsed C.clsing D.pen
B.firemen C.waterD.wind
8.A.a few B.few C.little D.enugh
B.wh C.what D.where
B.dangerusly C.safely D.easily
46．A．luck
B．success
C．safety
D．hpe
47．A．sadly
B．hardly
C．crazily
D．hnestly
48．A．if
B．since
C．until
D．althugh
49．A．lk dwn upn
B．lk up t
C．lk thrugh
D．lk int
50．A．made up
B．give up
C．set up
D．turn up
51．A．in danger
B．in rder
C．in need
D．in surprise
52．A．strict
B．cheerful
C．angry
D．satisfied
53．A．trust
B．lve
C．mney
D．health
54．A．thrw
B．spread
C．cell
D．lend
55．A．true
B．brave
C．friendly
D．terrible．