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备战2022 中考英语 导练案 考点23 状语从句学案
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这是一份备战2022 中考英语 导练案 考点23 状语从句学案，文件包含备战2022中考英语导练案考点23状语从句学生版doc、备战2022中考英语导练案考点23状语从句教师版doc等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共41页， 欢迎下载使用。
1. 引导时间状语从句的连词
2. when，while，as引导时间状语从句的区别
when，while，as显然都可以引导时间状语从句，但用法区别非常大。
① when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。
Why d yu want a new jb when yu’ve gt such a gd ne already?
你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？ （get为短暂性动词）
Srry, I was ut when yu called me.
对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。 （call为短暂性动词）
Strike while the irn is ht.
趁热打铁。 （is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态）
The students tk ntes as they listened.
学生们边听课边做笔记。 （listen为延续性动词）
= 2 \* GB3 ② when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。
a. 从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。
When he had finished his hmewrk, he tk a shrt rest. （finished先发生）
当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。
When I gt t the airprt, the guests had left. （gt t后发生）
当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。
b. 从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。
①When / While / As we were dancing, a stranger came in. （dance为延续性动词）
当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。
②When / While / As she was making a phnecall, I was writing a letter. （make为延续性动词）
当她在打电话时，我正在写信。
c. 当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as常表示＂随着……＂ ＂一边……，一边……＂之意。
As the time went n, the weather gt wrse. 随着时间的过去，天气变得更糟糕了。
The atmsphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.
随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。
As years g by, China is getting strnger and richer.
随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。
The little girls sang as they went. 小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。
The sad mther sat n the radside, shuting as she was crying.
伤心的妈妈坐在路边，边哭边叫。
d. 在将来时的从句中，常用when，且从句要用一般时代替将来时。
Yu shall brrw the bk when I have finished reading it.
在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。
When the manager cmes here fr a visit next week, I’ll talk with him abut this.
下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。
= 3 \* GB3 ③ when用于表示＂一……就……＂的句型中（指过去的事情）。
sb. had hardly（＝scarcely）dne sth. when. . . ＝Hardly / Scarcely had sb. dne sth. when
I had hardly / scarcely clsed my eyes when smene kncked at the dr.
＝Hardly / Scarcely had I clsed my eyes when smene kncked at the dr.
我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。
I had hardly / scarcely entered my rm when the telephne rang.
＝Hardly / Scarcely had I entered my rm when the telephne rang.
我刚一走进房门，电话就响了。
3. 比较until和till
此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是＂做某事直至某时＂，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是＂直至某时才做某事＂。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。
肯定句：I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call yu. 等着我叫你。
（在肯定句中可用befre代替。例如：Let’s get in the wheat befre the sun sets.）
否定句：She didn’t arrive until 6 ’clck. 她直到6点才到。
Dn’t get ff the bus until it has stpped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。
I didn’t manage t d it until yu had explained hw. 直到你教我后，我才会做。
区别：
（1）until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。
Until yu tld me, I had heard nthing f what happened.
直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。
（2）until when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。
—Until when are yu staying?
—Until next Mnday.
注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。
（3）Nt until在句首，主句用倒装。
Nt until the early years f the 19th century did man knw what heat is.
直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热为何物。
Nt until I began t wrk did I realize hw much time I had wasted.
直到工作，才认识到我已蹉跎了许多岁月。
（4）It is nt until that
It was nt until I began t wrk that I realized hw much time I had wasted.
（5）表示＂一……就……＂的结构
hardly/scarcely when/befre, n sner than 和as sn as都可以表示＂一……就……＂的意思。
I had hardly / scarcely gt hme when it began t rain. 刚回家，就下起雨来了。
I had n sner gt hme than it began t rain.
As sn as I gt hme, it began t rain.
注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或n sner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构。
Hardly / Scarcely had I gt hme when it began t rain.
N sner had I gt hme than it began t rain.
二、目的状语从句
英语里可以用t，in rder t，s as t，s that，in rder that来表示目的。
1. t，in rder t，s as t引导目的状语短语，构成简单句。
He has t earn lts f mney in rder t/t/s as t raise his family.
他赚很多钱是为了养家糊口。
2. s that，in rder that引导目的状语从句，构成复合句，并且从句中谓语动词常与can，culd，may，might等情态动词连用。
Speak clearly s that/in rder t everybdy can understand yu.
suchthat
sthat
请说清楚一点，这样每个人都能听得懂。
结果状语从句
s that
目的状语从句
结果状语从句
3. s that
s that既可以引导目的状语从句又可以引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时译为＂为了＂，引导结果状语从句时可译为＂以便＂。
He wrkedn hard at his lessns s that he culd gain high grades in the exams.
他努力学习功课，争取考试能获得好的成绩。
He wrkedn hard at his lessns, s that he gained high grades in the exams.
他努力学习，结果考试取得了好成绩。
s that引导目的状语从句时，表示＂以便，为了＂，从句中常使用can，culd，may，might，will，wuld，shuld等情态动词或助动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词。
He has t earn s lts f muney s that he can buy his children nice fd and clthes.
他必须赚很多钱才能给他的孩子提供好的饮食和衣服。
4. suchthat
在suchthat句型中，such修饰名词，意思是＂如此……以至于……＂，suchthat引导四种不同的句子结构。
（1）such+a(n)+形容词+单数名词+that从句
This is such a gd bk that all f us like it very much.
这是一本很好的书，我们大家都喜欢读它。
（2）such+形容词+复数名词+that从句
They are such gd students that the teacher likes them.
他们都是很好的学生，老师喜欢他们。
（3）such+（形容词）+不可数名词+that从句
It was such fime weather yesterday that we went swimming.
昨天天气很好，我们去游泳了。
（4）ne（n，any，all，many，sme，several等）+such+可数名词+that从句
There are many such gd bks that I can’t decide which ne t chse.
有这么多的好书，我无法决定选择哪一本。
5. sthat
sthat句型中的s是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词，意思是＂如此/这么……以至于……＂。
（1）常用句型：主语+谓语+s+adj./adv.+that从句
The by ran s fast that I culdn’t catch him.
这个男孩跑得太快了以至于我追不上他。
（2）s+形容词+ a(n)+单数名词+that从句
She made s gd a meal that we all ate far t much.
她做的饭菜那么好吃，结果我们都吃得太多了。
（3）s+many/much few/little（少）+名词+that从句
当名词前有many、much、few、little（少）等词修饰时，句子中要用sthat而不能用suchthat。
There was s little water in the jar that it was nt enugh fr all f us.
缸里的水太少了，不够我们这些人用。
注意：当little的意思是＂小＂时，仍用suchthat。
6. 用in rder that引导：in rder that的意思是＂为了＂。
He is wrking hard in rder t pass the examinatin.
=He is wrking hard in rder that he can pass the examinatin.
7. 用in case引导：in case此时的意思是＂以防＂＂以备＂。
I always keep a bttle f wine by in case friends call rund.
我平时总存着一瓶酒以备朋友来时喝。
注意：in case引导目的状语从句与引导条件状语从句时的意思不一样。
8. 在目的状语从句中也有这样一个引导词——in rder that，容易与它混淆的词组是in rder t，后者并不能引导状语从句。下面看一下两者有哪些具体差别。
首先要注意的是，in rder that与in rder t译文相同，都译作＂为了……＂，不同之处在于：in rder that+从句；in rder t+动词原形。
in rder that+从句构成目的状语从句，表明主句行为目的；in rder t+动词原形构成目的状语，不成从句。
I get up early in rder that I can catch the early bus.
I get up early in rder t catch the early bus.
为了能赶上早班车，我很早就起床了。
He wrks hard in rder that he can btain a higher psitin.
He wrks hard in rder t btain a higher psitin.
为了升职，他很努力地工作。
另外，目的状语从句还有一个特点：
由于目的都是未来的行为，所以从句中一般用表示未来可能性时态，当然还可以用will，wuld，can等。
He studies English very hard in rder that he will g abrad ne day.
为了将来有一天能够出国，他很努力地学习英语。
in rder that与in rder t只是结构相似，含义相同，但两者用法却有较大差异，不能够互换使用，因为后者不能引导目的状语从句，只能跟动词原形构成目的状语。
三、条件状语从句
条件状语从句，即在某种条件下，一件事情可能发生。在英语中由连接词if或unless等引导的状语从句叫作条件状语从句。条件是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中），一件事情（主句）才能发生，通常译作＂假如，只要，如果＂等意思。条件状语从句中，主从句的时态要遵循＂主将从现＂的原则。即，主句是将来时态时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时态。
引导条件状语从句的连词或词组有：if(如果)，unless(除非)，as lng as(只要)等。如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句也用一般现在时来表示。如：
I will stay at hme if it rains tmrrw. 如果明天下雨，我就待在家。
Yu can’t learn English well unless yu wrk hard.
除非你努力学习，否则是学不好英语的。
1.if引导的条件状语从句
表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。
If we pay much attentin t the earth, we’ll have a better wrld.
如果我们多关爱地球，就会拥有一个更美好的世界
If it rains tmrrw, what shall we d? 如果明天下雨，我们怎么办？
If yu ask him, he will help yu. 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
If yu fail in the exam, yu will let him dwn.
如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。
注意：if还可以引导虚拟条件句，表示不可实现的条件，从句中多用一般过去时或过去完成时。
What wuld happen if there were n water? 如果没有水会怎样？
2. unless引导的条件状语从句
unless的意思是＂如果不，除非＂。可与if nt互换。
Yu will fail in English unless yu wrk hard.
你英语考试会不及格的，除非你更加努力。
Yu will fail t arrive there in time unless yu start earlier.
如果你不早点动身，你就不能及时赶到那儿。
Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨，比赛将照常进行。
3. as /s lng as引导的条件状语从句
as /s lng as的意思是＂只要＂
S lng as yu’re happy, I will be happy. 只要你高兴，我就高兴。
Yu may brrw my bk as lng as yu keep it clean.
只要你保持书的清洁，你就可以把我的书借去。
4. nce引导的条件状语从句
nce引导的条件状语从句，意为＂一旦……就＂，从句可置于主句前或后。
Once yu begin, never stp. 一旦开始，就绝不要停止。
Maths is easy t learn nce yu understand the rules.
一旦你理解了规则，数学就不难学了。
提示：在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
If the weather is bad next week, we’ll put ff the climbing.
如果下周天气不好，我们将推迟爬山。
Father tld me if I wrked hard he wuld buy me a gift.
爸爸告诉我，如果我努力学习，他会给我买一份礼物。
5. 引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if，常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。如：
If yu ask him, he will help yu. 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
If yu fail in the exam, yu will let him dwn.
如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。
If yu have finished the hmewrk, yu can g hme.
如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。
另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。如：
If I were yu, I wuld invite him t the party.
如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。
I wuld have arrived much earlier if I had nt been caught in the traffic.
要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。
6. if 条件句的时态搭配
（1）if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。
If he runs he’ll get there in time. 如果他用跑的，他就会及时赶到那儿。
The cat will scratch yu if yu pull her tail. 如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。
（2）if从句用一般现在时，主句用may/might/can。
If the fg gets thicker the plane may/might be diverted.
如果雾再大一些，飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。
If it stps snwing we can g ut. 如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。
（3）if从句用一般现在时，主句用must/shuld。
If yu want t lse weight yu must/shuld eat less bread.
如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。
（4）if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般现在时。
If yu heat ice it turns t water. (也可用will turn)如果把冰加热，它就会化成水。
（5）if从句用现在进行时，主句用一般将来时。
If yu are lking fr Peter yu’ll find him upstairs.
如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。
（6）if从句用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时。
If yu have finished dinner I’ll ask the waiter fr the bill.
如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账。
【知识拓展】
1. 在以when，befre，as sn as等引导的时间状语从句，也适用＂主将从现＂原则，即如果主句是一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时。
I’ll tell her the gd news when she cmes back.
当她回来的时候，我将把这个好消息告诉她。
she will give yu a call as sn as she returns.
她一回来就会给你电话。
2.If条件句的同义句：祈使句，and /r+将来时态的陈述句。
Wrk hard, and yu will make great prgress.
= If yu wrk hard, yu will make great prgress.
如果你努力学习，你就会取得大的进步。
Hurry up, r yu will be late.
=If yu dn’t hurry up, yu will be late.
如果你不快点，你就要迟到了。
【巧学妙记】
1. Spud Webb remained in anther basketball league fr a year ________the NBA tk ntice f him.
A. whenB. befreC. sinceD. after
2. The stry is interesting everybdy likes it very much.
A. very; thatB. s; thatC. such; thatD. such; because
3. Nbdy knws if he ____，If he ____here, I’ll call yu at nce.
A. will cme; will arrive B. will cmes; arrives
C. cmes; will arrive. D. cmes, arrives.
4. Yur spken English will certainl y imprve ______ yu practise it every day.
A. thughB. befreC. if D. until
5. She read the text ludly all the students culd hear her.
A. becauseB. sinceC. whenD. s that
6. I advise yu t g t an English crner________ yu can imprve yur listening and speaking.
A. s thatB. even thughC. whetherD. as sn as
7. I are nt ging ut________ yu have finished yur hmewrk.
A. thatB. butC. sD. until
8. —I am really prud f my grup________ we’re always discussing and sharing study secrets tgether.
—Hw imprtant the grup wrk is!
A. untilB. as ifC. becauseD. thugh
9. Remember t keep in tuch with yur teachers and classmates ________ graduatin.
A. whenB. befreC. duringD. after
10. — Hw sn shall we leave the airprt?—We wn't leave ________ we make sure that everything is OK.
A. because B. until
C. as sn as D. if
11. —________ yu knw little abut this art frm, yu can read a bk t learn mre.
— OK, I will.
A．SinceB．ButC．BefreD．Hwever
1. 【2020 •黔西南州】The Chinese dctrs went t Italy t help the patients________they knew it was dangerus.
A. becauseB. ifC. thughD. as sn as
2. 【2020 •黑龙江哈尔滨市 】—Tim, ur freign teacher Ms. Green will g back t England next week.
—Really? Let's have a party t say gdbye t her ________ she is free this weekend.
A. unlessB. ifC. thugh
3. 【2020 •江苏省苏州市】Check what yu have written _______ yu hand in yur applicatin frm.
A. sinceB. befreC. afterD. while
4. 【2020 •山东滨州市 】—I think I am the shyest in my class. What shuld I d?
—Be mre active in class, ________ yu can imprve yur ability t express yurself.
A. s thatB. unlessC. rD. althugh
5.【2020 •温州市】Little Mary says gd night t her parents________ she ges t bed every day.
A. ifB. untilC. befreD. unless
6.【2020 •南通市】Max gt lst and was trapped in the frest fr 10 hurs _______ a farmer nearby fund him.
A. ifB. sinceC. untilD. after
7. 【2020 •天津市】Yu’d better tidy up yur rm ________ yur father cmes back.
A．sB．rC．befreD．but
8. 【2020 •江苏省淮安市】Our schl basketball team will win the next match _________ they practise mre.
A. ifB. befreC. thughD. while
9.【2020 •江苏泰州市】Father is t tired tday. Dn’t call him ________ it is necessary.
A. ifB. unlessC. whenD. whether
10.【2020 •无锡市】I think the cffee beans are frm Brazil, ________ I’m nt cmpletely sure.
A. becauseB. sinceC. thughD. whether
11.【2020 •徐州市】We’re nt very clse friends________ we’ve knwn each ther fr a lng time.
A. untilB. althughC. asD. if
12.【2020 •扬州市】Lucy held her head up like a queen________ Bill was telling his tale.
A. afterB. befreC. whileD. until
13.【2020 •镇江市】My parents gave red packets t my cusin every Spring Festival___________ she gt a jb, because she said she was able t make mney.
A. afterB. whenC. untilD. since
14.【2020 •江西省】It was great in the end ________ we had a terrible time at the beginning.
A. ifB. unlessC. whenD. althugh
15.【2020 •沈阳市】_______ Simn has dne well in his studies, he still wrks really hard.
A. SinceB. IfC. AlthughD. Unless
16.【2020 •铁岭葫芦岛】________ she is very yung, she can take gd care f herself.
A. IfB. UnlessC. SinceD. Althugh
17.【2020 •青海省】I was still feeling hungry ________ I had eaten sme sandwiches.
A. sB. thughC. since
18.【2020 •青岛市】In Chinese families, peple wn't start dinner ________ the elders take their seats.
A. afterB. whenC. becauseD. until
19.【2020 •山东日照】________ the traffic was heavy, we still gt t the railway statin n time.
A. AsB. UnlessC. WhenD. Althugh
20.【2020 •山西省】Swimming is, f curse, interesting. But ________ we plan t g swimming, being safe must cme first.
A. thughB. whenC. unless
21.【2020 •云南省】—Excuse me. Where is the nearest htel?
—Just g dwn this rad ________ yu see a library. It’s acrss frm it.
A. untilB. becauseC. hweverD. thugh
22.【2020 •安徽省】Our English teacher is nice and patient she is very strict with us.
A．ifB．asC．unlessD．thugh
23.【2020 •福建省】In sme cities f China, yu'll get fined ________ yu dn't walk alng the crsswalk while crssing the rad.
A．ifB．thughC．until
24.【2020 •上海市】Vivian will take her daughter t the amusement park________she gets the tickets．
A．ifB．untilC．althughD．unless
25.【2020 •甘肃武威市】Yu will feel cld ________ yu dn't wear a cat.
A. sB. thughC. ifD. unless
26.【2020 •海南省】President Xi encurages all Chinese peple t plant trees_________ ur cuntry can be greener and mre beautiful.
A. s thatB. as lng asC. even thugh
27.【2020 •黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】Wechat Pay (微信支付) makes ur life cnvenient. We can buy things ________ we dn't take any mney.
A. becauseB. s thatC. even thugh
28.【2020•长沙市】________ yu have prblems, just let me knw. I'll always be there fr yu.
A. HweverB. WhateverC. Whenever
29.【2020•长沙市】________ the utbreak f COVID-19 is a terrible blw t the cuntry, the gvernment is trying hard t bring the situatin under cntrl.
A. AlthughB. IfC. Unless
30.【2020•岳阳市】The mvie Nezha is__________ educatinal ________ I want t see it again.
A. s; thatB. such; thatC. t; t
31.【2020•益阳市】Yu can surf the Internet _________ yu want t knw mre abut the 2020 Wrld Middle Schl Games.
A. ifB. althughC. until
32.【2020•郴州市】We shuld prtect the envirnment ________ we can make a better wrld t live in.
A s thatB. even thughC. as sn as
33.【2020•湖南省邵阳市】—Dn't frget t prtect yur eyes well__________ yu take nline classes.
—OK. Thank yu, Sir.
A．ifB．thughC．as if
34.【2020•襄阳市】— It’s said that Zhu Jielun will hld a cncert next mnth in Xiangyang.
— I’m sure the fans will be happy _______ it’s true.
A. untilB. althughC. befreD. if
35.【2020•孝感市】We will make fewer mistakes __________ we are careful enugh.
A. as lng asB. s thatC. as far asD. even if
36.【2020•湖北省宜昌市】—What d yu feel ____________ yu are lking thrugh the ld pictures?
—Hw time flies!
A. becauseB. thughC. whileD. unless
37.【2020•江苏省淮安市】—When shall we g n a picnic Saturday r Sunday?
—_________ is OK. I'm free the whle weekend.
A. NeitherB. AllC. EitherD. Bth
38.【2020•辽宁丹东】I dn’t like Sun Cinema ________ it has bad service.
A. becauseB. althughC. unlessD. until
39.【2020•辽宁丹东】—I'm afraid we can't wrk ut the math prblem________the teacher helps us.
—That's true. It's t difficult.
A. ifB. unlessC. becauseD. as sn as
40.【2020•东营市】________ he is dead, Kbe Bryant’s spirit will cntinue t influence us.
A. IfB. UntilC. BecauseD. Althugh
41.【2020•广西北部湾】_______ yu are in truble, yu can ask the pliceman fr help.
A. WheneverB. WhateverC. Hwever
42.【2020•内蒙古包头市】She says that she'll have t clse the restaurant ______ business imprves.
A．ifB．afterC．unlessD．when
1.【2020•安徽省中考二模】Yu can't g t the reading rm ________ yu have a schl ID card. It is nly fr students.
A. ifB. althughC. unlessD. since
2. 【2020•安徽省芜湖市三模】—Tm, d yu knw if Sam _______ t my party next week?
—I think he will cme if he __________.
A. cmes; will inviteB. will cme; will be invited
C. cmes; invitesD. will cme; is invited
3.【2020•黑龙江省牡丹江市市中区一模】In China, we can’t start eating ________everyne is at the table. It’s ne f ur Chinese table manners.
A. sinceB. untilC. althugh
4. 【2020•江苏省南京市建邺区中考二模】___________I have t live my life withut bks, the days wuld all be empty.
A. ThughB. UnlessC. IfD. Until
5. 【2020•江西省宜春市安高市中考二模】Helen was very rude t me. I refuse t speak t her again __________ she says srry.
A. untilB. ifC. becauseD. since
6. 【2020•山东省菏泽市曹县二模】Mary is afraid f the dg. She will run away ________she sees it.
A. althughB. as sn asC. s that
7. 【2020•合肥市庐阳区中考二模】 The theater will clse dwn _________mre mney can be raised t supprt it.
A. sB. unlessC. sinceD. when
8. 【2020•安徽省合肥市瑶海区中考二模】 —Emma, what d yu want t be in the future?
—I want t be a dctr. This has been my dream_______ I was a kid.
A. sinceB. whenC. untilD. befre
9. 【2020•甘肃省张掖市中考一模】 —Hw lng have yu lived in the new building?
—_____2010.
A. AfterB. InC. SinceD. Befre
10. 【2020•湖南省长沙市长郡双语实验中考一模】Thse plants in the yard will nt die________ yu take gd care f them.
A. untilB. unlessC. if从属连词
用法
例句
While
＂与……同时，在……期间＂，从句常用延续性动词或表示状态的词
Dn’t talk lud while（as）thers are wrking.
别人工作时，请勿大声说话。
When
＂当……时＂，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生，从句的动词可用延续性动词，也可用非延续性动词
It was raining when we arrived.
我们到达时，天正下着雨。
when yu read the pem a secnd time, the meaning will becme clearer t yu.
当你再读一遍这首诗，你就会更清楚它的含义。
As
＂正当，一边……一边，随着＂，表示两个动作同时发生或某事发生时，另一个动作发生了
As time went n, his thery prved t be crrect.
随着时间的推移，他的理论被证明是正确的。
Till/Until
用于肯定句时，表示＂直到……为止＂，主句必须为延续性动词；ntuntil/till表示＂直到……才＂，主句常用短暂性动词
We shall wait until/till he cmes back.
我们将一直等到他回来。
I didn’t leave until/till she finished her hmewrk.
直到她完成作业我才离开。
Since
＂自……以来＂，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时，从句用一般过去时
I have heard lt f gd things abut yu since I cme back frm abrad. 自从我从国外回来，我已经听许多好的事情。
Befre
在……以前
He must finish all the wrk befre he ges hme.
回家之前他必须完成所有的工作。
After
在……之后
Let’s play ftball after schl. 放学后我们打篮球吧。
【知识拓展】
时间状语从句的时态问题：在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句如果使用一般将来时态，从句使用一般现在时表示将来，即所谓的＂主将从现＂。
As sn as I arrive in Beijing, I will ring yu up. 我一到北京就给你打电话。
Yu’ll fall behind the thers unless yu study hard. 如果你不努力学习，你将会落后于其他人。
＂ if ＂ 引导的条件状语从句的记忆口诀
if 条件句不一般，几个要点记心间；
条件句,放在前，逗号要放句中间。
条件句表真实，主将从现要遵从；
条件句非真实，虚拟语气用到位。
1. 引导时间状语从句的连词
2. when，while，as引导时间状语从句的区别
when，while，as显然都可以引导时间状语从句，但用法区别非常大。
① when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。
Why d yu want a new jb when yu’ve gt such a gd ne already?
你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？ （get为短暂性动词）
Srry, I was ut when yu called me.
对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。 （call为短暂性动词）
Strike while the irn is ht.
趁热打铁。 （is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态）
The students tk ntes as they listened.
学生们边听课边做笔记。 （listen为延续性动词）
= 2 \* GB3 ② when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。
a. 从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。
When he had finished his hmewrk, he tk a shrt rest. （finished先发生）
当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。
When I gt t the airprt, the guests had left. （gt t后发生）
当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。
b. 从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。
①When / While / As we were dancing, a stranger came in. （dance为延续性动词）
当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。
②When / While / As she was making a phnecall, I was writing a letter. （make为延续性动词）
当她在打电话时，我正在写信。
c. 当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as常表示＂随着……＂ ＂一边……，一边……＂之意。
As the time went n, the weather gt wrse. 随着时间的过去，天气变得更糟糕了。
The atmsphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.
随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。
As years g by, China is getting strnger and richer.
随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。
The little girls sang as they went. 小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。
The sad mther sat n the radside, shuting as she was crying.
伤心的妈妈坐在路边，边哭边叫。
d. 在将来时的从句中，常用when，且从句要用一般时代替将来时。
Yu shall brrw the bk when I have finished reading it.
在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。
When the manager cmes here fr a visit next week, I’ll talk with him abut this.
下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。
= 3 \* GB3 ③ when用于表示＂一……就……＂的句型中（指过去的事情）。
sb. had hardly（＝scarcely）dne sth. when. . . ＝Hardly / Scarcely had sb. dne sth. when
I had hardly / scarcely clsed my eyes when smene kncked at the dr.
＝Hardly / Scarcely had I clsed my eyes when smene kncked at the dr.
我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。
I had hardly / scarcely entered my rm when the telephne rang.
＝Hardly / Scarcely had I entered my rm when the telephne rang.
我刚一走进房门，电话就响了。
3. 比较until和till
此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是＂做某事直至某时＂，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是＂直至某时才做某事＂。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。
肯定句：I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call yu. 等着我叫你。
（在肯定句中可用befre代替。例如：Let’s get in the wheat befre the sun sets.）
否定句：She didn’t arrive until 6 ’clck. 她直到6点才到。
Dn’t get ff the bus until it has stpped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。
I didn’t manage t d it until yu had explained hw. 直到你教我后，我才会做。
区别：
（1）until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。
Until yu tld me, I had heard nthing f what happened.
直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。
（2）until when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。
—Until when are yu staying?
—Until next Mnday.
注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。
（3）Nt until在句首，主句用倒装。
Nt until the early years f the 19th century did man knw what heat is.
直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热为何物。
Nt until I began t wrk did I realize hw much time I had wasted.
直到工作，才认识到我已蹉跎了许多岁月。
（4）It is nt until that
It was nt until I began t wrk that I realized hw much time I had wasted.
（5）表示＂一……就……＂的结构
hardly/scarcely when/befre, n sner than 和as sn as都可以表示＂一……就……＂的意思。
I had hardly / scarcely gt hme when it began t rain. 刚回家，就下起雨来了。
I had n sner gt hme than it began t rain.
As sn as I gt hme, it began t rain.
注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或n sner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构。
Hardly / Scarcely had I gt hme when it began t rain.
N sner had I gt hme than it began t rain.
二、目的状语从句
英语里可以用t，in rder t，s as t，s that，in rder that来表示目的。
1. t，in rder t，s as t引导目的状语短语，构成简单句。
He has t earn lts f mney in rder t/t/s as t raise his family.
他赚很多钱是为了养家糊口。
2. s that，in rder that引导目的状语从句，构成复合句，并且从句中谓语动词常与can，culd，may，might等情态动词连用。
Speak clearly s that/in rder t everybdy can understand yu.
suchthat
sthat
请说清楚一点，这样每个人都能听得懂。
结果状语从句
s that
目的状语从句
结果状语从句
3. s that
s that既可以引导目的状语从句又可以引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时译为＂为了＂，引导结果状语从句时可译为＂以便＂。
He wrkedn hard at his lessns s that he culd gain high grades in the exams.
他努力学习功课，争取考试能获得好的成绩。
He wrkedn hard at his lessns, s that he gained high grades in the exams.
他努力学习，结果考试取得了好成绩。
s that引导目的状语从句时，表示＂以便，为了＂，从句中常使用can，culd，may，might，will，wuld，shuld等情态动词或助动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词。
He has t earn s lts f muney s that he can buy his children nice fd and clthes.
他必须赚很多钱才能给他的孩子提供好的饮食和衣服。
4. suchthat
在suchthat句型中，such修饰名词，意思是＂如此……以至于……＂，suchthat引导四种不同的句子结构。
（1）such+a(n)+形容词+单数名词+that从句
This is such a gd bk that all f us like it very much.
这是一本很好的书，我们大家都喜欢读它。
（2）such+形容词+复数名词+that从句
They are such gd students that the teacher likes them.
他们都是很好的学生，老师喜欢他们。
（3）such+（形容词）+不可数名词+that从句
It was such fime weather yesterday that we went swimming.
昨天天气很好，我们去游泳了。
（4）ne（n，any，all，many，sme，several等）+such+可数名词+that从句
There are many such gd bks that I can’t decide which ne t chse.
有这么多的好书，我无法决定选择哪一本。
5. sthat
sthat句型中的s是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词，意思是＂如此/这么……以至于……＂。
（1）常用句型：主语+谓语+s+adj./adv.+that从句
The by ran s fast that I culdn’t catch him.
这个男孩跑得太快了以至于我追不上他。
（2）s+形容词+ a(n)+单数名词+that从句
She made s gd a meal that we all ate far t much.
她做的饭菜那么好吃，结果我们都吃得太多了。
（3）s+many/much few/little（少）+名词+that从句
当名词前有many、much、few、little（少）等词修饰时，句子中要用sthat而不能用suchthat。
There was s little water in the jar that it was nt enugh fr all f us.
缸里的水太少了，不够我们这些人用。
注意：当little的意思是＂小＂时，仍用suchthat。
6. 用in rder that引导：in rder that的意思是＂为了＂。
He is wrking hard in rder t pass the examinatin.
=He is wrking hard in rder that he can pass the examinatin.
7. 用in case引导：in case此时的意思是＂以防＂＂以备＂。
I always keep a bttle f wine by in case friends call rund.
我平时总存着一瓶酒以备朋友来时喝。
注意：in case引导目的状语从句与引导条件状语从句时的意思不一样。
8. 在目的状语从句中也有这样一个引导词——in rder that，容易与它混淆的词组是in rder t，后者并不能引导状语从句。下面看一下两者有哪些具体差别。
首先要注意的是，in rder that与in rder t译文相同，都译作＂为了……＂，不同之处在于：in rder that+从句；in rder t+动词原形。
in rder that+从句构成目的状语从句，表明主句行为目的；in rder t+动词原形构成目的状语，不成从句。
I get up early in rder that I can catch the early bus.
I get up early in rder t catch the early bus.
为了能赶上早班车，我很早就起床了。
He wrks hard in rder that he can btain a higher psitin.
He wrks hard in rder t btain a higher psitin.
为了升职，他很努力地工作。
另外，目的状语从句还有一个特点：
由于目的都是未来的行为，所以从句中一般用表示未来可能性时态，当然还可以用will，wuld，can等。
He studies English very hard in rder that he will g abrad ne day.
为了将来有一天能够出国，他很努力地学习英语。
in rder that与in rder t只是结构相似，含义相同，但两者用法却有较大差异，不能够互换使用，因为后者不能引导目的状语从句，只能跟动词原形构成目的状语。
三、条件状语从句
条件状语从句，即在某种条件下，一件事情可能发生。在英语中由连接词if或unless等引导的状语从句叫作条件状语从句。条件是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中），一件事情（主句）才能发生，通常译作＂假如，只要，如果＂等意思。条件状语从句中，主从句的时态要遵循＂主将从现＂的原则。即，主句是将来时态时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时态。
引导条件状语从句的连词或词组有：if(如果)，unless(除非)，as lng as(只要)等。如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句也用一般现在时来表示。如：
I will stay at hme if it rains tmrrw. 如果明天下雨，我就待在家。
Yu can’t learn English well unless yu wrk hard.
除非你努力学习，否则是学不好英语的。
1.if引导的条件状语从句
表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。
If we pay much attentin t the earth, we’ll have a better wrld.
如果我们多关爱地球，就会拥有一个更美好的世界
If it rains tmrrw, what shall we d? 如果明天下雨，我们怎么办？
If yu ask him, he will help yu. 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
If yu fail in the exam, yu will let him dwn.
如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。
注意：if还可以引导虚拟条件句，表示不可实现的条件，从句中多用一般过去时或过去完成时。
What wuld happen if there were n water? 如果没有水会怎样？
2. unless引导的条件状语从句
unless的意思是＂如果不，除非＂。可与if nt互换。
Yu will fail in English unless yu wrk hard.
你英语考试会不及格的，除非你更加努力。
Yu will fail t arrive there in time unless yu start earlier.
如果你不早点动身，你就不能及时赶到那儿。
Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨，比赛将照常进行。
3. as /s lng as引导的条件状语从句
as /s lng as的意思是＂只要＂
S lng as yu’re happy, I will be happy. 只要你高兴，我就高兴。
Yu may brrw my bk as lng as yu keep it clean.
只要你保持书的清洁，你就可以把我的书借去。
4. nce引导的条件状语从句
nce引导的条件状语从句，意为＂一旦……就＂，从句可置于主句前或后。
Once yu begin, never stp. 一旦开始，就绝不要停止。
Maths is easy t learn nce yu understand the rules.
一旦你理解了规则，数学就不难学了。
提示：在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
If the weather is bad next week, we’ll put ff the climbing.
如果下周天气不好，我们将推迟爬山。
Father tld me if I wrked hard he wuld buy me a gift.
爸爸告诉我，如果我努力学习，他会给我买一份礼物。
5. 引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if，常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。如：
If yu ask him, he will help yu. 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
If yu fail in the exam, yu will let him dwn.
如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。
If yu have finished the hmewrk, yu can g hme.
如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。
另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。如：
If I were yu, I wuld invite him t the party.
如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。
I wuld have arrived much earlier if I had nt been caught in the traffic.
要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。
6. if 条件句的时态搭配
（1）if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。
If he runs he’ll get there in time. 如果他用跑的，他就会及时赶到那儿。
The cat will scratch yu if yu pull her tail. 如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。
（2）if从句用一般现在时，主句用may/might/can。
If the fg gets thicker the plane may/might be diverted.
如果雾再大一些，飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。
If it stps snwing we can g ut. 如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。
（3）if从句用一般现在时，主句用must/shuld。
If yu want t lse weight yu must/shuld eat less bread.
如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。
（4）if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般现在时。
If yu heat ice it turns t water. (也可用will turn)如果把冰加热，它就会化成水。
（5）if从句用现在进行时，主句用一般将来时。
If yu are lking fr Peter yu’ll find him upstairs.
如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。
（6）if从句用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时。
If yu have finished dinner I’ll ask the waiter fr the bill.
如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账。
【知识拓展】
1. 在以when，befre，as sn as等引导的时间状语从句，也适用＂主将从现＂原则，即如果主句是一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时。
I’ll tell her the gd news when she cmes back.
当她回来的时候，我将把这个好消息告诉她。
she will give yu a call as sn as she returns.
她一回来就会给你电话。
2.If条件句的同义句：祈使句，and /r+将来时态的陈述句。
Wrk hard, and yu will make great prgress.
= If yu wrk hard, yu will make great prgress.
如果你努力学习，你就会取得大的进步。
Hurry up, r yu will be late.
=If yu dn’t hurry up, yu will be late.
如果你不快点，你就要迟到了。
【巧学妙记】
1. Spud Webb remained in anther basketball league fr a year ________the NBA tk ntice f him.
A. whenB. befreC. sinceD. after
2. The stry is interesting everybdy likes it very much.
A. very; thatB. s; thatC. such; thatD. such; because
3. Nbdy knws if he ____，If he ____here, I’ll call yu at nce.
A. will cme; will arrive B. will cmes; arrives
C. cmes; will arrive. D. cmes, arrives.
4. Yur spken English will certainl y imprve ______ yu practise it every day.
A. thughB. befreC. if D. until
5. She read the text ludly all the students culd hear her.
A. becauseB. sinceC. whenD. s that
6. I advise yu t g t an English crner________ yu can imprve yur listening and speaking.
A. s thatB. even thughC. whetherD. as sn as
7. I are nt ging ut________ yu have finished yur hmewrk.
A. thatB. butC. sD. until
8. —I am really prud f my grup________ we’re always discussing and sharing study secrets tgether.
—Hw imprtant the grup wrk is!
A. untilB. as ifC. becauseD. thugh
9. Remember t keep in tuch with yur teachers and classmates ________ graduatin.
A. whenB. befreC. duringD. after
10. — Hw sn shall we leave the airprt?—We wn't leave ________ we make sure that everything is OK.
A. because B. until
C. as sn as D. if
11. —________ yu knw little abut this art frm, yu can read a bk t learn mre.
— OK, I will.
A．SinceB．ButC．BefreD．Hwever
1. 【2020 •黔西南州】The Chinese dctrs went t Italy t help the patients________they knew it was dangerus.
A. becauseB. ifC. thughD. as sn as
2. 【2020 •黑龙江哈尔滨市 】—Tim, ur freign teacher Ms. Green will g back t England next week.
—Really? Let's have a party t say gdbye t her ________ she is free this weekend.
A. unlessB. ifC. thugh
3. 【2020 •江苏省苏州市】Check what yu have written _______ yu hand in yur applicatin frm.
A. sinceB. befreC. afterD. while
4. 【2020 •山东滨州市 】—I think I am the shyest in my class. What shuld I d?
—Be mre active in class, ________ yu can imprve yur ability t express yurself.
A. s thatB. unlessC. rD. althugh
5.【2020 •温州市】Little Mary says gd night t her parents________ she ges t bed every day.
A. ifB. untilC. befreD. unless
6.【2020 •南通市】Max gt lst and was trapped in the frest fr 10 hurs _______ a farmer nearby fund him.
A. ifB. sinceC. untilD. after
7. 【2020 •天津市】Yu’d better tidy up yur rm ________ yur father cmes back.
A．sB．rC．befreD．but
8. 【2020 •江苏省淮安市】Our schl basketball team will win the next match _________ they practise mre.
A. ifB. befreC. thughD. while
9.【2020 •江苏泰州市】Father is t tired tday. Dn’t call him ________ it is necessary.
A. ifB. unlessC. whenD. whether
10.【2020 •无锡市】I think the cffee beans are frm Brazil, ________ I’m nt cmpletely sure.
A. becauseB. sinceC. thughD. whether
11.【2020 •徐州市】We’re nt very clse friends________ we’ve knwn each ther fr a lng time.
A. untilB. althughC. asD. if
12.【2020 •扬州市】Lucy held her head up like a queen________ Bill was telling his tale.
A. afterB. befreC. whileD. until
13.【2020 •镇江市】My parents gave red packets t my cusin every Spring Festival___________ she gt a jb, because she said she was able t make mney.
A. afterB. whenC. untilD. since
14.【2020 •江西省】It was great in the end ________ we had a terrible time at the beginning.
A. ifB. unlessC. whenD. althugh
15.【2020 •沈阳市】_______ Simn has dne well in his studies, he still wrks really hard.
A. SinceB. IfC. AlthughD. Unless
16.【2020 •铁岭葫芦岛】________ she is very yung, she can take gd care f herself.
A. IfB. UnlessC. SinceD. Althugh
17.【2020 •青海省】I was still feeling hungry ________ I had eaten sme sandwiches.
A. sB. thughC. since
18.【2020 •青岛市】In Chinese families, peple wn't start dinner ________ the elders take their seats.
A. afterB. whenC. becauseD. until
19.【2020 •山东日照】________ the traffic was heavy, we still gt t the railway statin n time.
A. AsB. UnlessC. WhenD. Althugh
20.【2020 •山西省】Swimming is, f curse, interesting. But ________ we plan t g swimming, being safe must cme first.
A. thughB. whenC. unless
21.【2020 •云南省】—Excuse me. Where is the nearest htel?
—Just g dwn this rad ________ yu see a library. It’s acrss frm it.
A. untilB. becauseC. hweverD. thugh
22.【2020 •安徽省】Our English teacher is nice and patient she is very strict with us.
A．ifB．asC．unlessD．thugh
23.【2020 •福建省】In sme cities f China, yu'll get fined ________ yu dn't walk alng the crsswalk while crssing the rad.
A．ifB．thughC．until
24.【2020 •上海市】Vivian will take her daughter t the amusement park________she gets the tickets．
A．ifB．untilC．althughD．unless
25.【2020 •甘肃武威市】Yu will feel cld ________ yu dn't wear a cat.
A. sB. thughC. ifD. unless
26.【2020 •海南省】President Xi encurages all Chinese peple t plant trees_________ ur cuntry can be greener and mre beautiful.
A. s thatB. as lng asC. even thugh
27.【2020 •黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】Wechat Pay (微信支付) makes ur life cnvenient. We can buy things ________ we dn't take any mney.
A. becauseB. s thatC. even thugh
28.【2020•长沙市】________ yu have prblems, just let me knw. I'll always be there fr yu.
A. HweverB. WhateverC. Whenever
29.【2020•长沙市】________ the utbreak f COVID-19 is a terrible blw t the cuntry, the gvernment is trying hard t bring the situatin under cntrl.
A. AlthughB. IfC. Unless
30.【2020•岳阳市】The mvie Nezha is__________ educatinal ________ I want t see it again.
A. s; thatB. such; thatC. t; t
31.【2020•益阳市】Yu can surf the Internet _________ yu want t knw mre abut the 2020 Wrld Middle Schl Games.
A. ifB. althughC. until
32.【2020•郴州市】We shuld prtect the envirnment ________ we can make a better wrld t live in.
A s thatB. even thughC. as sn as
33.【2020•湖南省邵阳市】—Dn't frget t prtect yur eyes well__________ yu take nline classes.
—OK. Thank yu, Sir.
A．ifB．thughC．as if
34.【2020•襄阳市】— It’s said that Zhu Jielun will hld a cncert next mnth in Xiangyang.
— I’m sure the fans will be happy _______ it’s true.
A. untilB. althughC. befreD. if
35.【2020•孝感市】We will make fewer mistakes __________ we are careful enugh.
A. as lng asB. s thatC. as far asD. even if
36.【2020•湖北省宜昌市】—What d yu feel ____________ yu are lking thrugh the ld pictures?
—Hw time flies!
A. becauseB. thughC. whileD. unless
37.【2020•江苏省淮安市】—When shall we g n a picnic Saturday r Sunday?
—_________ is OK. I'm free the whle weekend.
A. NeitherB. AllC. EitherD. Bth
38.【2020•辽宁丹东】I dn’t like Sun Cinema ________ it has bad service.
A. becauseB. althughC. unlessD. until
39.【2020•辽宁丹东】—I'm afraid we can't wrk ut the math prblem________the teacher helps us.
—That's true. It's t difficult.
A. ifB. unlessC. becauseD. as sn as
40.【2020•东营市】________ he is dead, Kbe Bryant’s spirit will cntinue t influence us.
A. IfB. UntilC. BecauseD. Althugh
41.【2020•广西北部湾】_______ yu are in truble, yu can ask the pliceman fr help.
A. WheneverB. WhateverC. Hwever
42.【2020•内蒙古包头市】She says that she'll have t clse the restaurant ______ business imprves.
A．ifB．afterC．unlessD．when
1.【2020•安徽省中考二模】Yu can't g t the reading rm ________ yu have a schl ID card. It is nly fr students.
A. ifB. althughC. unlessD. since
2. 【2020•安徽省芜湖市三模】—Tm, d yu knw if Sam _______ t my party next week?
—I think he will cme if he __________.
A. cmes; will inviteB. will cme; will be invited
C. cmes; invitesD. will cme; is invited
3.【2020•黑龙江省牡丹江市市中区一模】In China, we can’t start eating ________everyne is at the table. It’s ne f ur Chinese table manners.
A. sinceB. untilC. althugh
4. 【2020•江苏省南京市建邺区中考二模】___________I have t live my life withut bks, the days wuld all be empty.
A. ThughB. UnlessC. IfD. Until
5. 【2020•江西省宜春市安高市中考二模】Helen was very rude t me. I refuse t speak t her again __________ she says srry.
A. untilB. ifC. becauseD. since
6. 【2020•山东省菏泽市曹县二模】Mary is afraid f the dg. She will run away ________she sees it.
A. althughB. as sn asC. s that
7. 【2020•合肥市庐阳区中考二模】 The theater will clse dwn _________mre mney can be raised t supprt it.
A. sB. unlessC. sinceD. when
8. 【2020•安徽省合肥市瑶海区中考二模】 —Emma, what d yu want t be in the future?
—I want t be a dctr. This has been my dream_______ I was a kid.
A. sinceB. whenC. untilD. befre
9. 【2020•甘肃省张掖市中考一模】 —Hw lng have yu lived in the new building?
—_____2010.
A. AfterB. InC. SinceD. Befre
10. 【2020•湖南省长沙市长郡双语实验中考一模】Thse plants in the yard will nt die________ yu take gd care f them.
A. untilB. unlessC. if从属连词
用法
例句
While
＂与……同时，在……期间＂，从句常用延续性动词或表示状态的词
Dn’t talk lud while（as）thers are wrking.
别人工作时，请勿大声说话。
When
＂当……时＂，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生，从句的动词可用延续性动词，也可用非延续性动词
It was raining when we arrived.
我们到达时，天正下着雨。
when yu read the pem a secnd time, the meaning will becme clearer t yu.
当你再读一遍这首诗，你就会更清楚它的含义。
As
＂正当，一边……一边，随着＂，表示两个动作同时发生或某事发生时，另一个动作发生了
As time went n, his thery prved t be crrect.
随着时间的推移，他的理论被证明是正确的。
Till/Until
用于肯定句时，表示＂直到……为止＂，主句必须为延续性动词；ntuntil/till表示＂直到……才＂，主句常用短暂性动词
We shall wait until/till he cmes back.
我们将一直等到他回来。
I didn’t leave until/till she finished her hmewrk.
直到她完成作业我才离开。
Since
＂自……以来＂，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时，从句用一般过去时
I have heard lt f gd things abut yu since I cme back frm abrad. 自从我从国外回来，我已经听许多好的事情。
Befre
在……以前
He must finish all the wrk befre he ges hme.
回家之前他必须完成所有的工作。
After
在……之后
Let’s play ftball after schl. 放学后我们打篮球吧。
【知识拓展】
时间状语从句的时态问题：在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句如果使用一般将来时态，从句使用一般现在时表示将来，即所谓的＂主将从现＂。
As sn as I arrive in Beijing, I will ring yu up. 我一到北京就给你打电话。
Yu’ll fall behind the thers unless yu study hard. 如果你不努力学习，你将会落后于其他人。
＂ if ＂ 引导的条件状语从句的记忆口诀
if 条件句不一般，几个要点记心间；
条件句,放在前，逗号要放句中间。
条件句表真实，主将从现要遵从；
条件句非真实，虚拟语气用到位。
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