江苏省如皋中学2022届高三上学期期初测试英语试题+Word版含答案（无听力音频）

这是一份江苏省如皋中学2022届高三上学期期初测试英语试题+Word版含答案（无听力音频），共19页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
江苏省如皋中学2021-2022学年度第一学期期初测试
高三英语
第一部分 听力理解 (本大题共20小题，共30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man doing now?
A. Fixing a computer. B. Cooking. C. Reading.
2. Who will go to the party with the woman?
A. Peter. B. Paul. C. Jack.
3. What is the weather like now?
A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a photo studio. B. In an art gallery. C. In a classroom.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. An author. B. A novel. C. A film.

第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why is the man’s grandma in hospital this time?
A. She has high blood pressure.
B. She is having a cold.
C. She has got a heart attack.
7. What does the man plan to do with his grandma?
A. Send her to an old people’s home.
B. Ask her to live with him.
C. Hire a caretaker for her.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Waiter and customer. B. Receptionist and guest. C. Businessman and client.
9. What has run out?
A. Chef salad. B. Fish fry. C. Red wine.
10. What time is it now?
A. Around 10:20. B. Around 10:30. C. Around 11:00.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did the man major in at college?
A. English. B. Psychology. C. Accounting.
12. What stopped the woman from accepting the job?
A. The low salary. B. Her lack of interest. C. The short vacation time.
13. What does the man think of the woman’s decision?
A. Pitiful. B. Unreasonable. C. Understandable.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What does Peter remind Chloe to do before the crossroads?
A. Signal first. B. Slow down. C. Mind the cars behind.
15. When did Chloe get her driver’s license?
A. This Wednesday. B. This Friday. C. This Saturday.
16. Where are the speakers headed next?
A. To the bakery. B. To the restaurant. C. To the school.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Why did the birds in the study get killed?
A. They crashed into buildings.
B. They died of climate change.
C. They fell down because of tiredness.
18. How many species of birds were studied?
A. 40. B. 52. C. 80.
19. Which parts of the birds became larger?
A. Their bodies. B. Their leg bones. C. Their wings.
20. How do the researchers feel about the birds’ changes?
A. Surprised. B. Worried. C. Confused.

第二部分 阅读理解 (本大题共20小题，共50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
You know all about the dangers of exhaustion. You even know that working too many hours affects your productivity, and yet there's always one more task that needs finishing one more email to write, or one more impatient customer or boss who doesn't want to wait till Monday. Here are some tips that may help you deal with pressure at work when you feel exhausted.
Don't save sleeping time.
Not only does a good night's sleep improve your mood and cognitive ability, but it helps you grow brain cells. Sleep deprivation(匮乏) is associated with a lot of mental and physical illness, and will actually make you age more quickly. Whatever else you have to forego to give way to work and meet the demands of your crazy job, make sure getting a good night's sleep every night is one of your priorities.
Get plenty of exercise.
Exercise is a known mood elevator and stress killer, as well as something that your body needs to remain healthy. There's evidence that a daily two-mile walk can help your cognitive function. So fit some exercise in your schedule every day or follow Steve Jobs' example and conduct meetings while walking.
Take brief breaks during the day.
Even a few minutes between meetings and phone calls will make a big difference. And also, go outside during these breaks. Sunlight and fresh air can do a lot of good.
Put a vacation on your calendar.
Having a vacation on your calendar will give you something to look forward to. And as the date approaches, do not reschedule whatever happens. Taking a vacation will give your mind a rest. You might be surprised at how reinvigorated (振作的) and inspired you'll be getting back to work.
Schedule evening and weekend activities.
This will give your week some variety—it won't all be about your job. It will be better if your off-hours activities involve other people you care about, such as your spouse, partner, kids, or friends.

21. What might be the purpose of the passage?
A. To show the danger of stress and overwork.
B. To tell us some skills of improving work efficiency.
C. To persuade people not to work overtime.
D. To tell us how to get through high-stress times at work.
22. What does the underlined word “forego” in Paragragh2 mean?
A. Carry out. B. Focus on. C. Give up. D. Get over.
23. What can you do to give your mind a rest?
A. Take a vacation. B. Save sleeping time.
C. Conduct meeting while walking. D. Plan weekend activities.

B
Tea, the most typical of English drinks, is a relative latecomer to British shores. Although the custom of drinking tea dates back to the third millennium (一千年) BC in China, it was not until the mid-17th century that the drink first appeared in England. It was the Portuguese and Dutch traders who first imported tea to Europe, reaching the Continent by the way of Venice around 1560, with regular shipments by 1610.
Curiously, it was the London coffee houses that were responsible for introducing tea to England. One of the first coffee house merchants to offer tea was Thomas Garway. He sold both liquid and dry tea to the public as early as 1657. Three years later he issued a broadsheet advertising tea at £6 to £10 per pound, touting (兜售) its virtues at "making the body active and lusty (健壮的)", and "preserving perfect health until extreme old age".
Tea gained popularity quickly in the coffee houses, and by 1700 over 500 coffee houses sold it. This distressed the pub owners, as tea cut their sales of beer, and it was bad news for the government, who depended upon a steady stream of revenue (税收) from taxes on liquor sales. By 1750 tea had become the favored drink of Britain's lower classes.
A 1676 act taxed tea and required coffee house operators to apply for a license. This was just the start of government attempts to control, or at least, to profit from the popularity of tea in Britain. By the mid-18th century, the duty on tea had reached a ridiculous 119 percent. This heavy taxation had the effect of creating a whole new industry—tea smuggling (走私). Ships from Holland and Scandinavia brought tea to the British coast, then stood offshore while smugglers met them and unloaded the precious cargo in small vessels. The smugglers, often local fishermen, secretly moved the tea inland through underground passages and hidden paths to special hiding places. One of the best hiding places was in the local church!
Even smuggled tea was expensive, however, and therefore extremely profitable, so many smugglers began to adulterate (掺假) the tea with other substances, such as willow and sloe leaves. Used tea leaves were also redried and added to fresh leaves.
Finally, in 1784 William Pitt the Younger introduced the Commutation Act, which dropped the tax on tea from 119% to 12.5%, effectively ending smuggling. Adulteration remained a problem, though, until the Food and Drug Act of 1875 brought in severe punishment for the practice.

24. What can we learn about tea drinking from the passage?
A. It is the favorite pastime of the Dutch.
B. It is an important British tradition.
C. It was well-received by the Portuguese centuries ago.
D. It could be found everywhere in the world in 1560.
25. Who might be annoyed by the popularity of the tea?
A. Coffee house owners. B. Wine sellers.
C. Britain's lower classes. D. Smugglers.
26. Which of the following statements about tea smuggling is TRUE?
A. Churches provided convenience for smuggling.
B. Fishermen and farmers contributed a lot to tea industry.
C. Underground passages and boats were ideal hiding places for tea.
D. The government encouraged tea smuggling for taxes on tea.
27. How was the order of the tea market finally restored in Britain?
A. By passing an act related to a tax rise.
B. By imposing mild punishment.
C. By punishing those who sold fake tea.
D. By mixing redried used leaves with fresh tea leaves.

C
What is the best part of a typical relaxing summer day？Nothing is better than sitting in an armchair with a beer and some chips in your hand, enjoying the great comfort.
The much-loved combination of beer and chips is being exploited for the first time to deal with climate change. Chips firm Walkers has adopted a technique it says will cut CO2 emissions(排放)from its production process by 70%.
The technology will use CO2 captured from beer processing in a brewery(啤酒厂)，which is then mixed with potato waste and turned into fertilizer. It will then be spread on UK fields to feed the following year's potato crop. Creating fertilizer normally produces high CO2 emissions, but the technology adopted by Walkers makes fertilizer without generating CO2. So, the beer-and-chips combination performs a double function. It stops the emission of brewery CO2 into the atmosphere - and it saves on the CO2 normally generated by fertilizer production.
This Creative win-win solution was developed with an approval from the UK government by a 14-employee start-up called CCm. The fertilizer was experimented on potato seed beds this year, and next year Walkers will install CCm equipment at its Leicester factory to prepare for its 2022 crop.
A decision has not yet been made on which brewery Walkers will work with on this. The new technology adds to carbon-saving techniques already under way. The firm has installed an anaerobic digester (厌氧消化池)，which feeds potato waste to bacteria to produce a useful gas. The gas is burned to make electricity for the chip-frying process - so this saves on burning gas or coal.
The new system will go a step further by taking away potato "cake" left after digestion - and mixing the brewery CO2 into it to make an enriched fertilizer which will help put carbon back into the soil as well as encouraging plant growth.
It's an example of scientists finding ways to use CO2 emissions which otherwise would increase the over-heating of the planet.

28. What is the purpose of the first paragraph？
A. To draw readers' attention.
B. To entertain readers.
C. To show how useful beer and chips are to our life.
D. To introduce a way of life.
29. Which of the following is an advantage of the system？
A. It will be totally cost-free.
B. It doesn't consume any energy.
C. It will be a perfect solution to climate change.
D. It is environmentally-friendly.
30. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？
A. How CO2 is turned into fertilizer.
B. How the technology stops CO2 emissions.
C. How an energy-saving green technology works.
D. The advantages of a new technology.
31. What can be inferred from the text？
A. The technology will fix the problem of global warming.
B. Scientists are seeking solutions to climate change.
C. This technology will be adopted by many chips firms soon.
D. Walkers has a wide range of partner choices.
D
Rain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn't just made of water anymore – it's partly made of plastic.
Millions of tiny pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are wandering around Earth's atmosphere and traveling across entire continents, according to a study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on April 12. Another study, published in the journal Science in June 2020，has revealed that every year more than 1，000 tons of the particles (颗粒)- equivalent to over 120 million plastic bottles - fall in rain.
Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter (直径) and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are manufactured deliberately to provide abrasion(研磨)in a host of products, such as toothpaste and cleansers, according to the Daily Mail. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash synthetic (合成的)clothing, tiny microfibers get flushed (冲掉) away with the wastewater. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea, according to American magazine Wired.
Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with. The tiny particles, too small to be seen with the naked eye, are collected by the wind from the ground. They are so light that they stay in the air to be blown around the globe. As they climb into the atmosphere, they are thought to act as nuclei (核心) around which water vapor (水蒸气) condenses (凝结) to form clouds. Some of the dust falls back to land in dry conditions, while the rest comes down as rain, according to the Daily Mail.
Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastic, reported Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too. "We live on a ball inside a bubble," microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathclyde, Scotland, told Wired. "There are no borders, there are no edges. It (plastic rain) is raining on the land and then getting blown back up into the air again, to move somewhere else. There's no stopping it once it's out."
32. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about？
A. How microplastics come into being. B. How microplastics are used widely.
C. How microplastics pollute water. D. How microplastics should be handled.
33. What do we know about microplastics？
A. They are light and can be easily dealt with.
B. They result in both acid rain and plastic rain.
C. They have a diameter of at least 5 millimeters.
D. They have nearly affected the whole food chain.
34. What do Steve Allen's words mean in the last paragraph？
A. The atmosphere possesses the capacity to self-cleanse.
B. It is important to remove microplastics somewhere else.
C. No place is safe from microplastic pollution.
D. Countries should work together to fight plastic pollution.
35. What's the main purpose of the article？
A. To compare acid rain and plastic rain.
B. To introduce the sources and effects of microplastics.
C. To call on people to reduce using plastic products.
D. To warn people of the dangers of microplastics.

第二节 阅读七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out.   (36)   Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
•Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.   (37)  
•Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start.   (38)   If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
•  (39)   Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
•  (40)   If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.
 There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.

A. You will stick to your diet.
B. Your quality of sleep improves.
C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.
F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G. G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you're doing it now, then listen up!


第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The victims were carried in one by one, their paws and fur burned, suffering from dehydration(脱水) and fear. Their caretakers __(41)__ their wounds, and __(42) __ them in baskets with the only thing that was __(43)__ －the leaves of eucalyptus (桉树) tree. As miserable fires have __(44)__ more than 2 million acres in Australia, only dozens of koalas have been __(45)__ from the smoky trees and __(46)__ ground.
Koalas, unlike kangaroos, birds or snakes, do not __(47)__ from fires but instead climb trees to the top, where they can curl themselves into a ball for __(48)__ and wait for the danger to __(49)__.
But during big fires such as those that have burned in recent weeks, the animals are far less likely to __(50)__. Even if the fire itself does not reach the tree __(51)__, the animals may overheat and fall to the ground, where they can be burned to death.
The tough situation of the koala has raised __(52)__ among scientists and conservationists(环保主义者). While koalas have developed to exist alongside the wildfires, they are facing new __(53)__, not just from climate change but also from human development, which has dislocated koalas' populations, __(54)__ their ability to survive fires.
We have these __(55)__ animals not found anywhere else on this planet, and we are killing them. This is a big wake-up call.

41.  A. touched B. treated C. ignored D. discovered
42.  A. threw B. locked C. laid D. forced
43.  A. familiar B. plentiful C. tough D. flexible
44.  A. reached B. left C. burned D. trapped
45.  A. killed B. recognized C. hurt D. rescued
46.  A. deadly B. black C. broad D. safe
47.  A. escape B. die C. suffer D. rise
48.  A. balance B. protection C. abortion D. comfort
49.  A. attack B. come C. pass D. swap
50.  A. jump B. climb C. fall D. survive
51.  A. top B. leaves C. trunk D. root
52.  A. passion B. concern C. fear D. interest
53.  A. chances B. collisions C. neighbors D. threats
54.  A. weakening B. developing C. enriching D. ensuring
55.  A. shabby B. unprotected C. unconscious D. unique


第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
  The Mid-Autumn Festival, is celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar. It is a time for family members and loved ones to congregate and enjoy the full moon – a symbol of   (56)  (abundant), harmony and luck. Adults will usually indulge in fragrant mooncakes of many   (57)   (vary) with a good cup hot Chinese tea,   (58)   the little ones run around with their brightly-lit lanterns.
The Mid-Autumn Festival probably began as a harvest festival,   (59)   was later given a mythological flavour with legends of Chang-E, the beautiful lady in the moon. According to Chinese mythology, the earth once had 10 suns   (60)   (circle) over it. One day, all ten suns appeared together, scorching the earth with their heat. The earth was saved when a strong archer, Hou Yi,   (61)   (manage) to shoot down nine of the suns. Yi stole the elixir(长生不老药)of life   (62)  (save) the people from his tyrannical(残暴的)rule, but his wife, Chang-E drank it. Thus started the legend of the lady in the moon to whom young Chinese girls would pray at the Mid-Autumn Festival.
In the 14th century, the eating of mooncakes at the Mid-Autumn Festival   (63)   (give) a new significance. The story goes that when Zhu Yuan Zhang was plotting to overthrow the Yuan Dynasty started by the Mongolians,   (64)   rebels hid their messages in the Mid-Autumn mooncakes. On the night of the Moon Festival, the rebels   (65)  (success) attacked and overthrew the government.

第四部分 书面表达 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
上周五，你校举行了一次中国象棋比赛。请你为校英语报写一篇短文，介绍这次比赛，内容包括：
1.参赛选手情况；
2.比赛过程；
3.个人感受。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Chinese Chess Match
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Willie Wilson would always live lite to the fullest. He was Mr. Popular at school, the star of his middle school basketball team, with dreams of going national team. At 13，his life changed. He couldn't see the words on the blackboard clearly in class. He couldn't read books without difficulty. Soon he hardly recognized his schoolmates in the halls.
His parents took him to the eye doctor. Willie could still slam-dunk(扣篮)like no one else, so they thought there was nothing serious to worry about. Maybe he just needed glasses. But it kept getting worse. By 15，he was almost completely blind.
Willie didn't handle the situation very well. He came home drunk and picked fights at school with anyone who dared to make fun of his blindness. "I was trying to show everyone that there was nothing wrong with me," he says. "To prove that I was still the same 'Thrill Willie Wilson'." That denial(拒绝)was blown away one Sunday when Willie heard news on TV. At 18，he gave his life to the Lord and read books in Braille (盲文)，finding comfort in God's special love for those who are weak. He went to college and was a changed man.
His progress was stopped, though. He started to lose his hearing in the same way he had lost his eyesight. By 21，he was blind and deaf. He dropped out of school, stopped education and moved back home with his parents. This time, the doctors were able to tell the cause of his symptoms-a brain tumor(肿瘤).
Willie's world became doctors' appointments, hospitals and surgeries. His spare time was spent recalling in his childhood bedroom. His friends disappeared. He challenged himself to learn American Sign Language so he could communicate with others by feeling their hands. His parents and relatives found signing difficult, though. Instead, they drew letters into his hand. Willie grew frustrated by the lack of meaningful conversation.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
His grandfather Willie Wilson, Sr.， encouraged him not to lose hope. _____________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
However, an organization specially designed for the disabilities helped him regain his confidence and live a positive life. _______________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

1 BCCBA 6 ACBCA 11ABCAA 16 CABCB
21. DCA 24. BBAC 28. ADCB 32. ADCB
36. GEF BA 41. BCACD 46. BABCD 51. ABDAD
56. abundance 57. varieties 58. while   59. which 60. Circling
61. managed 62. to save 63. was given 64. the 65. successfully  

A Chinese Chess Match
Last Friday, our school held a Chinese chess match. Dozens of active players who are good at Chinese chess were selected from each class.【高分句型一】（参赛选手情况）
The match was really wonderful. When the judge gave the order to begin, all the players started to concentrate on competing against each other. Meanwhile, the audience watched silently. After rounds of intense com-petition, there was an uproar when the judge announced the result and they were awarded Chinese classic literature books.【高分句型二】（比赛过程）
Through the match, I've realized playing chess can improve one's concentration and cultivate one's mind. I believe more and more students will love it.（个人感受）  

读后续写
His grandfather Willie Wilson, Sr.， encouraged him not to lose hope. "You can't see or hear as well as others," he told Willie, "but you can do anything you set your mind to do." 【高分句型一】But Willie didn't listen to his grandfather's words. He couldn't even fold his own clothes or make himself a sandwich. "I just stayed in my bed," he recalls. His faith in his dreams was fading, like the way his sight and hearing had. （祖父对Wilson的鼓励以及Wilson对此的态度。）
However, an organization specially designed for the disabilities helped him regain his confidence and live a positive life. He moved into one of the 15 apartments at the organization. He finally found what he'd been so desperate to regain-his independence. 【高分句型二】 These days, Willie is Mr. Popular once again. His signing is improving and he often talks with his friends with his sharp sense of humor. He cooks meals and does his own laundry. Willie says, "I'm able to take care of my own business. I'm living life in my own way now-Willie style!"（这个组织对于Wilson的改变，以及Wilson再次取得的一些进步。）  

【解析】
21~23. 【文章大意】本文主要提供了一些建议，告诉我们该如何应对工作压力、缓解工作疲倦。
1. 根据第一段最后一句"Here are some tips.. .exhausted. (这里有一些建议可以帮助你在感到疲倦时应对工作压力) "可知，本文是关于如何应对工作压力的。可知告诉我们如何度过:工作压力大的时刻”，故选D。
2. 根据第二段最后一句Whatever else you have to forego to give way to work and meet the demands of your crazy job, make sure getting a good night's sleep every night is one of your priorities.（不管你为了工作和满足疯狂工作的要求而不得不放弃什么，确保每晚睡个好觉是你的首要任务之一。）可知forego的意思是“放弃”，与give up同意。故选C。
3. 根据第五段第三句"Taking a vacation will give your mind a rest. (休假会让你的大脑得到休息) "可知，本题答案应该是休假。故选A。
24~27. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。讲述了茶在英国的发展历史。
1. 根据第一段Tea, the most typical of English drinks（茶，最典型的英国饮料）可知，喝茶在英国也是很受欢迎的。故选B。
2. 根据第三段Tea gained popularity quickly in the coffee houses...who depended upon a steady stream of revenue (税收) from taxes on liquor sales.可知，茶的流行使酒吧老板很苦恼，因为茶的出售因为茶削减了他们的啤酒销量，这对政府来说是个坏消息，因为政府依赖于来自酒类销售税收的稳定收入。故选B。
3. 
根据第四段This heavy taxation had the effect of creating a whole new industry...One of the best hiding places was in the local church!（这种重税造成了一个全新的产业——茶叶走私。来自荷兰和斯堪的纳维亚的船只，把茶叶带到了英国海岸，然后停靠在近海，走私者与他们会面，用小船卸下珍贵的货物。走私者，通常是当地的渔民，通过地下通道和隐蔽的小路，秘密地将茶叶运往内陆特殊的藏匿地点。最好的藏身之处就是当地的教堂！）可知，因为对茶叶的重税，促使茶叶走私的形成。当地渔民把走私的茶叶藏在当地的教堂，所以教堂为走私茶叶提供了便利。故选A。
4. 
根据最后一段内容可知，最后，在1784年，小威廉·皮特引入了减税法案，将茶叶税从119%降至12.5%，有效地终止了走私。掺假一直是个问题，直到 1875年的《食品和药品法》对这种行为进行了严厉的惩罚。由此可知，正是因为对茶叶掺假问题的行为进行了严厉的惩罚后，茶叶市场才恢复了正常的秩序。故选C。
28~31. （1）A.推理判断题。根据第一段What is the best part of a typical relaxing summer day？ Nothing is better than setting in an armchair with a beer and some chips in your hand, enjoying the great comfort.  一个典型的放松的夏日里最好的部分是什么？没有什么比坐在扶手椅上，手里拿着啤酒和一些薯条，受这种巨大的舒适更好的了。）和第二段中The much-loved combination of beer and chips is being exploited for the first time to deal with climate change. 人们喜爱的啤酒和著条的组合首次被用来应对气候变化。可知， 第一段的目的是吸引读者的注意，故选A.
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第二段中Chips firm Walkers has adopted a technique it says will cut CO2 emissions （排放） from its production process by 70%.    薯片公司Walkers采用了一种技术，据说可以将其生产过程中的二氧化碳排放量减少70%；Creating fertilizer normally produces high CO2 emissions, but the technology adopted by Walkers makes fertilizer without generating CO2. So, the beer- and-chips combination performs a double function.  制造肥料通常会产生很高的二氧化碳排放，但Walkers所采用的技术在制造肥料时不会产生二氧化碳。 因此，啤酒和著条的组合有双重功能。可知，该系统的优点之一是有环保性，故选D.
（3）C.段落大意题。根据第三段中The technology will use CO2 captured from beer processing in a brewery （啤酒厂），which is then mixed with potato waste and turned into fertilizer. It will then be spread on UK fields to feed the following year's potato crop.  这项技术将使用啤酒厂从啤酒加工过程中捕获的二氧化碳，然后与马铃薯废料混合，变成肥料。然后，它将被传播到英国的田地里，为来年的马铃薯作物提供养料；It stops the emission of brewery CO2 into the atmosphere and it saves on the CO2 normally generated by fertilizer production. 它可以阻止啤酒厂将二氧化碳排放到大气中，还可以节省通常由化肥生产产生的二氧化碳。可知，本段主要是介绍了这项绿色节能技术的工作原理，故选C.
（4）B.推理判断题。根据最后一段It's an example of scientists finding ways to use CO2 emissions which otherwise would increase the over- heating of the planet. 这是科学家们设法利用二氧化碳排放的一个例子，否则它会加剧地球的过热。可知，科学家们正在寻找气候变化的解决方案，故选B.
这是一篇健康环保类阅读，文章主要介绍了科学家找到了利用二氧化碳排放的一个办法-啤酒和薯条的组合来应对气候变化，减少地球的热量。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
32~35. （1）A.段落大意题。根据第三段Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter (直径) and come from a number of sources.微塑料是指直径小于5毫米的塑料颗粒，有多种来源；和下文提到的三种微塑料来源可知，本段主要讲微塑料是怎么形成的，故选A.
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第五段Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastic, reported Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too.你能想象到的所有地方都有微塑料。据英国《每日邮报》报道，从鱼、青蛙到老鼠和蚊子，人们发现它们的尸体平均含有40片微塑料。作为食物链的顶端，人类也暴露在微塑料中。可知，微塑料存在于整个生物食物链中，同时也影响整个食物链，故选D.
（3）C.推理判断题。根据最后一段"We live on a ball inside a bubble," microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathclyde,Scotland,told Wired. "There are no borders,there are no edges.It（plastic rain）raining on the land and then getting blown back up into the air again,to move somewhere else.There's no stopping it once it's out.""我们生活在一个气泡里的球上"，苏格兰斯特拉斯克莱德大学的微塑料研究员史蒂夫•艾伦告诉《连线》杂志。"没有边界，没有边缘。雨（塑料雨）落在地上，然后又被吹到空中，移到别的地方去。一旦落了，就再也挡不住了。"可知，他认为微塑料造成的污染无法逃避，没有安全的地方，故选C.
（4）B.写作目的题。根据文章内容可知，本文用雨引出微塑料无处不在这一话题，第三自然段分析了微塑料的三个来源，四五自然段介绍它对生物的影响。可知，本文的主要目的是介绍微塑料的来源和影响，故选B.
本文是一篇健康环保类阅读，主要介绍了微塑料无处不在，并分析它的来源和它对生物造成的影响。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
36~40. 【文章大意】本文属于说明文，讲述的是早晨锻炼身体的好处，可以提高工作效率，加速新陈代谢，改善睡眠质量和养成规律的饮食习惯。
1.根据空前的内容"生活忙碌没有时间锻炼"和空后的内容"晨练除了身体健康之外，还能带来其他好处"，下文接着列举了晨练的其他好处。由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句。G项中then listen up!（那么请仔细听！）很好的起到了承上启下的作用。故选G。
2.根据上一句Exercising makes you more awake（锻炼能让你更清醒），E项（你可以在运动后保持头脑清醒4-10个小时。）是对上一句的进一步解释，故选E。
3.空前句子是本段的主题句，晨练是新陈代谢的开始，空后句子说如果晨练，则你会一整天卡路里都在燃烧，F项（锻炼之后，你一整天都在燃烧卡路里。）是空后句子的根据，空后句子是对F项的进一步延伸。故选F。
4.根据此处缺一个主题句，空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。B项（你的睡眠质量提高了。）是对后面内容的总述。故选B。
5.根据空后句子"If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.（如果你在早晨锻炼身体，你将更有可能坚持健康的饮食。）"，A项（你将坚持你的饮食。）符合本段内容，是主题句，起到统领下文的作用。故选A。
41~55. 【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。讲述了澳大利亚的一场大火造成许多动物受伤，其中考拉伤亡严重，这次火灾警示世人保护动物。
1. 句意：它们的护理员处理它们的伤口，把它们和唯一熟悉的东西——桉树的叶子一起放在篮子里。A.touched触碰，接触；B.treated对待，处理；C.ignored忽视，无视；D.discovered发现。根据空后的their wounds可知，此处表示“处理”它们的伤口。故选B。
2. 句意同上。A.threw投掷；B.locked把……锁起来；C.laid放置；D.forced强迫。根据空后的them in baskets可知，是把它们放在篮子里。故选C。
3. 句意同上。A.familiar熟悉的；B.plentiful丰富的；C.beautiful美丽的；D.expensive昂贵的。根据空后的the leaves of eucalyptus (桉树) tree以及常识可知，考拉以采食桉树叶为主，因此桉树叶是它们熟悉的东西。故选A。
4. 句意：在澳大利亚，可怕的大火已经烧毁了200多万英亩的土地，只有几十只考拉从烟雾缭绕的树林和黑色的土地中获救。A.reached到达；B.left离开；C.burned烧毁；D.trapped使……陷入险境，陷入圈套。根据空前的miserable fires可知，大火烧毁了200多万英亩的土地。故选C。
5. 句意同上。A.killed杀死；B.recognized认出，辨别；C.hurt伤害；D.rescued营救。结合上下文语境可知，此处表示只有几十只考拉获救。故选D。
6. 句意同上。A.flat平的，平坦的；B.black黑色的；C.broad宽阔的；D.safe安全的。结合上文miserable fires可知，土地被烧过了就变成了黑土。故选B。
7. 句意：考拉不像袋鼠、鸟或蛇，它们不从火中逃生，而是爬到树顶，在那里它们可以蜷缩成一个球来保护自己，等待危险过去。A.escape逃脱；B.die死亡；C.suffer遭受；D.rise上升，攀升。根据空后的from fires but instead climb trees to the top可知，它们不是从火中逃脱​，而是爬到树的顶端。故选A。
8. 句意同上。A.balance平衡；B.protection保护；C.challenge挑战；D.comfort安慰，舒适。根据空前的curl themselves into a ball可知，蜷缩成一个球是为了保护自己。故选B。
9. 句意同上。A.attack袭击，攻击；B.come来；C.pass通过，终止；D.avoid避免。结合上文内容可知，考拉不会从火中逃脱，而是蜷缩成一个球保护自己，从而等待危险过去。故选C。
10. 句意：但是在大火灾中，比如最近几周发生的火灾中，这些动物存活的可能性要小得多。A.jump跳；B.climb爬；C.fall落下，掉落；D.survive幸存，生还。根据下文the animals may over heat and fall to the ground, where they can be burned to death可知，考拉在火灾中生还的几率还是很小的。故选D。
11. 句意：即使火本身没有烧到树顶，这些动物可能会过热而倒在地上，在那里它们会被烧死。A.top顶部；B.leaves树叶；C.trunk树干；D.root根，根茎。根据上文but instead climb trees to the top可知，考拉会逃到树顶，但即使大火没有烧到树顶部，考拉也可能会由于温度过热而掉到地上。故选A。
12. 句意：考拉的困境引起了科学家和环保主义者的关注。A.passion热情；B.concern关心，关注；C.fear害怕；D.interest兴趣。根据空前的The tough situation of the koala可知，考拉的艰难处境引起科学家和环保人士的关注。故选B。
13. 句意：虽然考拉已经进化到可以在森林大火中生存，但它们面临着新的威胁，不仅来自气候变化，还来自人类的发展，人类的发展使考拉的数量发生了变化，削弱了它们在火灾中生存的能力。A.chances机会；B.choices选择；C.neighbors邻居；D.threats恐吓，威胁。根据空后的not just from climate change but also from human development可知，考拉也面临着新的生存威胁。故选D。
14. 句意同上。A.weakening削弱；B.developing发展；C.enriching充实，使……丰富；D.ensuring确保。根据语境，故选A。
15. 句意：我们有这些在这个星球上其他地方都找不到的独特的动物，我们正在杀死它们。A.lonely孤独的；B.stupid笨的，愚蠢的；C.lazy懒惰的；D.unique独一无二的。结合常识可知，考拉是澳大利亚的国宝，是独特的珍贵动物。故选D。
56~65. 【试题解析】
1. 考查不可数名词。由harmony and luck可知，空格处用名词作of的宾语，abundant的名词为abundance，是不可数名词，故填abundance。
2. 考查可数名词单复数。由many可知，空格处用名词的复数，即varieties，故填varieties。
3. 考查连词。根据句意“大人们通常会在享用美味的月饼和热茶的同时，尽情享受各式各样的月饼，而孩子们则提着亮灯跑来跑去”可知，空格处用连词while表并列，故填while。
4. 考查关系代词。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词festival指物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句中had作谓语，空格处用非谓语形式，suns和circle之间为主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，在句中作宾语补足语，故填circling。
6. 考查时态。根据前面的was可知，句子时态用一般过去时，因此空格处用过去式，故填managed。
7. 考查动词不定式。根据句意“羿偷了长生不老药，把人民从他的暴政下救了出来”可知，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to save 。
8. 考查语态。由In the 14th century可知，句子时态是一般过去时，主语为动名词eating of mooncakes，且句子是说“中秋节吃月饼被赋予了一种新的意义”，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were done，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，故填was given。
9. 考查冠词。根据句意“叛军将他们的信息藏在中秋月饼里”可知，空格处用定冠词表特指，故填the。
10. 考查副词。空格处用副词修饰动词attacked，success的副词是successfully，意为“成功地”，故填successfully。
57. 高分句型一
Dozens of active players who are good at Chinese chess were selected from each class.
分析：句子里，代指先行词Dozens of active players,关系词who引导定语从句are good at Chinese chess.
翻译：每个班都选出了几十名擅长中国象棋的棋手。
高分句型二
After rounds of intense com-petition, there was an uproar when the judge announced the result and they were awarded Chinese classic litera-ture books.
分析：句子里，修饰先行词an uproar,关系词when引导定语从句the judge announced the result and they were awarded Chinese classic litera-ture books.
翻译：经过一轮轮激烈的比赛，当裁判宣布结果并授予他们中国古典文学书籍时，现场气氛达到高潮。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。
58. 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Willie Wilson在15岁时，几乎完全失明，他在18岁时，将自己的生命献给了上帝，阅读盲文书籍，从上帝对弱者的特殊关爱中寻求安慰。他上了大学，改头换面了。结果21岁的时候，他又瞎又聋。他辍学了，停止了学业，搬回家和父母住在一起。医生确诊他得了脑瘤，Wilson对生活感到沮丧。然而，一个专门为残疾人士设计的组织帮助他重拾信心，并积极地生活。他终于找到了他渴望已久的东西--他的独立。
高分句型一：
 "You can't see or hear as well as others," he told Willie, "but you can do anything you set your mind to do."
翻译："你看不见也听不见，"他对威利说，"但你可以做任何你下定决心要做的事。"
分析：（运用了省略关系代词that的定语从句）
高分句型二：
 He finally found what he'd been so desperate to regain-his independence.
翻译：他终于找到了他渴望重新获得独立的东西。
分析：（运用了what引导宾语从句）
解题方法点拨
 （1）品读原文。确定文章线索
      每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于 号生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
      （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
      一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文缕写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
      （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
      根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
      （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
      在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连费。
      （5）关键用词，标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语这一点可以帮助考生自己检查关键词的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在眷写文字时，务必做到"字述工整、清晰。

Text 1 (36词) 忙着做菜
W: Dad, my computer is dead again. Can you come and check it?
M: Ask your brother, Jenny. He’s reading at his study and has plenty of time. My hands are full making all these dishes.
Text 2 (40词) 参加聚会
W: Peter, you will come with me to this Saturday’s party, won’t you?
M: I’m sorry, but Paul and I really need to finish the sales report before the deadline. Don’t worry. You still have Jack to be your company.
Text 3 (25词) 防晒霜用完了
W: Oh, no. My sunscreen has been used up.
M: You won’t need it today anyway. Look at the clouds. It’s about to rain soon.
Text 4 (33词) 不许拍照
M: Sorry, madam, but you can’t take photos here.
W: Oh, sorry, I forgot. The paintings and sculptures here are just too beautiful. How I wish I could show them to my students.
Text 5 (36词) 史蒂芬·金
W: Oh, I’m fascinated. Tell me more about this Stephen King.
M: Sure. Do you know besides writing books, he also sometimes acts in those films or TV series based on his works?
W: Wow, Cool.

难题点拨：
第5题为主旨要义题。此题重点在于准确理解“besides writing books”及“acts in those films or TV series based on his works”。可推断二人讨论的Stephen King是一个作家。结合对话开头女子那句“Tell me more about this Stephen King”，可知该段对话的主题就是围绕一个作家展开的。故选A。

Text 6 (115词) 照看祖母
W: Frank, are you having a cold?
M: Oh, I’m fine. Just a little tired. I had to look after my grandma last night.
W: Didn’t she just recover from her heart attack?
M: Well yeah, but she is having unusual high blood pressure this time. The doctor said she has to stay in hospital for a week.
W: Your grandma is too old to live alone. Why not ask her to live with you?
M: We asked, but she refuses to become a burden. And we don’t want to send her to an old people’s home. I’m thinking of hiring a professional who can take care of her 24/7 after she comes back home.
Text 7 (159词) 客房服务
W: Hello. I’d like a bottle of red wine, a fish fry and a big bowl of chef salad to be sent to Room 701.
M: I’m sorry. We have run out of red wine. Will other drinks do?
W: Never mind. Just bring the rest of what I have ordered and that’ll be fine.
M: Okay, madam.
W: Just to let you know, I need to go out and fetch a client in half an hour.
M: Don’t worry, madam. The things will be delivered to your room in 10 minutes.
W: So I’ll get them around 10:30? Good.
M: Is there anything else I can do for you, madam?
W: No. That’s all. Thanks.
M: My pleasure.
Text 8 (150词) 职业选择
W: Have you found a job yet?
M: Uh, no, not really. I’m planning to go on with my study. You know it’s not easy for a college graduate to find a good job these days.
W: Yeah. So will you continue studying English?
M: Oh, no. Actually I’ve found out that I’m more into psychology. Anyway, what about you?
W: Well, I got an offer from an accounting firm: very decent salary, four weeks of paid vacation every year, and business travels around the country.
M: Wow, sounds pretty good.
W: Yeah, except that I didn’t accept it.
M: Why?
W: Because accounting means numbers, and I don’t really want to deal with numbers everyday for the rest of my life.
M: I understand. You had every reason to do that. If you accept a job which you don’t really like, it’ll eventually become a pity in your heart.

难题点拨：
第11题为推理判断题。男子说想 “go on with the study”，因为 “it’s not easy for a college graduate to find a good job these days”。女子问男子是不是打算 “continue studying English”。可以推断出男子在大学的专业应该就是English。故选A。
Text 9 (143词) 新手司机
M: Always be attentive to the cars behind you, Chloe.
W: Okay.
M: And the speed limit here is only 30 kilometers per hour.
W: I know, Peter.
M: Okay, now we’re nearing the crossroads. Don’t forget to signal before you make the turn.
W: Hey, you’re not my driving instructor.
M: I’m doing this for your own good. It’s the Friday afternoon and there’re so many cars on the street. You just got your driver’s license this Wednesday, remember?
W: You’re only making me nervous! Just don’t tell me what to do, all right?
M: Okay, okay. My bad. Oh, Shall we stop by some bakery and order a cake for your dad? It’s his birthday this Saturday.
W: Already did that. Let’s just pick up Lily at the school and then head for the restaurant. She must be starving.
M: Okay.
Text 10 (179词) 气候变化导致鸟类变小
M: A new study has found that North American migratory birds have been getting smaller. It involved data on nearly 80,000 birds killed over the past 40 years in Chicago. The birds included in the study had died after crashing into buildings during the spring and fall migrations. Researchers say the finding suggests a warming climate could be affecting bird growth in North America.
Fifty-two species of birds were studied. Most were different kinds of songbirds. Over the 40-year period, body size decreased in all 52 species. The average body mass fell by 2.6 percent. Leg bone length dropped by 2.4 percent. However, the average wingspread increased by 1.3 percent. The researchers said the wing growth likely happened to permit the birds to continue making long migrations with smaller bodies.
According to a scientific rule, individuals within a species grow smaller in warmer areas and grow larger in colder ones.
Researchers said the study provides new evidence of worrisome developments for North American birds. Since 1970, bird population in the U.S. and Canada has surprisingly dropped by 29 percent.