山东省济南市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试 物理试题 PDF版含答案

高二物理参考答案

一、单项选择题：本题共8个小题，每小题3分，共24分。

1．B      2．A     3．C   4．D      5．B    6．C    7．D    8．A

二、多项选择题：本题包括4小题，每小题4分，共16分。

9．BD      10．BCD     11．BC     12．AD

三、非选择题：本题共6个小题，满分60分。

13．(1)ABD   (2分，漏选得1分，错选不得分)        (2)B   (2分)

(3)1.16×10－2(1.14×10－2～1.18×10－2之间都对) (2分)；　6×10－10  (2分)

14．(1)BC   (2分，漏选得1分，错选不得分)

(2)①   (2分)

      ③  (2分)  

  ④   (2分)

15．解：(1) A质点开始振动的方向沿y轴负方向，故第二次出现波峰经历的时间

t1=   解得T=0.4s ························(2分)

由图可得λ=4m    ∴ m/s ·····················(2分)

(2)  B点第一次出现波谷的时刻为s ············ (2分)

        B走过的路程为为s=5A=50cm·················(2分)

16．(1)位移最大时，加速度最大，m所受静摩擦最大。对整体列牛顿第二定律方程有：

         ····································(1分)  

∴

       对m有：f=ma  ·························(1分)

             µmg≥f···························(1分)

          解得：·····························(1分)

(2)对系统，由能量守恒可得：

  ········································(2分)

解得：··································(2分)

17．解：(1)由题意可知，出射角r=45o ············(1分)

    ······························(2分)

解得：···························(1分)

(2) 临界角  ······························(2分)

解得：C=37o

要使光线在AB、AC界面均发生全反射，需满足

90o－θ≥37o

可得：37o≤θ≤53o

过P点做AB垂线交于Q，由几何关系得：

PQ=a

QM=a   ·······························(3分)

在AB边上的入射角β=53o

故在ΔPQN中，由几何关系可得：

QN=a···················(2分)

综上所述，符合要求的区域为

··································(2分)

18．(1)取上部气缸中的气体作为研究对象，由波意尔定律得：

     ······································① (2分)     

  解得：p1= 2p0·················· (1分)

  根据 可得h1=10m   ···············(1分)

(2)设B活塞相对气缸移动的距离为x1，对两部分气体分别由波意尔定律得：

  ·········································②   (2分)

········································③   (1分) 

联立②③可解得：··························(1分)

∴ h2=40m  ·······························(1分)

(3) 设A活塞恰好移动至上部气缸底端时水深为H，此时B活塞相对气缸移动的距离为x2，则对两部分气体分别由波意尔定律得：

································   ④ (1分)

 ··································  ⑤ (1分)

联立④⑤可解得：       ············· (2分)  

∴ H=50m  ····························(1分)

此后随着水深的增加，A活塞和B活塞的位置不再便化

故水深60m处，稳定后活塞B相对气缸N移动的距离 (1分)