还剩9页未读，
继续阅读
语法解读：英语定语从句讲解与练习
展开
这是一份语法解读：英语定语从句讲解与练习，共12页。
is a hardwrking student wh always gets first in his class.
汤姆是一个用功的学生，他在班里总是第一名。（修饰名词student。）
Ftball is played ver 80 cuntries, which makes it ppular.
80多个国家都在踢足球，因此足球很流行。
（修饰整个主句Ftball is played ver 80 cuntries。）
先行词与关系词
1．什么是先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。可以这样理解，之所以称它为先行词，是因为先行词总是出现在定语从句之前，而不同于普通形容词修饰名词，形容词常位于名词之前。
’t frget the bk that I tld yu t bring.
别忘了我让你带的书。（the bk为先行词。）
2．先行词与关系词的关系：引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。关系词根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
含有定语从句的句子一般分为两层：即主句层（第一层），定语从句层（第二层）。
特别提示：
①关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。定语从句总在被修饰的先行词后面。
②在定语从句中，关系代词起着代词和连词的作用，关系副词起着副词和连词的作用。
③在定语从句中，关系词代替先行词，因此在定语从句中不能再重复作用相当于先行词的词。
下面的句子是错误的：
This is the right bk that yu are lking fr the bk.（应去掉the bk。）
This is the right bk that yu are lking fr it.（应去掉it。）
关系词的种类
①常见的关系代词
chemistry teacher is a man wh/that can make his class lvely and interesting.
我们的化学老师可以使他的课堂生动有趣。
（主格wh/ that在定语从句中作主语，代指人a man。）
Mr. White invited many friends t his party whm/wh/that he respected much.
怀特先生邀请了很多他十分尊敬的朋友来参加他的宴会。
（宾格whm/ wh/ that在定语从句中作respected的宾格，代指many friends。）
②常见的关系副词
marks in places where yu have questins.
在你有问题的地方做出标记。
（where为关系副词，在定语从句中作地点状语。）
I still remember the time when we first met scres f years ag.
我依然记得几十年前我们第一次见面的情景。
（when为关系副词，在定语从句中作时间状语。）
特点提示：选择关系代词三步骤：
步骤一：首先找出先行词。
bk that/which yu just laid n the tp shelf is mine.
你刚才放在高层书架上的书是我的。（the bk是先行词，指物。）
步骤二：确定先行词在从句中所作的成分。
先行词the bk在后面的定语从句中作laid的宾语，因此选择指物的关系代词which/that作宾语。
步骤三：确定关系代词的人称和数。
在此处由先行词the bk可知是第三人称单数，如果关系代词作主语，则从句的谓语动词相应用单数。
关系代词的用法
（1）关系代词有：wh, whm, whse, that, which, as。
如果要修饰方式，用that或in which引导，或者不用引导词。
e.g.I dn’t like the way (that, in which) he eyed me.
我不喜欢他看我的那个样子。
（2）关系代词wh在从句中主要作主语，在非正式语体里wh还可以作从句中的宾语。
is the man wh wants t see yu.
他就是想要见你的那个人。（wh在从句中作主语）
（3）关系代词whm。
is the man whm I saw in the park yesterday.
他就是我昨天在公园里见到的那个人。
（whm在从句中作宾语）
作宾语用的引导词可以省略，因此上面的句子可以改写如下：
He is the man I saw in the park yesterday.
（4）关系代词whse用来指人或物，（只能用作定语，若指物，它还可以同f which互换）。
pass me the bk whse (f which) cver is green.
请递给我那本绿皮的书。
（5）关系代词which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时在非正式语体中可以省略。
needed a plant which didn’t need as much water as rice.
他们需要一种不像水稻那么需要水的作物。（作主语）
注意：当有which和that要进行选择的情况下，以下情况要选which：
①在非限制性定语从句中通常用which作引导词，而不能用that做非限制性定语从句的引导词。
②修饰整个主句。
e.g.I never met Julia again after that, which was a pity.
从那以后我再也没有见到过朱莉叶，真是遗憾。
③修饰谓语部分
can swim in the river, which I cannt.
他会在河里游泳，那正是我不会的。
④介词＋which
are all questins t which there are n answers.
那些问题都是无头公案。
（6）关系代词that多用来指物，有的也可以用来指人；在从句中作主语或宾语。指物的时候多用that，也可用which。
’s a questin that (which) needs careful cnsideratin.
这是一个需要仔细考虑的问题。（指物，作主语。）
注意：在以下的情况中，只能用that作引导词，而不能用which作引导词：
① 先行词为all, everything, anything, nthing, little等不定代词时。
that she lacked was training.
她所缺少的只是训练。
注意：everything等为先行词时，引导词可以省略。
② 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
is the best film that I have ever seen.
这是我看过的电影中最好的一部。
③ 先行词被序数词和the last修饰时。
④ 先行词中既有人又有物时。
talked abut the teachers and the schls that they had visited.
他们谈论他们参观过的那些学校和老师们。
⑤ 主句是含有wh或which的特殊疑问句，为了避免重复时。
（7）关系代词as用于引导限制性定语从句时，多数和such…as和the same…as连用。
e.g.I have never heard such a stry as he tld.
我从未听过他讲的这种故事。
注意：as和which的区别：
关系代词as用于引导非限制性定语从句时，应注意以下几点：
① as引导的非限制性定语从句位于句末时，一般可以和which互换。
authr was brught up in a small village, as (which) is recunted in sme f his stries.
作者是在一个小村庄里长大的，这个问题在他的一些小说里已被提到过。
但是，当主句是否定句时，as和which就不能互换，因为as引导的非限制性定语从句不包含否定意义。
② as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句子的最前面，而which引导的定语从句不能放在句首。
yu will find ut, all is nw settled.
你将会看到这样一种情况，一切都已搞定了。
关系副词的用法
常用的关系副词有where, when, why, that等。这些关系副词在定语从句中作状语。注意：关系副词里面没有hw。
（1）where的用法：在定语从句中作地点状语，指代地点。此时常可用in which, n which, at which, t which等结构代替。
can be grwn in places where it is t cld t grw rice.
（＝Ptat can be grwn in places in which it is t cld t grw rice.）有些太冷不能种稻米的地方，可以种马铃薯。
（2）when的用法：在定语从句中作时间状语，往往代指时间。此时常可用n which, in which, at which, during which等代替。
e.g.I shall never frget the days when we wrked n the farm.
（＝I shall never frget the days n which we wrked n the farm.）
我永远也不会忘记我们在农场劳动的那些日子。
（3）why的用法：why在定语从句中作原因状语。可以用fr which代替。why不可引导非限制性定语从句，此时可用fr which代替。
e.g.I have cme arund t explain the reasn why I was absent frm the meeting.
我来是为了向你解释我当时没到会的原因。（why在从句作原因状语。）
（4）that的用法
在表明方式、时间或地点的先行词后面，常用that来代替in which，when或where，that也可省去。that在句中不作任何成分，只起到引导定语从句的作用，修饰的先行词常为the way, the time, the day, the place等，此时也可换为其他相应的关系副词。
① 表示方式时。that（=in which）常省略。此时不能用hw引导定语从句，但把the way去掉之后。可直接用hw引导方式状语。
yu wrk ut a way （that/ in which） we can slve this prblem？你能找出一种我们可以解决这个问题的方法吗？
（that在定语从句中不作成分。）
② 表示地点时，that（＝where＝介词＋which）也可省略。
e.g.I have never been t the places（that/ where/ in which） the Indians live.
我从未到过那些印第安人居住的地方。
（that在定语从句中不作成分。）
③ 表示时间时，that（=when=介词＋which）也可省略。
e.g.I still remember the days （that/ when /n which） I helped my father n the farm.
我仍然记得在农场上给我爸爸帮忙的日子。
（that在定语从句不作成分。）
④ 另外，关系副词that有时还可用来代替关系副词why，表示原因。
reasn that （=why）he lst his life was lack f medical care.
他的死是由于缺乏医疗护理。
特别提示：在下面这个句子中，不能用why，只能用which或that。
I dn’t want t hear any reasn （that/ which） yu might give.
我不想听你给出的任何理由。
（在这个定语从句中，that/ which作定语从句中谓语动词give的宾语。）
（5）关系副词的省略
① 在某些表示时间的名词后的关系副词可以省略。如the time, every time, each time, the mment等。
the time (when) he was furteen years ld Einstein had learnt advanced mathematics all by himself.
到十四岁时，爱因斯坦已经自学了高等数学。
D yu still remember the day（when） we first met？
你仍然记得我们第一次相遇的那一天吗？
② 在某些句子中表示地点的名词后关系副词有时也可以省略。如the place等。
’s the place (where) he lived when he was in Paris.
这就是他在巴黎时所住的地方。
This is the place (where) we met years ag.
这就是多年前我们见面的地方。
③ 先行词the reasn后面的关系副词可以省略。
’s the reasn (why) I asked yu t cme.
这就是我叫你来的原因。
The reasn (why) he did that is quite clear.
他那样做的理由是非常清楚的。
④ 当先行词是way时，关系副词常常省略。
e.g.I appreciate the way (that) yu teach us.
我非常喜欢你教我们的方式。
注意事项
1．主谓一致问题
这是指关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中谓语动词的单复数形式与先行词一致的问题。
① 取决于先行词，先行词是单数时，从句的谓语动词用单数；先行词是复数时，从句的谓语动词用复数。
Smith, wh is nw dwnstairs, is asking t see yu.
史密斯先生要见你，他现在正在楼下。
（定语从句的谓语动词is根据Mr. Smith而定。）
The Smiths, wh are nw dwnstairs, are asking t see yu.
史密斯夫妇要见你，他们正在楼下。
（定语从句的谓语动词are根据the Smiths而定。）
② “ne f＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；“the（nly, very, right） ne f＋复数名词”作主语时。谓语动词用单数形式。
is ne f the students wh were awarded.
杰夫是当时获奖的学生之一。
（本句的先行词是the students，即所修饰的中心词为the students，因此谓语动词应根据the students而定。）
Jeff is the nly ne f the students wh was awarded.
杰夫是唯一一个获奖的学生。
（本句的中心词移到了the nly ne，因此定语从句的谓语动词需根据the nly ne而定。）
2．what，hw不可引导定语从句
① what本身是复合关系代词，等同于“先行词＋关系代词（which/that）”。因此不能用what引导定语从句。
is what we demand mst.
（=Time is all (that) we demand mst.）
我们所需要的就是时间。
Tell me what is happening.
（=Tell me smething that is happening.）
告诉我正在发生什么事。
She isn’t what she used t be.
（=She isn’t the ne (that) she used t be.）
她不是过去的她了。
② hw为复合关系副词。本身等同于the way in which，因此，不能用hw引导定语从句。
e.g.I dn’t like hw yu behave.
（=I dn’t like the way (that/ in which) yu behave.）
我不喜欢你行事的方法。
This is hw I wrked ut this prblem.
（=This is the way (that/ in which) I wrked ut this prblem.）
这就是我解出这道题的方法。
关系代词和关系副词填空
1. A yung farmer _________ wanted a wife wuld lk at a yung wman’s paper-cutting skills befre marrying her.
2. Chen is a paper-cutting expert ________ I interviewed fr my article n Chinese art.
3. Peple t _________ the dead persn was related wuld make these fferings n special days and during festivals.
4. Paper cuts ________shw the Chinese character fr duble happiness are ften used t celebrate weddings.
5. There are three types f paper cuts __________peple still make tday.
6. Paper-cutting is smething _______ he learned t d frm an early age.
7. Paper cuts f animals have been fund in tmbs ________ date back t the time f the Nrthern and Suthern Dynasty.
8. A present fr parents ________ child has recently been brn might shw a paper cut f children, fr example.
9. Sme pre-schl children g t a day care center, _______they learn simple games and sngs.
10. This is the factry ______yur father used t wrk many years ag.
This is the factry __________ sme freign friends visited last Friday.
11.The reasn ______she didn’t cme t Tm’s birthday is that her mther wn’t
let her.
12. That tree, __________ branches are almst bare, is very ld.
13. Sme f the rads were flded, _____ made ur jurney mre difficult.
14. _________ is knwn t all, Taiwan is part f China.
Key:
1. wh 2. whm/that 3. whm
4. which/that 5. which 6. that
7. which 8. whse 9. where
10. where, which 11. why 12. whse
13. Which 14. As
选择填空
1. The number f peple _____ lst hmes reached as many as 300.
A. /
B. wh
C. which
D. whm
2. September 18. 1931 is the day _________ we’ll never frget.
A. n which
B. in which
C. that
D. fr which
3. Lk at my cuch ________ I nly paid $100.
A. f which
B. that
C. fr which
D. which
4. They are talking abut Alice. _____ yu met yesterday.
A. whm
B. that
C. which
D. with whm
5. There was a time _____ wmen were nt allwed t take part in sprts.
A. in which
B. where
C. when
D. /
6. Culd yu please give me a reasn _________ yu left us withut a wrd?
A. why
B. that
C. what
D. which
7. Can yu think f a situatin _____ yu may use this expressin?
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. /
8. He still lives in the cttage _____ windw faces the sea.
A. whse
B. its
C. that
D. which
9. He asked a lt f questins. mst f ________ had nthing t d with his lessns.
A. them
B. which
C. that
D. what
10. I have tw brthers. _____ are teachers.
A. bth f them
B. bth f whm
C. bth f which
D. bth f that
11. I have finished reading a large part f the bk. _________ is mre difficult.
A the ther
B. the rest
C. the ther part
D. the rest f which
12. I will never frget the days _________ I stayed in yur beautiful cuntry.
A. n which
B. in which
C. that
D. fr which
13. Because f the traffic jam_______ I was caught. I was late fr the meeting.
A. by which
B. in which
C. that
D. where
14. _________ is knwn t all. Lu Xun was famus as a great thinker.
A. Which
B. What
C. It
D. As
15. The secnd reasn ______ he gave the teacher fr his being late fr schl sunded reasnable.
A. why
B. when
C. which
D. that
16. He believes in himself. _________. in my pinin. is f the mst imprtance.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. as
17. I hpe t get such a dictinary _________ he is using.
A. that
B. which
C./
D. as
18. _________ wh have questins t ask. raise yur hands.
A. Anyne
B. Thse
C. Smene
D. He
答案：
1-5 BCCAC 6-10 AAABB
11-15DBBDD 16-18 BDB
is a hardwrking student wh always gets first in his class.
汤姆是一个用功的学生，他在班里总是第一名。（修饰名词student。）
Ftball is played ver 80 cuntries, which makes it ppular.
80多个国家都在踢足球，因此足球很流行。
（修饰整个主句Ftball is played ver 80 cuntries。）
先行词与关系词
1．什么是先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。可以这样理解，之所以称它为先行词，是因为先行词总是出现在定语从句之前，而不同于普通形容词修饰名词，形容词常位于名词之前。
’t frget the bk that I tld yu t bring.
别忘了我让你带的书。（the bk为先行词。）
2．先行词与关系词的关系：引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。关系词根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
含有定语从句的句子一般分为两层：即主句层（第一层），定语从句层（第二层）。
特别提示：
①关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。定语从句总在被修饰的先行词后面。
②在定语从句中，关系代词起着代词和连词的作用，关系副词起着副词和连词的作用。
③在定语从句中，关系词代替先行词，因此在定语从句中不能再重复作用相当于先行词的词。
下面的句子是错误的：
This is the right bk that yu are lking fr the bk.（应去掉the bk。）
This is the right bk that yu are lking fr it.（应去掉it。）
关系词的种类
①常见的关系代词
chemistry teacher is a man wh/that can make his class lvely and interesting.
我们的化学老师可以使他的课堂生动有趣。
（主格wh/ that在定语从句中作主语，代指人a man。）
Mr. White invited many friends t his party whm/wh/that he respected much.
怀特先生邀请了很多他十分尊敬的朋友来参加他的宴会。
（宾格whm/ wh/ that在定语从句中作respected的宾格，代指many friends。）
②常见的关系副词
marks in places where yu have questins.
在你有问题的地方做出标记。
（where为关系副词，在定语从句中作地点状语。）
I still remember the time when we first met scres f years ag.
我依然记得几十年前我们第一次见面的情景。
（when为关系副词，在定语从句中作时间状语。）
特点提示：选择关系代词三步骤：
步骤一：首先找出先行词。
bk that/which yu just laid n the tp shelf is mine.
你刚才放在高层书架上的书是我的。（the bk是先行词，指物。）
步骤二：确定先行词在从句中所作的成分。
先行词the bk在后面的定语从句中作laid的宾语，因此选择指物的关系代词which/that作宾语。
步骤三：确定关系代词的人称和数。
在此处由先行词the bk可知是第三人称单数，如果关系代词作主语，则从句的谓语动词相应用单数。
关系代词的用法
（1）关系代词有：wh, whm, whse, that, which, as。
如果要修饰方式，用that或in which引导，或者不用引导词。
e.g.I dn’t like the way (that, in which) he eyed me.
我不喜欢他看我的那个样子。
（2）关系代词wh在从句中主要作主语，在非正式语体里wh还可以作从句中的宾语。
is the man wh wants t see yu.
他就是想要见你的那个人。（wh在从句中作主语）
（3）关系代词whm。
is the man whm I saw in the park yesterday.
他就是我昨天在公园里见到的那个人。
（whm在从句中作宾语）
作宾语用的引导词可以省略，因此上面的句子可以改写如下：
He is the man I saw in the park yesterday.
（4）关系代词whse用来指人或物，（只能用作定语，若指物，它还可以同f which互换）。
pass me the bk whse (f which) cver is green.
请递给我那本绿皮的书。
（5）关系代词which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时在非正式语体中可以省略。
needed a plant which didn’t need as much water as rice.
他们需要一种不像水稻那么需要水的作物。（作主语）
注意：当有which和that要进行选择的情况下，以下情况要选which：
①在非限制性定语从句中通常用which作引导词，而不能用that做非限制性定语从句的引导词。
②修饰整个主句。
e.g.I never met Julia again after that, which was a pity.
从那以后我再也没有见到过朱莉叶，真是遗憾。
③修饰谓语部分
can swim in the river, which I cannt.
他会在河里游泳，那正是我不会的。
④介词＋which
are all questins t which there are n answers.
那些问题都是无头公案。
（6）关系代词that多用来指物，有的也可以用来指人；在从句中作主语或宾语。指物的时候多用that，也可用which。
’s a questin that (which) needs careful cnsideratin.
这是一个需要仔细考虑的问题。（指物，作主语。）
注意：在以下的情况中，只能用that作引导词，而不能用which作引导词：
① 先行词为all, everything, anything, nthing, little等不定代词时。
that she lacked was training.
她所缺少的只是训练。
注意：everything等为先行词时，引导词可以省略。
② 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
is the best film that I have ever seen.
这是我看过的电影中最好的一部。
③ 先行词被序数词和the last修饰时。
④ 先行词中既有人又有物时。
talked abut the teachers and the schls that they had visited.
他们谈论他们参观过的那些学校和老师们。
⑤ 主句是含有wh或which的特殊疑问句，为了避免重复时。
（7）关系代词as用于引导限制性定语从句时，多数和such…as和the same…as连用。
e.g.I have never heard such a stry as he tld.
我从未听过他讲的这种故事。
注意：as和which的区别：
关系代词as用于引导非限制性定语从句时，应注意以下几点：
① as引导的非限制性定语从句位于句末时，一般可以和which互换。
authr was brught up in a small village, as (which) is recunted in sme f his stries.
作者是在一个小村庄里长大的，这个问题在他的一些小说里已被提到过。
但是，当主句是否定句时，as和which就不能互换，因为as引导的非限制性定语从句不包含否定意义。
② as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句子的最前面，而which引导的定语从句不能放在句首。
yu will find ut, all is nw settled.
你将会看到这样一种情况，一切都已搞定了。
关系副词的用法
常用的关系副词有where, when, why, that等。这些关系副词在定语从句中作状语。注意：关系副词里面没有hw。
（1）where的用法：在定语从句中作地点状语，指代地点。此时常可用in which, n which, at which, t which等结构代替。
can be grwn in places where it is t cld t grw rice.
（＝Ptat can be grwn in places in which it is t cld t grw rice.）有些太冷不能种稻米的地方，可以种马铃薯。
（2）when的用法：在定语从句中作时间状语，往往代指时间。此时常可用n which, in which, at which, during which等代替。
e.g.I shall never frget the days when we wrked n the farm.
（＝I shall never frget the days n which we wrked n the farm.）
我永远也不会忘记我们在农场劳动的那些日子。
（3）why的用法：why在定语从句中作原因状语。可以用fr which代替。why不可引导非限制性定语从句，此时可用fr which代替。
e.g.I have cme arund t explain the reasn why I was absent frm the meeting.
我来是为了向你解释我当时没到会的原因。（why在从句作原因状语。）
（4）that的用法
在表明方式、时间或地点的先行词后面，常用that来代替in which，when或where，that也可省去。that在句中不作任何成分，只起到引导定语从句的作用，修饰的先行词常为the way, the time, the day, the place等，此时也可换为其他相应的关系副词。
① 表示方式时。that（=in which）常省略。此时不能用hw引导定语从句，但把the way去掉之后。可直接用hw引导方式状语。
yu wrk ut a way （that/ in which） we can slve this prblem？你能找出一种我们可以解决这个问题的方法吗？
（that在定语从句中不作成分。）
② 表示地点时，that（＝where＝介词＋which）也可省略。
e.g.I have never been t the places（that/ where/ in which） the Indians live.
我从未到过那些印第安人居住的地方。
（that在定语从句中不作成分。）
③ 表示时间时，that（=when=介词＋which）也可省略。
e.g.I still remember the days （that/ when /n which） I helped my father n the farm.
我仍然记得在农场上给我爸爸帮忙的日子。
（that在定语从句不作成分。）
④ 另外，关系副词that有时还可用来代替关系副词why，表示原因。
reasn that （=why）he lst his life was lack f medical care.
他的死是由于缺乏医疗护理。
特别提示：在下面这个句子中，不能用why，只能用which或that。
I dn’t want t hear any reasn （that/ which） yu might give.
我不想听你给出的任何理由。
（在这个定语从句中，that/ which作定语从句中谓语动词give的宾语。）
（5）关系副词的省略
① 在某些表示时间的名词后的关系副词可以省略。如the time, every time, each time, the mment等。
the time (when) he was furteen years ld Einstein had learnt advanced mathematics all by himself.
到十四岁时，爱因斯坦已经自学了高等数学。
D yu still remember the day（when） we first met？
你仍然记得我们第一次相遇的那一天吗？
② 在某些句子中表示地点的名词后关系副词有时也可以省略。如the place等。
’s the place (where) he lived when he was in Paris.
这就是他在巴黎时所住的地方。
This is the place (where) we met years ag.
这就是多年前我们见面的地方。
③ 先行词the reasn后面的关系副词可以省略。
’s the reasn (why) I asked yu t cme.
这就是我叫你来的原因。
The reasn (why) he did that is quite clear.
他那样做的理由是非常清楚的。
④ 当先行词是way时，关系副词常常省略。
e.g.I appreciate the way (that) yu teach us.
我非常喜欢你教我们的方式。
注意事项
1．主谓一致问题
这是指关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中谓语动词的单复数形式与先行词一致的问题。
① 取决于先行词，先行词是单数时，从句的谓语动词用单数；先行词是复数时，从句的谓语动词用复数。
Smith, wh is nw dwnstairs, is asking t see yu.
史密斯先生要见你，他现在正在楼下。
（定语从句的谓语动词is根据Mr. Smith而定。）
The Smiths, wh are nw dwnstairs, are asking t see yu.
史密斯夫妇要见你，他们正在楼下。
（定语从句的谓语动词are根据the Smiths而定。）
② “ne f＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；“the（nly, very, right） ne f＋复数名词”作主语时。谓语动词用单数形式。
is ne f the students wh were awarded.
杰夫是当时获奖的学生之一。
（本句的先行词是the students，即所修饰的中心词为the students，因此谓语动词应根据the students而定。）
Jeff is the nly ne f the students wh was awarded.
杰夫是唯一一个获奖的学生。
（本句的中心词移到了the nly ne，因此定语从句的谓语动词需根据the nly ne而定。）
2．what，hw不可引导定语从句
① what本身是复合关系代词，等同于“先行词＋关系代词（which/that）”。因此不能用what引导定语从句。
is what we demand mst.
（=Time is all (that) we demand mst.）
我们所需要的就是时间。
Tell me what is happening.
（=Tell me smething that is happening.）
告诉我正在发生什么事。
She isn’t what she used t be.
（=She isn’t the ne (that) she used t be.）
她不是过去的她了。
② hw为复合关系副词。本身等同于the way in which，因此，不能用hw引导定语从句。
e.g.I dn’t like hw yu behave.
（=I dn’t like the way (that/ in which) yu behave.）
我不喜欢你行事的方法。
This is hw I wrked ut this prblem.
（=This is the way (that/ in which) I wrked ut this prblem.）
这就是我解出这道题的方法。
关系代词和关系副词填空
1. A yung farmer _________ wanted a wife wuld lk at a yung wman’s paper-cutting skills befre marrying her.
2. Chen is a paper-cutting expert ________ I interviewed fr my article n Chinese art.
3. Peple t _________ the dead persn was related wuld make these fferings n special days and during festivals.
4. Paper cuts ________shw the Chinese character fr duble happiness are ften used t celebrate weddings.
5. There are three types f paper cuts __________peple still make tday.
6. Paper-cutting is smething _______ he learned t d frm an early age.
7. Paper cuts f animals have been fund in tmbs ________ date back t the time f the Nrthern and Suthern Dynasty.
8. A present fr parents ________ child has recently been brn might shw a paper cut f children, fr example.
9. Sme pre-schl children g t a day care center, _______they learn simple games and sngs.
10. This is the factry ______yur father used t wrk many years ag.
This is the factry __________ sme freign friends visited last Friday.
11.The reasn ______she didn’t cme t Tm’s birthday is that her mther wn’t
let her.
12. That tree, __________ branches are almst bare, is very ld.
13. Sme f the rads were flded, _____ made ur jurney mre difficult.
14. _________ is knwn t all, Taiwan is part f China.
Key:
1. wh 2. whm/that 3. whm
4. which/that 5. which 6. that
7. which 8. whse 9. where
10. where, which 11. why 12. whse
13. Which 14. As
选择填空
1. The number f peple _____ lst hmes reached as many as 300.
A. /
B. wh
C. which
D. whm
2. September 18. 1931 is the day _________ we’ll never frget.
A. n which
B. in which
C. that
D. fr which
3. Lk at my cuch ________ I nly paid $100.
A. f which
B. that
C. fr which
D. which
4. They are talking abut Alice. _____ yu met yesterday.
A. whm
B. that
C. which
D. with whm
5. There was a time _____ wmen were nt allwed t take part in sprts.
A. in which
B. where
C. when
D. /
6. Culd yu please give me a reasn _________ yu left us withut a wrd?
A. why
B. that
C. what
D. which
7. Can yu think f a situatin _____ yu may use this expressin?
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. /
8. He still lives in the cttage _____ windw faces the sea.
A. whse
B. its
C. that
D. which
9. He asked a lt f questins. mst f ________ had nthing t d with his lessns.
A. them
B. which
C. that
D. what
10. I have tw brthers. _____ are teachers.
A. bth f them
B. bth f whm
C. bth f which
D. bth f that
11. I have finished reading a large part f the bk. _________ is mre difficult.
A the ther
B. the rest
C. the ther part
D. the rest f which
12. I will never frget the days _________ I stayed in yur beautiful cuntry.
A. n which
B. in which
C. that
D. fr which
13. Because f the traffic jam_______ I was caught. I was late fr the meeting.
A. by which
B. in which
C. that
D. where
14. _________ is knwn t all. Lu Xun was famus as a great thinker.
A. Which
B. What
C. It
D. As
15. The secnd reasn ______ he gave the teacher fr his being late fr schl sunded reasnable.
A. why
B. when
C. which
D. that
16. He believes in himself. _________. in my pinin. is f the mst imprtance.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. as
17. I hpe t get such a dictinary _________ he is using.
A. that
B. which
C./
D. as
18. _________ wh have questins t ask. raise yur hands.
A. Anyne
B. Thse
C. Smene
D. He
答案：
1-5 BCCAC 6-10 AAABB
11-15DBBDD 16-18 BDB
相关学案
2022年高考英语语法讲解--定语从句详解学案： 这是一份2022年高考英语语法讲解--定语从句详解学案，共7页。
2022年高考英语语法--定语从句讲解和练习学案： 这是一份2022年高考英语语法--定语从句讲解和练习学案，共10页。学案主要包含了典型例题解析，选讲例题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022高考英语语法讲解-限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别学案： 这是一份2022高考英语语法讲解-限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别学案，共3页。学案主要包含了 句法功能， 先行词不尽相同， 关系词的使用情况有所不同， 下列情形用非限制性定语从句等内容，欢迎下载使用。
