江苏省常州市2018-2020年中考英语解析版试卷精选汇编：阅读理解专题（含解析）

这是一份江苏省常州市2018-2020年中考英语解析版试卷精选汇编：阅读理解专题（含解析），共33页。

阅读理解专题
江苏省常州市2020年中考英语试卷
三、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题6分，满分26分）阅读下列短文， 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
12．（6分）With so much free time on our hands during lockdown， many of us have entertained the idea of knowing more about the world． Learning a foreign language is a good choice． Here are a few examples， in order of time it takes people to learn them．
Latin languages （about 600 hours）
The popular Latin languages ﹣ Italian， French， Spanish and Portuguese ﹣ require about 600 hours to learn． Of these， Spanish and Italian are the easiest for English speakers to learn． They are followed by Portuguese and finally French．
Latin languages share many words with English．However，those shared words look or sound similar， but have different meanings over time．
Greek （1，100 hours）
Modern Greek is maybe the easiest language to learn that uses a different alphabet（字母表）．It is also a language that has contributed many words to English． Indeed， the president of Greece once gave two speeches at an international meeting that included just Greek loan words（外来词） as well as the unavoidable basic English．
Japanese （2， 200 hours）
Counting objects in Japanese depends on whether they are long and thin （like "roads"）， small and round （like "apples"）， thin and flat （like "sheets of paper"）， and hundreds more examples．
What Japanese you speak also depends on your gender（性别）． There's a "rough" language for men and a more "ladylike" language for women， but you must understand both．
Chinese （2， 200 hours）
Each Chinese written word is hardly understandable when spoken between a Mandarin （普通话） speaker in Beijing and a Cantonese speaker in Guangdong． If you think that's strange， consider our number system： the symbol "2" is widely understood but it's pronounced "two" in English and "duex" in French．

（1）For an English speaker， which of the following is the easiest to learn？　 　
A． Japanese．
B． French．
C． Greek．
D． Italian．
（2）What can we learn from the passage？　 　
A． The same word in two languages always has the same meaning．
B． The English language and the Greek language use the same alphabet．
C． Objects are counted differently in Japanese according to their shapes．
D． A Mandarin speaker and a Cantonese speaker write Chinese differently．
（3）The purpose of this passage is to tell English speakers　 　．
A． how to learn some foreign languages
B． why they must learn a foreign language
C． some information on the difficulty of foreign languages
D． not to choose an Asian language to learn as it is too hard
【分析】本文讲述了学习一门外语是一个不错的选择．以下是几个例子，按照人们学习这些语言的时间顺序排列．
【解答】（1）D 细节理解题．根据"拉丁语"部分：Spanish and Italian are the easiest for English speakers to learn．西班牙语和意大利语是讲英语的人最容易学的．结合选项可知，对于一个说英语的人来说，意大利语最容易学．故选D．
（2）C 细节推测题．根据"日语"部分：Counting objects in Japanese depends on whether they are long and thin （like "roads"）， small and round （like "apples"）， thin and flat （like "sheets of paper"），日文中计算物体的数量取决于它们是长而细（像"路"），小而圆（像"苹果"），薄而平（像"纸"）．可以推测出，在日语中，物体根据形状的不同而计数．故选C．
（3）C 推理判断题．根据首段Learning a foreign language is a good choice． Here are a few examples， in order of time it takes people to learn them．学习一门外语是一个不错的选择．以下是几个例子，按照人们学习这些语言的时间顺序排列．结合全文可以推测出，这篇文章的目的是告诉说英语的人关于外语难度的一些信息． 故选C．
【点评】先浏览所给的问题以及选择项，然后带着问题在通读原文的基础上快速地找到答案，然后再回过头来检查一遍，确保万无一失
13．（6分）Influenza， or flu（流感）， is a type of virus． It spreads from one person to another quickly． When someone who has the flu coughs or sneezes， little droplets from their lungs （肺） spread out into the air．Anyone nearby can get sick． Even a person who touches something with the virus and then touches his or her mouth， eyes， or nose， can become infected（感染）．
The outbreak of the 1918 influenza infected about 500 million people worldwide． It killed from 20 million to 50 million people． It was first seen in Europe， the United States， and parts of Asia．It then spread quickly around the world． Many people who became sick were young， healthy adults．At the time， no treatments worked in the prevention of the spread of the killer flu． People were ordered to wear masks． Schools， theaters and other public places were closed．
When the first wave（波＞in the spring of 1918 hit， it didn't seem serious． People who were infected felt the usual flu symptoms（症状）， which are chills， fevers， and feeling tired． Those who got sick generally got better after several days． Not many died． However， a second， highly contagious（传染的）wave of influenza appeared in the fall of that same year． Victims died shortly after they were infected ﹣ within hours or days． Their skin turned blue and their lungs were filled with liquid（液体），making it very difficult to breathe．
By the summer of 1919， the flu pandemic（大流行病） came to an end． Sick people had either got well or died． Almost 90 years later， in 2008， researchers announced they'd discovered why the 1918 flu was so deadly． The flu virus inflamed （使…恶化）the lungs， causing them to fill with liquid．
Since 1918， there have been several other influenza pandemics， although none has been quite as deadly．

（1）What information about the 1918 flu is mentioned in the passage？　 　
A． The reason why it was so deadly．
B． The reason why it ended．
C． The change it caused to medical research．
D． The place in which it was last seen．
（2）All the people that were infected with the 1918 flu　 　．
A． had blue skin that led to their death
B． had touched someone with the virus
C． died as their lungs were filled with liquid
D． had the virus in their bodies that made them sick
（3）Which of the following statements about the 1918 flu is TRUE according to the passage？　 　
A． Wearing a mask was the best way to treat it．
B． A younger person had a lower risk of being infected with it．
C． People expected the coming of its second wave， but couldn't stop it．
D． It was deadlier than any other influenza pandemic in modern history．
【分析】本文主要讲了流感的传播方式以及1918年全世界流感爆发的详细情况．
【解答】细节理解题．
（1）A．题目问在文中有关1918年流感提到了什么信息，根据第四段Almost 90 years later， in 2008， researchers announced they'd discovered why the 1918 flu was so deadly．可知文中提到了1918年流感致命的原因，故选A．
（2）D．题目意为感染1918流感的所有人_____，根据第四段By the summer of 1919， the flu pandemic（大流行病） came to an end． Sick people had either got well or died． Almost 90 years later， in 2008， researchers announced they'd discovered why the 1918 flu was so deadly． The flu virus inflamed （使…恶化）the lungs， causing them to fill with liquid．可知感染了这种病毒的人使得肺部恶化，因此判断得1918年流感的人都感染了这个流感病毒．故选D．
（3）D．题目问根据文章有关1918年流感的陈述哪一项是正确的，根据最后一段Since 1918， there have been several other influenza pandemics， although none has been quite as deadly．可知自从1918年以来也出现过一些其他的流感，但是都没有这次致命，因此判断自从1918年以来，即现代历史中它比其他任何一种流感都要致命，故选D．
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查．
14．（6分）"What's wrong， Carina？" Collin asked． "Homesick again？"
His sister nodded．
"Yeah， me too．" Collin sighed（叹息）．
Their family had moved to the new place nearly four months ago． The new place was housed inside a huge transparent dome （透明的圆屋顶）． It still didn't feel like home．
"I miss my friends，" Carina said sadly． "And green grass and swimming， and everything． I even miss the sound of rain on the roof（屋顶）．"
"Worst of all，" Carina continued， "my birthday is in two days， and I don't think Mom and Dad are planning anything special． They're too busy．"
"She's probably right，" thought Collin． Life here was very busy for scientists like their parents． He doubted if they had time to plan a party． And how could they anyway？ Things such as balloons and birthday candles didn't exist here． They didn't even have enough materials to make a cake．
"Don't worry．" Collin put an arm around Carina's shoulder．
Collin walked toward the agricultural center， where his mom worked． He found her taking notes on some tall tube﹣like plants．
"What are those？" he asked．
"Bamboo plants，" said Mom． "They're strong and grow fast． They make good building materials．"
"May I have a piece？"
"Sure．" Mom handed one to him and made a note on her notebook．
The next day， Collin made tiny holes into the piece of bamboo and put small nails（钉子）into each hole． He poured a handful of pebbles（鹅卵石） inside and covered the open ends．
Collin held the bamboo piece carefully as he hurried home． He hid it behind his back and opened the front door． To his surprise， Mom and Dad were home early from work． Mom was carrying something that looked like a cake．
He looked closer and realized Mom had made a cake with dried apples and cinnamon（肉桂皮）sugar．A real treat， on the Moon．
Collin handed his sister the bamboo rod． "Happy birthday!"
"What is it？" Carina asked， looking at it curiously．
"A rain stick，" said Collin． "Whenever you turn it over， the pebbles fall around the nails and it sounds like rain．"
Carina turned the stick， and the room was filled with a sound like rain drumming on a roof．
"It's Moon Rain!" she said． "It makes me feel like I'm home．" She smiled at Collin and turned the rain stick over again．

（1）What may be the best title of this passage？　 　
A． Bamboo Plants
B． Moon Rain
C． Homesick Again!
D． United Family
（2）What can we know from the passage？　 　
A． This passage is part of a science fiction written for scientific research．
B． The family moved to the new place in order to do some sightseeing．
C． Their new home was on a dry land on the earth far from their old one．
D． Carina didn't think her parents would plan anything special for her birthday．
（3）Which of the following can best describe Collin？　 　
A． Careful and brave．
B． Caring and creative．
C． Generous and intellectual．
D． Romantic and popular．
【分析】文章主要讲了Carina想家，Collin弄了一场月亮雨缓解她想家的情绪．
【解答】（1）B 主旨大意题．根据"It's Moon Rain!" she said． "It makes me feel like I'm home．" She smiled at Collin and turned the rain stick over again"是月雨!"她说．"这让我有家的感觉．"她对科林笑了笑，又把雨棍翻了一遍，结合文章内容，可知文章主要讲了Carina想家，Collin弄了一场月亮雨缓解她想家的情绪，B月亮雨，符合题意，故答案为：B．
（2）D 细节理解题．根据"my birthday is in two days， and I don't think Mom and Dad are planning anything special． They're too busy．再过两天就是我的生日了，我想爸爸妈妈并没有什么特别的计划．他们太忙了，可知卡琳娜认为她的父母不会为她的生日安排任何特别的事情，故答案为：D．
（3）B 细节归纳题．根据"A rain stick，" said Collin． "Whenever you turn it over， the pebbles fall around the nails and it sounds like rain，结合文章内容，可知Collin因为关心妹妹，为妹妹制作了一场月球雨，可见他很关心妹妹，而且很有创造力，故答案为：B．
【点评】阅读理解题通常从细节，文章主旨，推测词组大意几个方面考查学生对文章的理解，做题时注意找到文章出处，做到有理有据．
15．（8分）Looking at art should be like walking in the countryside．You may not know exactly where you are，what bird is making that strange sound， or what the hill ahead of you is called，but that's part of the fun of it．You don't need to know these things to feel the beauty of nature．
Of course， if you do know your birds， trees and local history， a walk can be more attractive． Yet such knowledge comes slowly． It is picked up through experience．A true knowledge of nature cannot just be given to you through an app on your phone．Imagine pointing your phone at the hill and getting plenty of information on screen． Would that enrich your dreamy walk or ruin（毁灭） it？
Braggarts enjoy an app that allows them to show off their knowledge， for example， about baroque（巴洛克风格的） paintings． In fact， apps in museums try to provide on﹣screen art history at once just to encourage people to read their phones instead of looking at paintings．
It is a mistaken idea that you need to be spoon﹣fed（灌输） amazing facts about a work of art in order to appreciate（欣赏） it． Our first experience of a work of art should be raw（自然状态的），unguided，and a bit puzzling， like following a path in the woods． Later， you might choose to do some personal research into the work． It can further increase your enjoyment and appreciation for it． Yet it is best done when you're away from the art itself， so that even when you return， the work still feels fresh．
Anyone who thinks knowing some dates and details makes you better understand a work of art is wrong． We all need to put aside our screens and our supposed knowledge when we look at art． Let the paintings flow in； let your intuitions（直觉） fly off． Art is a journey in the wilderness or it is nothing at all．

（1）What does the writer mainly want to say？　 　
A． Art is best with the help of apps．
B． Art is best when hidden in mystery．
C． Art is nothing compared with nature．
D． Art is nothing when details and facts are known．
（2）The underlined word "braggarts" refers to（指）　 　．
A． people who like showing off
B． people who like baroque paintings
C． those who are good at appreciating art
D． those who are good at painting with phones
（3）What's the main idea of Paragraph 4？　 　
A． How to appreciate a work of art．
B． How to personal research into a work of art．
C． How to keep your feelings about a work of art fresh．
D． How to be spoon﹣fed amazing facts about a work of art．
（4）what can we infer（推断） from the passage？　 　
A． Because of apps， art will be ruined in the future．
B． A good piece of art is usually made about nature．
C． Research work and intuitions can both help understand art．
D． Museums are not supposed to allow the use of mobile phones．
【分析】文章主要讲了如何去欣赏艺术．
【解答】（1）B 内容理解题．根据段落4 Our first experience of a work of art should be raw，unguided，and a bit puzzling， like following a path in the woods． Later， you might choose to do some personal research into the work．我们对一件艺术品的第一次体验应该是原始的、没有引导的、有点令人困惑的，就像在树林里走小路一样，结合文章内容，可知作者认为隐藏在神秘之中的艺术是最好的，故答案为：B．
（2）A 词语理解题．根据段落3 allows them to show off their knowledge可以让他们炫耀自己知识的应用，可知此处是讲爱吹牛的人喜欢一款可以让他们炫耀自己知识的应用，Braggarts指代爱炫耀的人，故答案为：A．
（3）A 段落理解题．根据段落4 It is a mistaken idea that you need to be spoon﹣fed amazing facts about a work of art in order to appreciate（欣赏） it． Our first experience of a work of art should be raw，unguided，and a bit puzzling如果你认为要想欣赏一件艺术品，就得让别人给你灌输有关它的惊人事实，这是一种错误的想法．我们对一件艺术品的第一次体验应该是原始的、没有引导的、有点令人困惑的，结合本段内容，可知第4段主要讲了如何去欣赏一件艺术品，故答案为：A．
（4）C 内容推断题．根据段落4 Later， you might choose to do some personal research into the work． It can further increase your enjoyment and appreciation for it，结合全文内容，可知研究工作和直觉都有助于理解艺术，故答案为：C．
【点评】阅读理解题通常从细节，文章主旨，推测词组大意几个方面考查学生对文章的理解，做题时注意找到文章出处，做到有理有据．
江苏省常州市2019年中考英语试卷
三、阅读理解（共4小题，满分26分）阅读下列短文， 从短文后各题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项．
12．（6分）The Dead Sea
At 430 meters below sea level， the Dead Sea is Earth's lowest point on land． It is popular for its wonderful buoyancy（浮力）． The high salt content﹣more than 34 percent ﹣ makes swimming more like floating．
Now the Dead Sea is actually dying． People are using water from the Jordan River， which takes water away from the Dead Sea． Since 1930， its surf area has reduced by almost 40 percent．
Venice， Italy
With waterways instead of streets． This "Floating City" has attracted visitors for centuries． But no visit to Venice is complete without a ride on one of its famous gondolas， human powered water taxis． Water creates Venice． But water will also kill the city．
Built on soft earth， Venice has slowly been sinking （下沉） for centuries． Now， with rising sea levels caused by human activities， it's sinking faster． According to US﹣based magazine Architectural Digest， the city may disappear in the next 100 years． Better book your gondola soon!
Great Barrier Reef， Australia
Covering more than 2，300 kilometers of Australia's northeast coast， Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest reef ecosystem， and an ideal place for scuba divers （水肺潜水者）．Thousands of colorful coral （珊瑚） and fish make homes in the blue sea water． It's like a big underwater party!
Sadly， the party might be over soon． The reef is dying． Human activities are changing the weather． Warming ocean， water kills the coral， and this causes problems up the food chain． The New York Times reported that large parts are already dead， and the reef system might be gone by 2030．

（1）What can be the best title of the passage？　 　
A． Disappearing Watery Wonders
B． Amazing Man﹣made Wonders on the Sea
C． Lost Watery Wonders on the Sea
D． Last Watery Wonders in the World
（2）Which of the following is the shared cause of the problems all the three places are facing？　 　
A． Water loss．
B． Sea pollution．
C． Warming seas．
D． Human activities．
（3）If Tom wants to visit all the following places before they are gone， and he can only afford one in the next 15 years， where must he go？　 　
A． The Dead Sea．
B． Venice．
C． Italy．
D． Great Barrier Reef．



13．（6分）There is good news for students of vocational （职业的） colleges in China： the government has announced plans to develop modern vocational education． Premier Li Keqiang said the government should speed up the development of modern vocational education to meet the need for skilled workers and technicians （技术人员） in the job market． High school graduates and workers with no special training are encouraged to study in higher vocational colleges． Li said that the number of the new students in higher vocational colleges in China should go up by 1 million this year． This is the first time the central government has a clear plan．
This comes after the news of the large shortfall （不足） in highly skilled technicians， although China has millions of technical workers． China is expected to face a shortfall of 3 million skilled workers who can operate the newest machines by 2020． The shortfall will grow to 4.5 million by 2025． Also， vocational education is unsatisfactory （不令人满意的）， although there are many vocational colleges in China． In some vocational colleges， the education methods and courses cannot meet the need of upgrading （升级）， manufacturing （制造业）． As can be seen from the job market， some companies still can't find highly skilled technicians even with high pay．
To deal with the problem． some vocational colleges have worked with companies to teach students． They have hired skilled technicians from companies as teachers． With the rising of the skilled workers' social position and pay， it is believed the vocational education system in China will start to play a bigger role in the development of China．

（1）What's the main purpose of the development of modern vocational education in China？　 　
A． To train more highly skilled technicians for the job markets
B． To help vocational college graduates get higher pay from their work．
C． To ask more people to live on themselves with technical skills．
D． To encourage more companies to upgrade manufacturing．
（2）What is one of the problems of Chinese vocational education according to the passage？　 　
A． Higher vocational college teachers are not well paid and valued．．
B． There are only a small number of higher vocational colleges in China．
C． The education methods and courses in vocational colleges are unsatisfactory．
D． Some of the vocational college teachers are skilled technicians from companies．
（3）The writer believes China's future vocational education is　 　．
A． hopeful
B． doubtful
C． unsatisfactory
D． worrying
14．（6分）Nowadays， it never seems we have enough time to realize all of the reading goals （目标） that we set for ourselves． Luckily， we have mobile apps such as Latte Read and Get Abstract to provide abstracts （梗概） of a text． Abstracts are useful tools， especially for students， but like having a friend describe the main content of a story to you， you cannot experience the joy and excitement of reading the original （原来的） text of yourself．
I recently finished reading a thick book of W． Somerset Maugham's collected short stories． It took me around ten years to get through． Thomas Mann's difficult The Magic Mountain took me about six months to read； Ayn Rand's Atlas Shrugged made me very bored most of the time． Reading a book， whether it is good or bad， is a formative （建设性的） experience． There are plenty of books which I probably shouldn't have taken the time to read． But the challenge of living for a time in the thoughts and experiences of a different history or character makes even the worst book a valuable effort．
Whenever I finish the last line of a book and slowly close it， I like to sit there and think over its lines with a mix of nostalgia （怀旧之情） and pride． I then take the book in hand and find a place for it on my bookshelf． When I step back and look at the books on my shelf， it is as if I am looking at the history of the different lives that I have lived．
Abstracts are useful as a tool to an end， but reading the actual （真正的） book is something much richer． Reading， like anything else in life， is much more about the journey than it ever was the destination （目的地）．

（1）What does the writer mainly want to say？　 　
A． Reading abstracts is a best short way to enjoy literature．
B． Reading abstracts cannot bring you the true feeling of actual reading．
C． Reading different kinds of books brings you many advantages．
D． The journey and the destination are equally important in our reading．
（2）What can we know about the writer from the second paragraph？　 　
A． He prefers thick and difficult books to short stories．
B． A good book is better worth reading than a bad one to him．
C． He achieves a lot from reading some challenging books．
D． He is lucky enough never to have read a regrettable book．
（3）In the third paragraph the writer　 　 his main point of view （主要观点）．
A． explains the meaning of
B． provides further support for
C． makes a conclusion of
D． offers an opposite example for
15．（8分）When Major， the most respected pig， saw all the animals were present， he cleared his throat and began：
"Now， comrades （同志们） ， I don't think I shall be with you for many months． Before I die， let me ask you a question． What is the nature of this life of ours？ Let us face it： our lives are miserable and short． We are born， we are given just so much food as will keep the breath in our bodies， and those of us who are able to do it are forced to work to the last
"Why then do we continue in this miserable？ Because nearly the whole of the produce of our hard work is stolen from beings． There， comrades， is the answer to all our problems． It is summed up in a single word﹣ Man． Man is the only real enemy we have． Remove （消灭） Man from the scene， and the basic cause of hunger and overwork is ended for ever． "
"And now， comrades， I will sing an old song that came into my dream last night to you． I am sure， it was a song sung by the animals of long ago and have been lost to memory for marry years． It is called Animals of England．"
His voice was hoarse （沙哑的）， but he sang well enough to throw the animals into the wildest excitement． Almost before Major had reached the end， they had begun singing it for themselves．
Unluckily， the singing woke Mr． Jones， the farm owner， who jumped out of bed， thinking that there was a fox in the yard． He took the gun which always stood in a comer of his bedroom， and let fly 6 shots （射击） into the darkness． The pellets （子弹） flew into the wall of the yard and the meeting broke up hurriedly． Everyone ran to his own sleeping place． The birds jumped onto their trees， the animals settled down in the straw， and the whole farm was asleep in a moment．

（1）Why did Major make the speech？　 　
A． To encourage the animals to fight against Man．
B． To teach the animals to sing an old song．
C． To say goodbye to the animals before death．
D． To complain about his personal miserable life．
（2）What does the underlined word " miserable" in the second paragraph most probably mean？　 　
A． common
B． boring
C． lonely
D． painful
（3）Which of the following is true according to the passage？　 　
A． The animals on the farm were brave．
B． Major's speech was nearly successful．
C． Major and Mr． Jones were friendly to each other．
D． Mr． Jones forced his animals to work from birth to death．
（4）Why did Mr． Jones fire his gun？　 　
A． To break up the animals' meeting． ′
B． To kill the fox he saw in the yard．
C． To make sure his gun was in good condition．
D． To protect the animals he raised on his farm．
三、阅读理解（共4小题，满分26分）阅读下列短文， 从短文后各题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项．
12．（6分）The Dead Sea
At 430 meters below sea level， the Dead Sea is Earth's lowest point on land． It is popular for its wonderful buoyancy（浮力）． The high salt content﹣more than 34 percent ﹣ makes swimming more like floating．
Now the Dead Sea is actually dying． People are using water from the Jordan River， which takes water away from the Dead Sea． Since 1930， its surf area has reduced by almost 40 percent．
Venice， Italy
With waterways instead of streets． This "Floating City" has attracted visitors for centuries． But no visit to Venice is complete without a ride on one of its famous gondolas， human powered water taxis． Water creates Venice． But water will also kill the city．
Built on soft earth， Venice has slowly been sinking （下沉） for centuries． Now， with rising sea levels caused by human activities， it's sinking faster． According to US﹣based magazine Architectural Digest， the city may disappear in the next 100 years． Better book your gondola soon!
Great Barrier Reef， Australia
Covering more than 2，300 kilometers of Australia's northeast coast， Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest reef ecosystem， and an ideal place for scuba divers （水肺潜水者）．Thousands of colorful coral （珊瑚） and fish make homes in the blue sea water． It's like a big underwater party!
Sadly， the party might be over soon． The reef is dying． Human activities are changing the weather． Warming ocean， water kills the coral， and this causes problems up the food chain． The New York Times reported that large parts are already dead， and the reef system might be gone by 2030．

（1）What can be the best title of the passage？　A　
A． Disappearing Watery Wonders
B． Amazing Man﹣made Wonders on the Sea
C． Lost Watery Wonders on the Sea
D． Last Watery Wonders in the World
（2）Which of the following is the shared cause of the problems all the three places are facing？　D　
A． Water loss．
B． Sea pollution．
C． Warming seas．
D． Human activities．
（3）If Tom wants to visit all the following places before they are gone， and he can only afford one in the next 15 years， where must he go？　D　
A． The Dead Sea．
B． Venice．
C． Italy．
D． Great Barrier Reef．



【分析】本文是一篇史地常识类阅读，主要介绍了死海，意大利威尼斯，澳大利亚大堡礁．
【解答】（1）A．主旨大意题，根据原文关于死海，Now the Dead Sea is actually dying；现在死海正在消亡，提到威尼斯 the city may disappear in the next 100 years这个城市可能在下个100年后会消失，提到澳大利亚大堡礁and the reef system might be gone by 2030 大堡礁系统可能会在2030年前消失．可知这些都是正在消失的水上的奇迹，是本文章的主旨．故选A．
（2）D 细节理解题，根据原文，提到死海，People are using water from the Jordan River， which takes water away from the Dead Sea．人们正在用约旦河的水，那里的水是从死海来的水． 提到威尼斯，With waterways instead of streets． This "Floating City" has attracted visitors for centuries．不是街道而是水路，这个"浮着的城市"已经吸引了游客好几个世纪了．提到澳大利亚大堡礁，Human activities are changing the weather． Warming ocean， water kills the coral， and this causes problems up the food chain，人类活动正在改变天气，温暖的海水杀死珊瑚，然后导致带来食物链的问题．故选D．
（3）D 细节理解题，根据原文，关于死海，Now the Dead Sea is actually dying；现在死海正在消亡，提到威尼斯 the city may disappear in the next 100 years这个城市可能在下个100年后会消失，提到澳大利亚大堡礁and the reef system might be gone by 2030 大堡礁系统可能会在2030年前消失．根据题目汤姆需要在他消失之前去，且他只能支付得起接下来15年的，所以选择澳大利亚大堡礁，它在2030年前消失，时间上与它也相吻合．故选D．
【点评】考查英语知识的综合运用，答题前一定要弄懂全文，然后再动手解答问题．答题过程中，注意联系前后文，结合短文内容，完成各小题的解答．
13．（6分）There is good news for students of vocational （职业的） colleges in China： the government has announced plans to develop modern vocational education． Premier Li Keqiang said the government should speed up the development of modern vocational education to meet the need for skilled workers and technicians （技术人员） in the job market． High school graduates and workers with no special training are encouraged to study in higher vocational colleges． Li said that the number of the new students in higher vocational colleges in China should go up by 1 million this year． This is the first time the central government has a clear plan．
This comes after the news of the large shortfall （不足） in highly skilled technicians， although China has millions of technical workers． China is expected to face a shortfall of 3 million skilled workers who can operate the newest machines by 2020． The shortfall will grow to 4.5 million by 2025． Also， vocational education is unsatisfactory （不令人满意的）， although there are many vocational colleges in China． In some vocational colleges， the education methods and courses cannot meet the need of upgrading （升级）， manufacturing （制造业）． As can be seen from the job market， some companies still can't find highly skilled technicians even with high pay．
To deal with the problem． some vocational colleges have worked with companies to teach students． They have hired skilled technicians from companies as teachers． With the rising of the skilled workers' social position and pay， it is believed the vocational education system in China will start to play a bigger role in the development of China．

（1）What's the main purpose of the development of modern vocational education in China？　A　
A． To train more highly skilled technicians for the job markets
B． To help vocational college graduates get higher pay from their work．
C． To ask more people to live on themselves with technical skills．
D． To encourage more companies to upgrade manufacturing．
（2）What is one of the problems of Chinese vocational education according to the passage？　C　
A． Higher vocational college teachers are not well paid and valued．．
B． There are only a small number of higher vocational colleges in China．
C． The education methods and courses in vocational colleges are unsatisfactory．
D． Some of the vocational college teachers are skilled technicians from companies．
（3）The writer believes China's future vocational education is　A　．
A． hopeful
B． doubtful
C． unsatisfactory
D． worrying
【分析】中国将大力发展职业教育来满足市场需求．尽管现在的职业教育现状并不令人满意，但职业教育在中国未来的发展中会起着巨大的作用．
【解答】1．A　细节理解题　　根据文章的句子Premier Li Keqiang said the government should speed up the development of modern vocational education to meet the need for skilled workers and technicians in the job market，"李克强总理说政府将加快现代职业教育的发展来满足劳动力市场对技术工人和技术人员的需求"，从句子结构和句意思分析可以看出，动词不定式短语to meet the need for skilled workers and technicians in the job market是这个句子的状语来表示目的，表示政府发展职业教育的目的．因此，此题应该选择A． 故答案为A．
2．C　细节理解题　　根据第二段的描述可以看出，中国职业技术教育的两个问题．一是the large shortfall in highly skilled technicians，缺乏高技术工人；另一个则是 vocational education is unsatisfactory ，职业教育不令人满意，也就是后面说的 In some vocational colleges， the education methods and courses cannot meet the need of upgrading ， manufacturing ，在某些职业学院，教学方法和课程不能满足升级和制造业的需求．因此，在四个选项当中，此题应该选择C．故答案为C．
3．A　细节理解题　　根据文章的最后一句话 it is believed the vocational education system in China will start to play a bigger role in the development of China，"人们相信中国的职业教育体系在中国的发展当中将会起着更大的作用"，可以看出作者对中国的职业教育充满了信心．故答案为A．
【点评】读懂原文，然后弄清题目要求，带着问题再重新阅读原文，有针对性地查找有用的信息，认真比较各个选项的差别，即可做出选择．
14．（6分）Nowadays， it never seems we have enough time to realize all of the reading goals （目标） that we set for ourselves． Luckily， we have mobile apps such as Latte Read and Get Abstract to provide abstracts （梗概） of a text． Abstracts are useful tools， especially for students， but like having a friend describe the main content of a story to you， you cannot experience the joy and excitement of reading the original （原来的） text of yourself．
I recently finished reading a thick book of W． Somerset Maugham's collected short stories． It took me around ten years to get through． Thomas Mann's difficult The Magic Mountain took me about six months to read； Ayn Rand's Atlas Shrugged made me very bored most of the time． Reading a book， whether it is good or bad， is a formative （建设性的） experience． There are plenty of books which I probably shouldn't have taken the time to read． But the challenge of living for a time in the thoughts and experiences of a different history or character makes even the worst book a valuable effort．
Whenever I finish the last line of a book and slowly close it， I like to sit there and think over its lines with a mix of nostalgia （怀旧之情） and pride． I then take the book in hand and find a place for it on my bookshelf． When I step back and look at the books on my shelf， it is as if I am looking at the history of the different lives that I have lived．
Abstracts are useful as a tool to an end， but reading the actual （真正的） book is something much richer． Reading， like anything else in life， is much more about the journey than it ever was the destination （目的地）．

（1）What does the writer mainly want to say？　D　
A． Reading abstracts is a best short way to enjoy literature．
B． Reading abstracts cannot bring you the true feeling of actual reading．
C． Reading different kinds of books brings you many advantages．
D． The journey and the destination are equally important in our reading．
（2）What can we know about the writer from the second paragraph？　C　
A． He prefers thick and difficult books to short stories．
B． A good book is better worth reading than a bad one to him．
C． He achieves a lot from reading some challenging books．
D． He is lucky enough never to have read a regrettable book．
（3）In the third paragraph the writer　B　 his main point of view （主要观点）．
A． explains the meaning of
B． provides further support for
C． makes a conclusion of
D． offers an opposite example for
【分析】文章主要讲了阅读的过程比结果更重要．
【解答】1．D．主旨大意题．根据 Reading， like anything else in life， is much more about the journey than it ever was the destination 阅读，就像生活中的其他任何东西一样，旅程比它曾经的目的地更重要． 可知主要讲了旅程和目的地在我们的阅读中同样重要．故答案是：D．
2．C．细节理解题．根据 But the challenge of living for a time in the thoughts and experiences of a different history or character makes even the worst book a valuable effort．但是，在不同历史或人物的思想和经历中生活一段时间的挑战，使得即使是最差的一本书也成为一项有价值的努力．可知他从阅读一些具有挑战性的书中获益匪浅． 故答案是：C．
3．B．细节理解题．根据When I step back and look at the books on my shelf， it is as if I am looking at the history of the different lives that I have lived．当我退后看书架上的书时，它是一个如果我在看我所经历的不同生活的历史．可知在第三段中，作者进一步支持了他的主要观点． 故答案是：B．
【点评】先浏览所给的问题以及选择项，然后带着问题在通读原文的基础上快速地找到答案，然后再回过头来检查一遍，确保万无一失．
15．（8分）When Major， the most respected pig， saw all the animals were present， he cleared his throat and began：
"Now， comrades （同志们） ， I don't think I shall be with you for many months． Before I die， let me ask you a question． What is the nature of this life of ours？ Let us face it： our lives are miserable and short． We are born， we are given just so much food as will keep the breath in our bodies， and those of us who are able to do it are forced to work to the last
"Why then do we continue in this miserable？ Because nearly the whole of the produce of our hard work is stolen from beings． There， comrades， is the answer to all our problems． It is summed up in a single word﹣ Man． Man is the only real enemy we have． Remove （消灭） Man from the scene， and the basic cause of hunger and overwork is ended for ever． "
"And now， comrades， I will sing an old song that came into my dream last night to you． I am sure， it was a song sung by the animals of long ago and have been lost to memory for marry years． It is called Animals of England．"
His voice was hoarse （沙哑的）， but he sang well enough to throw the animals into the wildest excitement． Almost before Major had reached the end， they had begun singing it for themselves．
Unluckily， the singing woke Mr． Jones， the farm owner， who jumped out of bed， thinking that there was a fox in the yard． He took the gun which always stood in a comer of his bedroom， and let fly 6 shots （射击） into the darkness． The pellets （子弹） flew into the wall of the yard and the meeting broke up hurriedly． Everyone ran to his own sleeping place． The birds jumped onto their trees， the animals settled down in the straw， and the whole farm was asleep in a moment．

（1）Why did Major make the speech？　A　
A． To encourage the animals to fight against Man．
B． To teach the animals to sing an old song．
C． To say goodbye to the animals before death．
D． To complain about his personal miserable life．
（2）What does the underlined word " miserable" in the second paragraph most probably mean？　D　
A． common
B． boring
C． lonely
D． painful
（3）Which of the following is true according to the passage？　B　
A． The animals on the farm were brave．
B． Major's speech was nearly successful．
C． Major and Mr． Jones were friendly to each other．
D． Mr． Jones forced his animals to work from birth to death．
（4）Why did Mr． Jones fire his gun？　D　
A． To break up the animals' meeting． ′
B． To kill the fox he saw in the yard．
C． To make sure his gun was in good condition．
D． To protect the animals he raised on his farm．
【分析】文章讲了动物演讲，号召动物们与人类为敌，作斗争，演讲马上成功时候，歌声吵醒了主人．枪声是的动物们恢复安静．
【解答】1．A．细节理解题．根据 Man is the only real enemy we have． Remove （消灭） Man from the scene， and the basic cause of hunger and overwork is ended for ever． "人是我们唯一真正的敌人．把人从年代除掉．"而且饥饿和过度工作的基本原因永远都结束了．"可知鼓励动物与人类作斗争 故答案是A．
2．D．词义理解题．根据后面We are born， we are given just so much food as will keep the breath in our bodies， and those of us who are able to do it are forced to work to the last我们出生了，我们得到的食物太多了，以致于我们的身体无法呼吸，而那些能够做到这一点的人则被迫工作到最后．可猜测出词义是痛苦的． 故答案是D．
3．B．细节理解题．根据 Almost before Major had reached the end， they had begun singing it for themselves几乎在少校快要结束之前，他们就开始自己唱了．可知几乎要成功了． 故答案是B．
4．D．细节理解题．根据 Unluckily， the singing woke Mr． Jones， the farm owner， who jumped out of bed， thinking that there was a fox in the yard． He took the gun which always stood in a comer of his bedroom， and let fly 6 shots （射击） into the darkness．不幸的是，歌声吵醒了农场主琼斯先生，他从床上跳了起来，以为院子里有只狐狸．他拿起放在卧室角落里的枪，朝黑暗中开了6枪．可只是为了保护饲养的动物．故答案是D．
【点评】先浏览所给的问题以及选择项，然后带着问题在通读原文的基础上快速地找到答案，然后再回过头来检查一遍，确保万无一失．
江苏省常州市2018年中考英语试卷
三、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题6分，满分26分）阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项．
12．Summer is finally here for most of us． Sadly， summer is not so pleasant to people in a bit less lucky places， where air conditioning（空调） is not easy to get for most of them．
But as a saying goes， where there is a will， there is a way， especially for those who like doing it
yourself（DIY）． A young man from Bangladesh（孟加拉国） designed an air conditioning system called the Eco Cooler， one that does not require power， and is made of the world's most common waste-plastic bottles．
The Eco Cooler is super simple to build-no special engineering skills are required． First， to fix it，
a window should be taken away and replaced（替代） by it． Second， a board should be cut into the size of a window． Some bottle-neck sized holes should then be cut onto the board． Then， the funnel-shaped（漏斗状） bottlenecks， cut from the plastic bottles， should be put into the holes．The next step is to fix the design onto the window frame（框） with the wider side facing outwards． And this is it．
The Eco Cooler then works by catching the winds and sending them inside the building． It can reduce the temperature of a room by as much as 5°C-a big difference when looking at comfortable 25°C compared to uncomfortable 30°C．
The idea of the inventor， Ashis Paul， was to show his great product to as many People as possible． For this purpose， he received help from some groups of volunteers． Together， they offered to help local people build and fix the units，as well as teach them how to make them themselves．
Yes， the Eco Cooler is not a super high-tech air conditioning system， but it is one that can make a
big difference．
（ ）When building the Eco Cooler， we should pay special attention to ．
A． the shape of the window
B． the direction of bottlenecks
C． the temperature of the outside
D． the weight of the board
（ ）What can we learn from the passage？
A． Ashis Paul is a clever inventor and a successful businessman．
B． An Eco Cooler can fix the room temperature to comfortable 25°C．
C． The new invention of Eco Cooler is friendly to the environment．
D． Local people will replace their air conditioner with an Eco Cooler．
（ ）What's the best title of this passage？
A． DIY air conditioning made from plastic bottles
B． Eco Cooler--a super high-tech air conditioner
C． Why do we need an Eco Cooler in summer？
D． A strong-willed inventor and his DIY dream
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道类阅读，主要介绍一个来自孟加拉的年轻人设计了一个叫做"生态冷却器"的空调系统，它不需要电源，是世界上最常见的废塑料瓶制造的．它可以将房间的温度降低5°C，希望能够向更多的人展示他的伟大产品．
【解答】1．B．细节理解题．根据倒数第四段Then， the funnel-shaped（漏斗状） bottlenecks， cut from the plastic bottles， should be put into the holes．The next step is to fix the design onto the window frame  with the wider side facing outwards然后，从塑料瓶上切下漏斗形的瓶颈，应该放入孔中．下一步是把设计固定在窗框上，宽面朝外．可知，安装生态冷却器时，我们应该注意瓶颈的方向．选B．
2．C．推理判断题．根据第二段A young man from Bangladesh（孟加拉国） designed an air conditioning system called the Eco Cooler， one that does not require power， and is made of the world's most common waste-plastic bottles一位来自孟加拉的年轻人设计的空调系统称为生态冷却器，一个不需要电源，是由世界上最常见的废塑料瓶制成的．可知，生态冷却器的新发明对环境有帮助．选C．
3．D．标题猜测题．根据第二段But as a saying goes， where there is a will， there is a way， especially for those who like doing it yourself（DIY）． A young man from Bangladesh（孟加拉国） designed an air conditioning system called the Eco Cooler， one that does not require power， and is made of the world's most common waste-plastic bottles．但有句话说，有志者事竟成，尤其是那些喜欢自己动手的人（DIY）．一位来自孟加拉的年轻人设计了一种称为"生态冷却器"的空调系统，它不需要电力，是世界上最常见的废塑料瓶制成的．倒数第二段The idea of the inventor， Ashis Paul， was to show his great product to as many People as possible． For this purpose， he received help from some groups of volunteers． Together， they offered to help local people build and fix the units，as well as teach them how to make them themselves发明家Ashis Paul的想法是向尽可能多的人展示他的伟大产品．为此，他得到了一些志愿者的帮助．他们一起帮助当地人建造和固定这些装置，并教他们如何自己制造它们．可知，标题可以是"一个意志坚定的发明家和他的DIY梦"．选D．
【点评】阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解．根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题．
13．How to investigate
①Planning
•Decide on a scientific problem to investigate
For example， a student named Mary has decided to research into how quickly sugar dissolves（溶解） in water．
•Write down your hypothesis
You may already have an idea of what you expect to happen in your investigation． This idea is called your hypothesis． It may not be right! It is just an idea， though it may be based on work in science which you have done before． The aim of your investigation is to test your idea．
•Decide what variables（变量） you are dealing with
Things like temperature， size， weight， and colour are called variables． Variables are things you can
measure（测量）．
In your investigation， you have to decide what the variables are， which ones you will keep fixed， and which you will change．
You need to change just one variable at a time． If lots of variables change at once． it won't be a good test．
•Decide what equipment you need， and in what order you will do things
•Prepare tables for your results
②Getting your evidence（数据）
•Make your measurements， and record your results
③Reaching conclusions
•Look for patterns in your results
•Present your conclusions
What links（关联） did you find between any of the variables？ How would you explain these links？
④Checking your findings
•Compare your conclusions and hypothesis
Do your results support your idea？
（ ）What does the underlined word "hypothesis" most probably mean？
A． reason
B． result
C． method
D． guess
（ ）In Mary's investigation， which of the following about the variables is true？
A． She can only change one variable at a time．
B． Some of the variables can't be measured．
C． Her weight and age can be the variables．
D． The temperature of water cannot be a variable．
（ ）What is the passage mainly about？
A． How to do a scientific research．
B． How to explain a scientific finding．
C． How to deal with a chemistry problem．
D． How to understand some chemistry knowledge．
【分析】这是一篇文化知识类阅读，主要介绍如何做调查研究．作者列举了4个步骤．包括：规划、得到数据、得出结论和检查你的发现．
【解答】1．D．词意猜测题． This idea is called your hypothesis这个想法叫做你的___．根据下一句It may not be right! It is just an idea它可能不对！它只是一个想法．可知，应该是"假设"．选D．
2．A．推理判断题．根据第①点里倒数第三行You need to change just one variable at a time你需要一次只改变一个变量．可知，A选项"她每次只能改变一个变量"正确．选A．
3．A．主旨大意题．根据标题How to investigate如何调查研究．可知，短文主要介绍如何进行科学调查．选A．
【点评】先浏览所给的问题以及选择项，然后带着问题在通读原文的基础上快速地找到答案，然后再回过头来检查一遍，确保万无一失．
14．We wake up very early to go to school， maybe even earlier to meet with a teacher， complete our extracurricular（课程以外的） activities， come home to have a quick dinner， talk for eight minutes with our parents and do homework until we fall asleep． But then we remember． We have to look at the American College Test（ACT） exercises one more time． Half asleep， we run downstairs to get the ACT book， and start studying． After this we finally get to turn off the lights and drift away to sleep． And then six hours later， we do it all over again．
In my health class， my teacher told us that teenagers need at least eight to nine hours of sleep each night． The sad truth is， with so much to do every day， high school students cannot keep to this sleep schedule（安排）．
Let me ask you all a question： Doesn't it seem more humane（人道的） to give a teenager perhaps two hours of homework each night？ This would allow us to have the eight to nine hours of much needed sleep． Or does it seem better to pile students with five hours of work a night？ It leaves us very little time to relax， therefore reducing the time that we can sleep．
In my opinion． the present structure（结构） of the junior year of high school doesn't work well． Junior year of high school is a time for growth． By this time many students have the ability to think creatively， and solve challenging problems． Homework is important for a student's growth． But do we really need to spend countless hours a night doing it？ Too much homework can only lead to too little sleep and too low an ability． I do think it is time to change the structure， so that we sleep at home， and learn at school．
（ ）In the first paragraph the writer gives ．
A． a picture of the present daily life of high school students
B． an example of an ideal daily life of high school students
C． a reason for high school students to live a busy daily school life
D． a suggestion of what high school students should do to pass ACT
（ ）From the last paragraph we know that the writer thinks ．
A． Junior year of high school is the most important growth period
B． challenging problems are needed for a teenager's growth
C． the ability to think has nothing to do with homework
D． the present structure leads to students often sleeping in class
（ ）Why does the writer write this article？
A． To prove the role of enough sleep in teenagers' growth．
B． To complain about the problems in the system of the ACT．
C． To ask for a change for less homework and more sleep．
D． To discuss the relationship between sleep and homework．
【分析】这是一篇教育文化类阅读，主要介绍学生每天应该有八到九个小时的睡眠时间，但是高中生每天的时间被安排得很紧凑，这让他们的睡眠时间减少了2小时左右，作者认为太多的作业只能导致太少的睡眠和太低的能力．应该做出一些改变了．
【解答】1．A．细节理解题，结合We wake up very early to go to school， maybe even earlier to meet with a teacher， complete our extracurricular（课程以外的） activities， come home to have a quick dinner， talk for eight minutes with our parents and do homework until we fall asleep． But then we remember． We have to look at the American College Test（ACT） exercises one more time． Half asleep， we run downstairs to get the ACT book， and start studying． After this we finally get to turn off the lights and drift away to sleep． And then six hours later， we do it all over again．我们很早就起床去上学，也许更早去见老师，完成课外活动，回家吃顿快餐，和父母交谈八分钟，做家庭作业直到我们睡觉．但后来我们想起．我们必须再看一遍美国大学的考试练习．我们半睡半醒，跑下楼去拿书，然后开始学习．之后我们终于把灯关了，然后就睡着了．六个小时后，我们又重新开始了．这是在描述现在的高中生的一天．故选A．
2．D．细节理解题．结合 I do think it is time to change the structure， so that we sleep at home， and learn at school．我确实认为是时候改变结构了，这样我们就可以在家睡觉，在学校学习了．也就是现在的结构状况导致学生缺觉，在学校犯困，故选D．
3．C．推理判断题．结合 I do think it is time to change the structure， so that we sleep at home， and learn at school我确实认为是时候改变结构了，这样我们就可以在家睡觉，在学校学习了．本文作者是希望能改变现在的状况，多睡眠少作业．故选C．
【点评】本题首先要通读全文，了解大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意和词的搭配，并注意上下连贯，合乎逻辑，最后通读全文，细心检查．
15．After a while attention to Tom ended， and the usual school murmur（嗡嗡读书声）rose upon the boring air once more． Now the boy began to steal secret glances（偷看） at the girl． She noticed it， made a face at him and gave him the back of her head for the space of a minute． When she slowly faced around again， an apple lay before her． She pushed it away． Tom gently put it back． She pushed it away again， but with less animosity（敌意）． Tom patiently returned it to its place． Then she let it remain． Tom wrote on his paper， "Please take it-I got more．" The girl glanced at the words， but made no sign．
Now the boy began to draw something on the paper， hiding his work with his left hand． For a time the girl refused to notice； but her human curiosity（好奇心） soon began to show itself by hardly noticeable（明显的） signs． The boy worked on， seemingly not aware． The girl made some non-committal（含糊的） efforts to see， but the boy did not display that he was aware of it． At last she couldn't bear it and whispered：
"Let me see it．"
Tom partly uncovered the picture of a house with some smoke rising from the chimney（烟囱）． Then the girl's interest began to fasten itself upon the work and she forgot everything else． When it was finished， she gazed a moment， then whispered：
"It's nice-draw a man．"
The artist created a man in the front yard； she was satisfied， and whispered：
"It's a beautiful man--now draw me in it．"
Tom drew an hour-glass（沙漏） as the body， a full moon as her head and some arms added to it． The girl said：
"It's ever so nice-I wish I could draw． No one has ever taught me that．"
"It's easy，" whispered Tom， "I'll learn you．"
"Oh， will you？ When？"
"At noon． Do you go home to dinner？"
"I'll stay if you will．"
"Good-that's a deal． What's your name？"
（ ）What probably happened in the classroom before this passage？
A． The girl introduced herself to the boy．
B． Something noticeable happened to the boy．
C． They had a lesson on how to draw．
D． The boy drew an apple for the girl．
（ ）What most probably happened to the apple finally？
A． Eaten by the boy because the girl didn't accept it．
B． Eaten by the boy because it was the last one he had got．
C． Eaten by the girl because they finally became friends．
D． Eaten by the girl because the boy was drawing all the time．
（ ）What can we learn from the 2nd paragraph？
A． The boy didn't want the girl to show interest in his drawing．
B． The girl didn't want to show interest in the boy's drawing noticeably．
C． The boy didn't notice the girl trying several times to see his drawing．
D． The girl didn't want the boy to do the drawing in class any more．
（ ）What in this passage made Tom succeed in making friends with the girl？
A． Using her curiosity．
B． Showing off his drawing ability．
C． Teaching her how to draw．
D． Inviting her to dinner．
【分析】这是一篇人物故事类阅读，主要介绍调皮的小男孩Tom经过不断努力成功地和同桌的女孩成为朋友的故事．
【解答】1．B．推理判断题．根据第一段After a while attention to Tom ended过来一会儿，人们对于汤姆的关注结束了．可知，在此之前，一定有什么引人关注的事情发生在汤姆身上．选B．
2．C．推理判断题．根据第二段but her human curiosity（好奇心） soon began to show但是她的人类好奇心很快就开始显现了．倒数第六、五、四行No one has ever taught me that．"   "It's easy，" whispered Tom， "I'll learn you．"   "Oh， will you？ When？""从来没有人教过我．""这很容易，"汤姆低声说，"我来教你．""哦，你会吗？什么时候？"．可知，经过汤姆的努力，他和女孩终于成为了朋友，因此后来，苹果应该是被女孩吃了．选C．
3．B．段意猜测题．根据第二段 but her human curiosity（好奇心） soon began to show itself by hardly noticeable（明显的） signs．她的人类好奇心很快就开始显现出来，但是几乎没有明显的迹象．可知，女孩不想对男孩画的画感兴趣．选B．
4．A．细节理解题．根据第二段but her human curiosity（好奇心） soon began to show itself by hardly noticeable（明显的） signs她的人类好奇心很快就开始显现出来，但是几乎没有明显的迹象．及倒数第六行It's ever so nice-I wish I could draw． No one has ever taught me that真是太好了，我希望我能画画．没人教过我．可知，汤姆成功地和那个女孩交上了朋友是利用她的好奇心．选A．
【点评】阅读题型，段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解．看不懂的词跳过，根据上下文猜意思，掌握一些常识．根据问题，找到关键语句，还要运用合理的推理．选择正确答案．