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安徽省芜湖市2020-2021学年高一下学期期中联考+英语+答案解析（无听力）
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这是一份安徽省芜湖市2020-2021学年高一下学期期中联考+英语+答案解析（无听力），共24页。
芜湖市2020～2021学年度第二学期期中普通高中联考试卷
高一英语
第一部分 阅读技能(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Love to write? Want to see your work published and win some cash along the way? Then read on. The national Spark a Story writing contest is calling in all young storytellers!
Who can participate?
The contest is open to students in grades 9, 10, 11 or 12, or those who are being home-schooled in the United States.
Deadline and requirements
You’re able to send your short story up to October 7th. It will be judged on creativity, originality and overall quality of writing. Your story must be original works and should be no longer than 5000 words. There is no minimum length requirements.
How can I send my short story?
There are three easy ways to send your short story:
*Online at http: // learn.hmhco.com/hmhsparkamind
*Send your short story as a PDF or Microsoft word document to Sparkahmhco.com
*Send your short story via US Mail to: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
222 Berkeley Street Boston, MA 02116
What will I win?
The best stories will be published next year. Winners will receive a free copy of the book and cash price of $100.
1. Which of the following children can take part in the contest?
A. Maria, grade 7, from New York.
B. Justin, grade 9, from London.
C. Catherine, grade 11, from Washington.
D. C.D. Bastian, home-schooled from Paris.
2. Your story will NOT be acceptable if it is ________.
A. longer than 5,000 words.
B. shorter than 5,000 words.
C. an original work.
D. sent before October 7th.
3. Which of the following ways is NOT a correct way to send your story?
A. Sending it online.
B. Sending it by email.
C. Sending it by US Mail.
D. Sending it by fax.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
分析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了一个面向学生的小说竞赛项目的具体细节。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The contest is open to students in grades 9, 10, 11 or 12, or those who are being home-schooled in the United States.”（该竞赛面向9年级、10年级、11年级或12年级的学生，以及那些在美国在家接受教育的学生。）可知，针对9，10，11，12年纪或者在家接受家庭教育的美国学生，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Your story must be original works and should be no longer than 5000 words. ”（你的故事必须是原创作品，长度不超过5000字。）可知，文章不得超过5000字，故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“There are three easy ways to send your short story:*Online at http: // learn.hmhco.com/hmhsparkamind*Send your short story as a PDF or Microsoft word document to Sparkahmhco.com*Send your short story via US Mail to: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company”可知，有三种投稿方式，分别是：在线； email；US Mail。只有fax没有提到，故选D。
【点睛】
B
My First Marathon（马拉松）
A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not athletic＂.
The idea that I was ＂not athletic＂ stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.zxxk
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂.
4. A month before the marathon, the author ____________.
A. was well trained B. felt scared
C. made up his mind to run D. lost hope
5. Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year?
A. To acknowledge the support of his teacher.
B. To amuse the readers with a funny story.
C. To show he was not talented in sports.
D. To share a precious memory.
6. How was the author’s first marathon?
A. He made it. B. He quit halfway.
C. He got the first prize. D. He walked to the end.
7. What does the story mainly tell us?
A. A man owes his success to his family support.
B. A winner is one with a great effort of will.
C. Failure is the mother of success.
D. One is never too old to learn.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了自己第一次跑马拉松，凭借自己的意志力成功跑完全程的励志故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Yet, I was determined to go ahead.可知，马拉松赛前一个月尽管作者脚踝受伤使得训练时间缩短，但作者仍下定决心参赛。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not athletic＂可知，作者提到7年级的事情是为了证明自己真的没有运动天赋。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第10段I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.可知，作者坚持到了最后，而且得到了一块奖牌，虽然不是第一名，由此可见他成功地跑完了马拉松。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在讲述自己跑马拉松的经历，再根据最后一段Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂.可知，作者成功跑完马拉松源于自己的意志。故选B。
点睛：文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语意理解型。（4）是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。
此题中的前三题为细节理解题。细节理解题首先要根据题干准确定位信息句，其次要对信息句进行准确的理解和判断，如第一题为转述型，I was determined to go ahead即made up his mind to run。第二题为语义理解题。根据文章第二段的信息In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well.可知，作者没有运动天赋。而第三题则为转述型，根据信息句I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.可知，作者跑完了马拉松，正好与made it 意义相同。
C
A flock of wild mandarin ducks(鸳鸯) are the biggest draw in the West Lake scenic area in Hangzhou, capital of East China's Zhejiang province, with tourists flocking from around the country to see them. However, some of the tourists have been feeding the ducks, even pulling them by the neck to force-feed them. On Monday, a video claiming that some of the ducks had died from over-feeding went viral on social networking sites.
Although there are prominent signboards warning people against feeding them, tourists just cannot hold back. Some even believe the ducks are underfed and they are doing them a favor, little realizing that their action can be detrimental to the birds' health.
Human food does not always go down well with ducks, particularly potato chips, as the oily snack can damage the health of mandarin ducks. However, tourists can frequently be seen feeding the ducks food that the birds cannot digest. Besides, feeding the ducks could stop them from competing in the wild to find their food. If they become dependent on food provided by humans, they will lose their survival skills. Also, by giving food to them, the tourists are polluting the environment. Especially, food thrown into the water could harm the ecosystem there.
However, the tourists know little about the harm they cause to the environment and there is a need to create awareness about it. Meanwhile, the number of mandarin ducks at West Lake has dropped from 336 last year to 260 this year. Maybe the declining numbers will wake the tourists up to this reality.
8. What is the main reason for the ducks' death in the West Lake according to the passage?
A. The ducks are fed with oily snacks. B. The tourists fail to see the warning signs.
C. The tourists feed the ducks too much food. D. The tourists kill the ducks by pulling their necks.
9. What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. harmful. B. sensitive. C. vital. D. beneficial.
10. What is the main idea of paragraph 3?
A. Human food is not suitable for ducks to digest.
B. Food thrown into the water does harm to the ecosystem.
C. Tourists' feeding ducks may have a bad effect on ducks and the environment.
D. Ducks may lose their survival skills if receiving food from people all the time.
11. What can we infer from the last paragraph about mandarin ducks in the West Lake?
A. More mandarin ducks are seen in the West Lake this year than before.
B. People have already known the damage they did to the mandarin ducks.
C. More mandarin ducks are likely to be introduced to the West Lake in the future.
D. It's high time that people should be aware of the harm to ducks caused by overfeeding.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲了导致杭州西湖鸳鸯死亡的原因，呼吁人们意识到他们对鸳鸯过度喂养造成的伤害及对环境的影响。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, some of the tourists have been feeding the ducks, even pulling them by the neck to force-feed them. On Monday, a video claiming that some of the ducks had died from over-feeding went viral on social networking sites.(然而，一些游客一直在喂鸳鸯，甚至拉着鸳鸯的脖子强行喂它们。周一，一段声称部分鸳鸯因过量喂食而死亡的视频在社交网站上疯传)”可知，西湖鸳鸯死亡的主要原因是游客们喂鸳鸯太多的食物。故选C。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Some even believe the ducks are underfed and they are doing them a favor, little realizing that their action can be”（有些人甚至认为鸳鸯吃不饱，他们是在帮鸳鸯的忙，几乎没有意识到它们的行为对鸳鸯的健康有害。）以及后文“to the birds' health.”可知，故画线词意思是“有害的”。A. harmful.有害的；B. sensitive.敏感的；C. vital.重要的；D. beneficial.有益的。故选A。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Human food does not always go down well with ducks, particularly potato chips, as the oily snack can damage the health of mandarin ducks. However, tourists can frequently be seen feeding the ducks food that the birds cannot digest. Besides, feeding the ducks could stop them from competing in the wild to find their food. If they become dependent on food provided by humans, they will lose their survival skills. Also, by giving food to them, the tourists are polluting the environment. Especially, food thrown into the water could harm the ecosystem there.(鸳鸯并不总是能吃人类的食物，尤其是薯片，因为这种油腻的零食会损害鸳鸯的健康。然而，经常可以看到游客喂鸳鸯吃鸳鸯消化不了的食物。此外，喂鸳鸯会让它们无法在野外竞争寻找食物。如果它们变得依赖于人类提供的食物，它们就会失去生存技能。此外，通过给他们食物，游客正在污染环境。特别是，扔进水中的食物可能会损害那里的生态系统)”可知，第三段的主要思想是游客喂养鸳鸯可能会对鸳鸯和环境造成不良影响。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, the tourists know little about the harm they cause to the environment and there is a need to create awareness about it. Meanwhile, the number of mandarin ducks at West Lake has dropped from 336 last year to 260 this year. Maybe the declining numbers will wake the tourists up to this reality.(然而，游客们对他们对环境造成的伤害知之甚少，因此有必要让人们意识到这一点。与此同时，西湖的鸳鸯数量从去年的336只下降到今年的260只。也许鸳鸯数量的下降会让他们意识到这一现实)”可推知，是时候人们应该意识到过度喂养对鸳鸯的危害了。故选D。
D
Today we know Antarctica as an extreme environment containing ice and snow. But new research provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past.
The researchers collected a piece of Earth sediment (沉淀物) from under the seafloor off the coast of Antarctica. In the sediment they discovered forest material that was estimated to be about 90 million years old. This would have been in the Cretaceous Period, when dinosaurs were the main land animals. The sediment was removed by scientists on the research icebreaker RV Polarstern in the Amundsen Sea near Pine Island Glacier.
Johann Klages is a geologist with the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research in Germany. He was the lead writer of a study on the findings, published in the journal Nature. He said the sediment was collected from a depth of about 30 meters below the ocean floor. Klages said an examination showed that the material didn’t form in the ocean.
The researchers estimate that the area—about 900 kilometers from the South Pole—had average yearly temperatures of about 12 to 13 degrees Celsius. During the warmest summer months, average temperatures likely reached between 20 and 25 degrees Celsius. The soil included fine dirt particles (颗粒) and hard clay, as well as substances linked to at least 65 different kinds of plants, the study found. Klages added that the plants included trees, ferns and flowering plants. While no animal remains were found, Klages said there were likely dinosaurs, flying reptiles (爬行动物) and many insects in the environment.
The research represents new evidence of the major climate changes Earth has experienced in the past—and is currently undergoing today. The soil in the sediment dates back to the planet’s warmest period of the past 140 million years, with sea level about 170 meters higher than today. The researchers said that the rainforest environment in Antarctica was especially surprising because each year, the area experiences a four-month polar night when there is no sunlight to fuel plant life. Klages said no ice sheets were present during the time, but seasonal snowfall was likely.
12. How did the researchers come to their findings?
A. By collecting data on climate.
B. By researching special plants.
C. By exploring ice in Antarctica.
D. By analyzing the Earth sediment.
13. What did the researchers say about the sediment?
A. Its material developed in the ocean.
B. Its material formed on the land.
C. It dates back to cold times in Antarctica
D. It contained different animal remains
14. What does the author indicate in the last paragraph?
A. There were ice sheets 140 million years ago.
B. Seasonal snowfall made the forest disappear.
C. Antarctica’s natural environment has changed greatly.
D Polar nights in Antarctica are getting shorter than before.
15. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Antarctica is getting warmer like before.
B. Various wildlife once existed in Antarctica.
C. Antarctica had a different history of climate.
D. Researchers study the secrets of Antarctica.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了南极洲现在是一个有冰雪的极端环境，但新的研究表明该地区过去有雨林，这说明南极洲曾经的气候和现在的气候有很大的区别。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“But new research provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past.”可知，但新的研究提供了这个地区曾经有雨林的证据。根据第二段的“The researchers collected a piece of Earth sediment from under the seafloor off the coast of Antarctica. In the sediment, they discovered forest material that was estimated to be about 90 million years old.”可知，研究人员从南极洲海岸海底下收集了一块土壤沉积物。在沉积物中，他们发现了估计有9000万年历史的森林物质。由此可知，研究人员通过研究地球的土壤沉积物得到了新发现：南极洲过去有雨林。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Klages said an examination showed that the material didn’t form in the ocean.”可知，Klages说一项检查显示，这些物质不是在海洋中形成的。根据第四段的“The soil included fine dirt particles and hard clay, as well as substances linked to at least 65 different kinds of plants, the study found. Klages added that the plants included trees, ferns and flowering plants.”可知，研究发现，这些土壤包括细土颗粒和硬粘土，以及与至少65种不同植物有关的物质。Klages补充说，这些植物包括树木、蕨类植物和开花植物。这些植物在陆地上是常见的。由此可知，这些土壤沉积物是在陆地上形成的。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The soil in the sediment dates back to the planet’s warmest period of the past 140 million years, with sea level about 170 meters higher than today.”可知，沉积物中的土壤可以追溯到地球过去1.4亿年中最温暖的时期，那时海平面比今天高出约170米。由此可知，南极洲的自然环境发生了很大变化。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段的“Today we know Antarctica as an extreme environment containing ice and snow. But new research provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past.”可知，今天我们知道南极洲是一个有冰雪的极端环境。但新的研究提供了证据，证明该地区过去有雨林。再由最后一段的“The research represents new evidence of the major climate changes Earth has experienced in the past — and is currently undergoing today.”可知，这项研究代表了地球过去和现在经历的重大气候变化的新证据，并且变化仍在进行中。由此可知，本文主要讲述南极洲曾经的气候和现在的气候有很大的区别。故选C。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Earthquakes strike without warning and are among the most destructive natural disasters. Keeping calm and proper reaction can sometimes save your life. To ride out an earthquake, remember the phrase “drop, cover, and hold on.” ___16___
1. Move away from buildings, street lights, power lines, and bridges.
___17___ As soon as the ground begins shaking, try to get as far away as possible from any nearby structures. Do not seek shelter under a bridge or overpass.
2. Crouch down low in a wide open area until the shaking stops.
Once you've made your way away from nearby structures, get on your hands and knees and cover your head. See if there are any objects nearby to use as a shield (遮蔽物）, such as a trash can lid. ___18___
3. ___19___
As you go out after the earthquake, be careful of broken glass, rubble, downed power lines, fallen trees, and any other potential danger. Check yourself and anyone nearby for injuries. If necessary,perform first aid and call emergency services.
4. Get to higher ground if you're on the shore or near a dam.
Earth quakes can cause tsunamis, so put distance between yourself and the coast. If a shaking lasts more than 20 seconds, ___20___ Get to ground that's at least 100 ft (30 m)above sea level or 2 miles (3.2 km)from the shore.
A. Drop to your hands and knees under a table or desk.
B. Watch out for danger as you observe your surroundings.
C. If possible, grab a pillow, sofa cushion, or another object to cover your face and head.
D. Here are four tips helping you survive an earthquake if you are outdoors.
E. Don't wait for an alarm or warning to escape.
F. The most dangerous locations during an earthquake are areas immediately around buildings.
G. If none are available, cover your head and neck with your hands and arms.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. G 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种在户外时，遇到地震了的逃生方式。
【16题详解】
前文提到“为了安然渡过地震，记住这句话：蹲下，找遮蔽物，坚持住。”承接前文，D选项“如果你在户外，这里有四个帮助你度过地震的小贴士”切题。且与下文给的四个建议呼应，故选D。
【17题详解】
前文提到“远离建筑物、路灯、电线和桥梁。”承接前文，F选项“地震中最危险的位置是建筑物附近的区域”切题。故选F。
【18题详解】
前文提到“看看附近有没有什么东西可以作为盾牌，比如垃圾桶盖。”承接前文，G选项“如果没有，用你的手和胳膊盖住你的头和脖子。”切题。故选G。
【19题详解】
下文提到“地震后外出时，小心碎玻璃、碎石、倒下的电线、倒下的树和其他潜在的危险。”承接下文，B选项“当你观察周围环境时，要小心危险。”切题。故选B。
【20题详解】
前文提到“如果摇晃持续超过20秒，”承接前文，E选项“不要等待警报或警告。”切题。且呼应下文“到达海拔至少100英尺(30米)或2英里(32公里)的地面。”故选E。
第二部分英语知识运用(共三节,满分35分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21-40各题所给的四个选项A,B,C,D中选出最佳选项,并填在答题卡上。
One morning in early fall, I spotted a pair of wild geese on our pond. The beautiful sight caught me by____21____because we’d never seen geese there before. Thinking they would soon leave, I_____22_____the chance to get close to them. I wondered where they came from and why they’d chosen our pond.
The next morning, the geese were still my____23____. I walked round to the mailbox, showing them I meant no harm.____24____, I couldn’t resist getting a ____25____ look. I hid behind some trees and ____26____ the handsome pair quietly through the branches. I was surprised to see they were staring at me, too!
As days passed, I started ____27____ to them on my trips to the mailbox. They craned their necks and raised their heads____28____, but seemed to realize I was their friend. By then, my curiosity about ____29____ they were staying so long on the pond changed to ____30____. As they were feeling in the grass the other day, I discovered the reason for their ____31____: the male had a broken left wing. He couldn’t____32____, and his faithful mate wouldn’t leave him behind.
I asked a biologist what to do. He explained that sometimes a ____33____ wing would heal by itself and suggested letting nature take its course.
On the first day of November, I was working in the neighborhood of the geese with my tractor. As I bent to fasten a chain from the tractor, I ____34____ some movement from the corner of my eye. Both geese were running towards the pond. Their wing were ____35____ like crazy, struggling for take-off. Gradually, they flew over the pond. They____36____ enough altitude to fly past a neighbor’s house, and then circled back towards me, flying no more than 50 feet over my head as if to say goodbye. Then they were out of _____37_____.
The season’s first snowflake fell the very next day. The birds must have___38___that winter was coming, and it was time to go. I became fond of them during their ____39____visit to our pond, and now I miss them. I’ll never forget their ____40____ to each other.
21. A. accident B. surprise C. nature D. fortune
22. A. increased B. created C. deserved D. valued
23. A. guests B. puzzles C. fellows D. friends
24. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Still D. Anyhow
25. A. closer B. quicker C. quieter D. broader
26. A. approached B. calmed C. observed D. protected
27. A. turning B. attending C. driving D. talking
28. A. firmly B. cautiously C. warmly D. proudly
29. A. why B. when C. how D. whether
30. A. sympathy B. rescue C. pleasure D. concern
31. A. companion B. visit C. settlement D. care
32. A. recover B. survive C. fly D. return
33. A. weak B. folded C. broken D. flightless
34. A. held B. caught C. directed D. made
35. A. spreading B. sweeping C. trembling D. beating
36. A. gained B. set C. discovered D. lost
37. A. reach B. sight C. control D. help
38. A. concluded B. indicated C. sensed D. confirmed
39. A. unexpected B. causal C. regular D. short
40. A. contribution B. promise C. treat D. devotion
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己家池塘来的两位不速之客——野鹅，它们之间忠诚的陪伴感动了作者。
【21题详解】
B
考查名词辨析。句意：这美丽的情景使我大吃一惊，因为我们以前从未在那里见过野鹅。A. accident事故；B. surprise惊奇；C. nature自然；D. fortune财富。根据空后的解释可知，因为作者从未见过野鹅，所以美丽的情景使作者感到惊奇。故选B。
【22题详解】
D
考查动词辨析。句意：想到它们会很快离开，我非常珍惜接近它们的机会。A. increased增加；B. created创造；C. deserved值得；D. valued珍惜，重视。根据空前的原因——想到它们会很快离开，所以作者非常珍惜接近它们的机会。下文也介绍了对野鹅的仔细观察，故选D。
【23题详解】
A
考查名词辨析。句意：第二天早上，它们还是我的客人（还没有飞走）。A. guests客人；B. puzzles谜题；C. fellows伙伴们；D. friends朋友。根据上文可知，野鹅是不速之客，故选A。
【24题详解】
C
考查副词辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是忍不住接近它们去看。A. Instead代替；B. Therefore因此；C. Still仍然；D. Anyhow无论如何。空前一句说作者走到邮箱前，表明自己对它们并无恶意。此处与之形成转折，作者仍然抵制不住接近野鹅去看，故选C。
【25题详解】
A
考查形容词辨析。句意同上。A. closer更近的；B. quicker更快的；C. quieter更安静的；D. broader更宽的。根据上文的“get close to them”可知，更近地接近野鹅观察，故选A。
【26题详解】
C
考查动词辨析。句意：我藏在树后透过树枝静静地观察那对漂亮的野鹅。A. approached靠近；B. calmed镇静；C. observed观察；D. protected保护。根据语境，作者藏在树后透过树枝静静地观察野鹅，这样才不会惊动它们，下文“surprised to see”给了提示，故选C。
【27题详解】
D
考查动词辨析。句意：几天过去了，我开始在去邮箱的路上和他们交谈。他们伸长脖子，谨慎地抬起头，但似乎意识到我是它们的朋友。A. turning转向；B. attending参加；C. driving驾驶；D. talking交谈。根据“to them on my trips to the mailbox”可知，作者在去邮箱的路上开始和野鹅交流，故选D。
【28题详解】
B
考查副词辨析。句意同上。A. firmly坚定地；B. cautiously谨慎地；C. warmly热情地；D. proudly骄傲地。野鹅是野生鸟类，有人接近，它们会本能地谨慎起来，保持警惕，故选B。
【29题详解】
A
考查副词辨析。句意：到那时，我对它们为什么在池塘里呆这么久的好奇变成了关心。A. why为什么；B. when什么时候；C. how如何；D. whether是否。根据语境，此处指作者对于为什么它们停留这么长时间感到好奇，与上文“why they had chosen our pond.”呼应，故选A。
【30题详解】
D
考查名词辨析。句意同上。A. sympathy同情；B. rescue营救；C. pleasure快乐；D. concern关心。根据下文“the male had a broken left wing”和“I asked a biologist what to do.”可知，作者对它们由好奇变成了关心，故选D。
【31题详解】
B
考查名词辨析。句意：前几天，当它们在草地上嬉戏的时候，我发现了它们来访的原因：雄性的左翼折断了。A. companion陪伴；B. visit逗留；C. settlement解决；D. care关心。此处指作者发现了它们逗留的原因——the male had a broken left wing，故选B。
【32题详解】
C
考查动词辨析。句意：他飞不了了，他忠实的伴侣也不会把他留下。A. recover恢复；B. survive幸存；C. fly飞；D. return返回。根据语境和常识可知，一只翅膀折断了，野鹅就飞不了了，故选C。
【33题详解】
C
考查形容词辨析。句意：他解释说，有时折断的翅膀会自己愈合，并建议顺其自然。A. weak虚弱的；B. folded折叠的；C. broken折断的；D. flightless不能飞的。与上文“a broken left wing”呼应，指有时折断的翅膀会自愈，故选C。
【34题详解】
B
考查动词辨析。句意：我眼角的余光看到了一些动静。A. held握住；B. caught捕捉，看到；C. directed指导；D. made制作。根据语境可知，作者眼角的余光看到有东西在动，表示作者看到的事物，故选B。
【35题详解】
D
考查动词辨析。句意：它们拼命地拍打着翅膀，挣扎着要起飞。A. spreading传播；B. sweeping打扫；C. trembling颤抖；D. beating拍打。根据“ struggling for take-off”可知，野鹅疯狂地拍打着翅膀，挣扎着起飞。故选D。
【36题详解】
A
考查动词辨析。句意：它们飞到了足够高的高度，飞过了一个邻居的房子，然后又绕回来飞向我，飞行在我头顶不到50英尺的高度，好像在说再见。A. gained获得；B. set树立；C. discovered发现；D. lost失去。根据“ fly past a neighbor’s house”可知此处指获得了能够飞走的高度，故选A。
【37题详解】
B
考查名词辨析。句意：然后，它们飞出了我的视线。A. reach范围；B. sight视线；C. control控制；D. help帮助。和作者告别后，野鹅飞出了作者的视线。故选B。
【38题详解】
C
考查动词辨析。句意：它们一定感觉到冬天快到了，该走了。A. concluded推断；B. indicated表明；C. sensed感到；D. confirmed确认。空前说第二天下了这一年的第一场雪，所以野鹅肯定感觉到了冬天要来了，它们该走了。指它们对气候的感觉，故选C。
【39题详解】
A
考查形容词辨析。句意：在它们意外来到我们池塘的时候，我喜欢上了它们，现在我很想念它们。A. unexpected意外的；B. casual随便的；C. regular定期的；D. short短的。根据第一段内容可知，这两只野鹅是池塘的不速之客，此处指野鹅的意外到来，故选A。
【40题详解】
D
考查名词辨析。句意：我永远不会忘记它们对彼此的忠诚。A. contribution贡献；B. promise允诺；C. treat款待；D. devotion忠诚，奉献。根据上文的讲述可知，雄鹅翅膀断了，雌鹅不离不弃，因此此处指“忠诚”。故选D。
【点睛】
完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题1因为作者从未见过野鹅，所以美丽的情景使作者感到惊奇。根据前后句的因果关系和下文的my curiosity，可知作者感到惊奇。小题8野鹅伸长脖子，谨慎地抬起头，似乎意识到作者是它们的朋友。句中but起转折作用，下文the male had a broken left wing.也是它们谨慎的一个原因。小题10根据下文the male had a broken left wing和I asked a biologist what to do.可知作者对它们由好奇变成了关心。
第1卷非选择题(满分40分)
第二节词汇填空(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
阅读下面句子,根据句子的实际意思和首字母在空白处填入单词的适当形式。
41. The police have issued a detailed d____ of the missing woman. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】description
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：警方发布了失踪妇女的详细情况介绍。分析句意，并根据句意和首字母提示可知，该空处应填名词description，作动词issue的宾语。description为不可数名词。故填description。
42. Your choice of clothes is a r____ of your personality. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】reflection
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你对衣服的选择反映了你的性格。根据句中的a可知这里要用名词，再结合句意和首字母，所以名词reflection“反射，映像”符合句意。故填reflection。
43. ____(生物多样性) ensures resource for new food crops and medicines. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】Biodiversity
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：生物多样性为新的粮食作物和药物提供资源。分析句子并结合汉语提示可知，该空处应填名词biodiversity，在句子中做主语。biodiversity为不可数名词，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填Biodiversity。
44. It was the second air ________ (灾难) in the region in less than two months. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】disaster
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这是该地区不到两个月的第二次空难。根据汉语提示“灾难”，以及上文the second air可知此处应填名词，分析本句可知，本句为主系表结构，其中“it”为主语，“was”为系动词，空白处在主句中作表语。“in the region ”做地点状语；“in less than two months”为时间状语。故填disaster。
45. We all breathed a sigh of r____ when he left. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】relief
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：当他离开时，我们都松了一口气。根据单词首字母以及句意“松了口气”，可知应填名词relief，作宾语，短语a sigh of relief“松了口气”。故填relief。
第三节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于三个单词)
The advance of technology in our lives has been stopped somewhat in New York City. Lawmakers have passed a bill to ban cashless business. With many parts of the world in a seemingly rapid ___46___ (tend)to replace cash with digital payment New York City officials have decided cash still plays___47___ important role in our lives. The officials have passed a law ___48___ keeps stores, restaurants and supermarkets ___49___ refusing to accept cash. They attempt___50___ (protect) the rights of people who prefer to pay through ___51___ (tradition) means. Shops could face big fines of up to $1, 500 for not ___52___ (follow) the law. Actually, the bill ___53___ (approve) by many people. Some people say cashless business discriminates against the poor sections of society, many of whom do not have bank accounts or credit cards. One citizen said, “I think it’s ___54___ (obvious) unfair not to accept cash because some people don’t have a credit card.”A person____55____ (name) Brown said, “We are leading ourselves to business that we don’t have the right to do.”
【答案】46. tendency
47. an 48. which/that
49. from 50. to protect
51. traditional
52. following
53. is approved
54. obviously
55. named
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了纽约的官员们通过了一项法律，禁止商店、餐馆和超市拒绝接受现金。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着世界上许多地方出现了用数字支付取代现金的快速趋势，纽约市官员认为，现金仍然在我们的生活中扮演着重要角色。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词tendency，作介词in的宾语。故填tendency。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意同上。play an important role in为固定短语，意为“在……中起重要作用”。故填an。
【48题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：官员们通过了一项法律，禁止商店、餐馆和超市拒绝接受现金。空处引导定语从句，先行词law，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。keep…from doing sth.为固定短语，意为“阻止……做某事”。故填from。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们试图保护那些喜欢通过传统方式付款的人的权利。attempt to do sth.为固定用法，意为“试图做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作宾语。故填to protect。
【51题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。修饰名词means，需用形容词作定语。故填traditional。
【52题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：不遵守法律的商店将面临高达1500美元的巨额罚款。for为介词，后面需加动名词作宾语。故填following。
【53题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：事实上，该法案得到了许多人的认可。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语the bill和approve为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用is。故填is approved。
【54题详解】
考查副词。句意：一名市民说:“我认为不接受现金显然是不公平的，因为有些人没有信用卡。”修饰形容词unfair，需用副词作状语。故填obviously。
【55题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一位名叫布朗的人说:“我们正在把自己引向我们没有权利去做的业务。”空处修饰名词A person，需用非谓语动词作后置定语，name和a person为逻辑上的动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填named。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
56. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧) 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11 处起）不计分。
It’s three months since I hear from you last time. Now I want to tell you impressive story happen in my first lesson. On hearing the bell, the students ran into the classroom as quick as they could. And Li Ming stood outside of the classroom, crying silently. He told me that his mother was ill and he had to buy some medicine for him. At the same time, he apologized to me for his lateness. I praised him for his deeds and asked the students to sing a song naming Mother together. That I experienced that day has become one of the most unforgettable memory.
【答案】1. hear→heard
2. impressive story前加an
3. happen→happening
4. quick→quickly
5. And→But
6. 去掉of
7. him→her
8. naming→named
9. That→What
10. memory→memories
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在作者的第一节课上，发生的一件令人难忘的事情。
1.考查动词时态。句意：我已经三个月没有收到你的来信了。It is后是表示一段时间的短语，since后通常用一般过去式。故hear改为heard。
2.考查冠词。句意：现在我想告诉你一个发生在我的第一课上的令人印象深刻的故事。此处泛指“一个令人印象深刻的故事”，且impressive首字母发音是元音音素，应用不定冠词an。故impressive story前加an。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。“故事”和“发生”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作定语。故happen改为happening。
4.考查副词。句意：一听到铃声，学生们就以最快的速度跑进教室。修饰动词ran，用副词。故quick改为quickly。
5.考查连词。句意：但是李明站在教室外面，默默地哭泣。根据语境可知，此处与上文形成转折关系，应用连词but，表示“但是”。故And改为But。
6.考查介词。句意同上。Outside介词，表示“在……范围之外”，of多余。故去掉of。
7.考查代词。句意：他告诉我他的母亲病了，他要给她买一些药。根据语境可知，此处指代“李明的母亲”。故him改为her。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：我表扬了他的行为，并让学生们一起唱了一首叫《妈妈》的歌。“歌曲”和“名字”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故naming改为named。
9.考查主语从句。句意：那天我所经历的已经成为最难忘的记忆之一。此处是主语从句，从句缺少experienced的宾语，指代“经历的事情”，应用what引导。故That改为What。
10.考查名词复数。句意同上。固定结构：one of +可数名词复数“……之一”。故memory改为memories。
第二节 书面表达(本题有1小题，共15分)
57. 假定你是精英中学学生会主席李华，你校将于2月25日接待美国某中学的游学团。你受学校委托，给游学团的领队Mr. Green写一封电子邮件，介绍活动安排并征求对方的建议。内容包括:
1. 上午参观学校并交流校园文化；
2. 中午在学校食堂品尝中国传统美食；
3. 下午与你校学生参观本地博物馆；
4. 希望对方给予建议。
注意:
1 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Green,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mr. Green,
I'm Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union at Jingying High School. I'm pleased to know that you are coming to visit our school on February 25. I’m writing to tell you what we have arranged for you.
In the morning, you will be shown around the school, during which we can talk about school life and cultural differences. At noon, you will be invited to have lunch in our school canteen. You can taste dumplings, hot pot and other traditional Chinese food. In the afternoon, students in our school will show you around our local museum, where there are many Chinese antiques. Meanwhile, I sincerely expect your suggestions on the arrangement to make your visit to our school a success and an unforgettable experience.
I hope you will have a nice time here.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国某中学的游学团的领队Mr. Green写一封电子邮件，介绍活动安排并征求对方的建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
参观：visit→look around
邀请：invite→ask
建议：suggestion→advice
同时：meanwhile=at the same time
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：At noon, you will be invited to have lunch in our school canteen. You can taste dumplings, hot pot and other traditional Chinese food.
拓展句：At noon, you will be invited to have lunch in our school canteen, where you can taste dumplings, hot pot and other traditional Chinese food.
【点睛】[高分句型1] In the morning, you will be shown around the school, during which we can talk about school life and cultural differences. (during which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] In the afternoon, students in our school will show you around our local museum, where there are many Chinese antiques. (where引导的非限制性定语从句)
芜湖市2020～2021学年度第二学期期中普通高中联考试卷
高一英语
第一部分 阅读技能(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Love to write? Want to see your work published and win some cash along the way? Then read on. The national Spark a Story writing contest is calling in all young storytellers!
Who can participate?
The contest is open to students in grades 9, 10, 11 or 12, or those who are being home-schooled in the United States.
Deadline and requirements
You’re able to send your short story up to October 7th. It will be judged on creativity, originality and overall quality of writing. Your story must be original works and should be no longer than 5000 words. There is no minimum length requirements.
How can I send my short story?
There are three easy ways to send your short story:
*Online at http: // learn.hmhco.com/hmhsparkamind
*Send your short story as a PDF or Microsoft word document to Sparkahmhco.com
*Send your short story via US Mail to: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
222 Berkeley Street Boston, MA 02116
What will I win?
The best stories will be published next year. Winners will receive a free copy of the book and cash price of $100.
1. Which of the following children can take part in the contest?
A. Maria, grade 7, from New York.
B. Justin, grade 9, from London.
C. Catherine, grade 11, from Washington.
D. C.D. Bastian, home-schooled from Paris.
2. Your story will NOT be acceptable if it is ________.
A. longer than 5,000 words.
B. shorter than 5,000 words.
C. an original work.
D. sent before October 7th.
3. Which of the following ways is NOT a correct way to send your story?
A. Sending it online.
B. Sending it by email.
C. Sending it by US Mail.
D. Sending it by fax.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
分析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了一个面向学生的小说竞赛项目的具体细节。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The contest is open to students in grades 9, 10, 11 or 12, or those who are being home-schooled in the United States.”（该竞赛面向9年级、10年级、11年级或12年级的学生，以及那些在美国在家接受教育的学生。）可知，针对9，10，11，12年纪或者在家接受家庭教育的美国学生，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Your story must be original works and should be no longer than 5000 words. ”（你的故事必须是原创作品，长度不超过5000字。）可知，文章不得超过5000字，故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“There are three easy ways to send your short story:*Online at http: // learn.hmhco.com/hmhsparkamind*Send your short story as a PDF or Microsoft word document to Sparkahmhco.com*Send your short story via US Mail to: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company”可知，有三种投稿方式，分别是：在线； email；US Mail。只有fax没有提到，故选D。
【点睛】
B
My First Marathon（马拉松）
A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not athletic＂.
The idea that I was ＂not athletic＂ stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.zxxk
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂.
4. A month before the marathon, the author ____________.
A. was well trained B. felt scared
C. made up his mind to run D. lost hope
5. Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year?
A. To acknowledge the support of his teacher.
B. To amuse the readers with a funny story.
C. To show he was not talented in sports.
D. To share a precious memory.
6. How was the author’s first marathon?
A. He made it. B. He quit halfway.
C. He got the first prize. D. He walked to the end.
7. What does the story mainly tell us?
A. A man owes his success to his family support.
B. A winner is one with a great effort of will.
C. Failure is the mother of success.
D. One is never too old to learn.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了自己第一次跑马拉松，凭借自己的意志力成功跑完全程的励志故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Yet, I was determined to go ahead.可知，马拉松赛前一个月尽管作者脚踝受伤使得训练时间缩短，但作者仍下定决心参赛。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not athletic＂可知，作者提到7年级的事情是为了证明自己真的没有运动天赋。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第10段I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.可知，作者坚持到了最后，而且得到了一块奖牌，虽然不是第一名，由此可见他成功地跑完了马拉松。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在讲述自己跑马拉松的经历，再根据最后一段Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂.可知，作者成功跑完马拉松源于自己的意志。故选B。
点睛：文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语意理解型。（4）是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。
此题中的前三题为细节理解题。细节理解题首先要根据题干准确定位信息句，其次要对信息句进行准确的理解和判断，如第一题为转述型，I was determined to go ahead即made up his mind to run。第二题为语义理解题。根据文章第二段的信息In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well.可知，作者没有运动天赋。而第三题则为转述型，根据信息句I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.可知，作者跑完了马拉松，正好与made it 意义相同。
C
A flock of wild mandarin ducks(鸳鸯) are the biggest draw in the West Lake scenic area in Hangzhou, capital of East China's Zhejiang province, with tourists flocking from around the country to see them. However, some of the tourists have been feeding the ducks, even pulling them by the neck to force-feed them. On Monday, a video claiming that some of the ducks had died from over-feeding went viral on social networking sites.
Although there are prominent signboards warning people against feeding them, tourists just cannot hold back. Some even believe the ducks are underfed and they are doing them a favor, little realizing that their action can be detrimental to the birds' health.
Human food does not always go down well with ducks, particularly potato chips, as the oily snack can damage the health of mandarin ducks. However, tourists can frequently be seen feeding the ducks food that the birds cannot digest. Besides, feeding the ducks could stop them from competing in the wild to find their food. If they become dependent on food provided by humans, they will lose their survival skills. Also, by giving food to them, the tourists are polluting the environment. Especially, food thrown into the water could harm the ecosystem there.
However, the tourists know little about the harm they cause to the environment and there is a need to create awareness about it. Meanwhile, the number of mandarin ducks at West Lake has dropped from 336 last year to 260 this year. Maybe the declining numbers will wake the tourists up to this reality.
8. What is the main reason for the ducks' death in the West Lake according to the passage?
A. The ducks are fed with oily snacks. B. The tourists fail to see the warning signs.
C. The tourists feed the ducks too much food. D. The tourists kill the ducks by pulling their necks.
9. What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. harmful. B. sensitive. C. vital. D. beneficial.
10. What is the main idea of paragraph 3?
A. Human food is not suitable for ducks to digest.
B. Food thrown into the water does harm to the ecosystem.
C. Tourists' feeding ducks may have a bad effect on ducks and the environment.
D. Ducks may lose their survival skills if receiving food from people all the time.
11. What can we infer from the last paragraph about mandarin ducks in the West Lake?
A. More mandarin ducks are seen in the West Lake this year than before.
B. People have already known the damage they did to the mandarin ducks.
C. More mandarin ducks are likely to be introduced to the West Lake in the future.
D. It's high time that people should be aware of the harm to ducks caused by overfeeding.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲了导致杭州西湖鸳鸯死亡的原因，呼吁人们意识到他们对鸳鸯过度喂养造成的伤害及对环境的影响。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, some of the tourists have been feeding the ducks, even pulling them by the neck to force-feed them. On Monday, a video claiming that some of the ducks had died from over-feeding went viral on social networking sites.(然而，一些游客一直在喂鸳鸯，甚至拉着鸳鸯的脖子强行喂它们。周一，一段声称部分鸳鸯因过量喂食而死亡的视频在社交网站上疯传)”可知，西湖鸳鸯死亡的主要原因是游客们喂鸳鸯太多的食物。故选C。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Some even believe the ducks are underfed and they are doing them a favor, little realizing that their action can be”（有些人甚至认为鸳鸯吃不饱，他们是在帮鸳鸯的忙，几乎没有意识到它们的行为对鸳鸯的健康有害。）以及后文“to the birds' health.”可知，故画线词意思是“有害的”。A. harmful.有害的；B. sensitive.敏感的；C. vital.重要的；D. beneficial.有益的。故选A。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Human food does not always go down well with ducks, particularly potato chips, as the oily snack can damage the health of mandarin ducks. However, tourists can frequently be seen feeding the ducks food that the birds cannot digest. Besides, feeding the ducks could stop them from competing in the wild to find their food. If they become dependent on food provided by humans, they will lose their survival skills. Also, by giving food to them, the tourists are polluting the environment. Especially, food thrown into the water could harm the ecosystem there.(鸳鸯并不总是能吃人类的食物，尤其是薯片，因为这种油腻的零食会损害鸳鸯的健康。然而，经常可以看到游客喂鸳鸯吃鸳鸯消化不了的食物。此外，喂鸳鸯会让它们无法在野外竞争寻找食物。如果它们变得依赖于人类提供的食物，它们就会失去生存技能。此外，通过给他们食物，游客正在污染环境。特别是，扔进水中的食物可能会损害那里的生态系统)”可知，第三段的主要思想是游客喂养鸳鸯可能会对鸳鸯和环境造成不良影响。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, the tourists know little about the harm they cause to the environment and there is a need to create awareness about it. Meanwhile, the number of mandarin ducks at West Lake has dropped from 336 last year to 260 this year. Maybe the declining numbers will wake the tourists up to this reality.(然而，游客们对他们对环境造成的伤害知之甚少，因此有必要让人们意识到这一点。与此同时，西湖的鸳鸯数量从去年的336只下降到今年的260只。也许鸳鸯数量的下降会让他们意识到这一现实)”可推知，是时候人们应该意识到过度喂养对鸳鸯的危害了。故选D。
D
Today we know Antarctica as an extreme environment containing ice and snow. But new research provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past.
The researchers collected a piece of Earth sediment (沉淀物) from under the seafloor off the coast of Antarctica. In the sediment they discovered forest material that was estimated to be about 90 million years old. This would have been in the Cretaceous Period, when dinosaurs were the main land animals. The sediment was removed by scientists on the research icebreaker RV Polarstern in the Amundsen Sea near Pine Island Glacier.
Johann Klages is a geologist with the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research in Germany. He was the lead writer of a study on the findings, published in the journal Nature. He said the sediment was collected from a depth of about 30 meters below the ocean floor. Klages said an examination showed that the material didn’t form in the ocean.
The researchers estimate that the area—about 900 kilometers from the South Pole—had average yearly temperatures of about 12 to 13 degrees Celsius. During the warmest summer months, average temperatures likely reached between 20 and 25 degrees Celsius. The soil included fine dirt particles (颗粒) and hard clay, as well as substances linked to at least 65 different kinds of plants, the study found. Klages added that the plants included trees, ferns and flowering plants. While no animal remains were found, Klages said there were likely dinosaurs, flying reptiles (爬行动物) and many insects in the environment.
The research represents new evidence of the major climate changes Earth has experienced in the past—and is currently undergoing today. The soil in the sediment dates back to the planet’s warmest period of the past 140 million years, with sea level about 170 meters higher than today. The researchers said that the rainforest environment in Antarctica was especially surprising because each year, the area experiences a four-month polar night when there is no sunlight to fuel plant life. Klages said no ice sheets were present during the time, but seasonal snowfall was likely.
12. How did the researchers come to their findings?
A. By collecting data on climate.
B. By researching special plants.
C. By exploring ice in Antarctica.
D. By analyzing the Earth sediment.
13. What did the researchers say about the sediment?
A. Its material developed in the ocean.
B. Its material formed on the land.
C. It dates back to cold times in Antarctica
D. It contained different animal remains
14. What does the author indicate in the last paragraph?
A. There were ice sheets 140 million years ago.
B. Seasonal snowfall made the forest disappear.
C. Antarctica’s natural environment has changed greatly.
D Polar nights in Antarctica are getting shorter than before.
15. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Antarctica is getting warmer like before.
B. Various wildlife once existed in Antarctica.
C. Antarctica had a different history of climate.
D. Researchers study the secrets of Antarctica.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了南极洲现在是一个有冰雪的极端环境，但新的研究表明该地区过去有雨林，这说明南极洲曾经的气候和现在的气候有很大的区别。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“But new research provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past.”可知，但新的研究提供了这个地区曾经有雨林的证据。根据第二段的“The researchers collected a piece of Earth sediment from under the seafloor off the coast of Antarctica. In the sediment, they discovered forest material that was estimated to be about 90 million years old.”可知，研究人员从南极洲海岸海底下收集了一块土壤沉积物。在沉积物中，他们发现了估计有9000万年历史的森林物质。由此可知，研究人员通过研究地球的土壤沉积物得到了新发现：南极洲过去有雨林。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Klages said an examination showed that the material didn’t form in the ocean.”可知，Klages说一项检查显示，这些物质不是在海洋中形成的。根据第四段的“The soil included fine dirt particles and hard clay, as well as substances linked to at least 65 different kinds of plants, the study found. Klages added that the plants included trees, ferns and flowering plants.”可知，研究发现，这些土壤包括细土颗粒和硬粘土，以及与至少65种不同植物有关的物质。Klages补充说，这些植物包括树木、蕨类植物和开花植物。这些植物在陆地上是常见的。由此可知，这些土壤沉积物是在陆地上形成的。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The soil in the sediment dates back to the planet’s warmest period of the past 140 million years, with sea level about 170 meters higher than today.”可知，沉积物中的土壤可以追溯到地球过去1.4亿年中最温暖的时期，那时海平面比今天高出约170米。由此可知，南极洲的自然环境发生了很大变化。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段的“Today we know Antarctica as an extreme environment containing ice and snow. But new research provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past.”可知，今天我们知道南极洲是一个有冰雪的极端环境。但新的研究提供了证据，证明该地区过去有雨林。再由最后一段的“The research represents new evidence of the major climate changes Earth has experienced in the past — and is currently undergoing today.”可知，这项研究代表了地球过去和现在经历的重大气候变化的新证据，并且变化仍在进行中。由此可知，本文主要讲述南极洲曾经的气候和现在的气候有很大的区别。故选C。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Earthquakes strike without warning and are among the most destructive natural disasters. Keeping calm and proper reaction can sometimes save your life. To ride out an earthquake, remember the phrase “drop, cover, and hold on.” ___16___
1. Move away from buildings, street lights, power lines, and bridges.
___17___ As soon as the ground begins shaking, try to get as far away as possible from any nearby structures. Do not seek shelter under a bridge or overpass.
2. Crouch down low in a wide open area until the shaking stops.
Once you've made your way away from nearby structures, get on your hands and knees and cover your head. See if there are any objects nearby to use as a shield (遮蔽物）, such as a trash can lid. ___18___
3. ___19___
As you go out after the earthquake, be careful of broken glass, rubble, downed power lines, fallen trees, and any other potential danger. Check yourself and anyone nearby for injuries. If necessary,perform first aid and call emergency services.
4. Get to higher ground if you're on the shore or near a dam.
Earth quakes can cause tsunamis, so put distance between yourself and the coast. If a shaking lasts more than 20 seconds, ___20___ Get to ground that's at least 100 ft (30 m)above sea level or 2 miles (3.2 km)from the shore.
A. Drop to your hands and knees under a table or desk.
B. Watch out for danger as you observe your surroundings.
C. If possible, grab a pillow, sofa cushion, or another object to cover your face and head.
D. Here are four tips helping you survive an earthquake if you are outdoors.
E. Don't wait for an alarm or warning to escape.
F. The most dangerous locations during an earthquake are areas immediately around buildings.
G. If none are available, cover your head and neck with your hands and arms.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. G 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种在户外时，遇到地震了的逃生方式。
【16题详解】
前文提到“为了安然渡过地震，记住这句话：蹲下，找遮蔽物，坚持住。”承接前文，D选项“如果你在户外，这里有四个帮助你度过地震的小贴士”切题。且与下文给的四个建议呼应，故选D。
【17题详解】
前文提到“远离建筑物、路灯、电线和桥梁。”承接前文，F选项“地震中最危险的位置是建筑物附近的区域”切题。故选F。
【18题详解】
前文提到“看看附近有没有什么东西可以作为盾牌，比如垃圾桶盖。”承接前文，G选项“如果没有，用你的手和胳膊盖住你的头和脖子。”切题。故选G。
【19题详解】
下文提到“地震后外出时，小心碎玻璃、碎石、倒下的电线、倒下的树和其他潜在的危险。”承接下文，B选项“当你观察周围环境时，要小心危险。”切题。故选B。
【20题详解】
前文提到“如果摇晃持续超过20秒，”承接前文，E选项“不要等待警报或警告。”切题。且呼应下文“到达海拔至少100英尺(30米)或2英里(32公里)的地面。”故选E。
第二部分英语知识运用(共三节,满分35分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21-40各题所给的四个选项A,B,C,D中选出最佳选项,并填在答题卡上。
One morning in early fall, I spotted a pair of wild geese on our pond. The beautiful sight caught me by____21____because we’d never seen geese there before. Thinking they would soon leave, I_____22_____the chance to get close to them. I wondered where they came from and why they’d chosen our pond.
The next morning, the geese were still my____23____. I walked round to the mailbox, showing them I meant no harm.____24____, I couldn’t resist getting a ____25____ look. I hid behind some trees and ____26____ the handsome pair quietly through the branches. I was surprised to see they were staring at me, too!
As days passed, I started ____27____ to them on my trips to the mailbox. They craned their necks and raised their heads____28____, but seemed to realize I was their friend. By then, my curiosity about ____29____ they were staying so long on the pond changed to ____30____. As they were feeling in the grass the other day, I discovered the reason for their ____31____: the male had a broken left wing. He couldn’t____32____, and his faithful mate wouldn’t leave him behind.
I asked a biologist what to do. He explained that sometimes a ____33____ wing would heal by itself and suggested letting nature take its course.
On the first day of November, I was working in the neighborhood of the geese with my tractor. As I bent to fasten a chain from the tractor, I ____34____ some movement from the corner of my eye. Both geese were running towards the pond. Their wing were ____35____ like crazy, struggling for take-off. Gradually, they flew over the pond. They____36____ enough altitude to fly past a neighbor’s house, and then circled back towards me, flying no more than 50 feet over my head as if to say goodbye. Then they were out of _____37_____.
The season’s first snowflake fell the very next day. The birds must have___38___that winter was coming, and it was time to go. I became fond of them during their ____39____visit to our pond, and now I miss them. I’ll never forget their ____40____ to each other.
21. A. accident B. surprise C. nature D. fortune
22. A. increased B. created C. deserved D. valued
23. A. guests B. puzzles C. fellows D. friends
24. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Still D. Anyhow
25. A. closer B. quicker C. quieter D. broader
26. A. approached B. calmed C. observed D. protected
27. A. turning B. attending C. driving D. talking
28. A. firmly B. cautiously C. warmly D. proudly
29. A. why B. when C. how D. whether
30. A. sympathy B. rescue C. pleasure D. concern
31. A. companion B. visit C. settlement D. care
32. A. recover B. survive C. fly D. return
33. A. weak B. folded C. broken D. flightless
34. A. held B. caught C. directed D. made
35. A. spreading B. sweeping C. trembling D. beating
36. A. gained B. set C. discovered D. lost
37. A. reach B. sight C. control D. help
38. A. concluded B. indicated C. sensed D. confirmed
39. A. unexpected B. causal C. regular D. short
40. A. contribution B. promise C. treat D. devotion
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己家池塘来的两位不速之客——野鹅，它们之间忠诚的陪伴感动了作者。
【21题详解】
B
考查名词辨析。句意：这美丽的情景使我大吃一惊，因为我们以前从未在那里见过野鹅。A. accident事故；B. surprise惊奇；C. nature自然；D. fortune财富。根据空后的解释可知，因为作者从未见过野鹅，所以美丽的情景使作者感到惊奇。故选B。
【22题详解】
D
考查动词辨析。句意：想到它们会很快离开，我非常珍惜接近它们的机会。A. increased增加；B. created创造；C. deserved值得；D. valued珍惜，重视。根据空前的原因——想到它们会很快离开，所以作者非常珍惜接近它们的机会。下文也介绍了对野鹅的仔细观察，故选D。
【23题详解】
A
考查名词辨析。句意：第二天早上，它们还是我的客人（还没有飞走）。A. guests客人；B. puzzles谜题；C. fellows伙伴们；D. friends朋友。根据上文可知，野鹅是不速之客，故选A。
【24题详解】
C
考查副词辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是忍不住接近它们去看。A. Instead代替；B. Therefore因此；C. Still仍然；D. Anyhow无论如何。空前一句说作者走到邮箱前，表明自己对它们并无恶意。此处与之形成转折，作者仍然抵制不住接近野鹅去看，故选C。
【25题详解】
A
考查形容词辨析。句意同上。A. closer更近的；B. quicker更快的；C. quieter更安静的；D. broader更宽的。根据上文的“get close to them”可知，更近地接近野鹅观察，故选A。
【26题详解】
C
考查动词辨析。句意：我藏在树后透过树枝静静地观察那对漂亮的野鹅。A. approached靠近；B. calmed镇静；C. observed观察；D. protected保护。根据语境，作者藏在树后透过树枝静静地观察野鹅，这样才不会惊动它们，下文“surprised to see”给了提示，故选C。
【27题详解】
D
考查动词辨析。句意：几天过去了，我开始在去邮箱的路上和他们交谈。他们伸长脖子，谨慎地抬起头，但似乎意识到我是它们的朋友。A. turning转向；B. attending参加；C. driving驾驶；D. talking交谈。根据“to them on my trips to the mailbox”可知，作者在去邮箱的路上开始和野鹅交流，故选D。
【28题详解】
B
考查副词辨析。句意同上。A. firmly坚定地；B. cautiously谨慎地；C. warmly热情地；D. proudly骄傲地。野鹅是野生鸟类，有人接近，它们会本能地谨慎起来，保持警惕，故选B。
【29题详解】
A
考查副词辨析。句意：到那时，我对它们为什么在池塘里呆这么久的好奇变成了关心。A. why为什么；B. when什么时候；C. how如何；D. whether是否。根据语境，此处指作者对于为什么它们停留这么长时间感到好奇，与上文“why they had chosen our pond.”呼应，故选A。
【30题详解】
D
考查名词辨析。句意同上。A. sympathy同情；B. rescue营救；C. pleasure快乐；D. concern关心。根据下文“the male had a broken left wing”和“I asked a biologist what to do.”可知，作者对它们由好奇变成了关心，故选D。
【31题详解】
B
考查名词辨析。句意：前几天，当它们在草地上嬉戏的时候，我发现了它们来访的原因：雄性的左翼折断了。A. companion陪伴；B. visit逗留；C. settlement解决；D. care关心。此处指作者发现了它们逗留的原因——the male had a broken left wing，故选B。
【32题详解】
C
考查动词辨析。句意：他飞不了了，他忠实的伴侣也不会把他留下。A. recover恢复；B. survive幸存；C. fly飞；D. return返回。根据语境和常识可知，一只翅膀折断了，野鹅就飞不了了，故选C。
【33题详解】
C
考查形容词辨析。句意：他解释说，有时折断的翅膀会自己愈合，并建议顺其自然。A. weak虚弱的；B. folded折叠的；C. broken折断的；D. flightless不能飞的。与上文“a broken left wing”呼应，指有时折断的翅膀会自愈，故选C。
【34题详解】
B
考查动词辨析。句意：我眼角的余光看到了一些动静。A. held握住；B. caught捕捉，看到；C. directed指导；D. made制作。根据语境可知，作者眼角的余光看到有东西在动，表示作者看到的事物，故选B。
【35题详解】
D
考查动词辨析。句意：它们拼命地拍打着翅膀，挣扎着要起飞。A. spreading传播；B. sweeping打扫；C. trembling颤抖；D. beating拍打。根据“ struggling for take-off”可知，野鹅疯狂地拍打着翅膀，挣扎着起飞。故选D。
【36题详解】
A
考查动词辨析。句意：它们飞到了足够高的高度，飞过了一个邻居的房子，然后又绕回来飞向我，飞行在我头顶不到50英尺的高度，好像在说再见。A. gained获得；B. set树立；C. discovered发现；D. lost失去。根据“ fly past a neighbor’s house”可知此处指获得了能够飞走的高度，故选A。
【37题详解】
B
考查名词辨析。句意：然后，它们飞出了我的视线。A. reach范围；B. sight视线；C. control控制；D. help帮助。和作者告别后，野鹅飞出了作者的视线。故选B。
【38题详解】
C
考查动词辨析。句意：它们一定感觉到冬天快到了，该走了。A. concluded推断；B. indicated表明；C. sensed感到；D. confirmed确认。空前说第二天下了这一年的第一场雪，所以野鹅肯定感觉到了冬天要来了，它们该走了。指它们对气候的感觉，故选C。
【39题详解】
A
考查形容词辨析。句意：在它们意外来到我们池塘的时候，我喜欢上了它们，现在我很想念它们。A. unexpected意外的；B. casual随便的；C. regular定期的；D. short短的。根据第一段内容可知，这两只野鹅是池塘的不速之客，此处指野鹅的意外到来，故选A。
【40题详解】
D
考查名词辨析。句意：我永远不会忘记它们对彼此的忠诚。A. contribution贡献；B. promise允诺；C. treat款待；D. devotion忠诚，奉献。根据上文的讲述可知，雄鹅翅膀断了，雌鹅不离不弃，因此此处指“忠诚”。故选D。
【点睛】
完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题1因为作者从未见过野鹅，所以美丽的情景使作者感到惊奇。根据前后句的因果关系和下文的my curiosity，可知作者感到惊奇。小题8野鹅伸长脖子，谨慎地抬起头，似乎意识到作者是它们的朋友。句中but起转折作用，下文the male had a broken left wing.也是它们谨慎的一个原因。小题10根据下文the male had a broken left wing和I asked a biologist what to do.可知作者对它们由好奇变成了关心。
第1卷非选择题(满分40分)
第二节词汇填空(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
阅读下面句子,根据句子的实际意思和首字母在空白处填入单词的适当形式。
41. The police have issued a detailed d____ of the missing woman. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】description
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：警方发布了失踪妇女的详细情况介绍。分析句意，并根据句意和首字母提示可知，该空处应填名词description，作动词issue的宾语。description为不可数名词。故填description。
42. Your choice of clothes is a r____ of your personality. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】reflection
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你对衣服的选择反映了你的性格。根据句中的a可知这里要用名词，再结合句意和首字母，所以名词reflection“反射，映像”符合句意。故填reflection。
43. ____(生物多样性) ensures resource for new food crops and medicines. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】Biodiversity
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：生物多样性为新的粮食作物和药物提供资源。分析句子并结合汉语提示可知，该空处应填名词biodiversity，在句子中做主语。biodiversity为不可数名词，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填Biodiversity。
44. It was the second air ________ (灾难) in the region in less than two months. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】disaster
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这是该地区不到两个月的第二次空难。根据汉语提示“灾难”，以及上文the second air可知此处应填名词，分析本句可知，本句为主系表结构，其中“it”为主语，“was”为系动词，空白处在主句中作表语。“in the region ”做地点状语；“in less than two months”为时间状语。故填disaster。
45. We all breathed a sigh of r____ when he left. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】relief
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：当他离开时，我们都松了一口气。根据单词首字母以及句意“松了口气”，可知应填名词relief，作宾语，短语a sigh of relief“松了口气”。故填relief。
第三节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于三个单词)
The advance of technology in our lives has been stopped somewhat in New York City. Lawmakers have passed a bill to ban cashless business. With many parts of the world in a seemingly rapid ___46___ (tend)to replace cash with digital payment New York City officials have decided cash still plays___47___ important role in our lives. The officials have passed a law ___48___ keeps stores, restaurants and supermarkets ___49___ refusing to accept cash. They attempt___50___ (protect) the rights of people who prefer to pay through ___51___ (tradition) means. Shops could face big fines of up to $1, 500 for not ___52___ (follow) the law. Actually, the bill ___53___ (approve) by many people. Some people say cashless business discriminates against the poor sections of society, many of whom do not have bank accounts or credit cards. One citizen said, “I think it’s ___54___ (obvious) unfair not to accept cash because some people don’t have a credit card.”A person____55____ (name) Brown said, “We are leading ourselves to business that we don’t have the right to do.”
【答案】46. tendency
47. an 48. which/that
49. from 50. to protect
51. traditional
52. following
53. is approved
54. obviously
55. named
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了纽约的官员们通过了一项法律，禁止商店、餐馆和超市拒绝接受现金。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着世界上许多地方出现了用数字支付取代现金的快速趋势，纽约市官员认为，现金仍然在我们的生活中扮演着重要角色。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词tendency，作介词in的宾语。故填tendency。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意同上。play an important role in为固定短语，意为“在……中起重要作用”。故填an。
【48题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：官员们通过了一项法律，禁止商店、餐馆和超市拒绝接受现金。空处引导定语从句，先行词law，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。keep…from doing sth.为固定短语，意为“阻止……做某事”。故填from。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们试图保护那些喜欢通过传统方式付款的人的权利。attempt to do sth.为固定用法，意为“试图做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作宾语。故填to protect。
【51题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。修饰名词means，需用形容词作定语。故填traditional。
【52题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：不遵守法律的商店将面临高达1500美元的巨额罚款。for为介词，后面需加动名词作宾语。故填following。
【53题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：事实上，该法案得到了许多人的认可。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语the bill和approve为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用is。故填is approved。
【54题详解】
考查副词。句意：一名市民说:“我认为不接受现金显然是不公平的，因为有些人没有信用卡。”修饰形容词unfair，需用副词作状语。故填obviously。
【55题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一位名叫布朗的人说:“我们正在把自己引向我们没有权利去做的业务。”空处修饰名词A person，需用非谓语动词作后置定语，name和a person为逻辑上的动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填named。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
56. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧) 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11 处起）不计分。
It’s three months since I hear from you last time. Now I want to tell you impressive story happen in my first lesson. On hearing the bell, the students ran into the classroom as quick as they could. And Li Ming stood outside of the classroom, crying silently. He told me that his mother was ill and he had to buy some medicine for him. At the same time, he apologized to me for his lateness. I praised him for his deeds and asked the students to sing a song naming Mother together. That I experienced that day has become one of the most unforgettable memory.
【答案】1. hear→heard
2. impressive story前加an
3. happen→happening
4. quick→quickly
5. And→But
6. 去掉of
7. him→her
8. naming→named
9. That→What
10. memory→memories
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在作者的第一节课上，发生的一件令人难忘的事情。
1.考查动词时态。句意：我已经三个月没有收到你的来信了。It is后是表示一段时间的短语，since后通常用一般过去式。故hear改为heard。
2.考查冠词。句意：现在我想告诉你一个发生在我的第一课上的令人印象深刻的故事。此处泛指“一个令人印象深刻的故事”，且impressive首字母发音是元音音素，应用不定冠词an。故impressive story前加an。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。“故事”和“发生”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作定语。故happen改为happening。
4.考查副词。句意：一听到铃声，学生们就以最快的速度跑进教室。修饰动词ran，用副词。故quick改为quickly。
5.考查连词。句意：但是李明站在教室外面，默默地哭泣。根据语境可知，此处与上文形成转折关系，应用连词but，表示“但是”。故And改为But。
6.考查介词。句意同上。Outside介词，表示“在……范围之外”，of多余。故去掉of。
7.考查代词。句意：他告诉我他的母亲病了，他要给她买一些药。根据语境可知，此处指代“李明的母亲”。故him改为her。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：我表扬了他的行为，并让学生们一起唱了一首叫《妈妈》的歌。“歌曲”和“名字”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故naming改为named。
9.考查主语从句。句意：那天我所经历的已经成为最难忘的记忆之一。此处是主语从句，从句缺少experienced的宾语，指代“经历的事情”，应用what引导。故That改为What。
10.考查名词复数。句意同上。固定结构：one of +可数名词复数“……之一”。故memory改为memories。
第二节 书面表达(本题有1小题，共15分)
57. 假定你是精英中学学生会主席李华，你校将于2月25日接待美国某中学的游学团。你受学校委托，给游学团的领队Mr. Green写一封电子邮件，介绍活动安排并征求对方的建议。内容包括:
1. 上午参观学校并交流校园文化；
2. 中午在学校食堂品尝中国传统美食；
3. 下午与你校学生参观本地博物馆；
4. 希望对方给予建议。
注意:
1 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Green,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mr. Green,
I'm Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union at Jingying High School. I'm pleased to know that you are coming to visit our school on February 25. I’m writing to tell you what we have arranged for you.
In the morning, you will be shown around the school, during which we can talk about school life and cultural differences. At noon, you will be invited to have lunch in our school canteen. You can taste dumplings, hot pot and other traditional Chinese food. In the afternoon, students in our school will show you around our local museum, where there are many Chinese antiques. Meanwhile, I sincerely expect your suggestions on the arrangement to make your visit to our school a success and an unforgettable experience.
I hope you will have a nice time here.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国某中学的游学团的领队Mr. Green写一封电子邮件，介绍活动安排并征求对方的建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
参观：visit→look around
邀请：invite→ask
建议：suggestion→advice
同时：meanwhile=at the same time
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：At noon, you will be invited to have lunch in our school canteen. You can taste dumplings, hot pot and other traditional Chinese food.
拓展句：At noon, you will be invited to have lunch in our school canteen, where you can taste dumplings, hot pot and other traditional Chinese food.
【点睛】[高分句型1] In the morning, you will be shown around the school, during which we can talk about school life and cultural differences. (during which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] In the afternoon, students in our school will show you around our local museum, where there are many Chinese antiques. (where引导的非限制性定语从句)
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