【2】中考英语专项复习冠词

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这是一份【2】中考英语专项复习冠词，共4页。

近几年中考对冠词的考查重点是不定冠词a和an的区别，定冠词及零冠词。对冠词的习惯用法的考查是主要考点之一，所以对此类用法一定要熟记在心。另外在学习中，应充分重视对最基本的冠词知识的理解、掌握，同时注意冠词活用的问题。做题时要弄清句子中的单数名词、复数名词或不可数名词及泛指、特指等概念。预计年命题趋势仍可能是定冠词与不定冠词的区别和冠词的习惯用法。
02 定义概念清晰化
冠词是一种虚词，不能在句子中作独立成分，要用在名词的前面，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。它不能离开名词而单独存在，因此，可以说冠词就是名词的一种标志。在英语中，冠词分为不定冠词(a和an)和定冠词(the)两种：不定冠词一般用于单数名词前，表示泛指；定冠词既可修饰可数名词(单复数均可)，又可修饰不可数名词，表示特指。
03 知识归类知识网络化
❶不定冠词a(an)
1.有些单词虽然是以辅音字母开头，但使用不定冠词an。如：hur和hnest以辅音字母h开头，但h并不发音，因此用an。
2.有些单词虽然是以元音字母开头，但使用不定冠词a。如：useful和university以元音字母u开头，但u发/ｊｕ/音，故使用a。
3.表示成套的东西时，两个并列的名词前只能用一个不定冠词。如：
a knife and frk一套刀叉
a table and chair 一套桌椅
4.不可数名词前一般不用冠词，但如果具体化，表示一个具体的情况、动作或某一类事物时，可以用不定冠词a或an。如：
—Have a smke?抽支烟吧？
—N, thanks. I gave up smking lng time ag.不了，谢谢，我早戒了。
Tm started at a walk but sn brke int a run.汤姆开始时步行，但一会儿就奔跑起来了。
【题组训练】
( )1.(2014·来宾)—Wuld yu like____ new blue T-shirt，Mary?
—Srry，Mm. I prefer ______ range ne.
A.a;a B.a;an
C.an;a D.an;an
( )2.(2014·曲靖)—Have yu seen the film Dad，Where Are We Ging?
—Yes.It’s ________ interesting ne.
A.a B.an
C.the D./
( )3.(2014·丽水)Mrs. Smith has ______ 8-year-ld daughter wh has wn tw natinal painting prizes.
A.a B.an
C.the D.不填
( )4.(2014·重庆)I have ______ English dictinary and it helps me a lt.
A.a B.an
C.the D./
( )5.(2014·镇江)We can live a better life if we create ________ less plluted wrld.
A.the B.an
C.a D.不填
❷定冠词the
【题组训练】
( )6.(2014·永州)The little girl began t play _____ vilin at the age f five.
A.a B.the C.不填
( )7.(2014·十堰)—Can yu play ______ guitar?
—Sure. It’s a piece f cake fr me.
A.a B.an
C.the D./
( )8.(2014·嘉兴)—What’s the matter with yu?
—I can’t remember where I parked _________ car.
A.a B.an
C.the D.不填
( )9.(2014·淮安)Beijing is ne f _______ biggest cities in China.
A.a B.an
C.the D./
( )10.(2014·威海)Mm，I like _______ green T-shirt. Culd yu buy it fr me？
A.a B.an
C.the D.不填
❸不用冠词的情况
1.如果三餐名词之前有定语修饰时，可加不定冠词。如：
We had a wnderful lunch.我们吃了一顿很好的午餐。
He gave me a gd supper.他请我吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。
2.如果特指某顿饭时，可加定冠词。如：
The supper was different frm that ne.这顿饭和那顿饭不同。
Hw did yu like the dinner they gave?你们觉得他们提供的饭怎么样？
3.如果季节、月份或日期名词被一个限定词修饰时，前面可加定冠词。如：
He came t Beijing in the winter f 1999.他是1999年冬天来北京的。
I bught the bike in the May f 2004.这辆自行车是我2004年的5月份买的。
4.由festival组成的中国特有的节日前要加定冠词the。如：the Spring Festival春节；the Lantern Festival 元宵节。
5.某些短语中有无冠词the，意义会大不相同。如：
(1)g t schl去上学；g t the schl到(所指)的学校去
(2)at table用餐，在吃饭；at the table在桌边
(3)in hspital生病住院；in the hspital 在医院里(并非生病住院)
(4)in frnt f在……前面(范围之外)；in the frnt f 在……前部(范围之内)
(5)by sea(=by ship)乘船，走水路；by the sea 在海边
(6)in class在上课；in the class在班上
(7)in place f替代；in the place f 在……地方
【题组训练】
( )11.(2014·内江)—Wuld yu like t cme t my party this afternn?
—I’d like t，but my mther is ill in ____ hspital，I will g t____ hspital t see her.
A.不填;a B.a;the
C.the；the D.不填;the
( )12.(2014·兰州)She likes playing _____ pian; her brther likes playing _____ basketball.
A.the;a B.a:the
C./;the D.the;/
( )13.(2014·邵阳)The yung man in a blue cat is my PE teacher. He ften plays _________basketball with us.
A.the B.a C./
( )14.(2014·泰州)Lu Jailed，14，frm ______ Hangzhu Freign Language Schl，wn _________ first place in the CCTV Character Spelling Cntest(中国汉字听写大会).
A./;the B.a;the C.a;a D./;a
( )15.(2014·广东)Eric is nt ging t Nanjing by ______ plane. Instead，he is taking _________ train.
A./;a B.a;/ C.a;the D.the;a
04 整合集训反馈层级化
( )1.David is frm _____ Eurpean cuntry and he is _______hnest by.
A.a;a B.a;an C.an;a D.an;an
( )2.Beijing is _____ capital f China and it is _____ city with many places f interest.
A.a;a B.a;the C.the;a D.the;the
( )3.—Wuld yu like sme dumplings fr ______ supper?
—But we just had dumplings n _______ Tuesday.
A.a;the B.the;a C.a;a D./;/
( )4.—What was Prfessr Wang ding at this time yesterday?
—She was giving her students ____ lessn n ____ histry.
A.a;/ B.a;an C.the;the D.the;a
( )5. _____Whites were watching TV when _____ telephne rang.
A.A;a B.A;the C.The;the D./;a
( )6.—Why did yu laugh just nw?
—Dad wanted t tell me ____ very funny stry, but he frgt ____ end himself.
A.a;an B.an;the C.the;a D.a;the
( )7.—Hw was ______ dinner at Mike’s huse?
—It was great.Mike’s mum is ______wnderful ck.
A.a;the B.the;a C.the;the D.a;an
( )8.He has tried twice, and he is asked t have ______ third try.
A.the B.a C.an D./
( )9.—Excuse me.D yu have any bks abut _____ mn?
—Yes,they are n ______ shelf ver there.
A.a;a B.a;the C.the;/ D.the;the
( )10.I like playing ____ chess,while my brther is interested in listening t _____ music.
A./;/ B.the;the C.the;/ D.a;the
( )11.There is _____ airprt in ur city,and it is _____ first ne in ur prvince.
A.a;the B.an;/ C.a;/ D.an;the
( )12.—There’s _____ ball n the grund. Wuld yu please pass ______ ball t me?
—With pleasure.
A.the;the B.the;a
C.a;a D.a;the
( )13.We have raised a lt f mney fr _____ pr in ur cuntry.
A.an B./ C.a D.the
( )14.We usually g t ____ schl n weekdays,and smetimes g t _____cinema at weekends.
A./;the B.the;the
C.the;/ D./;/
( )15.—Hw lng des it take us t g t yur hmetwn frm here?
—It takes yu ______ hur r mre t g t my hmetwn by _______ train.
A.an;a B.a;a C.an;/ D.a;/
( )16.—Where are my shes,Mum?
—I’ve washed them fr yu.Yu have t wear _____ different pair.
A.the B.a C.an D./
( )17.—Lk!There is ____ useful bk n the desk.
— _____bk must be Lucy’s.She left there just nw.
A.a;The B.the;The
C.an;The D.an;A
( )18.—Can Xie Xiajun play _____ pian?
—Yes.She can play a little. She has made _____ decisin t learn t play mre music.
A.the;the B.a;a
C.a;an D.the;a
( )19.—I have gt _____ A fr my English Mummy.
—Oh,by,yu have really given me _______ pleasant surprise.
A.an;/ B.an;a C.a;the D.a;/
( )20.—Many yung peple are interested in _____ secrets behind Liu Qian’s magic.
—Me,t.I think he has ______ creative mind.
A./;a B./;the
C.the;a D.the;the
( )21.—What ______ bad weather it is tday!
—Yes, _______weather makes me s sad.
A.a;a B ./;the
C.an;the D.the;a
( )22.—Yu knw, Ya Ming used t be ____ NBA player,but nw he is ______ bss.
—N matter what he des,I like him very much.
A.a;an B.an;a C.a;a D.an;an
( )23.—Hw d yu knw Mr.Black is ______ fficer,Mary?
—Frm his clthes.He’s wearing _____ unifrm tday.
A.an;an B.an;a
C.a;an D.a;a
( )24.Stp shuting in the classrm,little Michael.Dn’t be ______ implite by!
A.a B.an C.the D./
( )25.—Have yu ever been t Taiwan?
—Yes.It is _____ largest island in China. It’s ____ wnderful place t travel.
A.a;a B.the;a
C.a;the D.the;the
分类图解
用法
例子
1.a用在辅音音素前，an用在元音音素前。
This is a useful bk.
He is an hnest by.
2.用于第一次提到的、表示人或物的可数的单数名词前，表示“一个”，相当于ne。
Here is a map f the United States.
I have a stry bk.
3.用在可数的、单数形式的普通名词前，表示价格、速度、时间、频率等度量上的“每一”等。
An apple a day keeps the dctr away.
We take cmputer lessns nce a week.
4.抽象名词在某些情况下可以与不定冠词连用，表示“一种、一场”等。
It’s a pleasure t have a chat with yu.
5.用在单数名词前，表示一类人或物中的任何一个。
The sun is a star.
A knife is used fr cutting.
6.用在序数词前表示“又一、再一”等。
He cpied the article a third time.
7.用于固定短语中。
have a lk, a lt f, have a gd time, a little, a few
特例清单
分类图解
用法
例子
1.用于谈话双方都清楚的名词前，表示特指。
Tm, cme t the blackbard, please.
2.用于再次被提到的名词前。
There is a bk n the desk. The bk is Tm’s.
3.和一些名词连用，表示类别。
The light bulb was invented by Edisn.
4.用于被形容词、介词短语或定语从句修饰的名词前。
Hand me the new bk, please.
5.用于形容词的最高级或序数词前。
Tm is the tallest in ur class.
6.用在世界上独一无二的事物或乐器前。
the sun, the mn, play the pian
7.用于姓氏的复数前表示“一家人”或“夫妇”。
The Turners are at breakfast table.
8.与某些形容词连用表示一类人或事物。
The yung shuld help the ld.
9.用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
the Great Wall, the United States
10.用于一些固定短语中。
by the way, in the end
分类图解
用法
例子
1.在专有名词或不可数名词前。
Paper is made f wd.
2.名词前有指示代词、物主代词或不定代词作定语。
G alng this rad.
Every student likes English in ur class.
3.复数名词表示一类人或事物时。
My parents are teachers.
4.在节日、日期、月份、季节前。
Tday is Children’s Day.
It’s ht in summer.
5.在一日三餐、球类运动、学科的名词前。
He went t schl withut breakfast.
Let’s play ftball after schl.
6.在某些固定短语中。
in bed, in hspital, n ft, at schl
特例清单
参考答案：
(二)冠词
题组训练
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整合集训
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