2021届高考英语预测押题卷专题汇编（新课标全国卷） 阅读理解说明文与议论文（原卷+解析卷）

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（一）

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

C
For many white-collar workers around the world, the recent pandemic has meant having to work from home. Their usual office location has been out of bounds . This means different working practices, which have advantages and disadvantages for employees. But the big question is, “Will they ever see their offices again?”
Home working has made people realize what tasks they can perform at home, rather than enduring a commute to the office to do the same thing. It has given them more time with the family; they’ve been sleeping better and have saved money by not travelling or buying lunches on the go . And recent research suggests the majority of people working from home are just as productive.
For some people, this could be a permanent arrangement. In the UK, fifty of the biggest employers questioned by BBC, have said they have no plans to return all staff to the office full-time in the near future. Of course, one main reason is that firms couldn’t see a way of accommodating large numbers of staff while social distancing regulations were still in place. But BBC also heard from some smaller businesses who are deciding to abandon their offices altogether. Other bigger companies are also looking at shutting offices to save money as many jobs can be performed remotely. Peter Cheese, head of the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, told BBC: “We’re at a moment of real change in the world of work, driven by big existential crises. ”
But this isn’t great news for everyone. Some employees can feel isolated at home, and there’s less opportunity to network or learn from other people, especially if they’re a new recruit . Also, city centers may suffer most from a change in working habits. Shops and cafes rely on the footfall of office workers, and without them, they face closure. The future is still uncertain, which is why tt may be too early to say where our desks will be permanently located. But the office of the future may be your home.
28. What does the underlined phrase “a commute to the office” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. The journey to and back from the office.
B. The distance between the office partners.
C. A communication from the office.
D. A call at the office.
29. According to the text, which is NOT the benefit of working from home?
A. More time to accompany the family.
B. Less money on lunches on the go .
C. A better sleep.
D. Higher efficiency.
30. What can we infer from paragraph 3?
A. Half employers will tire their staff.
B. Large numbers of staff will leave office.
C. Some employees won’t see their offices again.
D. Firms couldn’t deal with social distancing regulations.
31. What could be the best title for this text?
A. Does Working From Home Benefit a Lot?
B. Will Offices Disappear in the Future?
C. The Usual Office Location Has Been out of Bounds
D. Different Working Practices Have Advantages and Disadvantages


D
Can you imagine a world without music? Studies show that public schools across the country are cutting back on music classes to save money. Worse, some schools have never had music classes to begin with. But without them, students' academic growth and emotional health could suffer. In fact, music classes are necessary for all students in schools.
Recent studies by Brown University have shown that students who received music education classes were better in math and reading skills than those without music classes. Another study by The College Board found that students taking music and art classes got higher points. Students' academic success seems to depend on their taking part in music education.
Music programs in public schools also help to add to a student's sense of pride and self－confidence. Teens today have too many learning tasks. Besides, they have family problems, self－confidence problems, relationship troubles, and choices about drugs and alcohol. All of these can stop academic success, but music education can help. A study by The Texas Commission on Drug and Alcohol Abuse found that students who took part in school music programs were less likely to turn to drugs. Music programs encourage students to work together to produce an excellent performance.
Music crosses language, class, cultural and political boundaries (界限). Music allows students from different countries to connect. For example, at a school talent show, a new Japanese student played a piano duet (二重奏) with an American classmate. Although they could not communicate verbally (口头上), they were able to read the music in order to play the duet. Two students from different cultures worked as a team with self－confidence and common purpose through music.
The gift of music is priceless. We need to be sure to have necessary music classes for all students. The world is losing its music, and putting music into schools is the first step to get it back.
32. Education with music classes could ________.
A. waste a lot more money from parents
B. help students improve their school work
C. lead to a lot of emotional problems easily
D. have a bad influence on the quality of education
33. The two studies seem to show that ________.
A. students with great success attended music lessons
B. not all students took part in music lessons
C. music plays an important role in students' success
D. students having music classes are better in all lessons
34. The example in Paragraph 4 mainly suggests that ________.
A. Japan has a good international relationship with America
B. different cultures have different styles of music
C. music makes cross－border communication possible
D. Japanese and American students are good at playing the piano
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. Music—a bridge to understanding
B. How to get music back
C. The importance of listening to music
D. Music education in schools



（二）

C
The health benefits of staying active are already well－known. It can help you manage weight, keep blood sugar levels down and reduce risk factors for heart disease.
Now, a new study suggests that regularly playing sports, especially badminton or tennis, is not only healthy but also reduces your risk of death, at any age, by approximately 50%. This is a big scale population study to explore the health benefits of sports in terms of death rate. The study evaluated responses from 80, 306 adults aged 30 and above in England and Scotland, who were surveyed about their health, lifestyle and exercise patterns.
After adjusting factors such as age, sex, weight, smoking habits, alcohol use, education and other forms of exercise besides the named sports, the researchers compared the risk of death among people who took part in a sport to those who didn’t. The percentage of reduced risk of death was found to be: 47% for racket(球拍) sports, 28% for swimming and 15% for cycling.
In addition to this, the study didn’t find any significant reduction in the risk for sports like running and football. The findings also exposed that over 44% of the participants met the guidelines for the recommended exercise levels to stay fit and healthy, which amounts to 150 minutes of moderate(适度的) physical activity in a week.
Does this mean you stop running or playing football and switch to tennis instead? Every kind of sport and physical activity has different physical, social and mental benefits attached to it. The apparent lack of benefits of running and football could result from several variables that were not taken into account.
Being active helps you feel happier and live longer. So, the most important step is to take part in any kind of sport that you are likely to enjoy and follow in the long term.
28. How is the study conducted?
A. By doing comparative experiments.
B. By analyzing previous data.
C. By evaluating survey information.
D. By tracking participants for a long time.
29. What does the underlined part “the named sports” refer to?
A. Ball sports.　　　　 B. Racket sports.
C. Individual sports. D. Traditional sports.
30. What can we infer from Paragraph 5?
A. Few people will play football.
B. Tennis will become more popular.
C. The result of this study is wrong.
D. The study needs to be further improved.
31. What does the author advise people to do?
A. Stick to any sport that you like.
B. Play badminton and tennis only.
C. Stop running and playing football.
D. Do any sport according to guidelines.

D
If businesses are to get those workers unwilling to go back to work to their position, finding ways to keep people who work together or meet at social gatherings between 2 to more than 2 meters will be the issue that needs handling badly. An Israeli company thinks it can help, using smart sensors hung on workplace ceilings.
PointGrab developed its technology before the pandemic to help workspace managers optimize (优化)how employees use office space. About the size of a smoke alarm, the sensors can record the exact number and location of people in buildings including offices, hotels and restaurants.
One of the company’s first clients was Deloitte, which installed the system at its flagship London office last year, Point Grab's sensors were connected to screens in the building to show the availability of desks and shared areas in real time. PointGrab CEO Doron Shachar says it was one of a range of innovations that helped Deloitte fit 30% more people into 3% less space.
Now PointGrab has adapted the technology so the sensors can also monitor social distancing by keeping track of how far apart people are, and whether they're traveling in one direction around a building. Workspace managers can set up alerts for when two people are closer than two meters for more than 30 seconds, for example.
The sensors have been included in the "six feet office" concept created by real estate services company Cushman & Wakefield to encourage employees to practice social distancing. They are currently being used in this way at a university in the Netherlands, and at an innovation hub in Belgium.
While the social distancing innovation is new, PointGrab has deployed more than 10, 000 sensors for workspace optimization, including in the offices of Coca-cola, Facebook and Dell.
Workers might not like the idea, but PointGrab says no images or identifying features are recorded. Instead, each employee is represented as an anonymous dot on a dashboard. "The sensor does not violate people's privacy, Shachar says. " This is extremely important in the workspace.”
32. What is the key to getting the workers back into the office now?
A.Maintaining social distance B.Minding their own business
C.Offering more social interactions D.Keeping workplace ceilings clean
33. What does the underlined word "deployed " in Paragraph 6 probably mean?
A.Delayed B.Inserted C.Chaired D.Fixed
34. What can workers expect of smart sensors according to the text?
A.They could stop the viruses from spreading
B.They may help reduce energy consumption
C.They can protect their privacy effectively.
D.They will help record their images clearly
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.Smart Sensors-a Way to Monitor the Workers in the Office
B.Smart Sensors - Tool to Track Social Distancing in the Office
C.PointGrab -a Pioneer to Use Smart Sensors in the Office
D. 2 or more than 2 Meters-a Suitable Social Distancing


（三）


C
Small talk has a reputation for being uninteresting, and for good reason. Pointing out the fact that it’s raining seems as ridiculous as pointing out the fact that you have a head—you’re fully aware of both things, and don’t require an outsider to confirm them. But despite being evident and often painfully dull, small talk has an important role to fulfil, enabling us to leap over a number of social obstacles towards improved, meaningful interaction.
Humans can be sensitive souls. We each have our boundaries and lists of potential upsets, which when broken, cause us to either gently back away to an alternative position in the room, or become cross at the person. Small talk is first a way to test the waters with an unfamiliar person, so that you may better understand their personality. When finding yourself positioned closely to a person who you know little about, it’s much safer to point out the rainy sky than to share your political views on a sensitive topic. Until you know the person better, heavier topics should probably be kept under wraps, so you won’t find yourself on the receiving end of a cold stare.
Though insignificant, small talk still has great power. When talking with fellow humans, much of our soul is exposed through non-verbal communication. A response to “how was your weekend” can unveil much about the person’s character. The length of their response might indicate their level of self-confidence; the tone of speaking might show how agreeable a person is; their slightly lowered head, as if protecting themselves from attack, a possible sign of a regrettable history of bullying.
As more of a person’s character is revealed, we have the insight needed to determine whether to broach more significant topics—the things that we actually want to talk about. Conversation is a great educator, and deep conversation establish lasting bonds with our fellow humans, forming precious friendships that paint our lives with vibrant colors. Such friendships begin with small talk.
28. What is described in the first paragraph?
A. The first stage of human interaction.
B. Ridiculous human behavior in communication.
C. Absence of communication between strangers.
D. The difficulty of having deep conversations.
29. Why do people find themselves “on the receiving end of a cold stare”?
A. Because they are fond of heavy subjects.
B. Because they are enthusiastic about politics.
C. Because they are too sensitive about topics.
D. Because they fail to manage interpersonal distance.
30. What might be a sign of friendliness according to paragraph 3?
A. The length of the answer. B. The quality of the voice.
C. The position of the head. D. The distance between speakers.
31. What might be the best title for the text?
A. Reputation of Small Talk B. Ways of Understanding Personality
C. Significance of Small Talk D. Challenges of Deep Conversation

D
The company SpaceX has already launched hundreds of its Star-link satellites, with plans to put as many as 42,000 of them in Earth orbit. Its goal is to provide high-speed Internet to billions of people. Moving toward that kind of access is important, but it comes at a cost. Glittering with reflected sunlight, these first orbiters, sent up in the past year, are brighter than 99 percent of the 5,000 or so other satellites now circling Earth, and obviously there are going to be a lot more. This sudden increase is bad for astronomy: the probability of a Star- link satellite crossing a telescope’s field of view and ruining an observation will be quite high near sunset. For that reason, my fellow astronomers have signed a petition (请愿书) calling for governments to protect the night sky from this invasion.
In response to protests, SpaceX has promised to address the visibility problem by, for example, applying experimental coatings — essentially painting the satellites black — but the company’s aggressive launch schedule remains unchanged. And the satellites’ illuminated (被照亮) surfaces are mostly their solar panels—exactly the part that cannot be painted over.
Unfortunately, at present no regulations govern how bright a single satellite can be, let alone thousands of them together. Even if there were such regulations, one nation’s laws can not hinder (阻碍) another country’s launches. Space literally has no borders, and the sky will need to be protected at an international level. As a consequence, we hope that the United Nations will find a way to think outside of the box to save the sky for everyone.
When I was growing up in Montana, it was a game to be the first to find a moving satellite among the host of stars in the night sky. Soon it could be a game to recognize the constellations (星座) behind a swarm of moving points of light.
32. What is the writer’s attitude toward Space X’s launching plans?
A. Indifferent. B. Doubtful. C. Optimistic. D. Disapproving.
33. Why have my fellow astronomers signed the petition?
A. SpaceX plans to send too many Star-line satellites into space.
B. The Star-line satellites will possibly ruin an observation near sunset.
C. The first orbiters are brighter than most of other satellites circling Earth.
D. Space X fails to provide high-speed Internet to people around the world.
34. According to the author, who should shoulder the responsibility to save the sky?
A. The United States. B. The United Nations.
C. The company SpaceX. D. Just one nation.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Preserve the Night Sky B. Ban Star-line Satellites
C. Observe the Stars Attentively D. Protest against Space X



（四）


C
A sleepover (过夜) program, which is designed to make kids believe that their favorite toys enjoy reading, can help encourage children to pick up more books, a new study suggests.
Toys sleepover programs are designed to get children interested in books. Children take their toys to a library for the night. At this point, workers and volunteers take photos of the toys which explore the library and read books. The next day, the children collect their toys and the photos of what the toys did during the night. They are given the books their toys chose to read.
It was found that before the sleepover the children did not spend time looking at the books in their play area at preschool. Immediately after the sleepover, the number of children who read to the toys was higher than the number who did not, but after three days the effect decreased gradually.
The researchers also tested a method for sustaining the effect. They reminded the children of the sleepover a month later, by hiding the toys and showing them the photos again the next day. This simple method brought an increase in the number of children reading to their toys.
The study proves for the first time that children who take part in sleepover programs read picture books to their toys more. “We wanted to know if there really was an effect, and if so, how long it lasts. Surprisingly, not only did the children show interest in the books, but they also began to read to their toys. This means that a new behavior pattern appeared that the children hadn’t had before. We did not expect anything like this,” said one of the researchers.
Reading is important for the development of children’s language skills and imagination. When parents read to their children, it is a passive way of reading for the child. However, when children read to their toys, it is a more active, self-directed way of reading, helping them develop into more active readers, researchers said.
28. What is the purpose of the sleepover program?
A. To develop children’s language skills.
B. To help children to sleep well.
C. To encourage children to read more.
D. To guide children to form a good sleeping habit.
29. What do children do in the sleepover program?
A. Go around the library with their toys.
B. Sleep with their toys.
C. Read together with their toys.
D. Take their toys to the library.
30. The underlined word “sustaining” in paragraph 4 can be replaced by______.
A. keeping B. testing C. surveying D. showing
31. What made the researchers surprised after the study of the sleepover program?
A. Children showed no interest in the books.
B. The effect of the sleepover program could last long.
C. Children began to read to their toys on their own.
D. Whether the sleepover program had an effect remained unknown.
D
When I sat down at my kitchen table at the tail end of winter to write my first column under lockdown, I didn't t think I would still be there come midsummer. That piece was about the health benefits of contact with nature and how to get them in a locked-down world.
I was reminded of this last week during a bike ride with my wife through the still-quiet streets of central London. We swung through St James’s Park and stopped at the lake to admire the pelicans(鹈鹕). The sun was shining, the water was clear and the big, ungainly birds were splendidly alien. It was a painful reminder of our decision to cancel a planned holiday to Greece, and with it the hope of seeing wild Dalmatian pelicans.
Thankfully, the country I am stuck in is becoming increasingly exotic(异国情调的). The pandemic has done little to slow Britain’s accelerating rewilding movement. In the past few months, we have heard that European bison will soon be coming to Kent, that pine martens are making a comeback in England and that a pair of white storks at the Knepp Estate in West Sussex have successfully raised chicks---the first wild storks to breed in Britain for more than 500 years.
Two major rewilding projects have also been announced during lockdown. Solar power entrepreneur Jeremy Leggett has bought a 500-hectare estate in the Highlands of Scotland to restore nature there, and farmers in East Anglia are planning to turn over 250, 000 hectares of intensively farmed agricultural land that could one day support lynx, beavers and, yes, pelicans.
Rewilding is largely a matter of humans getting out of the way and letting nature take charge. That, of course, has been happening due to the sudden suspension of life as we know it --- a period that group of biologists has proposed calling the anthropause.
We know that the anthropause has benefited the environment in multiple ways, but its influence on wildlife isn’t yet clear. There have been reports of wild animals venturing into cities: pumas in Santiago, wild boar in Barcelona. But these are small and temporary incursions(进入). What lessons can we learn as we come out of this period and try to build better world?
To answer this question, conservation biologists have set up an international project called the COVID-19 Bio-Logging Initiative. The scientists plan to analyse animal movement and distribution before, during and after the anthropause to determine exactly how human activity affects them, and then, once life can return to normal, to apply those lessons to the global rewilding movement.
“Nobody is asking for humans to stay in permanent lockdown, but we may discover that relatively minor changes to our lifestyles and transport networks can potentially have significant benefits for both ecosystems and humans,” says Martin Wikelski, one of the project’s leaders.
32. What inspired the author to write his current column?
A. The quiet streets. B. The beautiful lake.
C. His wife’s suggestion. D. His seeing the pelicans.
33. What do the examples of European bison, pine martens and white storks show?
A. The bad influence of the pandemic.
B. The harmony among exotic animals.
C. The future of the UK’s endangered animals.
D. The results of the rewilding movement.
34. What is the purpose of the COVID-19 Bio-Logging Initiative?
A. To call for global efforts to fight COVID-19.
B. To evaluate the influence of the anthropause on wildlife.
C. promote the rewilding concept all around the world.
D. To figure out ways to protect animals during COVID-19.
35. What is Martin Wikelski’s opinion?
A. Lockdown is beneficial to humans.
B. The anthropause will last for a long time.
C. Human activity has an influence on rewilding.
D. The COVID-19 Bio-Logging Initiative will be successful.


（五）

C
In advance of World Book Day on April 23, the Chinese Academy of Press and Publication released its 17th annual report on the study of Chinese people’s reading habits on Monday.
Based on a survey that ranged from August 2019 to February 2020, the report showed 81.1 percent of adult Chinese surveyed have a habit of reading, whether in print or on digital devices, a slight increase of 0.3 percent from 2018. Wei Yushan, director of the academy, said the survey covered 55 cities and towns in the country and it can credibly represent the situation of the whole population.
In 2019, adult Chinese read on average 4.65 books in print and 2.84 digital books, while in 2018 it was 4.67 and 3.32, a small drop for both.
While the report said most Chinese feel they’re not satisfied with the amount of books they read in a year. 11.1 percent read more than 10 books in print, and 7.6 percent more than 10 e－books. As for children and young people under 17, the results are more encouraging, according to Wei. The survey revealed they read 10.36 books a year on average, 1.45 more than in 2018.
Audio(有声的) books are attracting more Chinese, as 30.3 percent of adults and 34.7 percent of minors had a habit of listening to audio books in 2019, increasing by 4.3 and 8.5 percent compared to 2018. The report found mobile phones were the top choice of medium when Chinese people read. On average, adults spent 100.41 minutes a day on mobile phones, 15.54 minutes more than in 2018.
A closer look at the report shows people’s priority when using the Internet was to socialize(60.2 percent), followed by getting news(59 percent) and enjoying video clips(56.9 percent). Only 20.5 percent of them used it to connect to books, newspapers or journals.
Still, there’s good news in the data from younger readers. Wei said 94.3 percent of Chinese families with children under 8 had a habit of reading, and parents spent almost 25 minutes every day reading with their kids, 2.37 minutes more than in 2018.
28. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A. The 17th World Book Day will be celebrated on April 23.
B. The report is released every year by the Chinese Academy of Press and Publication.
C. More than 80% of the adult Chinese prefer to read on digital devices than in print.
D. The survey was conducted throughout the country in 2019.
29. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Kids and teenagers. B. Adults.
C. Students. D. The results.
30. What can be inferred from Paragraph 5?
A. Chinese people spent more time reading audio books in 2018 than in 2019.
B. The report indicates Chinese readers’ growing interest in online reading.
C. There was a drop in the number of books read by average adult Chinese in 2018.
D. More Chinese readers tend to read through the mobile phones.
31. What is Wei Yushan’s attitude toward the data from younger readers?
A. Unclear. B. Positive. C. Skeptical. D. Casual.

D
Children born in the past four decades had the luxury of being the center of their parents’ attention. The entire family’s resources were poured into their education and well-being.
However，when the same resources are split between two children，the amount distributed to each one is going to shrink.
According to the Hangzhou Daily，when there are two children in the family，parents tend to choose public schools instead of private schools，which are usually more expensive. Each child is enrolled in fewer after-school training classes.
But having a second child may cure some deep-rooted problems in China’s traditional family education.
Having two children in the family can help to prevent one child being spoiled by too much attention，according to People’s Daily. It also spares the only child from the pressure of shouldering parental expectations all alone. Taking care of a sibling also enables children to gain a sense of responsibility，cooperation，obedience and caring.
China’s public education system is also expected to shift. Currently，there are not enough vacancies in kindergarten and schools to accommodate the potential increase in children.
“It’s not only the enrollment capacity of educational institutions that will feel the pressure. People are also placing more emphasis on the quality of education，”Peng Xizhe， director of the Population and Development Research Policy Center at Fudan University，told China Education Daily.
He predicts the government may have to invest more to support the educational system as a result of the new family planning measure.
32. What can children benefit from a two-child family?
A. They can have less pressure. B. They can study in private schools.
C. They can get much more attention. D. They can take more after-school training classes.
33. Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “accommodate”?
A. hold B. adapt C. solve D. consider
34. What can we infer from Peng Xizhi’s words?
A. People are placing more emphasis on the quality of education.
B. The government may have to invest more to support the educational system.
C. The new family planning measure will challenge the current educational system.
D. The educational institutions will feel the pressure that their capacity is not enough.
35. What is the purpose of this text?
A. To show benefits of owning two children.
B. To persuade people to bear more children.
C. To encourage people to have only one child.
D. To introduce the impact of two-child policy.




（六）

C
The health benefits of staying active are already well－known. It can help you manage weight, keep blood sugar levels down and reduce risk factors for heart disease.
Now, a new study suggests that regularly playing sports, especially badminton or tennis, is not only healthy but also reduces your risk of death, at any age, by approximately 50%. This is a big scale population study to explore the health benefits of sports in terms of death rate. The study evaluated responses from 80, 306 adults aged 30 and above in England and Scotland, who were surveyed about their health, lifestyle and exercise patterns.
After adjusting factors such as age, sex, weight, smoking habits, alcohol use, education and other forms of exercise besides the named sports, the researchers compared the risk of death among people who took part in a sport to those who didn’t. The percentage of reduced risk of death was found to be: 47% for racket(球拍) sports, 28% for swimming and 15% for cycling.
In addition to this, the study didn’t find any significant reduction in the risk for sports like running and football. The findings also exposed that over 44% of the participants met the guidelines for the recommended exercise levels to stay fit and healthy, which amounts to 150 minutes of moderate(适度的) physical activity in a week.
Does this mean you stop running or playing football and switch to tennis instead? Every kind of sport and physical activity has different physical, social and mental benefits attached to it. The apparent lack of benefits of running and football could result from several variables that were not taken into account.
Being active helps you feel happier and live longer. So, the most important step is to take part in any kind of sport that you are likely to enjoy and follow in the long term.
28. How is the study conducted?
A. By doing comparative experiments. B. By analyzing previous data.
C. By evaluating survey information. D. By tracking participants for a long time.
29. What does the underlined part “the named sports” refer to?
A. Ball sports.　　　　 B. Racket sports.
C. Individual sports. D. Traditional sports.
30. What can we infer from Paragraph 5?
A. Few people will play football. B. Tennis will become more popular.
C. The result of this study is wrong. D. The study needs to be further improved.
31. What does the author advise people to do?
A. Stick to any sport that you like. B. Play badminton and tennis only.
C. Stop running and playing football. D. Do any sport according to guidelines.

D
In New York City public schools, 176 different languages are spoken among the more than 1 million students. For 160,000 children, English is not their first language. New York's Department of Education makes learning better for these students by providing dual-language(双语) programmes.
    Students are taught in two languages, English and another one, like Russian or Chinese. Maths, social studies, science and all other regular courses are taught in both languages so that they could learn about the culture of the other countries.
    Milady Baez is Deputy Chancellor of English Language Learners and Student Support. She says, "The jobs of the future require that our students know more than one language. They are going to be travelling abroad; they are going to be communicating with people from all over the world. This will open doors for them."
    Middle-schoolers might not have jobs on their minds yet. For Kequing Jaing, she likes keeping up her first language, Mandarin. "It makes me feel that I am home because I can speak in Chinese and learn in Chinese, while learning in English. So it makes me feel better and makes me understand more about the task I'm learning."
    Anastasia Hudikova came to the United States when she was two years old. She says the Russian-English programme keeps her connected to her heritage(文化遗产) and her parents.
    The New York schools also offer dual-language programmes in seven other languages: Arabi, French, Haitian Creole, Hebrew, Korean, Polish and Spanish. There are plans to add even more languages in the future. While these dual-language programmes are popular, educators in the US say that teaching English comes first. Anyway English is the official language of the United States. Studies show that children who learn English early will be more successful later.
32. Why are many courses of public schools in New York City taught in both languages?
A.To get the students to know about the cultures of other countries.
B.To encourage more students to go abroad to study further.
C.To attract more students to study in the public schools.
D.To show the advantages of studying in the public schools.
33. How does the text introduce the fact that it's important to learn different languages?
A.By making comparisons B.By listing people's attitudes.
C.By making the situation clear. D.By giving some numbers.
34.What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.More languages have been added to the New York City schools.
B.It's unnecessary to learn more languages in New York City.
C.English should be a must though different languages are taught.
D.English is spoken by the largest number of people in the world.
35.What is the best title of the passage?
A.English, Out of Date? B.The Newest Fashion in New York City
C.The Education in New York City D.Dual-language, to Be or Not?



（七）

C
A roadside system that detects if a mobile phone is in use in a passing vehicle is being tested in the UK first. Despite being unable to tell whether the driver is using the phone, it is hoped that it will act as a warning to people who make calls behind the wheel. The technology picks up the phone signal in the vehicle and activates a roadside warning sign of a mobile phone with a red line through it.
The system cannot tell the difference between a driver and a passenger on a bus, but to some degree it can warn drivers that they can be detected using their phones. Using a directional antenna (天线)，the detector picks up radio waves produced by a phone handset, and measures the signal strength and length of them. When a signal is detected of duration (持续时间) long enough and signal strength strong enough to set off the system, the detector activates the warning sign. The detector is able to distinguish Bluetooth connections or hands-free devices which, when picked up, will prevent the activation.
While this new system is no replacement for a police officer catching someone in the act, it could be enough to make some drivers think twice- and that has to be a positive step forward. However, just as technology has enabled the problem of drivers using mobile phones illegally, it can also be a big part of the solution in getting people to stop. Statistics from the devices will be shared with Norfolk Police, the county council said. The council said that enabling the system to record specific number plates could be a "future development".
Using a mobile phone at the wheel is one of the four road crimes which can have horrible consequences if it causes a deadly or serious car crash. Law enforcement (执行) technology has been falling behind for a decade and not made any easier by motor producers that encourage users to plug in their phones even before driving.
28．Why is the roadside system used according to Paragraph 1?
A．To send out cellphone signals to drivers.
B．To detect drivers' illegal use of cellphone.
C．To monitor people's use of phones while driving.
D．To warm people against using pones while driving.
29．How does the detector of the roadside system work?
A．It measures the length of the phone. B．It warns drivers with a phone in hand.
C．It picks up radio waves from handsets. D．It activates the vehicle's Bluetooth system.
30．What does the text suggest drivers do with the road warning sign?
A．Swift to Bluetooth while driving. B．Have a close watch of road signs.
C．Avoid being picked up by detectors. D．Stop using a hands-free mobile phone.
31．What will the county council probably do in the future?
A．Share the devices with the police. B．Make the system more advanced.
C．Replace the police with the new system. D．Take steps to settle road safety problems.

D
As spring arrives, farmers around the world are making decisions about what crops to plant and how to manage them. In the U. S., farmers typically have big data to help make these decisions. These data have a clear upside. They make farms more productive. In the U.S., the past five years have seen a series of good harvests for both corn and soybean. A big part is generated by effectively using data to produce more food from the same amount of land, seed and fertilizer.
In the poorer parts of the world, however, the picture is much different. Many farmers are guided only by their history with the land and their community's traditions. Their skills and knowledge are impressive, but they suffer from a poverty of data. They rely on technical advisors for advice from governments and academic centers who often have very little knowledge of the local area. For seeds and fertilizers and other materials used in the field, they rely on companies that lack data on how their products will perform in the local conditions.
About 10 years ago, East African officials and their development partners started to explore why so few smallholder dairy farmers made profits from growing demand from urban consumers. Surveys of farmers in the region suggested poor access to veterinary(禽畜的) care and breeding assistance. An effort to provide these services has helped farmers get more milk.
Data would matter little if farming was easy and the paths to productivity were obvious. But in reality, agriculture is a complex mix of many factors, including climate, biology, chemistry, physics, economics and culture—all of which vary from region to region. In this situation, good data is necessary.
32. How has big data benefited American's farmers?
A. By informing the farmers to plant crops earlier.
B. By increasing the amount of land for farming.
C. By producing more seeds and fertilizer.
D. By helping make farms more productive.
33.What do farmers in poor countries need to improve their farming?
A. Farming skills. B. Big data. C. Technical guidance. D. Farming materials
34.Why does the writer mention the case of East Africa?
A. To serve as an example of how data helps farmers in poor areas.
B. To show that East Africa relies heavily on diary farming.
C. To illustrate cooperation between countries was a great success.
D. To prove that city people in East Africa didn't like drinking milk.
35. What can we learn from the passage?
A. East African dairy farmers were experienced in raising cows.
B. The American farmers can't decide what they will plant.
C. The technical advisors in poor areas know the local areas well.
D. Many changeable factors have influence on farming.


（八）
C
As a CEO of a startup, you get used to hearing"no".You also face an endless continuation of what feels like shocking crises, like nearly running out of cash, losing a key customer,discovering a widespread product failure, or having to shut down operations because of a global pandemic. But it tums out that these disasters can actually be good for you. In fact,I'm not sure whether you can innovate without them. Here's what all our crises have taught me.
It's good to be uncomfortable. We once had a key customer request-a battery capability that we'd never developed before. The customer made it clear that if we couldn't develop this capability, they'd be less confident in our product. We wrestled with the risks, not least of which was the potential embarrassment if we couldn't meet the customer's needs. We knew we'd face many technical problems if we tried to go into operation. Yet we decided to try to satisfy the customer, even if it wasn't obvious at first how we could get it done. A few weeks later we delivered something beyond what the customer had asked for, and we've since grown this capability into a powerful sales tool and potential revenue stream-not to mention it strengthened our relationship with the customer.
Short-term failure is good. A few years ago, our company began to expand our manufacturing output in response to a customer's need. In the process we discovered something unusual we hadn't seen during smaller-scale production. Our team dived into failure analysis, and we finally put the problem down to a single material within the battery. We'd used this material for years, but now we needed a replacement. Once we made that change,the battery quality and reliability greatly improved.
It's okay to show weakness. One of my hardest days as CEO.was the day when I found out I was pregnant.We were in the middle of raising a funding round, and I had been traveling nonstop for a year. Until that day,I had assumed that my role as CEO was to display strength and confidence. With the mounting pressure I was harder on myself than I needed to be, and now I had the added stress of being pregnant.I decided to acknowledge to my team that I was breaking down. They united together and found ways to operate more smoothly and communicate more effectively, supporting me to focus my time on most pressing goals. This gave me not only the space to plan for the company’s future,but also to prepare for my own new normal: leading while becoming a first-time mother.
28. What does the underlined word "then" in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A:Frequent rejections. B.Financial crises.
C.Global pandemics. D.Endless disasters.
29.What does the author want to convey in Paragraph 27
A. Customers' requests should be carefully evaluated.
B.Meeting challenges can bring about extra benefits.
C.The company should keep launching new products.
D.Innovation is the only way to win fierce competition.
30. How does the author prove short-term failure is beneficial?
A. By drawing a comparison. B.By giving an example.
C.By challenging assumptions. D.By doing an experiment.
31. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A.Learn to let go B.Make it as a CEO
C.Think deep sometimes D.Make friends with crises

D
For as long as there have been high school English classes, students have unwillingly written book reports and five-paragraph essays. Today, however, sizable portion of kids devote their after-school time to a different kind of communication activity. As education scholars Michele Knobel and Colin Lankshear write, these “new literacies” include writing fan fiction(同人小说)， blogging and microblogging, and curating(管理) photos --- just to name a few examples.
Many teachers recognize the value of these enthusiastic creative efforts even if they bemoan teenagers’ frequent use of casual and nonstandard English online. To meet students where they are, Knobel and Lankshear suggest starting by understanding how new literacies differ from standard English classwork.
Teenagers who share work online often have a clear, specific idea of who they’re writing for. While traditional classroom assignments are often solitary(单独的) activities, online writing and creative work tends to be collaborative.
The criteria for “good” online writing are also often quite different from the ones teachers have typically used to judge student work. Rather than writing for a generic imagined audience, teenagers who share work online are often clear about who they’re writing for and what the audience already knows about topic. And, rather than catering to single “expert” judge of writing quality (the teacher or test grader), online writers know that their work will be judged by people with varied ideas about what they’re looking for in a piece of writing.
So, how can teachers deal with these highly Internet-literate teens? Knobel and Lankshear suggest that teachers participate in online communities themselves, getting a feel for the kinds of creative spaces their students inhabit. They also recommend rethinking assessment practices. Rather than focusing on final exam results, they suggest frequent, ongoing feedback that mirrors the kinds of response students might receive as they learn a video game or post fan fiction and read comments.
Finally, Knobel and Lankshear write, adapting classroom practices to new literacies isn't simply about catering to students’ interests. It's also about recognizing that online culture is changing the adult world that students will be entering. Some of the skills teens learn from inhabiting online creative spaces may be just as important to their futures as the ones they get from a traditional English curriculum.
32. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “bemoan” in paragraph 2?
A. Admit to. B. Contribute to. C. Suffer from. D. Disapprove of.
33. Who will judge a student’s online writing according to the text?
A. A single teacher. B. An appointed test grader.
C. A generic imagined audience. D. A wide audience with different ideas
34. What is one of the suggestions Knobel and Lankshear give to teachers?
A. Volunteering with online communities.
B. Stopping students’ online activities.
C. Improving the existing assessment system.
D. Commenting on students' creative practices.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. Is fan fiction a helpful literacy tool?
B. Will standard English classwork survive?
C. Why do many teachers find teaching difficult?
D. Why are kids addicted to surfing the Internet?



（九）

C
Everywhere I look outside my home I see people busy on their high-tech devices, while driving, walking, shopping, even sitting in toilets. When connected electronically, they are away from physical reality.
People have been influenced to become technology addicted. One survey reported that “addicted” was the word most commonly used by people to describe their relationship to iPad and similar devices. One study found that people had a harder time resisting the allure of social media than they did for sleep, cigarettes and alcohol.
The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time on their products, not to actually improve our quality of life. They have successfully created a cultural disease. Consumers willingly give up their freedom, money and time to catch up on the latest information, to keep pace with their peers or to appear modern.
I see people trapped in a pathological(病态的) relationship with time-sucking technology, where they serve technology more than technology serves them. I call this technology servitude. I am referring to a loss of personal freedom and independence because of uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices that eat up time and money.
What is a healthy use of technology devices? That is the vital question. Who is really in charge of my life? That is what people need to ask themselves if we are to have any chance of breaking up false beliefs about their use of technology. When we can live happily without using so much technology for a day or a week, then we can regain control and personal freedom, become the master of technology and discover what there is to enjoy in life free of technology. Mae West is famous for the wisdom that “too much of a good thing is wonderful”. But it’s time to discover that it does not work for technology.
Richard Fernandez, an executive coach at Google acknowledged that “we can be swept away by our technologies”. To break the grand digital connection people must consider how life long ago could be fantastic without today’s overused technology.
28.The underlined word “allure” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.
A.advantage B.attraction C.adaption D.attempt
29. From the passage, technology companies aim to ______.
A.attract people to buy their products B.provide the latest information
C.improve people’s quality of life D.deal with cultural diseases
30. It can be inferred from this passage that people ______.
A.consider too much technology wonderful
B.have realized the harm of high-tech devices
C.can regain freedom without high-tech devices
D.may enjoy life better without overused technology
31.What’s the author’s attitude towards the overusing of high-tech devices?
A.Neutral. B.Skeptical. C.Disapproving. D.Sympathetic.
D
Scientists often compare coral reefs(珊瑚礁) to underwater rainforests, yet unlike the leafy plant base of a forest, corals are animals. The soft creatures are naturally half-transparent and get their brilliant color from algae(藻类) living inside them. When corals experience stress from hot temperatures or pollution, they halt the interdependent relationship with algae, typically pushing them out and turning white. Corals are still alive when they are white, but they're at risk and many eventually die, turning dark brown.
    Scientists around the world are looking for means to protect and maybe increase corals. One common option is to create more protected areas — essentially national parks in the ocean. Beyond nature preserves, some conservationists are looking to more hands-on methods. One research center in the Florida Keys is exploring a form of natural selection to keep corals remaining. The reef system in the Keys has been hit hard by climate change and pollution, which is especially tough, because corals there help support fisheries worth $ 100 million every year.
    To keep the wild ecosystem alive, Erinn Muller, the center's director, and her team are harvesting samples of the corals that survived the environmental stress naturally, keeping them to make them reproduce, and then reattaching them to the reef. They have 46,000 corals on plastic frames under the sea. So far, the center has regrown over 70,000 corals from five different species on damaged reefs.
    In The Bahamas, Ross Cunning, a research biologist at Chicago's Shedd Aquarium, focuses on corals with genes that could make them natural candidates for restoration projects. He published a study of two Bahamian reefs, one that survived an extreme 2015 heat wave, and one that didn't. "We think their ability to deal with these higher temperatures is built into their genes," says Cunning. There's evidence of corals evolving more quickly to resist rapidly warming climate. The big question scientists need investigate, adds Gunning, is how much more heat corals can adapt to.
32. What does the underlined word "halt" in the first paragraph mean?
A. End. B. Develop. C. Strengthen. D. Weaken.
33. What do Muller and her team do to save corals?
A. Restore the damaged reefs.
B. Grow corals by hand underwater.
C. Create more protected areas.
D. Move corals to unpolluted areas.
34. What do Cunning's words suggest?
A. Many corals have been genetically improved.
B. Cooling down the waters is key to rescuing corals.
C. Reasons for corals surviving heat waves are shocking.
D. The highest temperature corals can survive is unclear.
35. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Relationship between corals and algae
B. Efforts made to save corals
C. Impact of climate warming on corals
D. Survival crisis faced by coral reefs

（十）

C
Time famine (饥荒), a term refers to the universal feeling of having too much to do but not enough time to deal with those demands. Spending money on time-saving purchases may protect you from effects time famine can have on your happiness, suggests a new study of which Ashley Whillans served as a lead author. Whillans has experienced that recently, who was trying to move to a new city for a new job, and felt there weren't enough hours in the days leading up to her move.
    "Then I have groceries delivered to my house. I have someone that I don't know move away my boxes, which brings up a whole bunch of feelings. I honestly think, if it wasn't for doing this research and the move, I might have had some concern about those purchases," Whillans says. "It requires forward planning and mental abilities to think forward. But that indeed reduces negative effects of feeling stressed for time."
    The new study included self-reported data on 6, 271 adults of various income levels from various countries. The researchers found that, regardless of their levels, spending money on buying time was associated with greater life satisfaction and less anxiety. On the surface, the study may seem like it's offering a solution only for the affluent, but it also points out how time famine and buying time influence us all. "I think our research actually flies in the face of the prejudgment on time-saving purchases," says Elizabeth Dunn, a co-author of the study. "Sometimes when people imagine time-saving services maybe what they're picturing is a housekeeper, maids, and a gardener, but what we're talking about is that just spending $ 40 makes a difference."
    "Actually, the thing that surprised me most from our findings is how few people actually spend their money in a way that we would classify as being time-saving, even when they have the ability and when doing so may benefit overall wellbeing and life satisfaction," Dunn says. She adds they planned to conduct follow-up studies on the phenomenon. "I believe we can figure it out."
28. What has Whillans learned from her recent experience?
A. Asking strangers for help is uneasy.
B. Buying time improves mental abilities.
C. Forward planning is a must for researchers.
D. Saving time by spending money is worthwhile.
29. What does "affluent" underlined in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Busy. B. Wealthy. C. Anxious. D. Public.
30. What will the researchers study next?
A. Measures to deal with time famine.
B. Ways to persuade people to buy time.
C. People's opinions on time-saving services.
D. Reasons people are unwilling to buy time.
31. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A. Buy time — A Common Phenomenon
B. Time Famine — We All Feel It
C. Buy time — Increase Your Happiness
D. Time Famine — No Longer a Problem

D
When I sat down at my kitchen table at the tail end of winter to write my first column under lockdown, I didn't think I would still be there come midsummer. That piece was about the health benefits of contact with nature and how to get them in a locked-down world.
I was reminded of this last week during a bike ride with my wife through the still-quiet streets of central London. We swung through St James’s Park and stopped at the lake to admire the pelicans(鹈鹕). The sun was shining, the water was clear and the big, ungainly birds were splendidly alien. It was a painful reminder of our decision to cancel a planned holiday to Greece, and with it the hope of seeing wild Dalmatian pelicans.
Thankfully, the country I am stuck in is becoming increasingly exotic(异国情调的). The pandemic has done little to slow Britain’s accelerating rewilding movement. In the past few months, we have heard that European bison will soon be coming to Kent, that pine martens are making a comeback in England and that a pair of white storks at the Knepp Estate in West Sussex have successfully raised chicks---the first wild storks to breed in Britain for more than 500 years.
Two major rewilding projects have also been announced during lockdown. Solar power entrepreneur Jeremy Leggett has bought a 500-hectare estate in the Highlands of Scotland to restore nature there, and farmers in East Anglia are planning to turn over 250, 000 hectares of intensively farmed agricultural land that could one day support lynx, beavers and, yes, pelicans.
Rewilding is largely a matter of humans getting out of the way and letting nature take charge. That, of course, has been happening due to the sudden suspension of life as we know it --- a period that group of biologists has proposed calling the anthropause(暂停).
We know that the anthropause has benefited the environment in multiple ways, but its influence on wildlife isn’t yet clear. There have been reports of wild animals venturing into cities: pumas in Santiago, wild boar in Barcelona. But these are small and temporary incursions(进入). What lessons can we learn as we come out of this period and try to build better world?
To answer this question, conservation biologists have set up an international project called the COVID-19 Bio-Logging Initiative. The scientists plan to analyse animal movement and distribution before, during and after the anthropause to determine exactly how human activity affects them, and then, once life can return to normal, to apply those lessons to the global rewilding movement.
“Nobody is asking for humans to stay in permanent lockdown, but we may discover that relatively minor changes to our lifestyles and transport networks can potentially have significant benefits for both ecosystems and humans,” says Martin Wikelski, one of the project’s leaders.
32. What inspired the author to write his current column?
A. The quiet streets. B. The beautiful lake.
C. His wife’s suggestion. D. His seeing the pelicans.
33. What do the examples of European bison, pine martens and white storks show?
A. The bad influence of the pandemic.
B. The harmony among exotic animals.
C. The future of the UK’s endangered animals.
D. The results of the rewilding movement.
34. What is the purpose of the COVID-19 Bio-Logging Initiative?
A. To call for global efforts to fight COVID-19.
B. To evaluate the influence of the anthropause on wildlife.
C. promote the rewilding concept all around the world.
D. To figure out ways to protect animals during COVID-19.
35. What is Martin Wikelski’s opinion?
A. Lockdown is beneficial to humans.
B. The anthropause will last for a long time.
C. Human activity has an influence on rewilding.
D. The COVID-19 Bio-Logging Initiative will be successful.