小升初英语语法专项培优突破 第7章：现在时（2）1般动词的现在时

2.一般动词的现在时

be 动词(am，are，is)、助动词、情态动词以外的动词全部称为一般动词。在一般动词的句型中，第三人称单数时的动词变化要加以注意。而否定句和疑问句要加do(does)，这和be动词是不同的。

一般现在时的句型如下：

肯定句：主语+动词～.

He            -s

She    +动词      ～.(主语第三人称单数)

It            -es

否定句：主语+do not(=don't)+动词～.

主语(第三人称单数)+ does not(=doesn't)+动词～.

疑问句：Do+主语+动词～？

Does +主语(第三人称单数)+动词～？

1) 主语与一般动词

I play baseball every Sunday.

我每个星期日都打棒球。

1.第一、二人称及所有复数形式

主语为第一人称I及第二人称you，以及复数时一般动词仍保持原形。

I go to school every day.

我每天去上

You go to school every day.

你每天去上

2.第三人称单数

一般动词像play，like，go…等是一般动词的现在式，当主语为第三人称单数时，字尾要加-s，-es，形成plays，likes，goes。

3.have和has

当主语为第三人称单数时，动词have须改为has。其意思可译为“有、吃、开会”……。

I don't have lessons on Saturday.

星期六我没有课。

What do you have for dinner？

你晚餐要吃什么？

She has brown hair.

她有一头褐色的头发。

This room has five windows.

这房间有五扇窗。

2) 一般动词的否定句

I don't watch TV at home.

我在家不看电视。

He doesn't study hard.

他不用功。

1.一般动词否定句的结构是在动词的前面加do not或does not。

a. do not +动词主语为 I， You及复数时,用do not缩写为 don't。

b. does not +动词主语为第三人称单数时缩写为doesn't。

注意

don't和doesn't后面的动词必须是原形。

2.否定句的比较

a. be动词的否定句

She is a nurse.

她是一位护士。

She is not a nurse.

她不是一位护士。

b.一般动词的否定句

I go to school every day.

我每天去上

I don't go to school every day.

我没有每天都去上

3) 一般动词的疑问句

Do you go to school today？

你今天去上学吗？

1.一般动词疑问句的结构

是把do或does移到句首，即

《Do(Does)+主词+原形动词～?》。

Do you have an examination in English？

你有一个英文考试吗？

Does he walk to school？

他走路上学吗？

注意

Do和Does用于一般动词的否定句和疑问句，称为助动词。

have(has)在表示“所有”时，变为否定句时，可直接在have(has)后加not，变为疑问句时可直接把have(has)放在句首。当have(has)不表示“所有”意思时，只能加助动词do(does)来改成否定句和疑问句。

He has two books.他有两本书。

He has not(＝hasn't =doesn't have)two books.

(否定句)

Has he two books ?           (疑问句)

Does he have two books ?

Do you have classes every day？

你每天都上学吗？

(×) Have you Classes every day？

He has a meeting every week.

他每天开一次会。

Does he have a meeting every week？(疑问句)

He doesn't have a meeting every week.(否定句)

2 疑问句的比较

a. be动词的疑问句

Are you a student？       你是学生吗？

Is she a teacher？           她是老师吗？

b .一般动词的疑问句

Do you write homework？           你写功课吗？

Does he have breakfast？            他吃早餐吗？

3 疑问句的回答方式

Do(Does)～？

是Yes, +主语+ do(does).

否 No，+主语+do not(does not).

Do you live near our school？

你住在我们学校附近吗？

Yes， I do.

是的，我是。

Does he play baseball？

他打棒球吗？

No， he doesn't

不，他不打。

Where does her father work？

她父亲在哪儿工作？

He works in an iron factory.

他在一家铁厂工作。

注意

用疑问词在句首组成的特殊疑问句，不需要回答Yes(No)。由于在问句中出现Do(Does)，所以动词保持原形。但回答时，动词须视主语而决定是否加-s等。

从肯定句改为疑问句，由下列的步骤去思考：

先判断主语是第三人称单数或是其他情形。如果主语不是第三人称单数，就使用Do，然后在句尾加“？”。

You play the piano.→Do you play the piano?

如果主语是第三人称单数，就使用Does。

She plays the piano.→Does she play the piano？

一般动词的现在时 练习题

1. 他每天六点钟起床。 He ______ _____ _______ six every morning.

【答案】gets up at

2. 小明经常去远足。 Xiao Ming _________ ________ hiking.

【答案】often go

3. 她总是在星期天看望爷爷奶奶。 She _______ _______ her grandparents on Sundays.

【答案】always visits

4. Sandy周末上学吗？ ________ Sandy _______ _______school on weekends?

【答案】Does；go to

5. 他什么时候去上班？ When ________ he go to ________?

【答案】will；work

6. 李云喜欢秋天，不喜欢冬天。 Li Yun _______ autumn, but he _________ like winter.

【答案】likes；doesn’t

7. 今天的天气怎么样？ What’s the _________ like _________?

【答案】weather；today

8. 她有电脑吗？ ___________ she __________ a computer?

【答案】Does；has

9. Sue 有一本有趣的故事书。 Sue ______  an _________ ________ book.

【答案】has；interesting story；

10. 他们是德国人，不会说法语。They are _______ so they _______ _____ _______.

【答案】German；couldn’t speak French；

Read the story and answer the questions.

A clever monkey

An old tiger lives in the forest. He does not want to look for food now. He often tells other animals to bring him something to eat. He sees a monkey and says,“ I’m hungry, monkey. Go to the village and bring me a fat pig.” “Oh, Tiger,” says the monkey.“I can't do that now. There is another tiger over there. He also wants a fat pig. He will not let me get anything for you to eat. I am afraid of him.”　　

“What?” cries the tiger. “Show me that tiger. I will talk to him.” 　　

“Come with me,” says the monkey. The monkey and the tiger get to a bridge over the river. “Now look down at the water,” says the monkey. 　

“Do you see the hand, the white teeth and the large green eyes of a tiger?”　　“Yes, I do,” cries the old tiger,“ I will eat him up!”　

With these words, the tiger jumped into the river.

1. What does the old tiger often do?

__________________________________________

【答案】He often tells other animals to bring him something to eat.

2. What does the tiger see?

__________________________________________________

【答案】He sees a monkey.

3. Is there another tiger in the forest?

_____________________________________

【答案】No.

4. What does the old tiger do when he sees the tiger in the river?

___________________________________________________________________

【答案】The tiger jumped into the river.

5. What do you think of the monkey?

_______________________________________________

【答案】The monkey is very clever.

按要求改写句子

1．This is my pencil.(变一般疑问句)

【答案】Is this your pencil ?

2. These red socks are Kate’s . (变一般疑问句)

【答案】Are these red socks kate’s?

3. I want to buy a big green bag . (对画线部分提问)

【答案】What do you want to buy?

4. Mary does not have any books . (变肯定句)

【答案】 Mary has some books.

5. I often get up at seven o’clock . (用he改写句子)

【答案】he often gets up at seven o'clock.

6. He often has rice for dinner. (变为一般疑问句)

【答案】Does he often have rice for dinner ?

7. My sister wants to see the comedy. (变为一般疑问句)

【答案】Does your sister want to see the comedy ?

8. I think this story is boring. (变复数句)

【答案】I think these stories are boring.

9. My mother usually has lunch at 12:12 . (对画线部分提问)

【答案】What does your mother usually do at 12:12 ?

10. Li Xing goes home late on Friday evening. (变为一般疑问句)

【答案】Does Li Xing go home late on Friday evening ?

11. There is some orange in the glass. (变否定句)

【答案】There are not any oranges in the glass.

12. She often has a drink after supper. (变为一般疑问句)

【答案】Does she often have a drink after supper ?

13. My teachers are in the office. (对画线部分提问)

【答案】 where are your teachers ?

用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. My classmate ______ (know) the man on the bike.

【答案】knows

2. His sister usually ______ (go) to school at 7:00 am.

【答案】goes

3. Lin Tao ______ (like) his new sweater. 

【答案】likes

4. Let me ______ (have) a look.

【答案】have

5. Let’s ______ (play) tennis! 

【答案】play

6. ______ he ______  (like) English?

【答案】Does；likes

7. I want ______  (go) to a movie.

【答案】to go

8. He ______   (not know) the teacher’s name.

【答案】doesn't know

9. Nice ______ (meet) you!

【答案】to meet

10. Can I _____ (ask) the policeman? Yes, you ______.

【答案】ask；need

11. ______ (sit) down and ______ (have) a cup of tea.

【答案】Sit；have；

12. ______ (not look) at your textbook! ______ (listen) to me.

【答案】Don’t look；Listen

13. ______ you ______ (can see) the bananas on the table?

【答案】Can；see

14. It’s time ______ (play) games.

【答案】to play

15. What time ______ Mary usually ______ (play) basketball ?

【答案】Does；play

16. This boy likes ______ (play) chess with his father on weekends.

【答案】 playing

17. Where ______ his parents ______ (work) now, do you know?

【答案】Does；work

18. Who ______ (teach) you English in your school?

【答案】teaches

19. Helen, ______ (not be) late for class again.

【答案】don't be

20. Little Tom can ______ (ride) a horse.

【答案】ride