还剩17页未读，
继续阅读
高考英语（2011~2020）真题专项练习 专题14.英语句法之特殊句式
展开
这是一份高考英语（2011~2020）真题专项练习 专题14.英语句法之特殊句式，共20页。
A. s B. very C. t D. rather
【答案】A
【解析】此题考查s…as….的固定结构。句意：我很少看到妈妈像现在一样为我的进步如此开心。此题考查s…as….的固定结构, 题干中的关键词是as, 译为 “像…..一样, 正如…..一样”。因此选择A。
2.(2010﹒安徽)It was frm nly a few supplies that she had bught in the village _______ the hstess cked such a nice dinner.
A. where B. that C. when D. which
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查强调句型。迷惑点在于强调部分中含有一个定语从句that she had bught in the village。
3.(2010﹒湖南)Jhn’s success has nthing t d with gd luck. It is years f hard wrk has made him what he is tday.
A. why B. when C. which D. that
【答案】D
【【解析】考查强调句型。题干为强调句型, 被强调部分为years f hard wrk, 故选D项。
4.(2010﹒江苏)—I have tried very hard t find a slutin t the prblem, but in vain. w_
—why nt cnsult with Frank? Yu see, _________.
A. great minds think alike
B. tw heads are better than ne
C. a bird in the hand is wrth tw in the bush
D. it’s better t think twice befre ding smething
【答案】B
【解析】考查谚语。表示三个臭皮匠凑成诸葛亮./ A 英雄所见略同./C 一鸟在手胜于二鸟在林./ D.三思而后行.
5.(2010﹒江苏)—Is everyne here?
—Nt yet……Lk , there_______ the rest f ur guests!
A. cme B. cmes C. is cming D. are cming
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装句及主谓一致。在there be句型中，谓语动词根据后面的主语而定。
6.(2010﹒四川)If yu have a jb, yurself t it and finally yu’ll succeed.
A. d devte B. dn’t devte C. devting D. nt devting
【答案】A
【解析】考查谓语动词的强调及 “祈使句+and+将来时句子”的固定搭配。此处应是祈使句, 又有谓语动词的强调要借助助动词d, 故选A。句意为：“如果你有了一份工作, 付出努力去做它, 最后你定能成功。”
7.(2010﹒四川)We laugh at jkes, but seldm abut hw they wrk.
A. we think B. think we C. we d think D. d we think
【答案】D
【考点】考查倒装。
seldm为否定副词放句首, 用部分倒装, 故选D。句意为 “我们因笑话而笑, 但很少去思考笑话怎样让我们笑。”
8.(2010﹒陕西)Jhn pened the dr . There _____ he had never seen befre.
A. a girl did stand B. a girl std C. did a girl stand D. std a girl
【答案】D
【解析】考查特殊句式。Here, There, Thus, Then等副词位于句首, 且当句子的主语是名词时, 句子用全部倒装句, 选D。
9.(2010﹒浙江)The experiment shws that prper amunts f exercise, if regularly, can imprve ur health.
A. being carried ut B. carrying ut C. carried ut D. t carry ut
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查if条件句中的省略情况。本句的句子的主语是the experiment；谓语动词是shws；that引导宾语从句, 宾语从句的主干事：prper amunts f exercise can imprve ur health, if_____ regularly是插入的条件从句, 从句的主语是prper amunts f exercise, 此时应用it代替前面提到的主语, 条件句的主语与主句的主语一致, 并且含有is, 故省略了it is, 完整形式是：if it is carried ut。句意为：这项实验表明, 适当的运动, 如果有规律的进行, 能够有助于我们的身体健康。
10.(2010﹒江西)Nt until he left his hme ___ t knw hw imprtant the family was fr him.
A did he begin B had he begun C he began D he had begun
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装。nt until放在句首要用部分倒装, 翻译为直到, 所以begin发生在left之后或同时发生
11.(2010﹒重庆)At the meeting place f the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, ne f the ten largest cities in China.
A. lies Chngqing B. Chngqing lies C. des lie Chngqing D. des Chngqing lie
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装。表示方位的地点状语提前, 句子完全倒装, 所以选A项。
12.(2010﹒湖北)Only if peple f all the cuntries are united ________（我们才能解决）the existing prblems in the wrld. (slve)
【答案】will we be able t slve/can we slve.
【解析】考查倒装。nly位于句首修饰状语从句要倒装。根据 “主将从现”的原则可以确认主句的助动词是“will”, 或者使用情态动词“can”。
13.(2011﹒全国卷I)Try____ she might, Sue culdn’t get the dr pen.
A. if B. when C. sine D. as
【答案】D
【解析】本题考察倒装。As引导的让步状语从句，应将状语、表语甚至谓语提前构成形式上的倒装。题目前半句说，她试过；后半句说Sue不能打开门，明显前后两句意思相反。As表示虽然，尽管。
14.(2011﹒全国卷I)Only when he reached the tea-huse ______it was the same place he’d been in last year.
A. he realized B. he did realize C. realized he D. did he realize
【答案】D
【解析】本题考察倒装句。Only引导的状语从句位于句首，应把主句中动词的助动词提前构成部分倒装。
15.(2011﹒福建)—It’s nice. Never befre____ such a special drink!
—I’m glad yu like it.
A.I have had B. I had C. have I had D. had I
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态及倒装。never是否定副词，置于句首，句子要部分倒装；由语意可知说话人以前从未喝过这样特别的饮料，应该用现在完成时，故选C项。
16.(2011﹒湖南)Only after they had discussed the matter fr a few hurs _______a decisin
A. they reached B. did they reach C. they reach D. d they reach
【答案】B
【解析】本题考察nly前置的倒装句。Only引导状语从句前置，主句主谓要部分倒装。又因为从前文中的"had discussed"判断出是过去时间，故选B；句意：只有在他们讨论这个问题好几个小时之后他们才作出决定。
17.(2011﹒四川)Was it n a lnely island ______ he was saved ne mnth after the bat went dwn?
A. where B. that C. which D. what
【答案】B
【解析】考查强调句。此处强调的是句子的地点状语n a lnely island，是强调句的一般疑问句句型：Was it + 被强调部分+ that +句子？句意：“他是不是在小船沉没一个月后在一个孤岛上被营救的？”
18.(2011﹒陕西)It is nt hw much we d but hw much lve we put int what we d____benefits ur wrk mst.
A. wh B. which C. that D. what
【答案】C
【解析】考查强调句。强调句型:It is/was +被强调部分+that连接句子的其他部分。答案选择C。
19.(2011﹒重庆)I tld them nt everybdy culd run as fast as yu did, ______ ?
A. culd he B. didn’t I C. didn’t yu D. culd they
【答案】B
【解析】考查反义疑问句。反义疑问句的基本原则就是与主句主谓保持一致。陈述部分为肯定，故附加部分为否定，本句含有一个宾语从句且主句为“I tld them……，所以选择B。句意：我告诉他们并非每个人都可以跑得和你一样快，不是吗？
20.(2011﹒重庆)—Have yu seem the film Under the Hawthrn Tree?
— Of curse, I have. It was in ur village _______ it was made.
A.that B.where C.when D.which
【答案】A
【解析】考查强调句。问话人询问对方是否看过《山楂树之恋》这部电影，答话人回答说当然看过，这部电影是在自己的村庄拍摄的。本句是强调句，被强调的部分是地点状语in ur village。强调状语in ur village。
21.(2011﹒湖南)It’s nt what we d nce in a while ______ shapes ur lives, but what we d cnsistently
A .which B. that C. hw D. when
【答案】B
【解析】本题考察强调句型。本题考察强调句型。强调主语。故选B。句子意思：决定我们生活的东西不是我们偶尔所做的事情而是那些我们自始至终所做的事情。
22.(2011﹒全国卷II)Jane wn’t jin us fr dinner tnight and .
A. neither wn’t Tm B. Tm wn’t either
C. Tm will t D. s will Tm
【答案】B
【解析】考查特殊句式。句意：简不会来参加我们今晚的宴会，汤姆也不会来。此处是否定句，故使用either，而t一般用于肯定句中。此处也可以用s倒装的否定式，即neither/nr will Tm.注意A项中neither表否定意义，所以不能用wn’t。
23.(2011﹒江苏)It sunds like smething is wrng with the car’s engine._______ , we’d better take it t the garage immediately.
A. Otherwise B. If nt C. But fr that D. If s
【答案】D
【解析】考查省略和替代。句意：听起来车的发动机好像有问题，如果那样的话，我们最好立刻把它弄到汽修厂去。前后两句话之间是顺承关系。Otherwise否则，要不然；if nt要不，不然；but fr that若不是因为那件事；if s若是这样。
24.(2011﹒辽宁)_____ a strange plant! I've never seen it befre.
A. Which B. What C. Hw D. Whether
【答案】B
【解析】考查感叹句。句意：多么奇怪的植物啊！我以前从没见过。此处为“What+a/an十adj.+n.+it is/was”的省略结构，故B项正确。
25.(2011﹒上海)It desn’t matter if they want t cme t yur party, _______?
A. desn’t itB. des itC. dn’t theyD. d they
【答案】B
【解析】考查反义疑问句。反义疑问句的基本原则就是与主句主谓保持一致。陈述部分为否定，故附加部分为肯定，句意：他们是否来参加你的派对，没有关系，是吗？
26.(2012﹒江西)Never befre seen anybdy wh can play tennis as well as Rbert.
A.had she B.she had C.has she D.she has
【答案】C
【解析】考查部分倒装。句首有关键词Never，否定词提前到句首，句子部分倒装。排除B,D。再根据句子时态，应用现在完成时，故选C。
(2012﹒江西)He seems t be giving the impressin that he didn’t enjy himself in Paris. , he had a wnderful time.
A.Abve allB.What’s mreC.As a resultD.On the cntrary
【答案】D
【解析】句意为他似乎给人们留下一种在巴黎玩得不开心的印象______他玩得很开心。前后句有转折之意，故选D恰恰相反。A首先，B此外，C结果是。
28.(2012﹒浙江)Had they knwn what was cming next, they________ secnd thughts.
A. may haveB. culd haveC. must have had D. might have had
【答案】D
【解析】本句是一个倒装句，可还原为：if they had knwn what was cming next, they might have had secnd thught。根据had knwn提示，可知是与过去事实相反，因此虚拟语气主句中应该用wuld/might +have dne，由此可见答案D符合语境。
29.(2012﹒江苏)There is little dubt in yur mind that he is inncent, _______________?
A. is thereB. isn't thereC. is heD. isn't he
【答案】A
【解析】根据前面there be 句里含有否定意义的词little，所以反意疑问句用肯定形式，其主谓应与陈述部分的主谓保持一致，故选A项。
30.(2012﹒重庆)The headmaster will nt permit the change in the curse, nr______ it a thught.
A. des he even given B. he even gives C. whether D. he will even given
【答案】C
【解析】空白处前为否定词“nr”位于句首，句子应该使用部分倒装结构，而且根据语境空白处应使用一般将来时，C选项符合题意。因此，正确答案为C选项。
31. (2012﹒重庆)It was 80 years befre Christpher Clumbus crssed the Atlantic______ Zheng sailed t East Africa
A. when B. that C. after D. since
【答案】B
【解析】句子虽然比较长，但是其主干为强调句型，是对“80 years befre Christpher Clumbus crssed the Atlantic”进行了强调，由此可知，空白处应该填写“that”。因此，正确答案为B选项。
32.(2012﹒辽宁)Nt until he retired frm teaching three years ag having a hliday abrad.
A. he had cnsidered B. had he cnsidered
C. he cnsidered D. did he cnsider
【答案】D
【解析】Nt until位于句首时句子要倒装，cnsider having a hliday abrad这个动作发生在retire之后，所以用一般过去时。
33. (2012﹒四川)At schl, sme students are active ______ sme are shy, yet they can be gd friends with ne anther.
A. while B. althugh C. s D. as
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查并列连词。题干句意为：在学校，一些学生很活跃而一些却很害羞，然而他们都可能彼此成为好朋友。根据句意选while，表示两个分句中两种情况的对比。
34.(2012﹒四川)This is nt my stry, nr ______ the whle stry. My stry plays ut differently.
A. is there B. there is C. is it D. it is
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查倒装句。nr位于句首引起部分倒装，排除B、D；再根据句意“这并不是（关于）我的故事，它也不是故事的全部。我的故事的结局不同。”选代词it。故答案选C。
35.(2012﹒陕西)The basketball cach, as well as his team , ______interviewed shrtly after the match fr their utstanding perfrmance.
A. were B. was C. is D. are
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语中心词是the basketball cach，是单数，根据shrtly after the match可以推断出题干时态是一般过去时，故选B。
36.(2012﹒北京)______ at the dr befre yu enter my rm, please.
A. Knck B. Kncking C. Kncked D. T knck
【答案】A
【解析】祈使句考点，用动词原形。
37.(2013﹒北京)The famus musician, as well as his students, ____ t perfrm at the pening ceremny f the 2012 Taipei Flwer Exp.
A. were invitedB. was invited C. have been invitedD. has been invited
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查主谓一致。这个著名的音乐家和他的学生被邀请在2012年的台北花展上演出。主语是The famus musician，尽管后面跟有介词或介词词组作附属修饰语，谓语动词仍用单数形式。排除A和C；2012 Taipei Flwer Exp是一个过去的时间，动作已经发生，和现在没有关系，没必要用现在完成时，排除D。
38.(2013﹒福建)Dn’t turn ff the cmputer befre clsing all prgrams ______ yu culd have prblems
A. rB. andC. butD. s
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查并列句的连词。在关闭所有程序之间不要关电脑，否则可能会出问题。考查句式：祈使句+and/r+陈述句，根据句意，选A。
39.(2013﹒福建)Nt until he went thrugh real hardship _____the lve we have fr ur families is imprtant.
A. had he realizedB. did he realize C. he realizedD. he had realized
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查倒装结构。直到他经历了真正的艰难之后才意识到我们对家庭的爱是很重要的。含有否定意义的副词、连词或短语放在句首时，要用部分倒装结构。由he went thrugh real hardship可知动作已经发生，与现在的动作没有关系，用一般过去式，所以B正确。D选项的意思是先认识后经历，不符合本文所表达的意思。
40.(2013﹒江苏) Generally, students’ inner mtivatin with high expectatins frm thers ______ essential t their develpment.
A. isB. areC. wasD. were
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查主谓一致用法。一般说来，他人对其期望值高的学生的内在动机对自身的发展是至关重要的。分析句子结构，主语为students’ inner mtivatin with high expectatins frm thers，中心词为inner mtivatin，显然为第三人称单数。再根据generally（一般说来），可见讲通常情况，所以用一般现在时。故选择A。
41.(2013﹒江苏) Shrtly after suffering frm a massive earthquake and ______ t ruins, the city tk n a new lk.
A. reducingB. reducedC. being reduced D. having reduced
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查时间状语从句的省略用法。在遭受大地震，沦为废墟之后不久，这座城市就呈现出新的面貌。Shrtly after在……之后不久，引导时间状语从句。时间状语从句中，当主语与主句主语一致时，为避免重复，从句可用省略句。根据短语reduce the city t ruins（使城市沦为废墟），可见reduce与逻辑主语the city构成被动关系，排除A，D；而and连接两个并列成分，suffering frm a massive earthquake and ______ t ruins，根据suffering的形式，确定答案为being reduced。故选C。
42.(2013﹒江西) Only when he aplgizes fr his rudeness ____t him again.
A. I will speak.B. will I speak.C. d I speak.D. I speak.
【答案】B
【解析】考查倒装句。只有当他为他的粗鲁道歉的时候，我才会再跟他说话。本题的第一个关键词是nly。当nly放在句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时，主句用部分倒装。第二个关键点是when引导的时间状语从句，有“主将从现”的用法，本题中从句用的是一般现在时，因此主句用一般将来时。
43.(2013﹒江西) If _____ t lk after luggage fr smene else, infrm the plice at nce.
A. askedB. t askC. askingD. having asked
【答案】A
【解析】考查省略句。如果有人让你替别人照看行李，请马上通知警察。在if引导的从句中，如果从句的主要动词是be，常将主语和be省略。解题关键：观察题目与选项。本题主句是祈使句，祈使句通常是动词原形开头，省略主语yu，再观察选项，ask与yu是动宾关系，因此从句的完整表达方式是if yu are asked……。因此，锁定答案A.与if用法一样的还有when、thugh、as if等连词。
44.(2013﹒湖南) Every day ________ a prverb alud several times until yu have it memrized.
A.read B.reading C.t read D.reads
【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。每天朗读几遍谚语知道你记住为止。解题关键：区分谓语与非谓语。1.去掉until引导的状语从句，主句要有谓语动词，就可排除B、C两个答案；2.主句缺主语，判断出本句为祈使句，排除D。
45.(2013﹒湖南) The university estimates that living expenses fr internatinal students ________ arund $8，450 a year, which ________ a burden fr sme f them.
A.are；is B.are，are C.is，are D.is，is
【答案】A
【解析】考查主谓一致。这所大学估算国际学生的生活费用大约一年8450美元，这对一些国际学生来说是一种负担。fr internatinal students 修饰主语的中心语the living expenses ，谓语动词要选are，排除C、D；which在从句中从当主语指代$8450 a year，以及a burden可判断出后一个空格选择is。
46.(2013﹒湖南) Nt nce ________ t Michael that he culd ne day becme a tp student in his class.
A.ccurred it B.it did ccur C.it ccurred D.did it ccur
【答案】D
【解析】考查倒装句。迈克尔从来没想到他居然会成为班上的拔尖学生。否定副词nt位于句首，句子应该使用部分倒装结构。部分倒装：（1）以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装；（2）以“nly+状语”开头的句子；（3）以“s+形容词或副词”开头的句子；（4）s表示“也，也是”的意义。如：She wrked hard, s did her husband.
Only after he had spken ut the wrd did he realize he had made a big mistake.
Nt until yesterday did little Jhn change his mind.
47.(2013﹒辽宁) At n time _____ the rules f the game. It was unfair t punish them.
A. they actually brke B. d they actually break
C. did they actually break D. they had actually brken
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查动词时态和倒装用法。事实上他们绝对没有违反游戏规则。惩罚他们是不公平的。当否定词或具有否定含义的短语置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。at n time意为“绝不，在任何时候都不”，置于句首用部分倒装，故排除A，D。再根据已知时态was，可知讲的是过去的情况，所以选择C。
48.(2013﹒上海) Amng the crises that face humans ______ the lack f natural resurces.
A. is B. areC. is thereD. are there
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装和主谓一致。自然资源的缺乏是人类面临的危机之一。根据介词短语不可以做主语的原则，可判断出这是一个倒装句，主语为the lack f natural resurces，中心词为lack，所以用单数的is。这是典型的“主系表”倒装为“表系主”，介词短语amng the crises that face humans做表语。
49.(2013﹒四川) Read this stry, ______ yu will realize that nt everything can be bught with mney.
A. r B. and C. but D. s
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查并列句。看看这个故事，你就会明白不是所有的东西都可以用钱买到的。“祈使句 + and/r +陈述句”是一个固定句式，根据句意，选B。
50.(2013﹒天津) It was nt until near the end f the letter ______ she mentined her wn plan.
A. that B. whereC. whyD. when
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查强调句型。直到在这封信的末尾他才提到自己的计划。强调句的基本机构：It is/was+被强调部分+that/wh+句子的其他部分，本句中强调的是时间状语从句所以用that。本题个别考生易误解成定语从句。
51.(2013﹒全国卷II) I was glad t meet Jenny again, ____ I didn't want t spend all day with her.
A. butB. andC.sD. r
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查并列句。我很高兴再次见到詹尼，但是，我不想一整天都跟她一起度过。解题关键是弄清前后句子之间的逻辑关系。前面说见面高兴，后面却说不想整天跟她呆在一起，明显是转折关系，要用连词but。
52.(2013﹒全国卷II) It was nly after he had read the papers ______ Mr. Grss realized the task befre him was extremely difficult t cmplete.
A whenB. thatC. whichD. what
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查强调句型。Grss先生读了这些报告之后才意识到，他面前的这个任务非常难完成。“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that 从句”是一个固定的句式，当被强调的部分是物时，连词只能用that，因此锁定正确答案。
53.(2013﹒全国卷II) Only by increasing the number f dctrs by 50 percent ______ prperly in this hspital.
A. can be the patientsB. can the patients be treated
C. the patients can be treatedD. treated can be the patients
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查倒装句。在这个医院里，只有把医生的数量增加50%，才够治疗所有的病人。nly 开头，后面紧跟一个介词短语，后面的谓语动词要部分倒装，即把其中的助动词或者情态动词提到主语的前面，因此正确答案是B。
54.(2013﹒浙江) There are sme health prblems that, when ______ in time, can becme bigger nes later n.
A. nt treatedB. nt being treated
C. nt t be treatedD. nt have been treated
【答案】A
【解析】考查省略和非谓语动词。有些健康问题如果不及时治疗 ，不久可能就变成大问题。when 后面如果用完整的句子表达，它的主语就是prblems，因此主语和它后面的be 动词可以一起省略，相当于“ when they are nt treated”。
55.(2013﹒重庆) It's nt easy t change habits, ______ with awareness and self-cntrl, it is pssible.
A. frB. rC. butD. s
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查并列句。改变习惯不容易，但如果是有意识的并且自控，就可能做到。空处前面说的是不容易，后面说的是可能，显然是转折关系。
56.(2013﹒重庆) It was with the help f the lcal guide ______ the muntain climber was rescued.
A. whB. thatC. whenD. hw
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查强调句型。在当地导游的帮助下，登山者才得以获救。
It is/was+被强调部分+that/wh(m)是固定的强调句型，被强调的部分无论是人是物，都可以用that；被强调部分如果是人，可以用wh或者whm。本句中被强调的部分并不是the lcal guide，而是介词短语“with the help f the lcal guide”，所以不能用wh，而必须用that。
57.(2014﹒大纲卷) ________the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hurs as well.
A. Nt d nly B. D nt nly
C. Only nt d D. Nt nly d
【答案】D
【解析】考查倒装句。句意：护士们不仅要求涨工资而且也要求减少劳动时间。此处后面的but als被省略，nt nly引导的句子置于句首时，要部分倒装。故选D。
58.(2014﹒大纲卷) ________ me tmrrw and I'll let yu knw the lab result.
A. Calling B. Call C. T call D. Having called
【答案】B
【解析】考查特殊句式。句意：明天给我打电+话，我会告诉你实验的结果。此句是祈使句，故用动词原形。故选B。
59.(2014﹒福建) The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, ________， reaching 30℃ in summer.
A.if nt B.if ever C.if any D.if s
【答案】B
【解析】考查特殊句式(省略)。句意：这儿的气候很宜人。在夏天时，气温很少达到30℃，如果曾经有过的话。根据句意可知，条件句应该是if the temperature ever reaches 30℃ in summer，其省略形式是if ever，故选择B项。 if nt如果不；if any如果(有)任何(……)；if s如果这样。
60.(2014﹒福建)It was the culture, rather than the language, ________made it hard fr him t adapt t the new envirnment abrad.
A.where B.why C.that D.what
【答案】C
【解析】考查特殊句式(强调句型)。句意：正是文化而非语言使得他很难适应国外的新环境。本句去掉it was和that之后，剩余部分仍然能够构成一个结构正确、意义完整的句子，故确定其为强调句型，选择C项。
61.(2014﹒湖南)Only when yu can find peace in yur heart ____ gd relatinships with thers.
A. will yu keep B. yu will keep C. yu kept D. did yu keep
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装句。句意：只有当你内心感觉平和时，你才能与别人保持良好的关系。副词nly位于句首，引起部分倒装，可排除B、C；根据时间状语从句中的时态可排除D项。
62.(2014﹒湖南)________what yu're ding tday imprtant, because yu're trading a day f yur life fr it.
A. Make B. T make C. Making D. Made
【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。句意：使你今天正在做的变得重要，因为你正在用你生命中的一天与之交换。题干中逗号后是一个原因状语从句，因此前面必须是一个主句才能成立。只有用动词原形才能构成一个祈使句，才是一个完整的句子。
63.(2014﹒湖南﹒T33)It's nt ding the things we like, but liking the things we have t d ________ makes life happy.
A. that B. which C. what D. wh
【答案】A
【解析】考查强调句型。句意：使生活变得更加快乐的不是做我们喜欢的事，而是喜欢我们必须要做的事。这里是强调句型，把it's和that去掉之后，句子仍成立。
64.(2014﹒陕西) N sner ________ stepped n the stage than the audience brke int thunderus applause.
A. had M Yan B. M Yan had C. has M Yan D. M Yan has
【答案】A
【解析】考查特殊句式。n sner…than…引导时间状语从句，且当n sner位于主句句首时，主句用部分倒装形式，即将主句谓语中的助动词、系动词或情态动词提到其主语前，故选A。
65.(2014﹒四川)Was it because Jack came late fr schl ________ Mr Smith gt angry?
A.why B.wh C.where D.that
【答案】D
【解析】考查特殊句式。此题考查的是强调句的一般疑问句，所强调的成分为原因状语从句because Jack came late fr schl，故用that。句意：是不是因为杰克上学迟到老师才生气的？
66.(2014﹒天津) Give me a chance, ________ I'll give yu a wnderful surprise.
A. if B. r C. and D. while
【答案】C
【解析】考查并列句。句意：给我一个机会，我会给你一个绝妙的惊喜。本句是一个表示顺接关系的句子，故用and连接。if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句；r表示“否则，要不然”，表示一种相反的假设；while意为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句，若意为“虽然，尽管”，则引导让步状语从句。
67.(2014﹒重庆)—I spent tw weeks in Lndn last summer.
—Then yu must have visited the British Museum during yur stay, ________ yu?
A. mustn't B. haven't C. didn't D. hadn't
【答案】C
【解析】考查特殊句型的用法。在“…must have dne…”这个表示对过去的推测的句型中，反义疑问句不可用must的任何形式，因为must用于表推测时仅能用于肯定句。若语境中有明确地表示过去的时间状语，反义疑问句必须用过去时的否定式，若没有明确地表示过去的时间状语且强调现状则用完成时。该题中上句有last summer，故选C。
68.(2015﹒湖南)It is imprtant t remember that success ________ a sum f small effrts made each day and ften ________ years f achieve.
A. is; takesB. are; takesC. are; takeD. is; take
【答案】A
【解析】试题分析：主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。根据分析，第一空的谓语要填一个单数，因为此宾语从句：…that success a sum f…day.的主语是success，一个单数名词，故谓语要用is；后面的句子：ften years t achieve.的主语也是success，故第二空的谓语也是一个单数形式。句意：成功是将每天一小点努力积累起来，是需要多年的努力去达到，记住这些很重要。
69.(2015﹒湖南)Always ________ in mind that yur main task is t get this cmpany running smthly.
A. t keep B. t have kept C.keep D.have kept
【答案】C
【解析】考查祈使句。这是一个完整的句子，而that引导的是宾语从句，因此只能是祈使句。故选C。句意：永远记住，你的主要任务就是让这个公司平稳运行。
70.(2015﹒天津)Only when Lily walked int the ffice __ that she had left the cntract at hme.
A. she realized B. has she realized
C. she has realized D. did she realize
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同忘家里了。本题考查nly位于句首，引导的时间状语从句，主句要主谓倒装。根据时态和句意可知选D。
71.(2015﹒湖南)Only after talking t tw students ________ that having strng mtivatin is ne f the biggest factrs in reaching gals.
A. I did discver B. did I discver C. I discvered D. discvered
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析:副词nly置于句首，强调方式状语、 条件状语、地点状语、时间状语等状语时，主句要进行部分倒装。如果被nly所强调的状语为状语从句，该状语从句不倒装，只对主句进行倒装。 此题中nly作为副词放在句首修饰时间状语after talking t tw student, 所以主句要进行部分倒装。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词d,des或did,并将其置于主语之前。句意:在和两个学生交谈之后我才意识到拥有强烈的动机是达到目标的最大因素。故选B
72.(2015﹒湖南)It was when we were returning hme ________ I realized what a gd feeling it was t have helped smene in truble.
A. whichB. thatC. whereD. hw
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析：B； 根据分析：此句是It was…开头且去掉It was，when we were returning hme I realized what a gd feeling it was t have helped smene in truble.是一个完整意义上的句子，故判断此句是一个强调句，强调when we were returning hme；强调句常用句型：It is (was) +被强调部分+that(wh)… 。句意：正是在我回家的时候我才意识到帮助别人于危难之时感觉是多么令人愉悦。故选B
73.(2015﹒重庆)Bach died in 1750, but it was nt until the early 19th century____ his musical gift was fully recgnized.
A. while B. thugh C. that D. after
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析:句意:马赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪他的音乐天赋才被承认。强调句与nt until 连用。It be nt until that... 故选C项。nt until 引起的时间状语置于句首时，句子的主谓应部分倒装。由nt until 引导的时间状语从句位于句首时，主句应部分倒装,从句语序不变。如:Nt until 1998 did he return t his hmetwn.直到1998年他才回到家乡注意:当nt until引导的状语或状语从句用于强调句型时，句子的主语不倒装。如将上两句改为强调句应为:It was nt until 1998 that he returned t his hmetwn.
74.(2016﹒江苏)Nt until recently ______the develpment f turist-related activities in the rural areas.
A. they had encuragedB. had they encuraged
C. did they encurageD. they encuraged
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析:考查部分倒装。当nt until 所引导的时间状语放在句首的时候，主句要使用部分倒装句。排除AD项，B项为过去完成时，上下文中并没有体现出过去的过去的时间。句意:直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。故C正确。
75. (2016﹒天津)Yu are waiting at a wrng place. It is at the htel ____ the cach picks up turists.
A. wh B. which C. where D. that
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意：你在一个错误的地方等待。大客车是在旅店接送游客的。使用强调句，结构是：It is/was+强调部分+that+其余部分，如果强调部分是人，也可以用wh，这句话强调的是地点状语at the htel。故选D。
76.(2017﹒江苏)The publicatin f Great Expectatins, which _______ bth widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading nvelist.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析:考查主谓一致。先行词是Great Expectatins,“Great Expectatins”是书名,看做单数，所以定语从句的谓语也要使用单数形式;根据‘strengthened"可知,说的是过去，故选C。句意:《远大前程》的出版获得了广泛的认可和高度的赞扬，这坐实了狄更斯作为前沿小说家的地位。
77.(2017﹒天津)It was when I gt back t my apartment ______ I first came acrss my new neighbrs.
A. wh B. where C. which D. that
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意：当我回到我的公寓的时候，我第一次遇见了我的新邻居。本句中去掉It was 和空格，句意完整，所以本句是强调句型，强调的是时间状语，应用that。故选D。
78.(2018﹒北京)In any unsafe situatin, simply _________ the buttn and a highly-trained agent will get yu the help yu need.
A. press B. t press C. pressing D. pressed
【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的特工就会使你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词，连接并列结构，and后面是一个句子，那么，前面也应是句子，选项中只有动词原形可以构成祈使句，其余的都是非谓语动词，无法构成句子。故A选项正确。
79.(2018﹒天津) It was nly when the car pulled up in frnt f ur huse ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查强调句。句意：只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考查强调句，强调句型结构为：It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ wh(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。本题强调时间状语nly when the car pulled up in frnt f ur huse。故选B。
80.(2019﹒天津)The prfessr warned tie students that n n accunt _____________ use mbile phnes in his class.
A. shuld they B. they shuld C. dare theyD. they dare
【答案】A
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。n n accunt决不，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，应该做shuld d,敢于做dare d，根据句意表示”应该“，故选A。
81.(2020﹒全国卷II﹒语法填空)This is why decrating with plants, fruits and flwers 62 (carry) special significance.
【答案】carries
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句，从句主语为动名词短语decrating with plants, fruits and flwers，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填carries。
82.(2020﹒全国卷III﹒短文改错)My dad dn’t like the sup and I dn’t enjy apples.
【答案】
【解析考查主谓一致。句意：我爸爸不喜欢汤，我也不喜欢苹果。表示经常或反复发生的事情，用一般现在时。主语my dad是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，所以dn’t改成desn’t。
A. s B. very C. t D. rather
【答案】A
【解析】此题考查s…as….的固定结构。句意：我很少看到妈妈像现在一样为我的进步如此开心。此题考查s…as….的固定结构, 题干中的关键词是as, 译为 “像…..一样, 正如…..一样”。因此选择A。
2.(2010﹒安徽)It was frm nly a few supplies that she had bught in the village _______ the hstess cked such a nice dinner.
A. where B. that C. when D. which
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查强调句型。迷惑点在于强调部分中含有一个定语从句that she had bught in the village。
3.(2010﹒湖南)Jhn’s success has nthing t d with gd luck. It is years f hard wrk has made him what he is tday.
A. why B. when C. which D. that
【答案】D
【【解析】考查强调句型。题干为强调句型, 被强调部分为years f hard wrk, 故选D项。
4.(2010﹒江苏)—I have tried very hard t find a slutin t the prblem, but in vain. w_
—why nt cnsult with Frank? Yu see, _________.
A. great minds think alike
B. tw heads are better than ne
C. a bird in the hand is wrth tw in the bush
D. it’s better t think twice befre ding smething
【答案】B
【解析】考查谚语。表示三个臭皮匠凑成诸葛亮./ A 英雄所见略同./C 一鸟在手胜于二鸟在林./ D.三思而后行.
5.(2010﹒江苏)—Is everyne here?
—Nt yet……Lk , there_______ the rest f ur guests!
A. cme B. cmes C. is cming D. are cming
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装句及主谓一致。在there be句型中，谓语动词根据后面的主语而定。
6.(2010﹒四川)If yu have a jb, yurself t it and finally yu’ll succeed.
A. d devte B. dn’t devte C. devting D. nt devting
【答案】A
【解析】考查谓语动词的强调及 “祈使句+and+将来时句子”的固定搭配。此处应是祈使句, 又有谓语动词的强调要借助助动词d, 故选A。句意为：“如果你有了一份工作, 付出努力去做它, 最后你定能成功。”
7.(2010﹒四川)We laugh at jkes, but seldm abut hw they wrk.
A. we think B. think we C. we d think D. d we think
【答案】D
【考点】考查倒装。
seldm为否定副词放句首, 用部分倒装, 故选D。句意为 “我们因笑话而笑, 但很少去思考笑话怎样让我们笑。”
8.(2010﹒陕西)Jhn pened the dr . There _____ he had never seen befre.
A. a girl did stand B. a girl std C. did a girl stand D. std a girl
【答案】D
【解析】考查特殊句式。Here, There, Thus, Then等副词位于句首, 且当句子的主语是名词时, 句子用全部倒装句, 选D。
9.(2010﹒浙江)The experiment shws that prper amunts f exercise, if regularly, can imprve ur health.
A. being carried ut B. carrying ut C. carried ut D. t carry ut
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查if条件句中的省略情况。本句的句子的主语是the experiment；谓语动词是shws；that引导宾语从句, 宾语从句的主干事：prper amunts f exercise can imprve ur health, if_____ regularly是插入的条件从句, 从句的主语是prper amunts f exercise, 此时应用it代替前面提到的主语, 条件句的主语与主句的主语一致, 并且含有is, 故省略了it is, 完整形式是：if it is carried ut。句意为：这项实验表明, 适当的运动, 如果有规律的进行, 能够有助于我们的身体健康。
10.(2010﹒江西)Nt until he left his hme ___ t knw hw imprtant the family was fr him.
A did he begin B had he begun C he began D he had begun
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装。nt until放在句首要用部分倒装, 翻译为直到, 所以begin发生在left之后或同时发生
11.(2010﹒重庆)At the meeting place f the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, ne f the ten largest cities in China.
A. lies Chngqing B. Chngqing lies C. des lie Chngqing D. des Chngqing lie
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装。表示方位的地点状语提前, 句子完全倒装, 所以选A项。
12.(2010﹒湖北)Only if peple f all the cuntries are united ________（我们才能解决）the existing prblems in the wrld. (slve)
【答案】will we be able t slve/can we slve.
【解析】考查倒装。nly位于句首修饰状语从句要倒装。根据 “主将从现”的原则可以确认主句的助动词是“will”, 或者使用情态动词“can”。
13.(2011﹒全国卷I)Try____ she might, Sue culdn’t get the dr pen.
A. if B. when C. sine D. as
【答案】D
【解析】本题考察倒装。As引导的让步状语从句，应将状语、表语甚至谓语提前构成形式上的倒装。题目前半句说，她试过；后半句说Sue不能打开门，明显前后两句意思相反。As表示虽然，尽管。
14.(2011﹒全国卷I)Only when he reached the tea-huse ______it was the same place he’d been in last year.
A. he realized B. he did realize C. realized he D. did he realize
【答案】D
【解析】本题考察倒装句。Only引导的状语从句位于句首，应把主句中动词的助动词提前构成部分倒装。
15.(2011﹒福建)—It’s nice. Never befre____ such a special drink!
—I’m glad yu like it.
A.I have had B. I had C. have I had D. had I
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态及倒装。never是否定副词，置于句首，句子要部分倒装；由语意可知说话人以前从未喝过这样特别的饮料，应该用现在完成时，故选C项。
16.(2011﹒湖南)Only after they had discussed the matter fr a few hurs _______a decisin
A. they reached B. did they reach C. they reach D. d they reach
【答案】B
【解析】本题考察nly前置的倒装句。Only引导状语从句前置，主句主谓要部分倒装。又因为从前文中的"had discussed"判断出是过去时间，故选B；句意：只有在他们讨论这个问题好几个小时之后他们才作出决定。
17.(2011﹒四川)Was it n a lnely island ______ he was saved ne mnth after the bat went dwn?
A. where B. that C. which D. what
【答案】B
【解析】考查强调句。此处强调的是句子的地点状语n a lnely island，是强调句的一般疑问句句型：Was it + 被强调部分+ that +句子？句意：“他是不是在小船沉没一个月后在一个孤岛上被营救的？”
18.(2011﹒陕西)It is nt hw much we d but hw much lve we put int what we d____benefits ur wrk mst.
A. wh B. which C. that D. what
【答案】C
【解析】考查强调句。强调句型:It is/was +被强调部分+that连接句子的其他部分。答案选择C。
19.(2011﹒重庆)I tld them nt everybdy culd run as fast as yu did, ______ ?
A. culd he B. didn’t I C. didn’t yu D. culd they
【答案】B
【解析】考查反义疑问句。反义疑问句的基本原则就是与主句主谓保持一致。陈述部分为肯定，故附加部分为否定，本句含有一个宾语从句且主句为“I tld them……，所以选择B。句意：我告诉他们并非每个人都可以跑得和你一样快，不是吗？
20.(2011﹒重庆)—Have yu seem the film Under the Hawthrn Tree?
— Of curse, I have. It was in ur village _______ it was made.
A.that B.where C.when D.which
【答案】A
【解析】考查强调句。问话人询问对方是否看过《山楂树之恋》这部电影，答话人回答说当然看过，这部电影是在自己的村庄拍摄的。本句是强调句，被强调的部分是地点状语in ur village。强调状语in ur village。
21.(2011﹒湖南)It’s nt what we d nce in a while ______ shapes ur lives, but what we d cnsistently
A .which B. that C. hw D. when
【答案】B
【解析】本题考察强调句型。本题考察强调句型。强调主语。故选B。句子意思：决定我们生活的东西不是我们偶尔所做的事情而是那些我们自始至终所做的事情。
22.(2011﹒全国卷II)Jane wn’t jin us fr dinner tnight and .
A. neither wn’t Tm B. Tm wn’t either
C. Tm will t D. s will Tm
【答案】B
【解析】考查特殊句式。句意：简不会来参加我们今晚的宴会，汤姆也不会来。此处是否定句，故使用either，而t一般用于肯定句中。此处也可以用s倒装的否定式，即neither/nr will Tm.注意A项中neither表否定意义，所以不能用wn’t。
23.(2011﹒江苏)It sunds like smething is wrng with the car’s engine._______ , we’d better take it t the garage immediately.
A. Otherwise B. If nt C. But fr that D. If s
【答案】D
【解析】考查省略和替代。句意：听起来车的发动机好像有问题，如果那样的话，我们最好立刻把它弄到汽修厂去。前后两句话之间是顺承关系。Otherwise否则，要不然；if nt要不，不然；but fr that若不是因为那件事；if s若是这样。
24.(2011﹒辽宁)_____ a strange plant! I've never seen it befre.
A. Which B. What C. Hw D. Whether
【答案】B
【解析】考查感叹句。句意：多么奇怪的植物啊！我以前从没见过。此处为“What+a/an十adj.+n.+it is/was”的省略结构，故B项正确。
25.(2011﹒上海)It desn’t matter if they want t cme t yur party, _______?
A. desn’t itB. des itC. dn’t theyD. d they
【答案】B
【解析】考查反义疑问句。反义疑问句的基本原则就是与主句主谓保持一致。陈述部分为否定，故附加部分为肯定，句意：他们是否来参加你的派对，没有关系，是吗？
26.(2012﹒江西)Never befre seen anybdy wh can play tennis as well as Rbert.
A.had she B.she had C.has she D.she has
【答案】C
【解析】考查部分倒装。句首有关键词Never，否定词提前到句首，句子部分倒装。排除B,D。再根据句子时态，应用现在完成时，故选C。
(2012﹒江西)He seems t be giving the impressin that he didn’t enjy himself in Paris. , he had a wnderful time.
A.Abve allB.What’s mreC.As a resultD.On the cntrary
【答案】D
【解析】句意为他似乎给人们留下一种在巴黎玩得不开心的印象______他玩得很开心。前后句有转折之意，故选D恰恰相反。A首先，B此外，C结果是。
28.(2012﹒浙江)Had they knwn what was cming next, they________ secnd thughts.
A. may haveB. culd haveC. must have had D. might have had
【答案】D
【解析】本句是一个倒装句，可还原为：if they had knwn what was cming next, they might have had secnd thught。根据had knwn提示，可知是与过去事实相反，因此虚拟语气主句中应该用wuld/might +have dne，由此可见答案D符合语境。
29.(2012﹒江苏)There is little dubt in yur mind that he is inncent, _______________?
A. is thereB. isn't thereC. is heD. isn't he
【答案】A
【解析】根据前面there be 句里含有否定意义的词little，所以反意疑问句用肯定形式，其主谓应与陈述部分的主谓保持一致，故选A项。
30.(2012﹒重庆)The headmaster will nt permit the change in the curse, nr______ it a thught.
A. des he even given B. he even gives C. whether D. he will even given
【答案】C
【解析】空白处前为否定词“nr”位于句首，句子应该使用部分倒装结构，而且根据语境空白处应使用一般将来时，C选项符合题意。因此，正确答案为C选项。
31. (2012﹒重庆)It was 80 years befre Christpher Clumbus crssed the Atlantic______ Zheng sailed t East Africa
A. when B. that C. after D. since
【答案】B
【解析】句子虽然比较长，但是其主干为强调句型，是对“80 years befre Christpher Clumbus crssed the Atlantic”进行了强调，由此可知，空白处应该填写“that”。因此，正确答案为B选项。
32.(2012﹒辽宁)Nt until he retired frm teaching three years ag having a hliday abrad.
A. he had cnsidered B. had he cnsidered
C. he cnsidered D. did he cnsider
【答案】D
【解析】Nt until位于句首时句子要倒装，cnsider having a hliday abrad这个动作发生在retire之后，所以用一般过去时。
33. (2012﹒四川)At schl, sme students are active ______ sme are shy, yet they can be gd friends with ne anther.
A. while B. althugh C. s D. as
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查并列连词。题干句意为：在学校，一些学生很活跃而一些却很害羞，然而他们都可能彼此成为好朋友。根据句意选while，表示两个分句中两种情况的对比。
34.(2012﹒四川)This is nt my stry, nr ______ the whle stry. My stry plays ut differently.
A. is there B. there is C. is it D. it is
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查倒装句。nr位于句首引起部分倒装，排除B、D；再根据句意“这并不是（关于）我的故事，它也不是故事的全部。我的故事的结局不同。”选代词it。故答案选C。
35.(2012﹒陕西)The basketball cach, as well as his team , ______interviewed shrtly after the match fr their utstanding perfrmance.
A. were B. was C. is D. are
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语中心词是the basketball cach，是单数，根据shrtly after the match可以推断出题干时态是一般过去时，故选B。
36.(2012﹒北京)______ at the dr befre yu enter my rm, please.
A. Knck B. Kncking C. Kncked D. T knck
【答案】A
【解析】祈使句考点，用动词原形。
37.(2013﹒北京)The famus musician, as well as his students, ____ t perfrm at the pening ceremny f the 2012 Taipei Flwer Exp.
A. were invitedB. was invited C. have been invitedD. has been invited
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查主谓一致。这个著名的音乐家和他的学生被邀请在2012年的台北花展上演出。主语是The famus musician，尽管后面跟有介词或介词词组作附属修饰语，谓语动词仍用单数形式。排除A和C；2012 Taipei Flwer Exp是一个过去的时间，动作已经发生，和现在没有关系，没必要用现在完成时，排除D。
38.(2013﹒福建)Dn’t turn ff the cmputer befre clsing all prgrams ______ yu culd have prblems
A. rB. andC. butD. s
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查并列句的连词。在关闭所有程序之间不要关电脑，否则可能会出问题。考查句式：祈使句+and/r+陈述句，根据句意，选A。
39.(2013﹒福建)Nt until he went thrugh real hardship _____the lve we have fr ur families is imprtant.
A. had he realizedB. did he realize C. he realizedD. he had realized
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查倒装结构。直到他经历了真正的艰难之后才意识到我们对家庭的爱是很重要的。含有否定意义的副词、连词或短语放在句首时，要用部分倒装结构。由he went thrugh real hardship可知动作已经发生，与现在的动作没有关系，用一般过去式，所以B正确。D选项的意思是先认识后经历，不符合本文所表达的意思。
40.(2013﹒江苏) Generally, students’ inner mtivatin with high expectatins frm thers ______ essential t their develpment.
A. isB. areC. wasD. were
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查主谓一致用法。一般说来，他人对其期望值高的学生的内在动机对自身的发展是至关重要的。分析句子结构，主语为students’ inner mtivatin with high expectatins frm thers，中心词为inner mtivatin，显然为第三人称单数。再根据generally（一般说来），可见讲通常情况，所以用一般现在时。故选择A。
41.(2013﹒江苏) Shrtly after suffering frm a massive earthquake and ______ t ruins, the city tk n a new lk.
A. reducingB. reducedC. being reduced D. having reduced
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查时间状语从句的省略用法。在遭受大地震，沦为废墟之后不久，这座城市就呈现出新的面貌。Shrtly after在……之后不久，引导时间状语从句。时间状语从句中，当主语与主句主语一致时，为避免重复，从句可用省略句。根据短语reduce the city t ruins（使城市沦为废墟），可见reduce与逻辑主语the city构成被动关系，排除A，D；而and连接两个并列成分，suffering frm a massive earthquake and ______ t ruins，根据suffering的形式，确定答案为being reduced。故选C。
42.(2013﹒江西) Only when he aplgizes fr his rudeness ____t him again.
A. I will speak.B. will I speak.C. d I speak.D. I speak.
【答案】B
【解析】考查倒装句。只有当他为他的粗鲁道歉的时候，我才会再跟他说话。本题的第一个关键词是nly。当nly放在句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时，主句用部分倒装。第二个关键点是when引导的时间状语从句，有“主将从现”的用法，本题中从句用的是一般现在时，因此主句用一般将来时。
43.(2013﹒江西) If _____ t lk after luggage fr smene else, infrm the plice at nce.
A. askedB. t askC. askingD. having asked
【答案】A
【解析】考查省略句。如果有人让你替别人照看行李，请马上通知警察。在if引导的从句中，如果从句的主要动词是be，常将主语和be省略。解题关键：观察题目与选项。本题主句是祈使句，祈使句通常是动词原形开头，省略主语yu，再观察选项，ask与yu是动宾关系，因此从句的完整表达方式是if yu are asked……。因此，锁定答案A.与if用法一样的还有when、thugh、as if等连词。
44.(2013﹒湖南) Every day ________ a prverb alud several times until yu have it memrized.
A.read B.reading C.t read D.reads
【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。每天朗读几遍谚语知道你记住为止。解题关键：区分谓语与非谓语。1.去掉until引导的状语从句，主句要有谓语动词，就可排除B、C两个答案；2.主句缺主语，判断出本句为祈使句，排除D。
45.(2013﹒湖南) The university estimates that living expenses fr internatinal students ________ arund $8，450 a year, which ________ a burden fr sme f them.
A.are；is B.are，are C.is，are D.is，is
【答案】A
【解析】考查主谓一致。这所大学估算国际学生的生活费用大约一年8450美元，这对一些国际学生来说是一种负担。fr internatinal students 修饰主语的中心语the living expenses ，谓语动词要选are，排除C、D；which在从句中从当主语指代$8450 a year，以及a burden可判断出后一个空格选择is。
46.(2013﹒湖南) Nt nce ________ t Michael that he culd ne day becme a tp student in his class.
A.ccurred it B.it did ccur C.it ccurred D.did it ccur
【答案】D
【解析】考查倒装句。迈克尔从来没想到他居然会成为班上的拔尖学生。否定副词nt位于句首，句子应该使用部分倒装结构。部分倒装：（1）以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装；（2）以“nly+状语”开头的句子；（3）以“s+形容词或副词”开头的句子；（4）s表示“也，也是”的意义。如：She wrked hard, s did her husband.
Only after he had spken ut the wrd did he realize he had made a big mistake.
Nt until yesterday did little Jhn change his mind.
47.(2013﹒辽宁) At n time _____ the rules f the game. It was unfair t punish them.
A. they actually brke B. d they actually break
C. did they actually break D. they had actually brken
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查动词时态和倒装用法。事实上他们绝对没有违反游戏规则。惩罚他们是不公平的。当否定词或具有否定含义的短语置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。at n time意为“绝不，在任何时候都不”，置于句首用部分倒装，故排除A，D。再根据已知时态was，可知讲的是过去的情况，所以选择C。
48.(2013﹒上海) Amng the crises that face humans ______ the lack f natural resurces.
A. is B. areC. is thereD. are there
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装和主谓一致。自然资源的缺乏是人类面临的危机之一。根据介词短语不可以做主语的原则，可判断出这是一个倒装句，主语为the lack f natural resurces，中心词为lack，所以用单数的is。这是典型的“主系表”倒装为“表系主”，介词短语amng the crises that face humans做表语。
49.(2013﹒四川) Read this stry, ______ yu will realize that nt everything can be bught with mney.
A. r B. and C. but D. s
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查并列句。看看这个故事，你就会明白不是所有的东西都可以用钱买到的。“祈使句 + and/r +陈述句”是一个固定句式，根据句意，选B。
50.(2013﹒天津) It was nt until near the end f the letter ______ she mentined her wn plan.
A. that B. whereC. whyD. when
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查强调句型。直到在这封信的末尾他才提到自己的计划。强调句的基本机构：It is/was+被强调部分+that/wh+句子的其他部分，本句中强调的是时间状语从句所以用that。本题个别考生易误解成定语从句。
51.(2013﹒全国卷II) I was glad t meet Jenny again, ____ I didn't want t spend all day with her.
A. butB. andC.sD. r
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查并列句。我很高兴再次见到詹尼，但是，我不想一整天都跟她一起度过。解题关键是弄清前后句子之间的逻辑关系。前面说见面高兴，后面却说不想整天跟她呆在一起，明显是转折关系，要用连词but。
52.(2013﹒全国卷II) It was nly after he had read the papers ______ Mr. Grss realized the task befre him was extremely difficult t cmplete.
A whenB. thatC. whichD. what
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查强调句型。Grss先生读了这些报告之后才意识到，他面前的这个任务非常难完成。“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that 从句”是一个固定的句式，当被强调的部分是物时，连词只能用that，因此锁定正确答案。
53.(2013﹒全国卷II) Only by increasing the number f dctrs by 50 percent ______ prperly in this hspital.
A. can be the patientsB. can the patients be treated
C. the patients can be treatedD. treated can be the patients
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查倒装句。在这个医院里，只有把医生的数量增加50%，才够治疗所有的病人。nly 开头，后面紧跟一个介词短语，后面的谓语动词要部分倒装，即把其中的助动词或者情态动词提到主语的前面，因此正确答案是B。
54.(2013﹒浙江) There are sme health prblems that, when ______ in time, can becme bigger nes later n.
A. nt treatedB. nt being treated
C. nt t be treatedD. nt have been treated
【答案】A
【解析】考查省略和非谓语动词。有些健康问题如果不及时治疗 ，不久可能就变成大问题。when 后面如果用完整的句子表达，它的主语就是prblems，因此主语和它后面的be 动词可以一起省略，相当于“ when they are nt treated”。
55.(2013﹒重庆) It's nt easy t change habits, ______ with awareness and self-cntrl, it is pssible.
A. frB. rC. butD. s
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查并列句。改变习惯不容易，但如果是有意识的并且自控，就可能做到。空处前面说的是不容易，后面说的是可能，显然是转折关系。
56.(2013﹒重庆) It was with the help f the lcal guide ______ the muntain climber was rescued.
A. whB. thatC. whenD. hw
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查强调句型。在当地导游的帮助下，登山者才得以获救。
It is/was+被强调部分+that/wh(m)是固定的强调句型，被强调的部分无论是人是物，都可以用that；被强调部分如果是人，可以用wh或者whm。本句中被强调的部分并不是the lcal guide，而是介词短语“with the help f the lcal guide”，所以不能用wh，而必须用that。
57.(2014﹒大纲卷) ________the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hurs as well.
A. Nt d nly B. D nt nly
C. Only nt d D. Nt nly d
【答案】D
【解析】考查倒装句。句意：护士们不仅要求涨工资而且也要求减少劳动时间。此处后面的but als被省略，nt nly引导的句子置于句首时，要部分倒装。故选D。
58.(2014﹒大纲卷) ________ me tmrrw and I'll let yu knw the lab result.
A. Calling B. Call C. T call D. Having called
【答案】B
【解析】考查特殊句式。句意：明天给我打电+话，我会告诉你实验的结果。此句是祈使句，故用动词原形。故选B。
59.(2014﹒福建) The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, ________， reaching 30℃ in summer.
A.if nt B.if ever C.if any D.if s
【答案】B
【解析】考查特殊句式(省略)。句意：这儿的气候很宜人。在夏天时，气温很少达到30℃，如果曾经有过的话。根据句意可知，条件句应该是if the temperature ever reaches 30℃ in summer，其省略形式是if ever，故选择B项。 if nt如果不；if any如果(有)任何(……)；if s如果这样。
60.(2014﹒福建)It was the culture, rather than the language, ________made it hard fr him t adapt t the new envirnment abrad.
A.where B.why C.that D.what
【答案】C
【解析】考查特殊句式(强调句型)。句意：正是文化而非语言使得他很难适应国外的新环境。本句去掉it was和that之后，剩余部分仍然能够构成一个结构正确、意义完整的句子，故确定其为强调句型，选择C项。
61.(2014﹒湖南)Only when yu can find peace in yur heart ____ gd relatinships with thers.
A. will yu keep B. yu will keep C. yu kept D. did yu keep
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装句。句意：只有当你内心感觉平和时，你才能与别人保持良好的关系。副词nly位于句首，引起部分倒装，可排除B、C；根据时间状语从句中的时态可排除D项。
62.(2014﹒湖南)________what yu're ding tday imprtant, because yu're trading a day f yur life fr it.
A. Make B. T make C. Making D. Made
【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。句意：使你今天正在做的变得重要，因为你正在用你生命中的一天与之交换。题干中逗号后是一个原因状语从句，因此前面必须是一个主句才能成立。只有用动词原形才能构成一个祈使句，才是一个完整的句子。
63.(2014﹒湖南﹒T33)It's nt ding the things we like, but liking the things we have t d ________ makes life happy.
A. that B. which C. what D. wh
【答案】A
【解析】考查强调句型。句意：使生活变得更加快乐的不是做我们喜欢的事，而是喜欢我们必须要做的事。这里是强调句型，把it's和that去掉之后，句子仍成立。
64.(2014﹒陕西) N sner ________ stepped n the stage than the audience brke int thunderus applause.
A. had M Yan B. M Yan had C. has M Yan D. M Yan has
【答案】A
【解析】考查特殊句式。n sner…than…引导时间状语从句，且当n sner位于主句句首时，主句用部分倒装形式，即将主句谓语中的助动词、系动词或情态动词提到其主语前，故选A。
65.(2014﹒四川)Was it because Jack came late fr schl ________ Mr Smith gt angry?
A.why B.wh C.where D.that
【答案】D
【解析】考查特殊句式。此题考查的是强调句的一般疑问句，所强调的成分为原因状语从句because Jack came late fr schl，故用that。句意：是不是因为杰克上学迟到老师才生气的？
66.(2014﹒天津) Give me a chance, ________ I'll give yu a wnderful surprise.
A. if B. r C. and D. while
【答案】C
【解析】考查并列句。句意：给我一个机会，我会给你一个绝妙的惊喜。本句是一个表示顺接关系的句子，故用and连接。if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句；r表示“否则，要不然”，表示一种相反的假设；while意为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句，若意为“虽然，尽管”，则引导让步状语从句。
67.(2014﹒重庆)—I spent tw weeks in Lndn last summer.
—Then yu must have visited the British Museum during yur stay, ________ yu?
A. mustn't B. haven't C. didn't D. hadn't
【答案】C
【解析】考查特殊句型的用法。在“…must have dne…”这个表示对过去的推测的句型中，反义疑问句不可用must的任何形式，因为must用于表推测时仅能用于肯定句。若语境中有明确地表示过去的时间状语，反义疑问句必须用过去时的否定式，若没有明确地表示过去的时间状语且强调现状则用完成时。该题中上句有last summer，故选C。
68.(2015﹒湖南)It is imprtant t remember that success ________ a sum f small effrts made each day and ften ________ years f achieve.
A. is; takesB. are; takesC. are; takeD. is; take
【答案】A
【解析】试题分析：主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。根据分析，第一空的谓语要填一个单数，因为此宾语从句：…that success a sum f…day.的主语是success，一个单数名词，故谓语要用is；后面的句子：ften years t achieve.的主语也是success，故第二空的谓语也是一个单数形式。句意：成功是将每天一小点努力积累起来，是需要多年的努力去达到，记住这些很重要。
69.(2015﹒湖南)Always ________ in mind that yur main task is t get this cmpany running smthly.
A. t keep B. t have kept C.keep D.have kept
【答案】C
【解析】考查祈使句。这是一个完整的句子，而that引导的是宾语从句，因此只能是祈使句。故选C。句意：永远记住，你的主要任务就是让这个公司平稳运行。
70.(2015﹒天津)Only when Lily walked int the ffice __ that she had left the cntract at hme.
A. she realized B. has she realized
C. she has realized D. did she realize
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同忘家里了。本题考查nly位于句首，引导的时间状语从句，主句要主谓倒装。根据时态和句意可知选D。
71.(2015﹒湖南)Only after talking t tw students ________ that having strng mtivatin is ne f the biggest factrs in reaching gals.
A. I did discver B. did I discver C. I discvered D. discvered
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析:副词nly置于句首，强调方式状语、 条件状语、地点状语、时间状语等状语时，主句要进行部分倒装。如果被nly所强调的状语为状语从句，该状语从句不倒装，只对主句进行倒装。 此题中nly作为副词放在句首修饰时间状语after talking t tw student, 所以主句要进行部分倒装。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词d,des或did,并将其置于主语之前。句意:在和两个学生交谈之后我才意识到拥有强烈的动机是达到目标的最大因素。故选B
72.(2015﹒湖南)It was when we were returning hme ________ I realized what a gd feeling it was t have helped smene in truble.
A. whichB. thatC. whereD. hw
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析：B； 根据分析：此句是It was…开头且去掉It was，when we were returning hme I realized what a gd feeling it was t have helped smene in truble.是一个完整意义上的句子，故判断此句是一个强调句，强调when we were returning hme；强调句常用句型：It is (was) +被强调部分+that(wh)… 。句意：正是在我回家的时候我才意识到帮助别人于危难之时感觉是多么令人愉悦。故选B
73.(2015﹒重庆)Bach died in 1750, but it was nt until the early 19th century____ his musical gift was fully recgnized.
A. while B. thugh C. that D. after
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析:句意:马赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪他的音乐天赋才被承认。强调句与nt until 连用。It be nt until that... 故选C项。nt until 引起的时间状语置于句首时，句子的主谓应部分倒装。由nt until 引导的时间状语从句位于句首时，主句应部分倒装,从句语序不变。如:Nt until 1998 did he return t his hmetwn.直到1998年他才回到家乡注意:当nt until引导的状语或状语从句用于强调句型时，句子的主语不倒装。如将上两句改为强调句应为:It was nt until 1998 that he returned t his hmetwn.
74.(2016﹒江苏)Nt until recently ______the develpment f turist-related activities in the rural areas.
A. they had encuragedB. had they encuraged
C. did they encurageD. they encuraged
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析:考查部分倒装。当nt until 所引导的时间状语放在句首的时候，主句要使用部分倒装句。排除AD项，B项为过去完成时，上下文中并没有体现出过去的过去的时间。句意:直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。故C正确。
75. (2016﹒天津)Yu are waiting at a wrng place. It is at the htel ____ the cach picks up turists.
A. wh B. which C. where D. that
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意：你在一个错误的地方等待。大客车是在旅店接送游客的。使用强调句，结构是：It is/was+强调部分+that+其余部分，如果强调部分是人，也可以用wh，这句话强调的是地点状语at the htel。故选D。
76.(2017﹒江苏)The publicatin f Great Expectatins, which _______ bth widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading nvelist.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析:考查主谓一致。先行词是Great Expectatins,“Great Expectatins”是书名,看做单数，所以定语从句的谓语也要使用单数形式;根据‘strengthened"可知,说的是过去，故选C。句意:《远大前程》的出版获得了广泛的认可和高度的赞扬，这坐实了狄更斯作为前沿小说家的地位。
77.(2017﹒天津)It was when I gt back t my apartment ______ I first came acrss my new neighbrs.
A. wh B. where C. which D. that
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意：当我回到我的公寓的时候，我第一次遇见了我的新邻居。本句中去掉It was 和空格，句意完整，所以本句是强调句型，强调的是时间状语，应用that。故选D。
78.(2018﹒北京)In any unsafe situatin, simply _________ the buttn and a highly-trained agent will get yu the help yu need.
A. press B. t press C. pressing D. pressed
【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的特工就会使你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词，连接并列结构，and后面是一个句子，那么，前面也应是句子，选项中只有动词原形可以构成祈使句，其余的都是非谓语动词，无法构成句子。故A选项正确。
79.(2018﹒天津) It was nly when the car pulled up in frnt f ur huse ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查强调句。句意：只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考查强调句，强调句型结构为：It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ wh(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。本题强调时间状语nly when the car pulled up in frnt f ur huse。故选B。
80.(2019﹒天津)The prfessr warned tie students that n n accunt _____________ use mbile phnes in his class.
A. shuld they B. they shuld C. dare theyD. they dare
【答案】A
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。n n accunt决不，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，应该做shuld d,敢于做dare d，根据句意表示”应该“，故选A。
81.(2020﹒全国卷II﹒语法填空)This is why decrating with plants, fruits and flwers 62 (carry) special significance.
【答案】carries
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句，从句主语为动名词短语decrating with plants, fruits and flwers，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填carries。
82.(2020﹒全国卷III﹒短文改错)My dad dn’t like the sup and I dn’t enjy apples.
【答案】
【解析考查主谓一致。句意：我爸爸不喜欢汤，我也不喜欢苹果。表示经常或反复发生的事情，用一般现在时。主语my dad是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，所以dn’t改成desn’t。
相关试卷
(2011-2020)高考英语十年真题分项汇编专题14 英语句法之特殊句式 (含解析)： 这是一份(2011-2020)高考英语十年真题分项汇编专题14 英语句法之特殊句式 (含解析)，共21页。
历年高考英语真题专项解析 专题14.英语句法之特殊句式： 这是一份历年高考英语真题专项解析 专题14.英语句法之特殊句式，共20页。
高考英语（2011~2020）真题专项练习 专题13.英语句法之时态和语态： 这是一份高考英语（2011~2020）真题专项练习 专题13.英语句法之时态和语态，共47页。
