2020-2013年英语高考真题语法填空题分类汇编及答案

2020-2013年英语高考真题语法填空题分类汇编及答案
一、2020年高考真题
I.记叙文
1. 【2020·全国卷I】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61． (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62． (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63． it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64． (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so 65． the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66． (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 67． (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68． (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69． ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70． (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.

2. 【2020·全国卷II】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Deorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 61． (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62． (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 63． (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more 64． decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifs and you see them many times 65． (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 66． (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67． health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 68． (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 69． (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 70． first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.

3. 【2020·全国卷III】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In ancient China lived an artist61． paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62． (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would63．(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River～perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 64． (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 65． he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66． (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67． (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, 68． (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds69． (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist 70． earth, Mother Nature.

4. 【2020·山东卷】
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36． (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 37． until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38． (form) the core collection of the British Museum 39． opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public 40． (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection 41． (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42． (they) living at a different time in history or 43．(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 44． (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 45．people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.

5. 【2020·浙江卷】
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 56． ，through agriculture. Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on 57． could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
Farming produced more food per person 58． hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children. And，as more children were born，more food 59．(need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60．(change)lives.
By about 6000 BC，people 61． (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later，they learned to work with the 62． (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， 63． (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with 64． rise of science，changes began. New methods 65． (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so，these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥)have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.



一、2019年高考真题
I.记叙文

1. 【2019·全国卷I】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modem methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ___65___ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually are. Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.

2. 【2019·全国卷II】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans ___65___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___ because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was ___69___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's ___70___ (wonder).”

3. 【2019·全国卷III】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ___63___ dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ___65___(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting ___66___(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many ___67___(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were ___68___ (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.

4. 【2019·浙江卷】
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ___56___ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ___60___ (easy) see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ___61___ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades ___62___ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ___64___(connect) between uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are ___65___ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.

5. 【2019·北京卷】
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ___1___(voice)my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
B
Earth Day，___4___(mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated ___5___ 1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区). No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various ___6___(activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save power—the possibilities are endless.

C
Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question ___7___(suggest)that，for most students，it doesn't. What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go. The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life. taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源)，Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ___10___(meaning)college experience.



语法填空
2018年
Cloze 1 2018全国卷Ⅰ，15分 话题：跑步带来多种健康益处 词数：174
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 1 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 2 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3 (die) early by running.
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 4 (be) more effective at lengthening life 5 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7 (cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 8 (strength) your leg muscles(肌肉），avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always
9 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 10 a try.

Cloze 2 2018全国卷II，15分 话题：调整农业结构 词数：184
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 1 (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 2 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is 3 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise:The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 4 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 5 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 6 (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 7 (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government 8 (start) a soil-testing program 9 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while 10 (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide," says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.

Cloze 3 2018全国卷III，15分 话题：邂逅大猩猩 词数：184
I’m not sure 1 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 2 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 3 (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 4 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 5 (challenge).、
My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a 6 (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 7 these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 8 (they) alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal 9 (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: "I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 10 (stay) and watch.

Cloze 4 2018浙江，15分 话题：享受做饭的乐趣 词数：191
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 1 （dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 2 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 3 can be to eat out. I still remember 4 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I 5 （shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
While regularly eating out seems to 6 (become)common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 7 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 8 (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 9 (weigh) problems.
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home 10 dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.

2017年
Cloze 1 2017全国卷Ⅰ，15分 话题：饮食与健康 词数：196
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 1 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 5 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7 (be) full of fat and salt; by 8 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10 is not good for the health.
Cloze 2 2017全国卷Ⅱ，15分 话题：地下客运铁路 词数：181
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people 〖STF5〗to avoid terrible 1 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 2 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road,  3  (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 4 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines 5 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 6 (fair)
unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 7 every day.
Later, engineers 8 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 9 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 10 (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
Cloze 3 2017全国卷Ⅲ，15分 话题：上学的同时兼职做模特 词数：196
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 1 (rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as 2 model in New York.
Sarah 3 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 4 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 5 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 6 (educate).
She has turned down several 7 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 8 engineering or architecture.
Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 9 (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 10 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more."
Cloze 4 2017浙江，15分 话题：16年前的戒指失而复得 词数：181
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 1 (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 2 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.
Pahlsson screamed 3 loudly that her daughter came running from the house. "She thought I had hurt 4 (I)," says Pahlsson.
Sixteen years 5 (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 6 (cook) a meal.When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters — then ten, eight, and six — had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. Pahlsson and her husband  7  (search) the kitchen, checking every corner,but turned up nothing."I gave up hope of finding my ring again,"she says.She never replaced it.
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 8 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 9 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.For Pahlsson,its return was 10 wonder.
2012——2016年
Cloze 1 2016全国卷Ⅰ，15分 词数：180
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 1 (attract).
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I 2 (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 3 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 4 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 5 I was the first Western TV reporter 6 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 7 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 8 (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few 9 (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 10 other is with mum — she never suspects.
Cloze 2 2016全国卷Ⅱ，15分 词数：188
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of 1 (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of 2 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 3 (be) often acceptable.
Most of us are more focused 4 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 5 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.
Recent 6 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 7 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 8 while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.
If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely 9 (bring) your work home. It could be anything — gardening, cooking, music, sports — but whatever it is, 10 (make) sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
Cloze 3 2016全国卷Ⅲ，15分 词数：178
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In much of Asia, especially the so-called "rice bowl" cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 1 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 2 (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 3 (create) special designs.
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 4 (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it. Over time, 5 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 6 (gradual) turned into chopsticks.
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 7 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 8 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 9 (be) too violent for use at the table.
Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 10 their hands.
Cloze 4 2016四川，15分 词数：186
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The giant panda 1 （love）by people throughout the world. Chinese scientists 2 (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. She was a very 3 (care) mother. For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something 4 (eat)! She would not let any other pandas come near. She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean. Any smell might attract natural 5 (enemy) that would try to eat the little panda. The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. 6 it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats. The mother continued to care for the young panda 7 more than two years. By that time, the panda no longer needed 8 (it) mother for food. However, it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest. Then, after two and a half years, the mother 9 (drive) the young panda away. It was time for her to have a new baby, 10 it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
Cloze 5 2015新课标全国Ⅰ，15分 词数:182
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yangshuo, China
It was raining lightly when I 1 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn't care. A few hours 2 , I'd been at home in Hong Kong, with 3 (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.
I'd skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5 (painting). Instead, I'd headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it's only an hour away 6 car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.
Yangshuo 7 (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers 8 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 9 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
Cloze 6 2015新课标全国Ⅱ，15分 词数:176
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 1 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2 most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 3 (able) to "air condition" a house without 4 (use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5 (slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6 (cool) the house during the hot day; 7 the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 8 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset (抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 9 (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

Cloze 7 2015广东，15分 词数:187
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned 1 farm, which looked almost abandoned. 2 (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby 3 other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what 4 (leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass 5 it began to rain heavily. While making great efforts to run away, she 6 (fall) over the hill and died. Then the Johnsons had to make a living 7 the cow. In order to support his family, Mr. Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees 8 (sell) the wood. Thinking about his children's clothes, he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market 9 people from the towns met regularly. Now it occurred to 10 that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.

Cloze 8 2014新课标全国Ⅰ，15分 词数:188
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?
In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 1 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 2 (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 3 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
But the river wasn't changed in a few days 4 even a few months. It took years of work 5 (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 6 (clean) than ever.
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 7 is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
While there are 8 (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 9 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 10 (patience).

Cloze 9 2014 新课标全国Ⅱ，15分 词数:195
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 1 (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, 2 some of them looked very anxious and 3 (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next 4 the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike 5 (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused 6 (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept 7 (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked," 8 anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?" A woman on the bus shouted, "Oh dear! It's 9 (I)." She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers 10 (sudden) became friendly to one another.

Cloze 10 2014 广东，15分 词数:196
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said 1 was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.
After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months 2 (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 3 (tell) that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week, 4 for the week after. I didn't understand 5 this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 6 the reservation. What's worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 7 (surprise) helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 8 top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren't charged extra.
The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 9 we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little 10 (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.

Cloze 11 2013 广东，15分 词数:203
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
One day,Nick invited his friends to supper.He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.Suddenly,he 1 (find) that he had run out of salt.So Nick called to his son, "Go to the village and buy some salt,but pay a fair price for it:neither too much 2 too little."
His son looked surprised. "I can understand why I shouldn't pay too much,Father,but if I can pay less, 3 not save a bit of money?"
"That would be a very 4 (reason) thing to do in a big city,but it could destroy a small village like ours,"Nick said.
Nick's guests, 5 had heard their conversation,asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.Nick replied,"The only reason a man would sell salt 6 a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 7 the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it."
"But such a small thing couldn't 8 (possible) destroy a village."
"In the beginning,there was only 9 very small amount of unfairness in the world,but everyone added a little,always 10 (think) that it was only small and not very important,and look where we have ended up today."

Cloze 12 2012 广东，15分 词数:213
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, 1 (wear) sun glasses.He walked in as if he 2 (buy) the school.And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.
For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt 3 (please), because there were many empty seats in the room.But she quickly realized that it wasn't her,it was probably the fact that she sat in 4 last row.
5 he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back,he was wrong. It might have made it a little 6 (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around,but that didn't stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him,they had to look at Mary, 7 made her feel like a star.
"Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?" the teacher asked.The new boy shook his head."Then I'd appreciate it if you didn't wear them in class.I like to look at your eyes when I'm speaking to you." The new boy looked at the teacher 8 a few seconds and all the other students wondered 9 the boy would do.Then he took 10 off, gave a big smile and said,"That's cool."


一、2020年高考真题
I.记叙文
1. 【2020·全国卷I】
【答案】
61．touched
62．extremely
63．where
64．interest
65．than
66．to find
67．means
68．is constructed
69．much
70．its
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家，文章主要介绍了中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。
61．.考查时态。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。
62．考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。
63．考查定语从句。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。
64．考查名词。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。
65．考查介词。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。故填than。
66．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
67．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。
68．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed。
69．考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。
70．考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。

2. 【2020·全国卷II】
【答案】
61．celebration
62．carries
63．coming
64．than
65．decorated
66．Certainly
67．with
68．to care
69．beautiful
70．the
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用一些植物、水果和鲜花装饰中国新年的寓意。
61．考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。
62．考查主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句，从句主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填carries。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。
64．考查短语。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than不仅仅，不只是。故填than。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。
66．考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。
67．考查短语。句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with与……相联系。故填with。
68．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。填to care。
69．考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。
70．考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。故填the。

3. 【2020·全国卷III】
【答案】
61．whose
62．finest
63．be chosen
64．curiosity
65．When/As
66．pointed
67．to find
68．gently
69．surrounding
70．On
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一位画家画画栩栩如生，有一天他将画送给宰相时，这位睿智的老人告诉他去漓江旅行——也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位世界上最伟大的艺术家就是大自然母亲。
61．考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
62．考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。
63．考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。
64．.考查名词。句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。
65．考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。
66．考查动词时态。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。
67．考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。
68．考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。
69．考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。
70．考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。

4. 【2020·山东卷】
【答案】
36．wealthy
37．or
38．formed
39．which/that
40．are called
41．is
42．themselves
43．walking
44．accuracy
45．for
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了博物馆藏品的来源及博物馆给人们带来的好处和面临的挑战。
36．考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。
37．考查连词。句意:他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两者可能性，应使用连词or:或者。故填or。
38．考查动词时态。句意:例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。
39．考查定语从句。句意:例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是the British Museum，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
40．考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are called。
41．考查主谓一致。句意:通常，博物馆只展出一小部分藏品。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语a small part of a museum’s collection是单数概念，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式，且后面的Most of it is stored away or used for research.中的is也是提示。故填is。
42．考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。
44．考查名词。句意:历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语，位于形容词historical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。
45．考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete for，意为: “为了……竞争”。故填for。

5. 【2020·浙江卷】
【答案】
56．in
57．what
58．than
59．was needed
60．to change
61．had discovered
62．seasons
63．making
64．the
65．meant.
【解析】
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了农业的发展历史。
56．考查介词。句意：公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分析可知，“they lived _____”应是之前名词the world 的定语从句，定语从句引导词被省略，可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in the world. live in+名词，意为“居住在某地”。故填in。
57．考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。
58．考查固定搭配。句意：农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。结合句意可知，此句中将农业生产与狩猎和采集相比，应用比较连词than。more… than，意为“比……更”故填than。
59．考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。分析句子，逻辑主语和need之间表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。
60．考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。
61．考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。by + 过去时间 译为“到…为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered.
62．考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，提示词的词性为为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填seasons。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。
64．考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着......的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。
65．考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。


一、2019年高考真题
I.记叙文
1. 【2019·全国卷I】
【语篇解读】本文为科普文类说明文，介绍了北极熊的生存现状。
61.
【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，故填that。
62.
【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。
63.
【解析】考查介词用法。此处tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods的定语，用of 连接，“methods of doing sth.”,意为“……的方法”，构成固定结构。或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用for。故填of/for。
64.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to perform。
65.
【解析】考查时态。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语in recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填have reported。
66.
【解析】考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处为名词形式，故填belief。
67.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。
68.
【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据其后than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填higher。
69.
【解析】考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。
70.
【解析】考查主谓一致。根据three are declining，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用复数谓语，一般现在时，故填are。

2. 【2019·全国卷II】
【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。讲述了九十高龄的Irene作为英国最年长的全职员工，依然在宠物店做着朝九晚五的工作，没有退休的打算，她被颁发 “年度女士”称号。
61.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
62.
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。
63.
【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。
64.
【解析】考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had 以及said 可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。
65.
【解析】考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth做后置定语,用来修饰前面的名词plan,表示“……的计划”，故填to retire。
66.
【解析】考查动词时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。
67.
【解析】考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not 呼应，构成“不是……而是 ……”之意，故填but。
68.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。
69.
【解析】考查冠词用法。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑” 可知，此处joke为泛指，故填a。
70.
【解析】考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。

3. 【2019·全国卷III】
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他们去夏威夷度假途中的经历以及到了主人家后受到的礼遇，主人热情招待他们，还在工作之余带他们参加了很多当地的活动。
61.
【解析】考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“so…that…”意为“如此……以至于…”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。
62.
【解析】考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to get。
63.
【解析】考查介词。“a pack of”意为“一群”。故填of。
64.
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。
65.
【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommended。
66.
【解析】考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式to watch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填competition。
67.
【解析】考查形容词。空格修饰名词stories，应用形容词形式，tradition的形容词为traditional，故填traditional。
68.
【解析】考查副词。空格处单词修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge的副词为hugely，故填hugely。
69.
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。
70.
【解析】考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。

4. 【2019·浙江卷】
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学生穿校服的几个好处。
56. has/will have
【解析】考查时态。句意：当每个学生在校穿校服时，没有人会担心时尚问题。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，因此，主句可以使用将来时will do；根据语境可知，本文叙述的是客观事实，因此，本句亦可用一般现在时，主语是nobody，谓语用has。故填will have/has。
57.the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。
58. that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。
59. cycling
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。
60. easily
【解析】考查副词。分析句式可知，设空处所给词是修饰动词see，修饰动词要用副词，因此，用easy的副词形式。故填easily。
61. to
【解析】考查介词。句意：这个问题的答案不清楚。the key/answer to ...这是固定搭配，“……的答案是……”。故填to。
62. improved
【解析】考查时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，在学校引入校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。本句是after引导的时间状语从句，前后时态保持一致，从句使用了一般过去式，主句用一般过去式。故填improved。
63. to wear
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth想要做某事，这是want的固定用法。故填to wear。
64. connection/connections
【解析】考查名词。句意：其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。no是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位于名词前，名词可用复数也可用单数形式。connect是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，要用其名词形式。故填connection/connections。
65. traditional
【解析】考查形容词。句意：穿校服在英国是一个传统，但是一些学校开始允许学生上学不用穿校服。are是系动词，其后常用形容词作表语，tradition是名词，“传统”的意思，因此，用其形容词形式。故填traditional。

5. 【2019·北京卷】
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者一年级对交友感到困惑，妈妈的话让他受益终身。
1.voiced
【解析】考查时态。句意：我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧，“我将如何交朋友？”此处的voice是动词，“表达”的意思，作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情，用过去式。故填voiced。
2.facing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。
3.myself
【解析】考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。
B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地球日这一节日。
4.marked
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知，设空处是要做名词Earth Day的后置定语，且与其之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填marked。
5.in
【解析】考查介词。句意：第一次庆祝是在1970年。如今，这一天的活动遍及190多个国家和地区。在年份前要用介词in。故填in。
6.activities
【解析】考查名词。句意：无论你喜欢做什么，有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。根据设空前的various可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。故填activities。
C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究表明，大学的名气对学生来说并不重要，从大学生活中受益最多的是完全投入学术生活、充分利用大学的机会和资源的 等的广泛使用，睡眠已从其自然水平上减少了。 该空修饰后面的名词level，应该用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
5. expectation
【解析】考查名词。句意：人们期望我们每晚睡八到九个小时，如果我们将现代科技拿开，我们就会睡得更多。该题【解析】考查There be+n.结构，该空作表语，因此应该填名词。且根据“There be+n.结构中，be动词和n.保持形式上的一致”原则，该空应该填单数名词expectation。
6. the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：我们第一次证明这不是事实。truth经常和定冠词the连用，故该空填the。
7. who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：大多数接受研究的人每晚睡眠时间不到7个小时，平均睡眠时间只有6小时25分钟。___7___were studied是定语，修饰those，指人，引导词在从句中作主语，当先行词为those时，引导词只能用who。故填who。
8. recommended
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这比西方社会经常推荐的8小时要少得多。该空作定语，修饰the eight hours，the eight hours和recommend之间是被动关系，需用过去分词作定语，故填recommended。
9. with
【解析】考查介词。句意：尽管如此，与工业化社会的人相比，研究人员身体健康，肥胖率更低，血压水平更好，心脏更健康。该空后面是三个名词，且该空表示伴随情况，故该空填介词with。
10. healthier
【解析】考查比较级。句意：尽管如此，与工业化社会的人相比，研究人员身体健康，肥胖率更低，血压水平更好，心脏更健康。该空修饰名词hearts，应用形容词。且根据前文的lower，better可知，该空应该填healthy的比较级，故填healthier。


语法填空答案
2018年
Cloze 1
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了跑步带来的多种健康益处。一本医学杂志上的评论及研究表明，跑步不仅使人长寿，而且可以降低死亡的风险。
1.longer考查副词。句中有than，故用long的比较级longer。
2.to see考查非谓语动词。本句有谓语，因此此处应用非谓语动词；分析句子结构及句意可知，此处应用动词不定式to see作目的状语。
3.dying考查非谓语动词。短语reduce ones risk of..."降低某人……的风险"， 此处介词of后用动名词作宾语。
【易错点拨】注意die是不规则动词，v.-ing形式为dying；名词为 death;形容词为dead。
4.is考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本文介绍了跑步的好处，通篇以一般现在时为主。本句中宾语从句与主句的时态应保持一致，故用一般现在时；且宾语从句中的主语为it,故用is。
5.than考查介词。根据句中的more可知，此处应用介词than引出比较对象。此处表示跑步比散步、骑行或游泳更能有效地延长寿命。故填than。
6.that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为a study，且定语从句中缺少主语，故填关系代词that/which。
7.causes考查名词。 此处cause是可数名词，意为"原因"，句中的all表示"所有"，后应用可数名词的复数形式，故填causes。
8.strengthen考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故本空应填动词strengthen，意为"增强，加强"。
9.energetic考查形容词。and连接两个并列分句，两个分句都表示跑步的特征，and前面的cheap和easy均为形容词，故此处应用形容词energetic作表语，意为"需要能量的，剧烈的"。
10.it/running考查固定搭配。give it a try为固定搭配，意为"试一试"，根据语境可知，it指代running，故可填it或running。

Cloze 2
本文是说明文，文章介绍了中国近年来根据人们膳食的变化调整农作物种植结构。
【核心词汇】account for 说明（原因、理由等）; 导致，引起; （在数量、比例上）占; 对……负责specific adj. 明确的; 特有的，具体的recommendation n. 推荐; 推荐信; 建议carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
1.has grown考查时态。由句中的时间状语Since 2011可知，此空应用现在完成时。
2.the考查冠词。此处是特指，故用定冠词the。over the past 25 years表示"在过去的25年里"。
3.actually考查副词。这里需填副词来修饰谓语动词is。
4.to improve考查非谓语动词。不定式to improve water quality作目的状语。
5.than考查介词。由空前的less可知，此处应用介词than，表示"比"。
6.pollution考查名词。此处应填pollute的名词形式pollution作宾语。
7.global考查形容词。此处应填globe的形容词形式global作定语。
8.started考查时态。根据语境可知，此处叙述发生在过去的情况，应用一般过去时，故填started。
9.that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，a soil\|testing program是先行词，指物，且定语从句中缺主语，所以应填关系代词that或which。
10.feeding考查现在分词。while feeding its citizens是时间状语从句while it is feeding its citizens的省略结构。又可理解为此处的feed（养活）与主语China为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。

Cloze 3
我在中非共和国森林里偶遇大猩猩家庭以及由此引发的人猩交流。
1.who考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定谁受到了更大的惊吓，是我还是那只不知从何处突然蹦出来的雌性大猩猩。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，表示"谁"，故填who。
2.the考查冠词。 at the top of "在……顶端"，此处表示"大声地"。
3.loudest考查副词最高级。根据语境和空后的of all的修饰可知，空处应用副词的最高级。
4.looking考查非谓语动词。avoid后常接动名词作宾语，故空处填looking。
5.challenged考查语态。此处表示"我迅速低下头避免和它直视，以便它不会感到受到挑战",主语he和challenge构成被动关系，故填challenged。
6.scientist考查名词。根据空前的a可知，空处应填名词，且意为"科学家"，故填scientist。
7.for考查介词。 search for意为"寻找"，为固定搭配。
8.them考查代词。这里用them 指代上文的the gorillas。
9.meant考查时态。由于此处描述的动作已经发生，故用一般过去时。
10.to stay考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth."允许某人做某事"，为固定用法，故填to stay。

Cloze 4
本文是一篇议论文，中国饮食越来越受到外国友人的欢迎，与此同时，随着社会的发展，越来越多的人外出就餐。作者认为，外出就餐过多会带来费用支出过多和健康问题，我们应学着享受做饭的乐趣。
1.dishes考查名词单复数。dish是可数名词，其前无限定词，故用其复数形式dishes。
2.who/that考查定语从句。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是Many westerners，故填关系代词who/that。
3.it考查代词。此处应用it作形式主语，真正的主语是to eat out。
4.visiting考查非谓语动词。remember doing sth.表示"记得做过某事"，故填visiting。
【知识拓展】非谓语动词中，现在分词v.-ing所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生且现在分词与逻辑主语之间是主谓关系；过去分词done与逻辑主语之间是动宾关系；不定式 to do通常表示将来和目的。
5.was shocked考查时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处表示"我感到很震惊"，shock与主语I为被动关系，同时根据后面的learnt可知，时态为一般过去时，所以填was shocked。
6.have become考查非谓语动词。根据语境和时间状语in recent years可知，此处需要用不定式的完成式，故填have become。
7.affordable考查形容词。根据语境可知，一周在外就餐一到两次可能是可以负担得起的，故填形容词affordable。
8.higher考查形容词的比较级。根据even并结合语境可知，此处表示"更高的代价"，故需要用high的比较级higher。
9.weight考查名词。根据语境可知，此处表示"体重问题"，故空处需要填名词weight。
10.for考查介词。根据语境可知，此处应用介词for表示"目的"。

2017年
Cloze 1
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响。
1.as 考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作状语，表示"作为一种抵御心脏病的方式"，所以填as，意为"作为"。
2.effects 考查名词复数。这种趋势产生了一些意想不到的副作用。根据空前的"some"及空后的"such as overweight and heart disease"可知，此处指不止一种副作用，故用名词复数形式effects。
3.to process 考查非谓语动词。be required to do sth.为固定用法。
4.are removed 考查时态和语态。本文的主体时态为一般现在时，此处亦应用一般现在时；又fat and salt是动词remove的承受者，应用被动语态。所以此处填are removed。
5.a 考查冠词。as a result为固定搭配，意为"结果"。
6.worse 考查比较级。短语Even worse 意为"更糟糕的是"，表示意义的递进。故用worse。
7.is 考查时态和主谓一致。此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，该句缺少谓语动词，又因主语为Fast food，故填is。
8.eating 考查非谓语动词。介词by后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故填eating。
9.careful 考查形容词。此处为形容词作表语，故填careful"当心的"构成系表结构。
10.which 考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前句的内容，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词which。
Cloze 2
本文为说明文，介绍了全世界第一个地下客运铁路在英国开放及其逐渐发展成现在的地铁的过程。
【段意梳理】
第一段：介绍了世界上第一个地下客运铁路的创建以及相关事宜。
第二段：蒸汽机是地下客运铁路的动力机，尽管它让乘客感到不舒服，但乘客数量却大增。
第三段：地下客运铁路发展成现在的地铁。
1.crowds 考查名词复数。因为crowd为可数名词，并且其前没有限定词，所以此处用其复数形式。
2.from 考查介词。此处是指"当他们来回上下班时"。
3.laying 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句的主语为This，谓语动词included后由and连接了三个动名词短语作宾语。故填laying。
【易错点拨】该句中的 lay不是与前面的谓语动词included并列，而是与digging up和building并列。句式结构的分析是解答该题的关键。
4.the 考查定冠词。此处指的是在顶端建造一个结实的顶，所以在 top前加the。
5.were used 考查动词时态和语态。因为是介绍1863年的事情，而且Steam engines与use之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
6.fairly 考查副词。副词修饰形容词unpleasant，故在其前填fairly。
7.it 考查代词。根据上文的"the railway quickly"可知，此处用it代替the railway。
【知识拓展】one 指代上文提到的单数的人或物，指"同一类中的一个"，表示泛指意义；that指上文出现的名词，表示同类的东西，既可指代可数名词单数，又可指代不可数名词，常有后置定语修饰，表特指；it 指上文提到的同一事物，与前面的名词是同一个，表特指。
8.managed 考查动词时态。因为engineers与manage之间为主动关系，而且是发生在过去的事情，所以填managed。
9.introduction 考查词性转换。由前面的定冠词the可知，其后应接名词，故填introduction。
10.successful 考查词性转换。根据语境并结合空前的the most可知，空处表达最高级意义。故填successful。
Cloze 3
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了16岁的Sarah在上学的同时兼职做模特，并且取得了巨大的成功；虽然她父亲希望她当全职模特，但是Sarah仍然坚持要完成学业。
【段意梳理】
第一段：讲述16岁女孩Sarah与同龄孩子不同，在学习的同时兼顾从事模特职业。
第二段：Sarah的父亲希望她放弃学业，但她坚信自己可以做到美丽与智慧并存。
第三段：Sarah拒绝了许多演出邀请，专心于学业，立志考上大学。
第四段：Sarah谈论不想放弃学业而专职做模特的原因。
1. resting 考查固定搭配。spend time doing sth. 是固定搭配，故填resting。
2.a 考查冠词。该空后面model是可数名词单数，此处表示"作为一名模特"，故填a。
3.has been told/was told 考查动词时态和语态。此处动词tell与Sarah是被动关系，因为第二段在讲述父亲和Sarah的想法时都是用现在时，因此可以用现在完成时表达过去对现在的影响，故可以填has been told。此外，"被告知"这件事情发生在过去，故也可填was told。
【易错点拨】考生在考虑动词的时态时，经常会忽略语态，如此题容易误填told。因此，当考查动词的时候要从句意理解出发，考虑动作的主语与动词之间是主动还是被动的关系。
4.who 考查定语从句。此句Sarah是主语，wants是主句谓语，因此可以判断此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词为Sarah，从句中缺主语且指人，故填who。
5.to prove 考查非谓语动词。 want to do是固定搭配，故填 to prove。
6.education 考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词her后需用educate的名词形式，故填education。
7.invitations 考查名词单复数。invitation是可数名词，前面有several修饰，要用复数形式，故填invitations。
8.in 考查介词。degree与介词in搭配，表示在某方面的学位。故填in。
9.comes 考查动词时态。全文均为现在时，且school是第三人称单数，故填comes。
【易错点拨】动词如果使用一般现在时，要注意主语是不是第三人称单数。此题容易误填come。
10.certainly 考查副词。此处fun是名词，但空处修饰整个句子，作状语，故填certainly。
【知识拓展】考查形容词与副词时，除了要考虑词性相互转换，还要考虑形容词与副词的反义词。比如括号里给出fortunate一词，需要改为副词形式fortunately，同时还要结合句意来判断，是否要改为unfortunately。
Cloze 4
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了16年前的戒指失而复得的故事。
【段意梳理】
第一段：Lena Pahlsson拔萝卜时发现了自己丢失了很久的戒指。
第二段：Pahlsson看到戒指时激动的尖叫声引来了女儿。
第三段：16年前Pahlsson的戒指丢失的情节。 
第四段： Pahlsson和她的丈夫回想当时戒指丢失的原因。
1. carrots 考查名词单复数。根据上文的"a handful of"可知，此处表示一把小胡萝卜，所以应用carrot的复数形式。
2.shiny/shining 考查形容词。根据上文的"a"及下文的名词"object"可知，此处需要用形容词作定语修饰名词，故填shiny或shining。
3.so 考查状语从句。Pahlsson的尖叫声是如此响亮以至于她的女儿从房子中跑了出来。此处是so...that...结构，表示"如此……以至于……"。
【易错点拨】本题容易误填such，但要注意such后面接名词，而so后面则接形容词或副词。
4.myself考查代词。根据语境可知，hurt这一动作的发出者和承受者为同一人，故应用I的反身代词形式，意为"她认为我伤了我自己"，故填myself。
5.earlier 考查形容词的比较级。此处表示"16年前"，故填earlier"……之前，先前"。
6.to cook 考查不定式。此处不定式表示"目的"，意为"去掉戒指以做饭"，故填to cook。
7. searched 考查动词的时态。根据本段的基本时态为一般过去时及语境可知，此处应用一般过去时表示发生在过去的动作，故填searched。
8.swept 考查过去分词。根据上文的"got"及语境可知，此处应填sweep的过去分词形式swept，意为"被扫进"。
9.where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the garden，在从句中充当地点状语，故填where。
10.a 考查冠词。此处表示"一个奇迹"，所以需要用不定代词a表泛指。
2012—2016年
Cloze 1
本文讲述了作者的成都之旅及其与大熊猫之间的故事。
1.attraction 考查名词。但对于像我一样的游客，熊猫是成都最吸引人的事物。由形容词性物主代词its以及形容词top可知,此处应该填动词attract的名词形式attraction，意为"吸引人之物"。
2.was allowed 考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语I与动词allow之间存在被动关系，且前一句的"was"表明此处应用一般过去时，故填was allowed。
3.officially 考查副词。修饰动词应该用副词，所以填officially。
4.to 考查介词。go back to是固定搭配，意为"追溯到"。
5.when 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，故填关系副词when。
6.permitted 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，permit与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，故填过去分词permitted作后置定语，相当于that/who was permitted。
7.introducing 考查非谓语动词。动词include后需跟动名词作宾语，所以此空填introducing。
【知识拓展】下列动词后也需用动名词作宾语：dislike, imagine, delay, practise, finish, avoid等。
8.its 考查代词。由语境及后面的名词mother可知，此空应该填it的形容词性物主代词its。
9.days 考查名词的数。由few修饰可数名词复数可知，此空填days。 every few days是"每隔几天"的意思。
10.the 考查冠词。one...the other...是固定搭配，意为"一个……另一个……"。
Cloze 2
本文介绍了缓解工作中的压力的一些方法。
1.greater 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及下文的"and less importance"可知，此处应用形容词的比较级来修饰importance，故填greater。
2.achievement 考查名词。首先处理最重要的工作以便你能感到一种真实的成就感。a real sense of achievement意为"一种真实的成就感"。
3.is 考查主谓一致和时态。把不太重要的事情留到明天通常是可以接受的。分析句子结构可知，该句中的主语为动名词短语"Leaving the less important things until tomorrow"，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，且全文的基本时态为一般现在时。故填is。
【知识拓展】当动名词和不定式在句中充当主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
4.on 考查介词。我们中的大多数人在早上会比我们在一天中的晚些时候更加集中于工作。固定短语be focused on 意为"集中于……"。故填on。
5.as 考查连词。因此，早点儿开始并且在午饭前要尽可能高效。固定结构as...as possible意为"尽可能……"。
6.studies 考查名词的数。最新的研究表明，如果我们定期短暂休息的话，我们在工作中会变得高效得多。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词为show，为复数形式，且study作"研究，调查"讲时为可数名词，故主语应为复数。故填studies。
【易错点拨】考查主语的单复数时，取决于谓语动词的单复数，所以要认真分析句子的结构，找准句子的谓语。
7.regularly 考查副词。副词修饰谓语动词take，故填regularly"定期地"。
8.a 考查冠词。固定短语for a while意为"一会儿"。
9.to bring 考查非谓语动词。固定短语be likely to do sth.意为"可能做某事"，故填to bring。
10.make 考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知，but连接两个并列分句。其中第二个分句中，whatever引导让步状语从句，其后为祈使句充当主句。故填make。
【易错点拨】在解答该题时，分析句子结构非常重要。因为该句中whatever引导让步状语从句，所以其后应是主句，而祈使句可充当主句，非谓语动词及短语则不可以。
Cloze 3
本文介绍了筷子的材质、中国使用筷子的悠久历史及筷子的文化内涵。
1.and 考查并列连词。分析句子结构及语境可知，Vietnam与空前的"China, Japan, Korea"之间是并列关系，且此处表示"以及，和"，故填并列连词and。
2.be made 考查被动语态。此处指真正雅致的筷子可能是由金和银做成的。根据make与句子主语Truly elegant chopsticks之间是动宾关系及空前的"might"可知，此处应填be made。
3.to create 考查非谓语动词。熟练的工人也会把各种各样的硬木和金属组合起来以创作独特的设计。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。
4.using 考查非谓语动词。use与其逻辑主语People之间是主谓关系，故此处用现在分词作状语。
5.as/when 考查状语从句。随着人口的增长或当人口增长时，人们开始把食物切成小片。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，表示"随着"或"当……时"，故填as或when。
6.gradually 考查副词。应用副词修饰动词。
7.who 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Confucius，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填who。
8.development 考查名词。根据空前的"the"及空后的"of"可知，此处应填名词development。
9.were 考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的"believed"可知，此处描述的是过去的情况，应用一般过去时；从句主语为knives,谓语动词应用复数。故填were。
10.with 考查介词。此处指大部分人用手吃饭，故填with。
Cloze 4
熊猫是全世界的人们都喜欢的动物。文章介绍了一只野生大熊猫照顾小熊猫的情况。
1.is loved 考查时态和语态。句子主语为The giant panda，与love之间是被动关系，且表示客观事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态。
【易错点拨】此处讲述一个客观事实，不能误用时态。
2.recently 考查副词。根据句子结构可知，此处用副词作状语。
3.caring/careful 考查形容词。根据句子结构可知，此处用形容词作定语。caring"关心他人的";careful"细致的，周到的"。
4.to eat 考查不定式。根据句子结构可知，此处用动词不定式作定语修饰不定代词something。
5.enemies 考查名词的数。根据语境可知，此处用名词的复数形式。
6.When/If 考查连词。当熊猫宝宝哭泣的时候/如果熊猫宝宝哭泣，熊猫妈妈会前后摇晃熊猫宝宝，而且会轻轻地拍它。语境表明，此处用连词When或If引导状语从句。
7.for 考查介词。表示一段时间用介词for。
8.its 考查代词。根据句子结构可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词。
9.drove 考查时态。此处讲过去发生的事，所以用一般过去时。
10.and 考查连词。根据语境可知,此处应用and连接两个并列分句。
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本文介绍了著名旅游景点阳朔。
1.arrived 考查时态和语态。主句为过去进行时，因此when引导的时间状语从句应用一般过去时，且I与arrive为主谓关系，故本空填arrived。
2.before/earlier 考查副词。本句为过去完成时，描述的是作者来阳朔之前的情况，因此填副词before/earlier。
3.its 考查代词。这里指香港的污浊空气，因此填形容词性物主代词its"它的"，指香港的。
4.that/which 考查定语从句。空处所填词引导限制性定语从句，从句修饰先行词"the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River"，且引导词在从句中作主语，因此本空填关系代词that/which。
5.paintings 考查名词。由前面的"so many"可知，本空应填名词复数paintings。
6.by 考查介词。by car（乘汽车）为固定搭配。
7.is 考查时态和主谓一致。本句描述阳朔景色之美，应用一般现在时；主语是第三人称单数，故用is。
8.conducted 考查非谓语动词。过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰"A study of travelers"，表示被动关系和动作已完成。
9.regularly 考查副词。本空所填词修饰动词，应用副词regularly。
10.living 考查非谓语动词。live与people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语,表示主动关系和长期的特征。
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本文重点介绍了美国Pueblo印第安人所建土坯房独特的调节室温的特点。
1.built 考查非谓语动词。 本句主语是The adobe dwellings，谓语是are admired，因此空白处不需要谓语动词，应用过去分词作定语表示一个被动的、已完成的动作。
2.the 考查冠词。形容词最高级前常用定冠词the。
3.ability 考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词在句中作表语，且空前有their，故填名词ability。
4.using 考查动名词。介词without之后接动名词作宾语。
5.slowly 考查副词。此处修饰动词短语give out，应用副词。
6.to cool 考查非谓语动词。...enough to do sth.表示"……得足以……"，不定式短语作结果状语。
7.at 考查介词。at the same time表示"同时"，是固定搭配。
8.goes 考查时态和语态。结合语境可知，这里应用一般现在时表示现状。主语为This cycle,与go为主谓关系,故填goes。
9.natural 考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词。
10.how 考查宾语从句。how引导宾语从句，并修饰形容词thick,表示程度。
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本文讲述了一个小故事。Johnson先生和家人住在树林中，他有一个看着几乎荒芜的农场，幸好他有一头奶牛。可是有一天牛死了，奶牛的死会给Johnson一家带来什么变化呢？
1.a 考查冠词。farm在文中是第一次出现，而且此处表示泛指，所以用不定冠词a。
2.Luckily 考查副词。修饰整个句子应用副词形式，故填Luckily。
3.for 考查介词。exchange A for B是固定搭配，故填介词for。
4.was left 考查时态和语态。主语与leave是被动关系，故用被动语态。根据语境可知，此处用一般过去时。
5.when 考查连词。有一天，牛正在吃草，这时突然天开始下大雨。be doing...when
"正在……这时（突然）……"，为固定句型。
6.fell 考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，此处填fell，与后面的died作并列谓语。
7.without 考查介词。根据语境可知这里是指"没有了那头牛"，故填without。
8.to sell 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。
9.where 考查定语从句。先行词为market，关系词在定语从句中充当地点状语，故用where。
10.him 考查代词。根据It occurred to sb. that...句型和后面的his farm可知此处应填him。
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只要我们坚持不懈，我们可以做成那些看似不可能的事情。
1.was 考查时态和主谓一致。此处描述的是过去的情况，应用一般过去时，主语表示单数概念，故本空填was。
2.actually 考查副词。空格在动词前，应用副词修饰动词，本空填actually。
3.the 考查冠词。形容词的最高级作定语时，其前通常加the，因此该空填定冠词the。
4.or 考查连词。否定句中用or代替and连接并列成分。
5.to reduce 考查非谓语动词。It takes/took some time to do sth.为固定句型，因此本空填不定式to reduce。
6.cleaner 考查形容词的比较级。由后面的than可知空处应填形容词的比较级cleaner。
7.that/which 考查定语从句。所填词引导限制性定语从句，先行词为a habit，关系词在从句中作主语，故应填关系代词that/which。
8.amazing 考查-ing形容词。-ing形容词在此作定语，表示事物自身的属性。
9.changes 考查名词的数。由谓语动词are可知，空格处应填名词的复数形式changes。
10.patient 考查形容词。be patient意为"有耐心"，形容词patient(有耐心的)作表语。
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一个男孩儿追赶公交车，归还一位乘客落下的手提箱……
1.being 考查非谓语动词。about是介词，后面接动词时,动词用动名词形式，故填being。
2.and 考查连词。所填词连接并列分句,表示进一步说明，故填and。
3.disappointed 考查形容词。由空前的and以及anxious可知，此处应填disappoint的形容词形式，主语是人，且此处表示人的感受，故用-ed形容词disappointed(失望的)。
4.to 考查介词。next to意为"贴近，紧挨着",符合语境。
5.caught 考查时态和语态。主语与catch为主谓关系,且此处表示过去的情况,故用一般过去式，填caught。
6.to stop 考查固定用法。 refuse to do (sth.)表示"拒绝做某事"，故填to stop。
7.riding 考查非谓语动词。keep doing (sth.)表示"一直做某事"，故填riding。
8.Did 考查助动词。句子是一般疑问句,且表示过去的情况,再结合动词原形lose可知，此处应填Did。
9.me/mine 考查人称代词/名词性物主代词。由问句可知，此处应填me/mine。"It's me/It's mine"表示"是我（丢东西了）/是我的箱子"。
10.suddenly 考查副词。修饰动词became应用副词，故填suddenly。
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作者兄弟二人前往迈阿密旅游，住酒店时他们遇到困难，最后酒店经理出面给他们解决了问题。
1.it 考查代词。it指代上文提到的旅游目的地Miami。
2.earlier 考查副词。earlier在此为副词，表示"……之前"。six months earlier 六个月之前。
3.were told 考查时态和语态。We与tell为动宾关系，且此处表示过去的情况，故应用一般过去时的被动语态,所以填were told。
4.but 考查连词。我们订的不是那一周的房间，而是其后那一周的房间。所填词表示转折关系，且连接并列成分，故填but。　
5.why/how 考查宾语从句。why(为什么)引导宾语从句，表示原因；how 引导宾语从句，表示方式。
6.for 考查介词。固定搭配charge...for... 表示"因……向……索取费用"。
7.surprisingly 考查副词。helpful是形容词，应用副词修饰。
8.the 考查冠词。on the top floor意为"在顶层"。
9.where 考查定语从句。所填词引导限制性定语从句，先行词为beach，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。
10.sunburnt/sunburned 考查形容词。我们有点儿晒伤了。sunburnt/sunburned在此处是形容词，作表语，表示"晒伤的"。
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Nick通过让儿子买盐的事情教育他学会尊重别人的劳动，否则最终受害的是集体。
1.found 考查时态和语态。此处是在描述过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时，且he与find为主谓关系，故填found。
2.nor 考查固定搭配。neither通常与nor连用，neither...nor...表示"既不……也不……"，符合语境。
3.why 考查固定结构。why not ...意为"为什么不……"，表示建议。
4.reasonable 考查形容词。空后为名词thing, 空前有冠词a，因此可以推断空处应该填reason的形容词形式reasonable(合理的，可以接受的)。
5.who 考查定语从句。空处所填词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Nick's guests，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who。
6.at 考查介词。at a（n） ... price 表示"以……的价格"。
7.for 考查介词。名词respect 常与介词for 连用，表示"对……的尊重"。
8.possibly 考查副词。这里要使用possible的副词形式修饰动词destroy。
9.a 考查冠词。a very small amount of 为固定搭配，意为"很少量的……"。
10.thinking 考查非谓语动词。everyone 与think 是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处用现在分词短语thinking...作伴随状语。
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本文围绕一个新来的同学展开。
1.wearing 考查非谓语动词。He和wear是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用wear的现在分词形式作伴随状语。
2.had bought 考查虚拟语气。此处as if 引导方式状语从句，且该从句应用虚拟语气。根据句意可知，此处表示对过去情况的虚拟，故用过去完成时，且此处表示主谓关系，所以填had bought。
3.pleased 考查形容词。由felt可知，此处应填形容词pleased(高兴的)作表语。
4.the 考查冠词。last（最后的）前常用定冠词the。
5.If 考查连词。此处表示假设，故用If（如果）引导条件状语从句。
6.harder 考查形容词的比较级。结合语境和a little 可知，此处应用形容词的比较级harder作宾补。
7.which 考查定语从句。先行词为主句，which在此引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。
8.for 考查介词。表示一段时间时常用介词for。
9.what 考查名词性从句。what引导宾语从句，且在从句中作do 的宾语，表示"什么"。
10.them 考查代词。them指代前面提到的太阳镜。