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(人教版)2019届高考英语一轮复习练习案：选修八 Unit 4 (含解析)
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选修八 Unit 4
[基础回顾]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(导学号02516351)
1．He has some acquaintance with German, but he doesn't speak it fluently.
2．The book described the adaptation (adapt) of desert species to the hot conditions.
3．He awoke to find himself lying uncomfortably (comfort) on this hard, cold floor.
4．Helen was chosen for the job because she was far superior to any other candidate.
5．The writer's writing style was what people remarked on/upon most at the meeting.
6． Fortunately (fortune)，we know how to handle the situation like this.
7．Most of the students are willing to condemn (condemn) his deed in the class as lack of manners.
8．If you think you can drink so much without damaging your health, then you're mistaken (mistake)．
9．We had no hesitation (hesitate) in helping the sufferers when the terrible earthquake hit the country.
10．Sometimes the couples should make compromises (compromise) with each other in order to live harmoniously.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)(导学号02516352)
1．In term of education, I first thank all my teachers who have devoted themselves to their profession. term→terms
2．A policeman told me that the shop had robbed last night. robbed前加been
3．I made an apology that I had taken your umbrella by mistaken. mistaken→mistake
4．Out of everybody's expectation，she didn't hesitate accept the job. hesitate后加to
5．My calculation was wrong because I overlook on one tiny point. 去掉on
Ⅲ.佳句写作(导学号02516353)
1．这个硬币的质量很好。(be of ＋n.)
答案：The coin is of high quality.
2．我舍不得把这么多钱花在穿衣服上。(hesitate)
答案：I hesitate to spend so much money on clothes.
3．要是双方达不成一致意见该怎么办？(what if)
答案：What if the two sides can't reach an agreement?
4．我懂一点法语。(acquaintance)
答案：I have some acquaintance with French.
5．这兄弟俩决定去大城市碰碰运气。(try one's fortune)
答案：The two brothers decided to go to big cities to try their fortune.
[技能提升]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(导学号02516354)
The “melting pot” in American cuisine (菜肴，烹饪法) is a myth, not terribly unlike the idea of a melting pot of American culture, notes chef Dan Barber. “Most cultures don't think about their cuisine in such monolithic (统一的) terms，” he says. “French, Mexican, Chinese, and Italian cuisines each consist of dozens of distinct regional foods.And I think ‘American' cuisine is moving in the same direction，becoming more localized, not globalized.”
American cuisine is shaped by the natural wealth of the country. Having never faced agricultural hardship, Americans don't have to rely on rotating crops, such as the Japanese, whose food culture now showcases buckwheat (荞麦) alongside rice，or the Indians, or the French and Italians, who feature beans alongside wheat. “That kind of negotiation with the land forced people to incorporate (接受) those crops in to the culture，” says Barber. And so eating soba noodles becomes part of what it means to be Japanese, and eating beans becomes part of what it means to be French.
So if what we eat is what we are, what are Americans? Well, meat. “If Americans have any unifying food identity, I would say we are a mostly white meat culture，” says Barber. “The proteincentric dinner plate, whether you're talking about a boneless chicken breast, or a 16ounce steak, as an everyday expectation is something that America really created, and now exports to the rest of the world.”
Every single culture and religion uses food as part of their celebrations, says Ellen Gustafson, cofounder of the FEED Project and the 30 Project, which aims to deal with both hunger and overweight issues globally. “The celebratory nature of food is universal. Every season, every harvest, and every holiday has its own food, and this is true in America as well. It helps define us.”
[语篇解读] 文章讲述了世界各地的菜肴各有其特色，主要与自身所处的地域有关系，美国也一样，也有自己的特色。
1．According to the first paragraph, American cuisine ________ .
A．consists of varieties of regional foods
B．is becoming more and more globalized
C．has absorbed a lot from Chinese cuisine
D．is not as unified as its culture
解析：A [细节理解题。文章第一段讲述了各国的菜肴如：法国、墨西哥、中国和意大利的都包括自己的区域性的食物，美国的菜肴发展方向也是一样的，也包含了多种当地的特色。]
2．What has made American cuisine different from other cuisines according to the article?
A．Relying on rotating crops
B．The difficulty of planting crops
C．The US' melting pot culture
D．The US' agricultural wealth
解析：D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的American cuisine is shaped by the natural wealth of the country 可知美国的菜肴是由丰富的自然资源塑造的。]
3．We can conclude from the article that ________ has become part of what it means to be American.
A．eating rice
B．eating beans
C．eating white meat
D．eating soba noodles
解析：C [细节理解题。根据第三段中的So if what we eat is what we are，what are Americans？Well，meat.“If Americans have any unifying food identity，I would say we are a mostly white meat culture，”says Barber可知肉食文化是美国饮食文化的一部分。]
4．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?
A．American cuisine is healthier than other cuisines.
B．American cuisine hasn't changed much over time.
C．Americans use food as part of their celebrations.
D．Americans are quite proud of their own cuisine.
解析：C [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The celebratory nature of food is universal.Every season，every harvest，and every holiday has its own food，and this is true in America as well.It helps define us可知用本民族的食物来庆祝节日是世界通用的，美国也不会例外。]
Ⅱ.阅读填句(七选五)(导学号02516355)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How do you stay true to yourself when you're surrounded by friends and/or family that have an opinion on everything you do？It's not easy! __1__ Here are four tips which can help you live a dynamic life.
__2__
Stay true to yourself by listening to the only opinions that really matter your own and those from people who believe in and encourage you.Deep down you know yourself better than anybody else.
Don't fear people.
__3__ The reason most people don't take risks，or live on the edge is the fear of what others might think of them.If you want to live the life you truly deserve，you must give up the need to be liked by everybody.
Value yourself and your choices.
When you do，others will too.Own the choices you make in your life. __4__ When you believe in yourself，in time，others will believe in you too.Show confidence in your choices，and what you stand for whether others agree or not.
Focus on appreciation.
No matter what the circumstances are，there is always something to be grateful for.All successful people ask，“What am I grateful for? How can I improve my situation and use these tough times to inspire others？” __5__
These steps，if applied，will help you transform your peace of mind，lifestyle，and productivity.
A．Focus on your own talents and strengths.
B．Never let others' opinions guide your choices.
C．Treat every person as they are important.
D．When you doubt yourself，others will doubt you.
E．Stay fearless in everything you will have to do.
F．Be thankful to life and be helpful to others，and you'll lead a successful life.
G．However，there are great possibilities that you can lead the life you really want.
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。作者给出了几个如何使你忠于你自己(stay true to yourself)的建议。
1．解析：G [本段的功能是提出主题。只有告诉读者忠于自己是可能的，才能接下面的句子。由此可见答案为G项。]
2．解析：B [根据本空下面的内容可知本段的主题是：永远不要让别人的观点影响你的选择，故答案为B项。]
3．解析：E [根据主题“Don't fear people”及E项中的“fearless”可推知E项为答案。]
4．解析：D [D项“When you doubt yourself，others will doubt you.”与下面的“When you believe in yourself，in time，others will believe in you too.”形成对比。]
5．解析：F [根据本部分中的“appreciation”，“grateful”和F项中的“thankful”可判断F项为本题答案。]
Ⅲ.语法填空(导学号02516356)
My name is Tabitha，a 36yearold mother living with my three kids in West Tennessee. I 1. ________ (lose) my job a couple of weeks ago and I am still searching for work now. The town where I live is quite small and finding a job here has proven to be 2. ________ major task.
Since leaving my last job, I have found that it's 3. ________ (difficult) to make myself employed again than I expected.I have become a fulltime homemaker,4. ________ (take) care of my motherly duties as well as housework. Apart from caring for my children and taking care of the house, I am still busy looking for parttime and fulltime 5. ________ (employ) to help my family financially,6. ________ (frequent) visit our local career center and search online if I have very little free time.
To be frank, I admit that being unemployed is 7. ________ (stress). I usually find myself lying awake at night and wondering 8. ________ I'm going to support my family if I cannot find a job. In my inner heart, I never think about giving up. Having devoted much effort to my jobhunting, I believe 9. ________ will pay off one day.Therefore，I will continue to search until I find one that allows me 10. ________ (provide) an income for my family.
答案：1.lost 2.a 3.more difficult 4.taking
5．employment 6.frequently 7.stressful 8.how
9．it 10.to provide
[基础回顾]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(导学号02516351)
1．He has some acquaintance with German, but he doesn't speak it fluently.
2．The book described the adaptation (adapt) of desert species to the hot conditions.
3．He awoke to find himself lying uncomfortably (comfort) on this hard, cold floor.
4．Helen was chosen for the job because she was far superior to any other candidate.
5．The writer's writing style was what people remarked on/upon most at the meeting.
6． Fortunately (fortune)，we know how to handle the situation like this.
7．Most of the students are willing to condemn (condemn) his deed in the class as lack of manners.
8．If you think you can drink so much without damaging your health, then you're mistaken (mistake)．
9．We had no hesitation (hesitate) in helping the sufferers when the terrible earthquake hit the country.
10．Sometimes the couples should make compromises (compromise) with each other in order to live harmoniously.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)(导学号02516352)
1．In term of education, I first thank all my teachers who have devoted themselves to their profession. term→terms
2．A policeman told me that the shop had robbed last night. robbed前加been
3．I made an apology that I had taken your umbrella by mistaken. mistaken→mistake
4．Out of everybody's expectation，she didn't hesitate accept the job. hesitate后加to
5．My calculation was wrong because I overlook on one tiny point. 去掉on
Ⅲ.佳句写作(导学号02516353)
1．这个硬币的质量很好。(be of ＋n.)
答案：The coin is of high quality.
2．我舍不得把这么多钱花在穿衣服上。(hesitate)
答案：I hesitate to spend so much money on clothes.
3．要是双方达不成一致意见该怎么办？(what if)
答案：What if the two sides can't reach an agreement?
4．我懂一点法语。(acquaintance)
答案：I have some acquaintance with French.
5．这兄弟俩决定去大城市碰碰运气。(try one's fortune)
答案：The two brothers decided to go to big cities to try their fortune.
[技能提升]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(导学号02516354)
The “melting pot” in American cuisine (菜肴，烹饪法) is a myth, not terribly unlike the idea of a melting pot of American culture, notes chef Dan Barber. “Most cultures don't think about their cuisine in such monolithic (统一的) terms，” he says. “French, Mexican, Chinese, and Italian cuisines each consist of dozens of distinct regional foods.And I think ‘American' cuisine is moving in the same direction，becoming more localized, not globalized.”
American cuisine is shaped by the natural wealth of the country. Having never faced agricultural hardship, Americans don't have to rely on rotating crops, such as the Japanese, whose food culture now showcases buckwheat (荞麦) alongside rice，or the Indians, or the French and Italians, who feature beans alongside wheat. “That kind of negotiation with the land forced people to incorporate (接受) those crops in to the culture，” says Barber. And so eating soba noodles becomes part of what it means to be Japanese, and eating beans becomes part of what it means to be French.
So if what we eat is what we are, what are Americans? Well, meat. “If Americans have any unifying food identity, I would say we are a mostly white meat culture，” says Barber. “The proteincentric dinner plate, whether you're talking about a boneless chicken breast, or a 16ounce steak, as an everyday expectation is something that America really created, and now exports to the rest of the world.”
Every single culture and religion uses food as part of their celebrations, says Ellen Gustafson, cofounder of the FEED Project and the 30 Project, which aims to deal with both hunger and overweight issues globally. “The celebratory nature of food is universal. Every season, every harvest, and every holiday has its own food, and this is true in America as well. It helps define us.”
[语篇解读] 文章讲述了世界各地的菜肴各有其特色，主要与自身所处的地域有关系，美国也一样，也有自己的特色。
1．According to the first paragraph, American cuisine ________ .
A．consists of varieties of regional foods
B．is becoming more and more globalized
C．has absorbed a lot from Chinese cuisine
D．is not as unified as its culture
解析：A [细节理解题。文章第一段讲述了各国的菜肴如：法国、墨西哥、中国和意大利的都包括自己的区域性的食物，美国的菜肴发展方向也是一样的，也包含了多种当地的特色。]
2．What has made American cuisine different from other cuisines according to the article?
A．Relying on rotating crops
B．The difficulty of planting crops
C．The US' melting pot culture
D．The US' agricultural wealth
解析：D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的American cuisine is shaped by the natural wealth of the country 可知美国的菜肴是由丰富的自然资源塑造的。]
3．We can conclude from the article that ________ has become part of what it means to be American.
A．eating rice
B．eating beans
C．eating white meat
D．eating soba noodles
解析：C [细节理解题。根据第三段中的So if what we eat is what we are，what are Americans？Well，meat.“If Americans have any unifying food identity，I would say we are a mostly white meat culture，”says Barber可知肉食文化是美国饮食文化的一部分。]
4．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?
A．American cuisine is healthier than other cuisines.
B．American cuisine hasn't changed much over time.
C．Americans use food as part of their celebrations.
D．Americans are quite proud of their own cuisine.
解析：C [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The celebratory nature of food is universal.Every season，every harvest，and every holiday has its own food，and this is true in America as well.It helps define us可知用本民族的食物来庆祝节日是世界通用的，美国也不会例外。]
Ⅱ.阅读填句(七选五)(导学号02516355)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How do you stay true to yourself when you're surrounded by friends and/or family that have an opinion on everything you do？It's not easy! __1__ Here are four tips which can help you live a dynamic life.
__2__
Stay true to yourself by listening to the only opinions that really matter your own and those from people who believe in and encourage you.Deep down you know yourself better than anybody else.
Don't fear people.
__3__ The reason most people don't take risks，or live on the edge is the fear of what others might think of them.If you want to live the life you truly deserve，you must give up the need to be liked by everybody.
Value yourself and your choices.
When you do，others will too.Own the choices you make in your life. __4__ When you believe in yourself，in time，others will believe in you too.Show confidence in your choices，and what you stand for whether others agree or not.
Focus on appreciation.
No matter what the circumstances are，there is always something to be grateful for.All successful people ask，“What am I grateful for? How can I improve my situation and use these tough times to inspire others？” __5__
These steps，if applied，will help you transform your peace of mind，lifestyle，and productivity.
A．Focus on your own talents and strengths.
B．Never let others' opinions guide your choices.
C．Treat every person as they are important.
D．When you doubt yourself，others will doubt you.
E．Stay fearless in everything you will have to do.
F．Be thankful to life and be helpful to others，and you'll lead a successful life.
G．However，there are great possibilities that you can lead the life you really want.
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。作者给出了几个如何使你忠于你自己(stay true to yourself)的建议。
1．解析：G [本段的功能是提出主题。只有告诉读者忠于自己是可能的，才能接下面的句子。由此可见答案为G项。]
2．解析：B [根据本空下面的内容可知本段的主题是：永远不要让别人的观点影响你的选择，故答案为B项。]
3．解析：E [根据主题“Don't fear people”及E项中的“fearless”可推知E项为答案。]
4．解析：D [D项“When you doubt yourself，others will doubt you.”与下面的“When you believe in yourself，in time，others will believe in you too.”形成对比。]
5．解析：F [根据本部分中的“appreciation”，“grateful”和F项中的“thankful”可判断F项为本题答案。]
Ⅲ.语法填空(导学号02516356)
My name is Tabitha，a 36yearold mother living with my three kids in West Tennessee. I 1. ________ (lose) my job a couple of weeks ago and I am still searching for work now. The town where I live is quite small and finding a job here has proven to be 2. ________ major task.
Since leaving my last job, I have found that it's 3. ________ (difficult) to make myself employed again than I expected.I have become a fulltime homemaker,4. ________ (take) care of my motherly duties as well as housework. Apart from caring for my children and taking care of the house, I am still busy looking for parttime and fulltime 5. ________ (employ) to help my family financially,6. ________ (frequent) visit our local career center and search online if I have very little free time.
To be frank, I admit that being unemployed is 7. ________ (stress). I usually find myself lying awake at night and wondering 8. ________ I'm going to support my family if I cannot find a job. In my inner heart, I never think about giving up. Having devoted much effort to my jobhunting, I believe 9. ________ will pay off one day.Therefore，I will continue to search until I find one that allows me 10. ________ (provide) an income for my family.
答案：1.lost 2.a 3.more difficult 4.taking
5．employment 6.frequently 7.stressful 8.how
9．it 10.to provide
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