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高中英语 Unit 3 Sports and fitness Period Three Discovering Useful Structures—Tag Questions精品课件PPT
展开PPT课件主要包含了语法导学,过标检测等内容,欢迎下载使用。
PART 1
语法导学
感知以下句子,完成方框下的小题
◆语法感知
1.Somebody phoned while I was out,didn’t they?2.Everything seems all right now,doesn’t it?3.This is important,isn’t it?4.One can’t be too careful,can one/can you?5.Learning how to repair motors takes a long time,doesn’t it?6.There’s something wrong,isn’t there?7.I told them not everybody could do it,didn’t I?8.I suppose that he’s serious, isn’t he?9.It is five years since he joined the army,isn’t it?10.Give me some cigarettes,will you/won’t you?
1.附加疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是 句式,后一部分是 句式,两者用逗号隔开。2.附加疑问句一般是前 后否定或前 后肯定。3.附加疑问句又称为反意疑问句。附加疑问部分的句式是:________________ +主语。其中的主语必须用 。
陈述
疑问
肯定
否定
助动词/情态动词
/be动词
代词
附加疑问句又叫反意疑问句,是英语口语中常用的一种疑问句式,由两部分组成:前一部分是陈述句式,后一部分是疑问句式,两者用逗号隔开。疑问句式附加在陈述句之后,对陈述句所说的事实或观点提问。附加疑问部分的句式是:助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语。其中主语必须用代词,两部分的人称时态应保持一致。一般来讲,附加疑问句的结构要求前肯定后否定,或前否定后肯定。后面附加疑问句式肯否结构的选择依据前面陈述句的形式,即如果前面的陈述部分用肯定形式,则后面的附加疑问部分用否定形式;如果前面的陈述部分为否定形式,则后面的附加疑问部分用肯定形式。They work hard,don’t they?他们努力工作,不是吗?Lucy isn’t beautiful,is she?露西不漂亮,是吗?
◆语法精析
一、否定附加疑问句的回答当陈述部分为肯定式,附加疑问部分为否定式时,其回答一般不会造成困难,一般只需照情况回答即可:“It’s new,isn’t it?” “Yes,it is.”“它是新的,不是吗?”“是的,它是新的。”此时,“Yes”即“是”,是对前面“It’s new”的肯定。“He wants to go,doesn’t he?” “No,he doesn’t.”“他想去,不是吗?”“不,他不想去。”此时,“No”即“不是”,是对前面“He wants to go”的否定。
二、回答附加疑问句的原则回答附加疑问句时通常应根据实际情况来确定,如有人问你“You are asleep,aren’t you?”你应回答“No,I’m not.” 因为既然你能回答,肯定你还没有睡着。但如果别人问你“You aren’t asleep,are you?”(你还没有睡着,对吗?)你也只能回答“No,I’m not.”(是的,还没有睡着),而不能回答为“Yes,I’m not.”更不能回答成“Yes,I am.”“It is a beautiful flower,isn’t it?” “It isn’t a beautiful flower,is it?”对上述两个句子的回答肯定式均为“Yes,it is.”否定式为“No,it isn’t.”由上述例子可知,附加疑问句回答与句子本身所包含的中文的肯定与否的含义并无太大关联,只需注意事实,肯定即用yes,否定用no,无需考虑句子原本是前否后肯或是前肯后否。
建议在答题时,先按照实际写后面的答句,再根据前后一致原则写Yes或No。口诀:反意疑问并不难,陈述疑问句中含。前后肯否恰相反,否定词缀不能算。主谓时态要一致,特殊情况记心田。实际情况来回答,再把yes和no练。
三、附加疑问句的几种特殊情况1.当陈述部分的主语是I,而句子又用来征询对方的意见时,附加疑问部分的主语用you。如:I find English very interesting,don’t you?I don’t like that film,do you?2.当陈述部分的主语是everybody,everyone,someone,nobody,no one,somebody,anybody,anyone等合成代词时,附加疑问部分的主语通常用they。但亦可用he,尤其是nobody,no one等作主语,具有否定概念时。如:Anyone can do it,can’t he?Everyone enjoyed the party,didn’t they?Nobody wants to go there,does he?
3.当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything,nothing,anything,something时,附加疑问部分的主语一般用it,不用they。如:Everything seems all right now,doesn’t it?Nothing is kept in good order,is it?Something must be done to stop pollution,isn’t it?4.当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this,that或these,those时,附加疑问部分的主语分别用it和they。如:This is important,isn’t it?That isn’t correct,is it?These are your friends Tom and Jack,aren’t they?
5.如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语,附加疑问部分的主语在正式场合用one,非正式场合用you,在美国英语中,在非正式场合还可以用he。如:One can’t be too careful,can one/can you?One should do his duty,shouldn’t he?6.如果陈述部分用I’m...结构,附加疑问部分一般用aren’t I。如:I am strong and healthy,aren’t I?7.当陈述部分为there be结构时,附加疑问部分的主语也用there。如:There’s no help for it,is there?There used to be a tailor’s shop near here,didn’t there/usedn’t there?
8.(1)陈述部分带有seldom,hardly,never,rarely,few,little,nowhere,nothing,nobody,scarcely等否定词或半否定词时,附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如:Bob rarely got drunk,did he?She seldom goes to the cinema,does she?(2)如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀,那么,该陈述部分作肯定处理,附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。如:He was unsuccessful,wasn’t he?Tom dislikes the book,doesn’t he?
9.(1)当陈述部分为主从复合句时,附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。如:She says that I did it,doesn’t she?I told them not everybody could do it,didn’t I?(2)当陈述部分的主语是I,谓语是think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine这类动词时,附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系,但要注意否定的转移。I imagine that the students like her,don’t they?I don’t think she cares,does she?
10.当陈述部分是并列句,附加疑问部分则需和就近的分句的主语和谓语一致。如:Xiao Lin has been writing letters all afternoon but he should finish them now,shouldn’t he?11.(1)在由“祈使句+附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中,附加疑问部分一般用will you,won’t you,would you,有时也可用can you,can’t you,why don’t you,could you等。如:Don’t open the door,will you?Give me some cigarettes,can you?Take a rest,why don’t you?
(2)但是,以let’s开头的祈使句,附加疑问部分用shall we;以let us开头的祈使句,如果含义是allow us,不包括听话人在内,疑问部分用will you。如:Let’s have a basketball match this afternoon,shall we?Let us go out for a rest,will you?12.(1)当陈述部分带有情态动词must表示“必须”时,附加疑问部分用mustn’t。如:You must work hard next term,mustn’t you?I must answer the letter,mustn’t I?
(2)但若表推测这层含义时,不能用must,而要根据陈述部分的谓语动词(即must之后的动词)以及含义采用相应的动词形式。如:You must have made a mistake,haven’t you?They must have seen the film last week,didn’t they?He must be in the library,isn’t he?13.当陈述部分含有情态动词used to时,附加疑问部分可用usedn’t或didn’t。如:The old man used to smoke,didn’t he/usedn’t he?Tom used to live here,usedn’t he/didn’t he?
14.当陈述部分带有情态动词ought to时,附加疑问部分用oughtn’t或shouldn’t。如:He ought to know the answer,oughtn’t/shouldn’t he?We ought to read this book,oughtn’t we/shouldn’t we?15.当陈述部分含有had better,would rather,would like时,附加疑问部分的谓语用相应的助动词。如:You’d better finish your homework now,hadn’t you?You’d rather go there early,wouldn’t you?He’d like to go there,wouldn’t he?
16.感叹句后的附加疑问部分的谓语动词需用be的现在时,且常用否定形式。如:What a clever boy,isn’t he?What a lovely day,isn’t it?17.陈述部分的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时,附加疑问部分的主语通常用it。如:Learning how to repair motors takes a long time,doesn’t it?Between six and seven will suit you,won’t it?Where to hold the meeting has not been decided,has it?
18.在口语和非正式文体中,为了加强语气,只是表示某种惊奇、怀疑、反感、讽刺等感情而并不是为了寻求回答,这时前后两部分的肯定、否定是一致的。如:Oh,he is a writer,is he?You’ll not go,won’t you?19.陈述部分的谓语动词是wish,表示愿望时附加疑问部分用may,且用肯定形式。如:I wish to have a chance to learn English,may I?
20.当陈述部分带有表示“所有”含义的动词have (has)时,疑问部分既可用have形式,也可用do形式。如:You have a new bike,haven’t you/don’t you?She doesn’t have any money in her pocket,does she?21.当陈述部分的谓语动词含有have to,had to时,附加疑问部分的谓语部分用do的适当形式。如:We have to get there at 8 o’clock tomorrow,don’t we?They had to take the early train to go there,didn’t they?
完成下列附加疑问句1.Kurt listened patiently,but then he finally smiled and said,“You don’t have a personal plan for growth,do you?” “ ,I admitted.”(2016·江苏)2.I’m sure you’d rather she went to school by bus, ?(2006·福建)3.We forgot to bring our tickets,but please let us enter, ?(2006·全国Ⅱ)4.Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday,________ ?(2006·广东)
◆高考链接
No
wouldn’t you
will you
didn’t
she
5.There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended, ?(2005·上海)6.He never said that he was good at mathematics, ?(2005·北京春)
wasn’t there
did he
PART 2
达标检测
1.It’s a fine day.Let’s go fishing, ?2.If you want help—money or anything,let me know, ?3.Brian told you there wasn’t anyone in the room at that time, ?4.The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ?5.Don’t smoke in the meeting room, ?6.His wife had the front door painted green yesterday, ?7.If you had come yesterday,you might have seen him, ?8.When the teacher speaks,we have to keep quiet, ?
完成下列附加疑问句
shall we
will you
didn’t he
didn’t it
will you
didn’t she
mightn’t you
don’t we
9.He never told us why he was late, ?10.I want to do nothing,because there is little point in doing anything about it, ?11.She told me that she had finished the task, ?12.You don’t think we can speak English, ?
did he
is there
didn’t she
do you
本课结束
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