2019版英语高三一轮复习系列外研学案导学版文档：第二部分重难增分篇第六讲

第六讲　倒　装 第一课时　知识过关课[注意]　像一般疑问句一样，将情态动词、助动词或be动词放在主语的前面，这种现象叫部分倒装。将谓语(通常是一个一般现在时或一般过去时的不及物动词come，go，run，be等)放在主语前面，叫完全倒装，完全倒装句中的主语一定是名词。读语篇，悟语法。反复朗读下列短文，领悟画线及黑体部分。思考：1.什么情况下用完全倒装？完全倒装主语与动词的语序是如何的？2.什么情况下用部分倒装？部分倒装主语与动词的语序又是如何的？Busy as she was[1], Lucy went to bed early.But little did she eat[2] this evening.So hungry was she[3] that she kept tossing and turning in bed.Not only did she find[4] it hard to fall asleep, but also she felt her stomach hurt.Suddenly she came up with an idea, “Were I full[5], I would have a good sleep easily.”Then she got up and went to the kitchen.There was[6] a cabbage, some hams and some eggs in the fridge.No sooner had she taken[7] out what she needed than she realized she had no idea how to deal with the food.In fact, seldom had she cooked[8] for herself before.“Had I learned[9] cooking from my mother, I would have become a good cook.”she sighed and continued her job.However, hardly had she tried[10] to turn on one of the two taps above the sink when she noticed it didn’t work.Neither could another tap[11].Only with the help of the spanner did water come[12] out of the tap at last.But it was unlucky for her to cut her finger while cutting hams.Out ran Lucy[13] at once.With a bandage wrapping her wounded finger, she finished cooking a delicious meal at last.From the kitchen came a good smell[14].Being at table，she got down to enjoying her food.Unfortunately, not until she tasted her food did she find[15] she forgot to add some salt to it.“Must I fall asleep[16] while being hungry？”said Lucy.1.as引导让步状语从句时，句中的表语、状语、动词原形放到as前。如果表语是不带定语的单数可数名词，前边的a或an要省去。2.当never，hardly，seldom，rarely，scarcely，barely，little，not，nowhere，in no way，at no time，by no means等否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。3.so/such...that的“so/such＋adj./adv.”位于句首时，主句需要部分倒装，that从句的语序用正常语序。4.not only...but (also)...连接的分句，not only位于句首时，句子需要部分倒装，but also后的句子用正常语序。5.在if引导的虚拟条件句中，谓语动词有were，had或should等时，可以将if省掉，把这些词语移到主语之前。6.以引导词there开头的句子，须使用完全倒装结构，除there be外，还有there live/stand/lie/exist等，结构为：There＋动词＋主语。7.no sooner...than；hardly...when...；scarcely...when (before)...等连接两个分句，前一分句用部分倒装，后一分句用正常语序。8.否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。9.同5。10.在no sooner...than；hardly...when...；scarcely...when(before)...等结构中，主句用部分倒装，后面的从句用正常语序。11.当so，neither，nor(so用于肯定句，neither/nor用于否定句)表示前面所述情况也适合另一个人或物时，句子需要部分倒装，结构为：So/Neither/Nor＋be (have，助动词或情态动词)＋主语。12.当Only＋状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)放在句首时，要用部分倒装。结构：Only＋副词(介词短语或状语从句)＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语。13.在“here (there，now，then，thus)＋不及物动词(通常是一般现在时和一般过去时)＋主语(须为名词)”的句型中，或以in，out，up，down，over，away，off，back等副词开头的句子里(主语也必须是名词)，用完全倒装以表示强调。14.当句首为作地点状语的介词短语时，谓语是be，stand，sit，lie等时，句子也常用完全倒装。15.Not until引导的状语从句放句首时，状语从句用正常语序，主句则需要部分倒装。16.疑问句，包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句，多数疑问句都是部分倒装语序。Ⅰ.句子改写(把下列句子变为倒装句)1. We don’t know its value until we lose health.Not until we lose health do we know its value.2. I will never forget you as long as I live.Never will I forget you as long as I live.3. I had no sooner gone out than it began to rain.No sooner had I gone out than it began to rain.4. We can improve our English only in this way.Only in this way can we improve our English.5. He was so absorbed in his work that he didn’t notice my coming in.So absorbed was he in his work that he didn’t notice my coming in.Ⅱ.单句改错(下列每句中有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改，请指出并改正。)1.At noon there were still no news.were→was2.Here is some picture－books for you.is→are3.If you don’t go there tomorrow, neither does Tom.does→will4.I didn’t see the film, and nor didn’t you.didn’t→did5.I can’t swim and so can Kate.so→neither6.He was unable to make much progress, hard although he tried.although→as/though7.Little does he realizes how important this meeting is.realizes→realize8.So loudly he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.在he前加didⅢ.语篇填空(阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。)There 1.     (be) a girl named Cinderella whose stepmother had two ugly and lazy daughters.Not only 2.     they get good cares, but also they needed to do nothing.However，3.     by doing dirty housework could Cinderella get access to food, and seldom could she 4.     (gain) some rest.Not 5.     midnight was she allowed to go to bed.Poor 6.     she was, she was very beautiful.One day, from the palace came 7.     invitation, saying that the prince would choose his wife.Away went her stepmother and her stepsisters to the palace.Never had Cinderella 8.     ( be ) permitted to go with them.“9.     (be) I a princess, I would live a whole new life！” sighed Cinderella.No sooner had she sat down 10.     a goddess appeared and gave her a smart dress, a cargo as well as horses.But she warned Cinderella that everything would disappear at 12 o’clock.When Cinderella arrived at the party，11.     attractive was she that the prince only danced with her.Hardly had the clock stricken twelve 12.     Cinderella began to run, and she left a crystal slipper on the stair.The prince’s servant came to Cinderella’s to find out the owner of the slipper.Cinderella’s elder sister couldn’t wear it.13.     could another sister.Not a word could anybody say when Cinderella wore the slipper perfectly.From then on，she lived happily ever after with her prince.【语篇导读】　灰姑娘每天都要做很多家务，而继母和她的女儿则整日欺负灰姑娘。王子举行选妃舞会，灰姑娘在仙女的帮助下，漂漂亮亮地参加了舞会，并最终成为了王妃。1.was　[There be句型为完全倒装，主语为a girl。]2.did　[not only...but (also)连接两个并列分句，not only放句首，其后分句需要部分倒装；从前后语境看，get该用一般过去时，而get是原形，故前面应加助动词did。]3.only　[从could Cinderella get这一部分倒装可以推断，前面是“Only＋状语(介词短语)”。]4.gain　[seldom否定词放句首时，句子需要部分倒装，有情态动词could提到主语前面，故gain用动词原形。]5.until　[是Not until引导的状语从句。]6.as　[as，though引导让步从句，其表语poor提前。]7.an　[作地点状语的介词短语from the palace提前，句子用完全倒装，invitation(请柬)作主语，前面用不定冠词。]8.been　[否定词放句首时，句子需要部分倒装；这是过去完成时的被动语态，故填been。]9.Were　[此处的Were I＝If I were表示与现在事实相反的假设。]10.than　[no sooner...than是固定句式。]11.so　[so...that是固定句式。]12.when　[hardly...when是固定句式。]13.Neither　[灰姑娘的其中一个姐姐不适合，另一个姐姐也不适合，用neither表示前面所述一件事也不适合另一个人或物时。]第二课时　写作增分课倒装在写作中的增分点一、使用完全倒装使句式富于变化1.上午传来了他被北京大学录取的消息。(in the morning came, be admitted to)In the morning came the news that he had been admitted to Peking University.2.在我们的教学楼的前面矗立着两棵大树，它们使得我们的校园更加美丽。(in front of, stand, add to, the beauty, schoolyard)In front of the teaching building stand two huge trees, which add to the beauty of our schoolyard.3.相片上站在第一排中间的是我爷爷，他当时六十多岁。(stand in the middle of the first row, in his sixties)In the picture, standing in the middle of the first row is my grandpa, who was in his sixties at that moment.4.在事故中受伤的是两位学生，当事故发生时他们正在去上学的路上。(injure, on one’s way to, happen)Injured in the accident were two students, who were on their way to school when the accident happened.二、使用部分倒装句式提升句子档次1.只有通过每天花费至少两个小时学英语，你才能快速提高它。(only by, improve, quickly)Only by spending at least two hours learning English every day can you improve it quickly.2.当我把那个老人送到家后，我从来没有感到那么高兴过。(never, feel happy, send the old man home)Never had I felt so happy when I sent the old man home.3.你在别的地方找不到这么好的学校。(nowhere else, find)Nowhere else can you find such a good school.4.它不仅可以使我们的课堂活跃，而且可以帮助我们更有效地学习。(not only, lively, help, learn more effectively)Not only can it make our class more lively, but it also can help us learn more effectively.5.无论什么时候你都不能放弃英语。(at no time, give up)At no time should you give up English.6.踢好足球不容易，需要多加练习。学英语也是这样。(playing football well, need a lot of practice, so it is with/it is the same with)Playing football well is not easy and needs a lot of practice.So it is with/It is the same with learning English.7.每天我们不得不做如此多的作业，以至于我几乎连休息的时间都没有。(so much homework, have little time to have a rest)So much homework do we have to do every day that we have little time to have a rest.8.她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目，就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(no sooner...than)No sooner had she watched the TV program on the extinct species than she made up her mind to join the wildlife protection organization.