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2021版新高考地区高考英语（外研通用版）一轮复习学案：必修22Module2 NoDrugs
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一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√
drug n． cigarette n.
cancer n. inject vt.
needle n. burglary n.
horrible adj. participant n.
café n. leaflet n.
jogging n. gymnastic adj.
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．reduce vt. 减少；缩减
2．nearby adj. 附近的
3．likely adj. 可能的
4．adult n. 成人
5．ban vt. 禁止
6．recognise vt. 认识；认知；认出
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．addict n．对(药物等)上瘾的人；瘾君子→addictive adj.(药物等)上瘾的→__addicted adj.上瘾的；成瘾的→addiction n．瘾；入迷；嗜好
2．danger n．危险→dangerous adj.危险的→endanger vt.使遭受危险，危及
3．crime n．罪行；犯罪行为→criminal n．罪犯
4．connect v．联系→connection n．联系；关系；关联
5．illegal adj.违法的；不合法的→legal adj.合法的
6．treat v．治疗；对待→treatment n．治疗
7．disagree vi.不同意；意见不合→disagreement n．不同意；争执
8．affect vt.影响；对……有坏影响→effect n．影响
9．power n．权力→powerful adj.有力的；(药等)有功效的→powerless adj.无力的
1.皆有“可能”
①likely adj. 可能的
②possible adj. 可能的
③probable adj. 很可能的
④perhaps adv. 可能，大概
⑤maybe adv. 也许，大概
2.ible结尾形容词一览
①horrible 令人不快的
②terrible 可怕的
③accessible 易接近的
④sensible 明智的
⑤flexible 易弯曲的
⑥digestible 可消化的
3.“前缀en＋adj./n.”构成的动词全扫描
①danger→endanger 使……遭遇危险
②able→enable 使能够
③large→enlarge 使扩大
④sure→ensure 确保；担保
⑤rich→enrich 使充实
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．related__to 有关系的；有关联的
2．break__into 破门而入；强行闯入
3．belong__to 属于
4．become__addicted__to 对……上瘾；沉迷于
5．take__one’s__advice 听某人的意见
6．in__order__to/so__as__to 为了……
7．give__up 戒除；放弃
8．in__danger 处于危险之中
1.无被动语态的动词短语小结
①belong to 属于
②date from/back to 追溯到
③consist of 由……组成
④come true 变成现实
⑤take place 发生
⑥break out 爆发
2.“be＋v.ed＋prep.”短语联想
①be related to 有关系的；有关联的
②be accustomed to 习惯于
③be devoted to 致力于
④be admitted to/into 被接纳；被录取
⑤be absorbed in 全神贯注于
⑥be concerned about 为……担忧
3.“in＋n.”短语荟萃
①in danger 处于危险之中
②in pain 处于痛苦中
③in trouble 处于困境中
④in debt 负债
⑤in doubt 不能肯定的
⑥in relief 如释重负
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：现在分词短语作伴随状语
Now I work in a centre for drug addicts, helping__others__to__stop taking drugs.
现在我在一家戒毒中心工作，帮助别人戒毒。
句型2：couldn’t/can’t...more意为“不能再……”，表示最高级含义
I couldn’t__agree__more.
我完全同意。/我再同意不过了。
句型3：whatever引导让步状语从句
Whatever__you’re__doing when you want to smoke—do something else！
无论你在做什么，当你想抽烟时，做点别的事吧！
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
A．根据汉语提示写出下列单词
1．Studies show that people are more likely(可能的) to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.
2．We stopped at the nearby(附近的) shop to buy some drinks before climbing the mountain.
3．Unless you respect other people’s religions, horrible(极讨厌的) mistakes and conflicts will occur.
4．In the largest room about a dozen children and seven adults(成人) are sitting on the carpet.
5．Tom always goes jogging(慢跑) in the morning and he usually does pushups to stay in shape.
B．根据所给单词写出适当形式
6．Being recognised in public has brought her much trouble, so she is always wearing dark glasses to avoid recognition．(recognise)
7．As the company was declining, the number of employees in the company reduced(reduce) from 120 to 80.
8．Traffic problems have severely affected(affect) the economic development.
9．According to a report, cigarette smoking has been banned(ban) in all indoor public places in China already.
10．In terms of studying, I prefer to study in the library because there are many distractions(distraction) at home.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·北京卷)Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.影响
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood(情绪)．减少
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.公认的；已知的
4．(2018·浙江卷6月)Among the bag makers’ arguments: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. 禁令
Ⅲ.选词成篇
die from; look up; break into; belong to; become addicted to; put up; break the law
Li Hua 1.belongs__to Class Two. He 2.became__addicted__to computer games last year. He 3.broke__into a house one day to get the money for games, and then he was arrested. Li Hua regretted that he had 4.broken__the__law and decided to get rid of the bad habit. Now he is a good student in our school.
give up; set a date; in pain; be related to; in danger; in order to; take one’s advice
Mr. Smith suffers from a serious disease. His disease 5.is__related__to smoking and his life is 6.in__danger. The doctor says if he doesn’t stop smoking, he is likely to lose his life. 7.In__order__to live a healthy life, he 8.takes__the__doctor’s__advice and decides to 9.give__up smoking.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我给你写这封信，希望你能够给我一些帮助。
I’m writing you the letter，hoping__you__can__give__me__some__help．
2．众所周知，没有什么比健康更宝贵。
As we all know, nothing__is__more__precious than health.
3．无论我们遇到什么困难，我们都不会放弃我们的梦想。
Whatever__difficulties__we__may__meet__with,__we will not give up our dream.
addict n．对(药物等)上瘾的人；瘾君子 vt. 使……上瘾
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.Addicting(addict) themselves to the Internet, teenagers are more likely to suffer from depression.
b．Addicted(addict) to the Internet, teenagers are more likely to suffer from depression.
c．Teenagers addicted(addict) to the Internet are more likely to suffer from depression.
②a.He kicked his threepackaday cigarette habit, and overcame his addiction(addict) to alcohol.
b．You should stop taking this medicine because it is addictive(addict)．
[能力提升]——一句多译
很多孩子沉迷于上网，以至于他们对学习失去了兴趣。
③Many kids become/are/get__addicted__to surfing the Internet, so they have lost interest in study.
④Many kids addict__themselves__to surfing the Internet, so they have lost interest in study.
(1)addict oneself to 沉溺于……；
醉心于……
be/become/get addicted to... 沉迷于……；
热爱……；迷上……
(2)addictive adj. 使人上瘾的
addiction n. 瘾；入迷；嗜好
[佳句背诵] Learning you are addicted to Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best universities in China.
得知你迷上了中国文化，我建议你申请北京大学，中国最好的大学之一。(2018·北京卷)
[名师点津] addicted, addiction常与介词to连用，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
[词块助记]
be addicted to football 迷上了足球
drug/Internet addiction 毒瘾/网瘾
a football/video game addict 足球迷/电子游戏迷
likely adj.可能的
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to__recover(recover) at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead.
②(陕西卷)If one is late for a job interview, it is unlikely(likely) that he will get the job.
[能力提升]——一句多译
白天这个时候他不可能来，因为他太忙了。
③He__is__not__likely__to__come/It__is__not__likely__that__he__will__come at this time of the day because he is too busy. (likely)
④It__is__not__possible__for__him__to__come/It__is__not__possible__that__he__will__come at this time of the day because he is too busy. (possible)
⑤It__is__not__probable__that__he__will__come at this time of the day because he is too busy. (probable)
(1)Sb./Sth.be likely to do sth.
某人/某物可能会做某事
It is likely that... 很可能……
(2)unlikely adj. 不可能的
[名师点津] (1)likely指从表面迹象来判断，表面上看来有可能。常用结构：Sb./Sth. is likely to do sth.；It is likely that ...；
(2)possible指客观上有可能，也许实际发生的可能性并不大。常用结构：It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.；It is possible that ...；
(3)probable表示有几分根据的推测，比possible表示的可能性大，一般不用表示人的词作主语。常用结构：It is probable that ...。
recognise vt.认出，识别；承认；认识；认知
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(2019·江苏卷)China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries recognizing(recognize) its role in international affairs.
b．If you want to get your ability recognised(recognise), you have to show it in your work rather than complain all day.
②(安徽卷)I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond recognition(recognise)．
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)People recognise that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.
③(高级表达)It__is__recognised__that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face. (it引导主语从句)
④(高级表达)Environmental pollution is__recognised__to__have__become one of the most serious problems that people face. (被动语态)
(1)recognise sb./one’s voice 认出某人/听出某人的声音
recognise...as/to be 承认……是；
认出……是
It is recognised that... 人们公认……
(2)recognition n. 认出；认识
beyond recognition 认不出来
[佳句背诵] Cellphones, which are now universally recognised as/to be a must, have a great effect on us. 手机现在被普遍认为是一种必需品， 对我们有很大的影响。
[名师点津] 表示“认为……是……”的短语：
①regard...as... ②consider...as...
③see...as... ④view...as...
⑤think of...as... ⑥look on...as...
⑦treat...as... ⑧think...to be...
break into 破门而入，强行闯入；打断；突然……起来
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(天津卷)See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn’t make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
②(广东卷)I was still sleeping when the fire broke out,__and then it spread quickly.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③那个男孩想挣脱他的父亲，但没成功。
The boy tried to__break__away__from his father but in vain.
④科学家希望在治疗心脏病方面能有所突破。
Scientists hope to__break__through soon in their fight against heart disease.
break away from 脱离；放弃；打破
break in 打断；插嘴；闯入
break out 爆发；突然发生
break through 突围；突破；冲垮
break down 垮掉；出故障；分解
break up 破碎；拆散，驱散
[佳句背诵] We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had broken into the office during the night.
早上我们到了工作的地方，发现有人在夜里闯入了办公室。(江西卷)
[名师点津] break into中的into是介词，其后接宾语；而break in中的in是副词，是不及物动词短语，其后不能接宾语。
belong to 属于
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·浙江卷6月)The students feel that they belong to a particular group.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings(belong)?
③The beautiful building belonging(belong) to his family can date back to the Ming Dynasty.
(1)belong to不用于进行时态也没有被动形式。
(2)belonging n． 归属，属于
belongings n. 所有物；财产
[佳句背诵] A 20yearold man broke into a museum and stole a painting, which once belonged to a rich merchant. 一个20岁的男子闯入了一家博物馆，盗走了一幅曾属于一位富商的画。
give up 放弃；让给；停止；戒除
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·天津卷)At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving, but eventually he gave in as she was so confident about her skills.
②(江西卷)Bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won’t give off waste gas.
③(北京卷)That weekend, we went to a nearby neighbourhood where we gave the bags away to the residents.
give in 投降；屈服；让步
give away 赠送；泄露；分发(奖品等)
give off 发出(蒸汽、味道)；发散(光线)
give out 放出；发表；用完
[佳句背诵] Something good is certain to happen in the end when you do not give up, and just wait a little！ 如果你不放弃，就一定会有好的结果，再坚持一下！(北京卷)
whatever引导让步状语从句
(教材原句)Whatever you’re doing when you want to smoke—do something else!
无论你在做什么，当你想抽烟时，做点别的事吧！
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(广东卷)Whatever you do, if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out.
b．Whichever road you take, it will lead you to the station.
②a.(2017·北京卷)Every year, whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
b．(北京卷)Some people believe whatever has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.
[能力提升]——一句多译
(湖南卷)不管你怎么努力，如果不减少你的饮食量，减肥是很困难的。
③However__hard__you__try,__it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
④No__matter__how__hard__you__try,__it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
(1)whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
(2)whenever, wherever, however引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter when/where/how，意为“无论何时/何地/如何”。
(3)however相当于no matter how。句式结构：however＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语。 [佳句背诵] Whatever problem he meets with, he never gives up.
无论遇到什么问题，他从不放弃。(天津卷)
[名师点津] “no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句，可放在主句前或主句后。
维度一 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．(北京卷)The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore，he can go shopping without being__recognized(recognize)．
2．The volunteers are reminded to take everything belonging(belong) to them before leaving the hotel.
3．I am in a dilemma now and my final decision will__be__affected(affect) by whether you help me or not.
4．The train was delayed because of the heavy fog. Mr. Smith is likely to__arrive(arrive) a bit late.
5．—How was your holiday?
—It couldn’t have been more__boring(bore). I just stayed in the hotel because it was raining most of the time.
维度二 在空白处填入1个适当的单词
1．Instantly the good news was announced, the crowds broke into cheers.
2．(湖北卷)Whatever she says will not make any difference to our arrangements.
3．The earlier you stop smoking, the less likely you’re to have diseases related to it in later life.
4．Anny was banned from driving for two years because of a serious accident caused by drunk driving.
5．When I was a child, my father always told me not to give up whatever happened.
维度三 派生词练习
1．He drove so fast that I really felt my life was in danger．So I told him driving fast was dangerous and if he didn’t slow down, he would endanger our lives. (danger)
2．Playing computer games can be a dangerous addiction．It often starts as a hobby, but it is so addictive that many young people are addicted to it.Sometimes the addicts will break the law in order to play these games.(addict)
3．People had to treat themselves in their own way before they received the treatment sent by the government.(treat)
4．After he came to power,__everyone said he was a powerful leader, but now he feels so powerless that he even can’t save his daughter.(power)
维度四 易错混用
1．我大约有4年时间沉迷于视频游戏中。
I went through about four years of being__addicted__to video games.
2．如果你买十本以上的书，他们会把价格降低10%。
If you buy more than ten books, they will reduce__the__price__by 10 percent.
3．他们高高兴兴地回家了，有说有笑。
They went home happily, talking__and__laughing．
4．The car which belongs to me is much newer than yours.
→The car belonging__to me is much newer than yours.
5．Whatever he did, his parents supported him.
→No__matter__what__he__did,__his parents supported him.
提能一 语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)
As we know, drugs are harmful to people’s health. Once touching them, one will become 1.addicted(addict) to them. If he can’t get timely 2.treatment(treat), he is likely 3.to__die(die) eventually.
Taking drugs also 4.affects(affect) our society. In order 5.to__get(get) money to buy drugs, one will do something 6.illegal(legal) such as breaking 7.into others’ houses to steal. All the crimes have had 8.a bad effect on our society.
Our government has taken measures 9.to__reduce(reduce) the horrible dangers of drugs. Whoever takes drugs 10.is__recognised(recognise) to break the law. We appeal to those taking drugs to give up as soon as possible.
提能二 话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是李华，在国际禁毒日，应校报英语栏目邀请写一封倡议信，呼吁青少年远离毒品。写作要点如下：
①毒品的危害；
②发出呼吁。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)
①吸毒已成为一个严重的问题，它影响家庭并对整个社会是一种威胁。
Taking drugs has become a very serious problem. It affects__families and is__a__danger__to the whole society.
②众所周知，毒品对健康危害很大，可能会造成吸毒者死亡。
As is known to all, drugs do very great harm to health, so they__are__likely__to__cause__the__addicts__to__die.
③人一旦吸毒上瘾，很难戒掉。
Once a person is__addicted__to__drugs,__it will be__hard__to__give__it__up．
④许多违法犯罪行为与吸毒直接相关。
Many__crimes__are__directly__related__to taking drugs.
⑤为远离毒品，我们应该教育年轻人意识到毒品再有害不过了。(否定词＋比较级＝最高级)
In__order__to__keep__away__from__drugs,__young people should be educated to realise that drugs__can’t__be__more__harmful．
2．升级平淡句
⑥用非限制性定语从句和not only...but also...句式升级句①
Taking__drugs__has__become__a__very__serious__problem,__which__not__only__affects__families__but__also__is__a__danger__to__the__whole__society.
⑦用such...that...句式结构升级句②
As__is__known__to__all,__drugs__do__such__great__harm__to__health__that__they__are__likely__to__cause__the__addicts__to__die.
3．衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇：meanwhile, therefore)
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One possible version：
Taking drugs has become a very serious problem, which not only affects families but also is a danger to the whole society. As is known to all, drugs do such great harm to health that they are likely to cause the addicts to die. Once a person is addicted to drugs, it will be hard to give it up. Meanwhile, many crimes are directly related to taking drugs. Therefore, in order to keep away from drugs, young people should be educated to realise that drugs can’t be more harmful.
(建议用时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·海口调研)I was selfish as a teenager. I usually spent my time thinking about myself and taking care of my own needs. I let my older brother do most of the work around the house until he left for college. I let my mom and dad worry about our bills and problems while I read books, played, and lost myself in my own imagination. This didn’t change even when I went to college either. I studied hard but only to make my own life better. Even when I started to explore my faith, it was only to increase my own happiness.
I married after graduation and decided to start a family. Of course, I had no idea what hard knocks reality had in store for my selfish soul. Soon I found myself unemployed, deeply in debt, and with a new baby on the way. I found out that life has little sympathy for spoiled people. In fact, all of the struggles I was going through were beating the selfishness slowly out of me.
Still, I didn’t give up on happiness, I knew that there must be a way to find it. I finally realized, however, that it had to include more than just my own needs, wants, and desires. The answer began to make itself clear one night shortly after my baby boy was born. I got a bottle and held him in my arms. As I was feeding him I looked down and saw his big, innocent, trusting eyes. I smiled and talked to him. Then he smiled and I could feel my heart growing, expanding with love. I felt such peace and joy. At that moment I had a hint of the truth: It is by growing our hearts with love that we find our happiness.
Carolyn Arends wrote：“The more people you let into your heart, the bigger your heart gets. The more love you get, the more love you have to give. It just keeps growing.” So, keep loving, keep living and keep caring. Keep growing your heart today, tomorrow, and always.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述作者由一个自私的人成长为一个心中对他人有爱的人，也明白了“爱他人即幸福”的道理的经历。
1．What do we know about the author form the first paragraph?
A．He often helped his brother with housework.
B．He studied hard for his family.
C．He put his own needs above others’．
D．He was concerned about his family.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“let my older brother do most of the work” “let my mom and dad worry about our bills and problems” “This didn’t change even when I went to college either” “I studied hard but only to make my own life better.”和“it was only to increase my own happiness” 的描述可推知，作者在青少年时期较为自私，行为处事总是只考虑自己，几乎不为家人考虑，即他把自己的需要放在别人的需要之上。故选C项。
2．What did the author realize after he suffered in life?
A．Spoiled people can’t survive the hardship of life.
B．Life is cruel to spoiled people.
C．Spoiled people are never happy in life.
D．Selfishness is helpful.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Soon I found myself unemployed, deeply in debt, and with a new baby on the way. I found out that life has little sympathy for spoiled people.”可知，作者在经历了人生的失意后，终于发现生活对被宠坏的人是残酷的。
3．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．The author loved kids.
B．The author often fed his baby.
C．The author realized the importance of happiness.
D．When caring for his baby, the author got inspired.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“As I was feeding him I looked down and saw his big, innocent, trusting eyes. I smiled and talked to him. Then he smiled and I could feel my heart growing, expanding with love. I felt such peace and joy. At that moment I had a hint of the truth: It is by growing our hearts with love that we find our happiness.”可推知，作者在照料孩子的过程中领悟到了通往幸福的途径。
4．Which can be the best title for the passage?
A．Loving Others, a Way to Happiness
B．The Elder One Grows, the More He Gets
C．Help Others, Help Oneself
D．Keep Growing to Live a Happy Life
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据最后一段中的“‘The more people you let into your heart, the bigger your heart gets. The more love you get, the more love you have to give. It just keeps growing.’ So, keep loving, keep living and keep caring. Keep growing your heart today, tomorrow, and always.”的描述可推知，这篇文章的主旨是“爱他人即幸福”。
B
(2020·江西三校联考)
When I was three years old, I couldn’t speak. It was a strange reality that none of the doctors I visited could understand.
One day, I was shadowing(尾随) my mother. She found herself looking in a mirror, and through it our eyes met. She began to speak to me through the reflection, and I slowly began to mimic(模仿) her mouth’s movements until I formed a word.
It turned out that I’m deaf in my left ear, and have a slight problem in my right. Being hard of hearing has been difficult, but I’ve never lived in a state of selfhating sorrow. Imagine being able to shut out all sound as you lay your head down to sleep by simply rolling over onto one side. That’s my reality when I sleep on my “good ear”， and it makes me feel like a superhero sometimes.
People call my deaf side my “bad ear”， but when I wear my hearing aid, I have access to a range of features that some other deaf people don’t. In cinemas, for example, with one click of a button I can enjoy a whole film as though it were whispered to me from the mouths of the actors.
Owning a hearing aid hasn’t always felt good, however. On the first day I got my aid, when I was eight, I took it to school for show and tell. As I explained how it worked to my classmates, a boy yelled out, “Aren’t those for old men？” At that moment, I felt different. It took a long time for me to get over that sense of being so unlike my peers.
But it’s not just schoolkids who can make us deaf and hardofhearing people feel like burdens. Every video on social media that lacks subtitles(字幕), for example, means an entire community of deaf people is unable to enjoy it. Completely deaf people are excluded from enjoying many movies too, as subtitles in cinemas are almost impossible to find.
And with hearing aids costing around $2，500 each, it can be hard for many people to afford to be able to listen to things that others take for granted. As for me, I can listen to music, enjoy films, and catch conversations—I’m lucky. I’m deaf, but I can still hear everything. I’ve been blessed with wonderful life experiences, and I am human. And when it comes to sleeping, I’m even superhuman.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了作者积极应对自己听力障碍的励志故事。
5．How does the author view his hearing difficulty?
A．It’s a disaster and causes him a lot of trouble.
B．It gave him a chance to experience something special.
C．It made him feel embarrassed in front of his classmates.
D．It helped him to live in his own world without being interrupted.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据对第三段的整体理解，尤其是最后一句“That’s my reality when I sleep on my ‘good ear’， and it makes me feel like a superhero sometimes.”可推知，听力障碍让作者有了与众不同的体验，与最后一段倒数第二句“I’ve been blessed with wonderful life experiences, and I am human.”呼应，故选B。
6．What can be inferred from the passage about the author?
A．He was born deaf.
B．He is optimistic and helpful.
C．His family and classmates have supported him a lot.
D．The hearing aid brings much convenience to his daily life.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“People call my deaf side my ‘bad ear’， but when I wear my hearing aid, I have access to a range of features that some other deaf people don’t.”和对本段的整体理解可推知，助听器给作者的生活带来了诸多便利，故选D。
7．What is the author’s attitude towards his life?
A．Grateful. B．Anxious.
C．Excited. D．Disappointed.
A 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段第二句“As for me, I can listen to music, enjoy films, and catch conversations—I’m lucky.” 和第四句“I’ve been blessed with wonderful life experiences, and I am human.”可推知，作者对自己的生活充满感激之情，故选A。
8．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?
A．To give advice on life to disabled people.
B．To show how difficult life is for disabled people.
C．To share his experience of treating a disadvantage with gratitude.
D．To show the convenience a hearing aid could bring.
C 解析：写作意图题。根据对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要讲述了作者积极应对听力障碍的励志故事，故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·合肥第一次质检)
Apologizing the Right Way to a Friend
Why are apologies so difficult? Saying you are sorry can be the most difficult thing you do. But we all make mistakes, so you’ll probably have an occasion when you need to apologize. Perhaps you had blew up at someone and realized later you reacted poorly. 1.________. Whatever the reason, apologizing can help you both heal and move on from the situation.
2．________. First, you acknowledge that you did something wrong. With an apology, you take responsibility for your actions, which allows your friend to forgive you. Second, an apology gives your sincerity as a friend. 3.________， but that doesn’t mean we still shouldn’t apologize.
Now, what are elements of a proper apology? 4.________， depending on what the offense was, where it was done, and who you are apologizing to. In general, a good apology should include the followings: a request for their attention, an acknowledgment of what happened, sincerity in admitting you did something wrong and the words “I’m sorry” or “I apologize”. Here are things never to say when apologizing. Note that the art of apologizing involves taking responsibility. Never apologize as a way to “shut someone up” when they are saying you hurt their feelings and you don’t think you did. 5.________， you should talk things through with your friends until you see why they are hurt or how you came across. You’ll really need to selfreflect so you can see things from your friend’s point of view.
A．When you make your apology in person
B．If you really believe you did nothing wrong
C．Apologies benefit friendships in a variety of ways
D．The way you apologize is going to be slightly different
E．Or maybe you just didn’t show support when you needed to
F．Apologizing the right way, however, may take a little practice
G．Sometimes our pals forgive us easily for the minor things we do wrong
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了向朋友道歉的正确方法。
1．E 解析：根据空后的“Whatever the reason”可知，空处与空前一句讲的是向朋友道歉的原因，所以选项E与语境相符，且选项E中的“maybe”与空前一句中的“Perhaps”相呼应，故选E。
2．C 解析：空处位于段落句首主题句的位置；通读该段可知，该段主要讲的是道歉对友谊的好处，故C项符合语境。
3．G 解析：根据空后的“but that doesn’t mean we still shouldn’t apologize”可知，G项“有时我们的朋友轻易地就原谅了我们犯的小错误”符合语境。
4．D 解析：根据空后的“depending on...who you are apologizing to”可知，D项“你道歉的方式要稍微不同”与之衔接自然，故选D项。
5．B 解析：根据空后的“you should talk things through with your friends until you see why they are hurt or how you came across”可知，B项“如果你确实认为你没做错什么”与之联系紧密，故选B项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·昆明摸底调研)Lions, tigers and other animals are staying awake at night 1.____________(avoid) human beings, a new study finds.
Scientists have known that human activities can lead to changes in nature. Many animals may move around less or travel to far places to keep away 2.____________ people. By being awake at night, animals can also be on guard against possible enemies and spend less time 3.____________(look) for food.
The latest research found even activities like farming and camping can 4.____________ (fright) animals and cause them to become more active at night. 5.____________ had been studied were lions in Tanzania, tigers in Nepal and monkeys in Brazil. Researchers compared 6.____________(careful) how much time those animals were active at night in areas of human activities, such as hunting and farming. 7.____________ was human activities that caused an increase of about 20 percent in nighttime activities, even in creatures that usually sleep at night. Results 8.____________(publish) in the journal Science two months ago.
The new findings are 9.____________(usual) because no one else has looked at it in such detail before. Ecologist Marlee Tucker was 10.____________(surprise) that any kind of human activities is enough for animals to see people as a threat.
【解题导语】 人类活动导致许多动物在夜间保持清醒以保持警惕状态。
1．to avoid 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：一项新的研究发现，狮子、老虎以及其他的动物在夜间保持清醒旨在避开人类。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。
2．from 解析：考查固定搭配。keep away from...“远离……”，为固定搭配。
3．looking 解析：考查固定用法。spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”，为固定用法。
4．frighten 解析：考查动词。句意：最新的研究表明，即使像务农和野营这样的活动也会惊吓到动物，进而导致它们夜间变得更加活跃。情态动词can后应接动词原形，故应用名词fright的动词形式frighten。
5．What 解析：考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句且在从句中作主语，故填What。
6．carefully 解析：考查副词。修饰句中的谓语动词compared应使用副词。
7．It 解析：考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，去掉______ was和that之后，句子表意完整，故该句为强调句型“It was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分”。
8．were published 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，谓语动词publish和句子的主语Results之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语two months ago可知，描述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
9．unusual 解析：考查形容词。句意：因为先前没人对此进行过如此详细的研究，所以这些新的发现显得不同寻常。
10．surprised 解析：考查形容词。此处为过去分词作表语，表示主语Marlee Tucker的状态，故用形容词surprised。
一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√
drug n． cigarette n.
cancer n. inject vt.
needle n. burglary n.
horrible adj. participant n.
café n. leaflet n.
jogging n. gymnastic adj.
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．reduce vt. 减少；缩减
2．nearby adj. 附近的
3．likely adj. 可能的
4．adult n. 成人
5．ban vt. 禁止
6．recognise vt. 认识；认知；认出
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．addict n．对(药物等)上瘾的人；瘾君子→addictive adj.(药物等)上瘾的→__addicted adj.上瘾的；成瘾的→addiction n．瘾；入迷；嗜好
2．danger n．危险→dangerous adj.危险的→endanger vt.使遭受危险，危及
3．crime n．罪行；犯罪行为→criminal n．罪犯
4．connect v．联系→connection n．联系；关系；关联
5．illegal adj.违法的；不合法的→legal adj.合法的
6．treat v．治疗；对待→treatment n．治疗
7．disagree vi.不同意；意见不合→disagreement n．不同意；争执
8．affect vt.影响；对……有坏影响→effect n．影响
9．power n．权力→powerful adj.有力的；(药等)有功效的→powerless adj.无力的
1.皆有“可能”
①likely adj. 可能的
②possible adj. 可能的
③probable adj. 很可能的
④perhaps adv. 可能，大概
⑤maybe adv. 也许，大概
2.ible结尾形容词一览
①horrible 令人不快的
②terrible 可怕的
③accessible 易接近的
④sensible 明智的
⑤flexible 易弯曲的
⑥digestible 可消化的
3.“前缀en＋adj./n.”构成的动词全扫描
①danger→endanger 使……遭遇危险
②able→enable 使能够
③large→enlarge 使扩大
④sure→ensure 确保；担保
⑤rich→enrich 使充实
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．related__to 有关系的；有关联的
2．break__into 破门而入；强行闯入
3．belong__to 属于
4．become__addicted__to 对……上瘾；沉迷于
5．take__one’s__advice 听某人的意见
6．in__order__to/so__as__to 为了……
7．give__up 戒除；放弃
8．in__danger 处于危险之中
1.无被动语态的动词短语小结
①belong to 属于
②date from/back to 追溯到
③consist of 由……组成
④come true 变成现实
⑤take place 发生
⑥break out 爆发
2.“be＋v.ed＋prep.”短语联想
①be related to 有关系的；有关联的
②be accustomed to 习惯于
③be devoted to 致力于
④be admitted to/into 被接纳；被录取
⑤be absorbed in 全神贯注于
⑥be concerned about 为……担忧
3.“in＋n.”短语荟萃
①in danger 处于危险之中
②in pain 处于痛苦中
③in trouble 处于困境中
④in debt 负债
⑤in doubt 不能肯定的
⑥in relief 如释重负
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：现在分词短语作伴随状语
Now I work in a centre for drug addicts, helping__others__to__stop taking drugs.
现在我在一家戒毒中心工作，帮助别人戒毒。
句型2：couldn’t/can’t...more意为“不能再……”，表示最高级含义
I couldn’t__agree__more.
我完全同意。/我再同意不过了。
句型3：whatever引导让步状语从句
Whatever__you’re__doing when you want to smoke—do something else！
无论你在做什么，当你想抽烟时，做点别的事吧！
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
A．根据汉语提示写出下列单词
1．Studies show that people are more likely(可能的) to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.
2．We stopped at the nearby(附近的) shop to buy some drinks before climbing the mountain.
3．Unless you respect other people’s religions, horrible(极讨厌的) mistakes and conflicts will occur.
4．In the largest room about a dozen children and seven adults(成人) are sitting on the carpet.
5．Tom always goes jogging(慢跑) in the morning and he usually does pushups to stay in shape.
B．根据所给单词写出适当形式
6．Being recognised in public has brought her much trouble, so she is always wearing dark glasses to avoid recognition．(recognise)
7．As the company was declining, the number of employees in the company reduced(reduce) from 120 to 80.
8．Traffic problems have severely affected(affect) the economic development.
9．According to a report, cigarette smoking has been banned(ban) in all indoor public places in China already.
10．In terms of studying, I prefer to study in the library because there are many distractions(distraction) at home.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·北京卷)Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.影响
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood(情绪)．减少
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.公认的；已知的
4．(2018·浙江卷6月)Among the bag makers’ arguments: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. 禁令
Ⅲ.选词成篇
die from; look up; break into; belong to; become addicted to; put up; break the law
Li Hua 1.belongs__to Class Two. He 2.became__addicted__to computer games last year. He 3.broke__into a house one day to get the money for games, and then he was arrested. Li Hua regretted that he had 4.broken__the__law and decided to get rid of the bad habit. Now he is a good student in our school.
give up; set a date; in pain; be related to; in danger; in order to; take one’s advice
Mr. Smith suffers from a serious disease. His disease 5.is__related__to smoking and his life is 6.in__danger. The doctor says if he doesn’t stop smoking, he is likely to lose his life. 7.In__order__to live a healthy life, he 8.takes__the__doctor’s__advice and decides to 9.give__up smoking.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我给你写这封信，希望你能够给我一些帮助。
I’m writing you the letter，hoping__you__can__give__me__some__help．
2．众所周知，没有什么比健康更宝贵。
As we all know, nothing__is__more__precious than health.
3．无论我们遇到什么困难，我们都不会放弃我们的梦想。
Whatever__difficulties__we__may__meet__with,__we will not give up our dream.
addict n．对(药物等)上瘾的人；瘾君子 vt. 使……上瘾
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.Addicting(addict) themselves to the Internet, teenagers are more likely to suffer from depression.
b．Addicted(addict) to the Internet, teenagers are more likely to suffer from depression.
c．Teenagers addicted(addict) to the Internet are more likely to suffer from depression.
②a.He kicked his threepackaday cigarette habit, and overcame his addiction(addict) to alcohol.
b．You should stop taking this medicine because it is addictive(addict)．
[能力提升]——一句多译
很多孩子沉迷于上网，以至于他们对学习失去了兴趣。
③Many kids become/are/get__addicted__to surfing the Internet, so they have lost interest in study.
④Many kids addict__themselves__to surfing the Internet, so they have lost interest in study.
(1)addict oneself to 沉溺于……；
醉心于……
be/become/get addicted to... 沉迷于……；
热爱……；迷上……
(2)addictive adj. 使人上瘾的
addiction n. 瘾；入迷；嗜好
[佳句背诵] Learning you are addicted to Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best universities in China.
得知你迷上了中国文化，我建议你申请北京大学，中国最好的大学之一。(2018·北京卷)
[名师点津] addicted, addiction常与介词to连用，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
[词块助记]
be addicted to football 迷上了足球
drug/Internet addiction 毒瘾/网瘾
a football/video game addict 足球迷/电子游戏迷
likely adj.可能的
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to__recover(recover) at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead.
②(陕西卷)If one is late for a job interview, it is unlikely(likely) that he will get the job.
[能力提升]——一句多译
白天这个时候他不可能来，因为他太忙了。
③He__is__not__likely__to__come/It__is__not__likely__that__he__will__come at this time of the day because he is too busy. (likely)
④It__is__not__possible__for__him__to__come/It__is__not__possible__that__he__will__come at this time of the day because he is too busy. (possible)
⑤It__is__not__probable__that__he__will__come at this time of the day because he is too busy. (probable)
(1)Sb./Sth.be likely to do sth.
某人/某物可能会做某事
It is likely that... 很可能……
(2)unlikely adj. 不可能的
[名师点津] (1)likely指从表面迹象来判断，表面上看来有可能。常用结构：Sb./Sth. is likely to do sth.；It is likely that ...；
(2)possible指客观上有可能，也许实际发生的可能性并不大。常用结构：It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.；It is possible that ...；
(3)probable表示有几分根据的推测，比possible表示的可能性大，一般不用表示人的词作主语。常用结构：It is probable that ...。
recognise vt.认出，识别；承认；认识；认知
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(2019·江苏卷)China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries recognizing(recognize) its role in international affairs.
b．If you want to get your ability recognised(recognise), you have to show it in your work rather than complain all day.
②(安徽卷)I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond recognition(recognise)．
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)People recognise that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.
③(高级表达)It__is__recognised__that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face. (it引导主语从句)
④(高级表达)Environmental pollution is__recognised__to__have__become one of the most serious problems that people face. (被动语态)
(1)recognise sb./one’s voice 认出某人/听出某人的声音
recognise...as/to be 承认……是；
认出……是
It is recognised that... 人们公认……
(2)recognition n. 认出；认识
beyond recognition 认不出来
[佳句背诵] Cellphones, which are now universally recognised as/to be a must, have a great effect on us. 手机现在被普遍认为是一种必需品， 对我们有很大的影响。
[名师点津] 表示“认为……是……”的短语：
①regard...as... ②consider...as...
③see...as... ④view...as...
⑤think of...as... ⑥look on...as...
⑦treat...as... ⑧think...to be...
break into 破门而入，强行闯入；打断；突然……起来
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(天津卷)See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn’t make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
②(广东卷)I was still sleeping when the fire broke out,__and then it spread quickly.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③那个男孩想挣脱他的父亲，但没成功。
The boy tried to__break__away__from his father but in vain.
④科学家希望在治疗心脏病方面能有所突破。
Scientists hope to__break__through soon in their fight against heart disease.
break away from 脱离；放弃；打破
break in 打断；插嘴；闯入
break out 爆发；突然发生
break through 突围；突破；冲垮
break down 垮掉；出故障；分解
break up 破碎；拆散，驱散
[佳句背诵] We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had broken into the office during the night.
早上我们到了工作的地方，发现有人在夜里闯入了办公室。(江西卷)
[名师点津] break into中的into是介词，其后接宾语；而break in中的in是副词，是不及物动词短语，其后不能接宾语。
belong to 属于
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·浙江卷6月)The students feel that they belong to a particular group.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings(belong)?
③The beautiful building belonging(belong) to his family can date back to the Ming Dynasty.
(1)belong to不用于进行时态也没有被动形式。
(2)belonging n． 归属，属于
belongings n. 所有物；财产
[佳句背诵] A 20yearold man broke into a museum and stole a painting, which once belonged to a rich merchant. 一个20岁的男子闯入了一家博物馆，盗走了一幅曾属于一位富商的画。
give up 放弃；让给；停止；戒除
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·天津卷)At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving, but eventually he gave in as she was so confident about her skills.
②(江西卷)Bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won’t give off waste gas.
③(北京卷)That weekend, we went to a nearby neighbourhood where we gave the bags away to the residents.
give in 投降；屈服；让步
give away 赠送；泄露；分发(奖品等)
give off 发出(蒸汽、味道)；发散(光线)
give out 放出；发表；用完
[佳句背诵] Something good is certain to happen in the end when you do not give up, and just wait a little！ 如果你不放弃，就一定会有好的结果，再坚持一下！(北京卷)
whatever引导让步状语从句
(教材原句)Whatever you’re doing when you want to smoke—do something else!
无论你在做什么，当你想抽烟时，做点别的事吧！
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(广东卷)Whatever you do, if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out.
b．Whichever road you take, it will lead you to the station.
②a.(2017·北京卷)Every year, whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
b．(北京卷)Some people believe whatever has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.
[能力提升]——一句多译
(湖南卷)不管你怎么努力，如果不减少你的饮食量，减肥是很困难的。
③However__hard__you__try,__it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
④No__matter__how__hard__you__try,__it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
(1)whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
(2)whenever, wherever, however引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter when/where/how，意为“无论何时/何地/如何”。
(3)however相当于no matter how。句式结构：however＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语。 [佳句背诵] Whatever problem he meets with, he never gives up.
无论遇到什么问题，他从不放弃。(天津卷)
[名师点津] “no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句，可放在主句前或主句后。
维度一 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．(北京卷)The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore，he can go shopping without being__recognized(recognize)．
2．The volunteers are reminded to take everything belonging(belong) to them before leaving the hotel.
3．I am in a dilemma now and my final decision will__be__affected(affect) by whether you help me or not.
4．The train was delayed because of the heavy fog. Mr. Smith is likely to__arrive(arrive) a bit late.
5．—How was your holiday?
—It couldn’t have been more__boring(bore). I just stayed in the hotel because it was raining most of the time.
维度二 在空白处填入1个适当的单词
1．Instantly the good news was announced, the crowds broke into cheers.
2．(湖北卷)Whatever she says will not make any difference to our arrangements.
3．The earlier you stop smoking, the less likely you’re to have diseases related to it in later life.
4．Anny was banned from driving for two years because of a serious accident caused by drunk driving.
5．When I was a child, my father always told me not to give up whatever happened.
维度三 派生词练习
1．He drove so fast that I really felt my life was in danger．So I told him driving fast was dangerous and if he didn’t slow down, he would endanger our lives. (danger)
2．Playing computer games can be a dangerous addiction．It often starts as a hobby, but it is so addictive that many young people are addicted to it.Sometimes the addicts will break the law in order to play these games.(addict)
3．People had to treat themselves in their own way before they received the treatment sent by the government.(treat)
4．After he came to power,__everyone said he was a powerful leader, but now he feels so powerless that he even can’t save his daughter.(power)
维度四 易错混用
1．我大约有4年时间沉迷于视频游戏中。
I went through about four years of being__addicted__to video games.
2．如果你买十本以上的书，他们会把价格降低10%。
If you buy more than ten books, they will reduce__the__price__by 10 percent.
3．他们高高兴兴地回家了，有说有笑。
They went home happily, talking__and__laughing．
4．The car which belongs to me is much newer than yours.
→The car belonging__to me is much newer than yours.
5．Whatever he did, his parents supported him.
→No__matter__what__he__did,__his parents supported him.
提能一 语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)
As we know, drugs are harmful to people’s health. Once touching them, one will become 1.addicted(addict) to them. If he can’t get timely 2.treatment(treat), he is likely 3.to__die(die) eventually.
Taking drugs also 4.affects(affect) our society. In order 5.to__get(get) money to buy drugs, one will do something 6.illegal(legal) such as breaking 7.into others’ houses to steal. All the crimes have had 8.a bad effect on our society.
Our government has taken measures 9.to__reduce(reduce) the horrible dangers of drugs. Whoever takes drugs 10.is__recognised(recognise) to break the law. We appeal to those taking drugs to give up as soon as possible.
提能二 话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是李华，在国际禁毒日，应校报英语栏目邀请写一封倡议信，呼吁青少年远离毒品。写作要点如下：
①毒品的危害；
②发出呼吁。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)
①吸毒已成为一个严重的问题，它影响家庭并对整个社会是一种威胁。
Taking drugs has become a very serious problem. It affects__families and is__a__danger__to the whole society.
②众所周知，毒品对健康危害很大，可能会造成吸毒者死亡。
As is known to all, drugs do very great harm to health, so they__are__likely__to__cause__the__addicts__to__die.
③人一旦吸毒上瘾，很难戒掉。
Once a person is__addicted__to__drugs,__it will be__hard__to__give__it__up．
④许多违法犯罪行为与吸毒直接相关。
Many__crimes__are__directly__related__to taking drugs.
⑤为远离毒品，我们应该教育年轻人意识到毒品再有害不过了。(否定词＋比较级＝最高级)
In__order__to__keep__away__from__drugs,__young people should be educated to realise that drugs__can’t__be__more__harmful．
2．升级平淡句
⑥用非限制性定语从句和not only...but also...句式升级句①
Taking__drugs__has__become__a__very__serious__problem,__which__not__only__affects__families__but__also__is__a__danger__to__the__whole__society.
⑦用such...that...句式结构升级句②
As__is__known__to__all,__drugs__do__such__great__harm__to__health__that__they__are__likely__to__cause__the__addicts__to__die.
3．衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇：meanwhile, therefore)
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Taking drugs has become a very serious problem, which not only affects families but also is a danger to the whole society. As is known to all, drugs do such great harm to health that they are likely to cause the addicts to die. Once a person is addicted to drugs, it will be hard to give it up. Meanwhile, many crimes are directly related to taking drugs. Therefore, in order to keep away from drugs, young people should be educated to realise that drugs can’t be more harmful.
(建议用时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·海口调研)I was selfish as a teenager. I usually spent my time thinking about myself and taking care of my own needs. I let my older brother do most of the work around the house until he left for college. I let my mom and dad worry about our bills and problems while I read books, played, and lost myself in my own imagination. This didn’t change even when I went to college either. I studied hard but only to make my own life better. Even when I started to explore my faith, it was only to increase my own happiness.
I married after graduation and decided to start a family. Of course, I had no idea what hard knocks reality had in store for my selfish soul. Soon I found myself unemployed, deeply in debt, and with a new baby on the way. I found out that life has little sympathy for spoiled people. In fact, all of the struggles I was going through were beating the selfishness slowly out of me.
Still, I didn’t give up on happiness, I knew that there must be a way to find it. I finally realized, however, that it had to include more than just my own needs, wants, and desires. The answer began to make itself clear one night shortly after my baby boy was born. I got a bottle and held him in my arms. As I was feeding him I looked down and saw his big, innocent, trusting eyes. I smiled and talked to him. Then he smiled and I could feel my heart growing, expanding with love. I felt such peace and joy. At that moment I had a hint of the truth: It is by growing our hearts with love that we find our happiness.
Carolyn Arends wrote：“The more people you let into your heart, the bigger your heart gets. The more love you get, the more love you have to give. It just keeps growing.” So, keep loving, keep living and keep caring. Keep growing your heart today, tomorrow, and always.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述作者由一个自私的人成长为一个心中对他人有爱的人，也明白了“爱他人即幸福”的道理的经历。
1．What do we know about the author form the first paragraph?
A．He often helped his brother with housework.
B．He studied hard for his family.
C．He put his own needs above others’．
D．He was concerned about his family.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“let my older brother do most of the work” “let my mom and dad worry about our bills and problems” “This didn’t change even when I went to college either” “I studied hard but only to make my own life better.”和“it was only to increase my own happiness” 的描述可推知，作者在青少年时期较为自私，行为处事总是只考虑自己，几乎不为家人考虑，即他把自己的需要放在别人的需要之上。故选C项。
2．What did the author realize after he suffered in life?
A．Spoiled people can’t survive the hardship of life.
B．Life is cruel to spoiled people.
C．Spoiled people are never happy in life.
D．Selfishness is helpful.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Soon I found myself unemployed, deeply in debt, and with a new baby on the way. I found out that life has little sympathy for spoiled people.”可知，作者在经历了人生的失意后，终于发现生活对被宠坏的人是残酷的。
3．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．The author loved kids.
B．The author often fed his baby.
C．The author realized the importance of happiness.
D．When caring for his baby, the author got inspired.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“As I was feeding him I looked down and saw his big, innocent, trusting eyes. I smiled and talked to him. Then he smiled and I could feel my heart growing, expanding with love. I felt such peace and joy. At that moment I had a hint of the truth: It is by growing our hearts with love that we find our happiness.”可推知，作者在照料孩子的过程中领悟到了通往幸福的途径。
4．Which can be the best title for the passage?
A．Loving Others, a Way to Happiness
B．The Elder One Grows, the More He Gets
C．Help Others, Help Oneself
D．Keep Growing to Live a Happy Life
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据最后一段中的“‘The more people you let into your heart, the bigger your heart gets. The more love you get, the more love you have to give. It just keeps growing.’ So, keep loving, keep living and keep caring. Keep growing your heart today, tomorrow, and always.”的描述可推知，这篇文章的主旨是“爱他人即幸福”。
B
(2020·江西三校联考)
When I was three years old, I couldn’t speak. It was a strange reality that none of the doctors I visited could understand.
One day, I was shadowing(尾随) my mother. She found herself looking in a mirror, and through it our eyes met. She began to speak to me through the reflection, and I slowly began to mimic(模仿) her mouth’s movements until I formed a word.
It turned out that I’m deaf in my left ear, and have a slight problem in my right. Being hard of hearing has been difficult, but I’ve never lived in a state of selfhating sorrow. Imagine being able to shut out all sound as you lay your head down to sleep by simply rolling over onto one side. That’s my reality when I sleep on my “good ear”， and it makes me feel like a superhero sometimes.
People call my deaf side my “bad ear”， but when I wear my hearing aid, I have access to a range of features that some other deaf people don’t. In cinemas, for example, with one click of a button I can enjoy a whole film as though it were whispered to me from the mouths of the actors.
Owning a hearing aid hasn’t always felt good, however. On the first day I got my aid, when I was eight, I took it to school for show and tell. As I explained how it worked to my classmates, a boy yelled out, “Aren’t those for old men？” At that moment, I felt different. It took a long time for me to get over that sense of being so unlike my peers.
But it’s not just schoolkids who can make us deaf and hardofhearing people feel like burdens. Every video on social media that lacks subtitles(字幕), for example, means an entire community of deaf people is unable to enjoy it. Completely deaf people are excluded from enjoying many movies too, as subtitles in cinemas are almost impossible to find.
And with hearing aids costing around $2，500 each, it can be hard for many people to afford to be able to listen to things that others take for granted. As for me, I can listen to music, enjoy films, and catch conversations—I’m lucky. I’m deaf, but I can still hear everything. I’ve been blessed with wonderful life experiences, and I am human. And when it comes to sleeping, I’m even superhuman.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了作者积极应对自己听力障碍的励志故事。
5．How does the author view his hearing difficulty?
A．It’s a disaster and causes him a lot of trouble.
B．It gave him a chance to experience something special.
C．It made him feel embarrassed in front of his classmates.
D．It helped him to live in his own world without being interrupted.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据对第三段的整体理解，尤其是最后一句“That’s my reality when I sleep on my ‘good ear’， and it makes me feel like a superhero sometimes.”可推知，听力障碍让作者有了与众不同的体验，与最后一段倒数第二句“I’ve been blessed with wonderful life experiences, and I am human.”呼应，故选B。
6．What can be inferred from the passage about the author?
A．He was born deaf.
B．He is optimistic and helpful.
C．His family and classmates have supported him a lot.
D．The hearing aid brings much convenience to his daily life.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“People call my deaf side my ‘bad ear’， but when I wear my hearing aid, I have access to a range of features that some other deaf people don’t.”和对本段的整体理解可推知，助听器给作者的生活带来了诸多便利，故选D。
7．What is the author’s attitude towards his life?
A．Grateful. B．Anxious.
C．Excited. D．Disappointed.
A 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段第二句“As for me, I can listen to music, enjoy films, and catch conversations—I’m lucky.” 和第四句“I’ve been blessed with wonderful life experiences, and I am human.”可推知，作者对自己的生活充满感激之情，故选A。
8．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?
A．To give advice on life to disabled people.
B．To show how difficult life is for disabled people.
C．To share his experience of treating a disadvantage with gratitude.
D．To show the convenience a hearing aid could bring.
C 解析：写作意图题。根据对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要讲述了作者积极应对听力障碍的励志故事，故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·合肥第一次质检)
Apologizing the Right Way to a Friend
Why are apologies so difficult? Saying you are sorry can be the most difficult thing you do. But we all make mistakes, so you’ll probably have an occasion when you need to apologize. Perhaps you had blew up at someone and realized later you reacted poorly. 1.________. Whatever the reason, apologizing can help you both heal and move on from the situation.
2．________. First, you acknowledge that you did something wrong. With an apology, you take responsibility for your actions, which allows your friend to forgive you. Second, an apology gives your sincerity as a friend. 3.________， but that doesn’t mean we still shouldn’t apologize.
Now, what are elements of a proper apology? 4.________， depending on what the offense was, where it was done, and who you are apologizing to. In general, a good apology should include the followings: a request for their attention, an acknowledgment of what happened, sincerity in admitting you did something wrong and the words “I’m sorry” or “I apologize”. Here are things never to say when apologizing. Note that the art of apologizing involves taking responsibility. Never apologize as a way to “shut someone up” when they are saying you hurt their feelings and you don’t think you did. 5.________， you should talk things through with your friends until you see why they are hurt or how you came across. You’ll really need to selfreflect so you can see things from your friend’s point of view.
A．When you make your apology in person
B．If you really believe you did nothing wrong
C．Apologies benefit friendships in a variety of ways
D．The way you apologize is going to be slightly different
E．Or maybe you just didn’t show support when you needed to
F．Apologizing the right way, however, may take a little practice
G．Sometimes our pals forgive us easily for the minor things we do wrong
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了向朋友道歉的正确方法。
1．E 解析：根据空后的“Whatever the reason”可知，空处与空前一句讲的是向朋友道歉的原因，所以选项E与语境相符，且选项E中的“maybe”与空前一句中的“Perhaps”相呼应，故选E。
2．C 解析：空处位于段落句首主题句的位置；通读该段可知，该段主要讲的是道歉对友谊的好处，故C项符合语境。
3．G 解析：根据空后的“but that doesn’t mean we still shouldn’t apologize”可知，G项“有时我们的朋友轻易地就原谅了我们犯的小错误”符合语境。
4．D 解析：根据空后的“depending on...who you are apologizing to”可知，D项“你道歉的方式要稍微不同”与之衔接自然，故选D项。
5．B 解析：根据空后的“you should talk things through with your friends until you see why they are hurt or how you came across”可知，B项“如果你确实认为你没做错什么”与之联系紧密，故选B项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·昆明摸底调研)Lions, tigers and other animals are staying awake at night 1.____________(avoid) human beings, a new study finds.
Scientists have known that human activities can lead to changes in nature. Many animals may move around less or travel to far places to keep away 2.____________ people. By being awake at night, animals can also be on guard against possible enemies and spend less time 3.____________(look) for food.
The latest research found even activities like farming and camping can 4.____________ (fright) animals and cause them to become more active at night. 5.____________ had been studied were lions in Tanzania, tigers in Nepal and monkeys in Brazil. Researchers compared 6.____________(careful) how much time those animals were active at night in areas of human activities, such as hunting and farming. 7.____________ was human activities that caused an increase of about 20 percent in nighttime activities, even in creatures that usually sleep at night. Results 8.____________(publish) in the journal Science two months ago.
The new findings are 9.____________(usual) because no one else has looked at it in such detail before. Ecologist Marlee Tucker was 10.____________(surprise) that any kind of human activities is enough for animals to see people as a threat.
【解题导语】 人类活动导致许多动物在夜间保持清醒以保持警惕状态。
1．to avoid 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：一项新的研究发现，狮子、老虎以及其他的动物在夜间保持清醒旨在避开人类。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。
2．from 解析：考查固定搭配。keep away from...“远离……”，为固定搭配。
3．looking 解析：考查固定用法。spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”，为固定用法。
4．frighten 解析：考查动词。句意：最新的研究表明，即使像务农和野营这样的活动也会惊吓到动物，进而导致它们夜间变得更加活跃。情态动词can后应接动词原形，故应用名词fright的动词形式frighten。
5．What 解析：考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句且在从句中作主语，故填What。
6．carefully 解析：考查副词。修饰句中的谓语动词compared应使用副词。
7．It 解析：考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，去掉______ was和that之后，句子表意完整，故该句为强调句型“It was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分”。
8．were published 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，谓语动词publish和句子的主语Results之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语two months ago可知，描述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
9．unusual 解析：考查形容词。句意：因为先前没人对此进行过如此详细的研究，所以这些新的发现显得不同寻常。
10．surprised 解析：考查形容词。此处为过去分词作表语，表示主语Marlee Tucker的状态，故用形容词surprised。
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