2021高考英语一轮统考复习第一部分教材重点全程攻略Book3Unit2Healthyeating学案含解析新人教版

Unit 2  Healthy eating

基础自主检测

1.与“购物”相关的名词一览

①discount    折扣

②customer    顾客

③consumer    消费者

④supermarket    超市

⑤bargain    便宜货

⑥cashier    出纳员

⑦receipt    收据；收条

⑧refund    退款

2.后缀­ed形容词集锦

①balanced    平衡的

②limited    有限的

③complicated    复杂的

④experienced    有经验的

⑤learned    博学的

⑥skilled    熟练的

⑦related    相关的

⑧united    联合的， 统一的

3.以­ness为后缀的常见名词荟萃

①weakness    虚弱；弱点；缺点

②kindness    仁慈；善良；好意

③carelessness    粗心大意

④awareness    意识

⑤sickness    疾病

⑥illness 疾病

⑦darkness 黑暗

 一 动词＋介/副词

1.get away with 受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚

2.win ... back 赢回；重新获得

3.glare at 怒目而视

4.spy on 暗中监视；侦查

5.cut down 削减；删节

二 动词＋名词

6.lose weight 体重减轻；减肥

7.tell a lie 说谎

8.earn one's living 谋生

9.put on weight 增加体重

三 其他

10.balanced diet 平衡膳食

11.ought to 应当；应该

12.in debt 欠债

13.before long 不久以后

1.“动词＋down”短语荟萃

①cut down 削减，删节

②bring down 降低

③slow down 慢下来

④break down 出故障，拆分，失败

⑤turn down 拒绝；调低

⑥settle down 定居，平静下来

⑦cool down 冷静下来

⑧lay down 放下，规定

2.in＋n. 表示“处于……之中”

①in debt 欠债

②in trouble 在困境中

③in danger 处于危险中

④in progress 正在进展中

⑤in fashion 正在流行

⑥in operation 正在运行

1.现在分词短语作伴随状语

Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated (感到十分沮丧). (教材P10)

2.“否定词＋形容词的比较级”表最高级含义

“Nothing could be better (再没有比这更好的了)，” he thought. (教材P10)

3.must have done表肯定推测

Something terrible must have happened (一定发生了) if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did. (教材P10)

4.have sb./sth. doing ... “允许某人/某物做……”或“让某人/某物一直做……”

He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies  (允许……哄骗人们却不受惩罚)! (教材P10)

5.“Why don't you ...？”表建议，可省略为“Why not do ...？”

 Why don't you sit down/Why not sit down (你为什么不坐下来) and try a meal? (教材P14)

单句语法填空

1.What will happen to you if you don't eat a          (balance) diet？

答案：balanced

2.Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang          (hurry) by.

答案：hurrying

3.Wang Peng was amazed          this and especially at the prices.

答案：at

4.Perhaps          a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back.

答案：with

5.He didn't look forward to          (be) in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.

答案：being

6.I found your menu so          (limit) that I stopped          (worry) and started advertising the benefits of my food.

答案：limited; worrying

7.But don't you think it would be better if you were a bit          (thin)？

答案：thinner

8.According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine          (offer) a balanced diet.

答案：offers

9.Perhaps we ought to combine our ideas and provide a balanced menu          food full of energy and fibre.

答案：with

10.Their balanced diets became such a success            before long Wang Peng became slimmer and Yong Hui put          more weight.

答案：that; on

考点步步冲关

1 balance　n．天平；平衡；账户余额　

                    vt.平衡；权衡

What will happen to you if you don't eat a balanced diet？(P9)

如果你饮食不均衡的话，会怎么样呢？

(1)keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡

keep one's balance 保持平衡

lose one's balance (＝be out of balance) 失去平衡

off balance 不稳

on balance 总的来说；全面考虑之后

(2)balance sth. against sth. 权衡/斟酌/比较……与……

(3)balanced adj. 均衡的

keep a balanced diet 保持饮食均衡

掌握“平衡”

即时练1

单句语法填空

①You'd better keep a          (balance) diet for the benefit of your health.

②You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside          the disadvantages.

答案：①balanced　②against

单句写作

③我发现在结冰的路面上行走很难保持平衡。

I found it hard to                        on the icy path.

④当他在追赶他哥哥时，失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。

When he was running after his brother, the boy                        and had a bad fall.

⑤总的来说，公司这一年业绩很好。

            ， the company has had a successful year.

答案：③keep my balance　④lost his balance　⑤On balance

2 lie　n．谎言；谎话　

      vi.说谎；躺；位于；坐落在

He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies！(P10)

他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚！

(1)tell a lie＝tell lies 撒谎；说谎话

a big lie    弥天大谎

a white lie  善意的谎言

(2)lie to sb.  对某人撒谎

lie in 位于；在于

即时练2

单句语法填空

①The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already          (lay) for a meal.

②You could see from his expression that he was          (lie) to us.

③The survivors          (lie) on the beach, exhausted and shocked.

④He didn't finish his homework last night so he told          (lie)．

答案：①laid　②lying　③lay　④lies

单句写作

⑤躺在床上的那个人撒谎说他已经把钱放在桌子上了。

The man                              that he                the money on the table.

答案：lying in bed told a lie; had laid

3 strength　n．[C]长处；强项　[U]力量；体力

The strength of the diet in Wang Peng's restaurant was that it provided plenty of energy－giving food.(P11)

王鹏餐馆的饮食优点在于它能提供含有足够热量的食物。

(1)build up one's strength/body 强身健体

strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点

The strength of ... is that ...  ……的优点是……

(2)strengthen vt.& vi. 加强

即时练3

单句语法填空

①As a good teacher, you should know your students'          (strength) and weaknesses.

②The strength of his diet is          it contains plenty of vitamin and fibre.

③         (strength) our friendship, we'd better keep in touch with each other.

答案：①strengths　②that　③To strengthen

单句写作

④常言道，团结就是力量。如果我们像一家人一样团结在一起，互相照顾，帮助那些需要帮助的人，我们就能创造奇迹。

As the old saying goes, “                .” We can work wonders if we unite as a family, caring for each other and helping those in need.

答案：Unity is strength

4 limit　vt. 限制；限定　n. 界限；限度

I don't want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.(P14)

我并不想让你心烦，不过我发现你菜谱上的菜太少了，所以我也就不着急了，我也开始宣传我餐馆的食物的好处。

(1)limit ... to 把……限定在……范围内

(2)set a limit  设定限度

there is a/no limit to ……是有限/无限的

within limits 在合理限度内

(3)limited adj. 有限的

be limited to 被限制在……

即时练4

单句语法填空

①There is a limit to one's life, but no limit to          (serve) the people.

②I'll help as much as I can, but there is a limit          what I can do.

③In my opinion, we should limit our expense          what we can afford.

④His English was so          (limit) that he couldn't even tell the foreign friend where he was from.

答案：①serving　②to　③to　④limited

get away from 从……脱离；逃脱……

get down to sth. 开始认真对待某事

get rid of 摆脱；除掉

get in 插话；收获

get across (to sb.)被理解；(把……)讲清楚

get through 完成(工作)；渡过(难关)；通过；接通电话

get over 克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来

get into 染上；形成；养成

get in touch with 与……取得联系

即时练1

用get相关短语的适当形式填空

①If you cheat in the exam, you'll never              it.

②It's hard to                work after a nice holiday.

③I called several times, but I couldn't               .

④It took a long time to                the workers the way the machine worked.

⑤Every now and then I like to spend a few days in the country to                the noise and pollution of London.

⑥It will take a long time for his family to                what has happened here.

答案：①get away with　②get down to　③get through

④get across to　⑤get away from　⑥get over

(1)be in debt  欠债；负债(表状态)

be out of debt 还清债务(表状态)

(2)fall/get/run into debt负债(表动作)

pay off a debt  还清债务(表动作)

(3)be in one's debt/be in debt to sb. 欠某人的人情(债)

即时练2

单句写作

①借债容易还债难。

It is much easier to                      than to                     .

②他贫穷时负债，可是自从他有钱后，已经还清了债务。

He was              when he was poor, but has been            since he got rich.

③你待我们太好了，我们将永远感激不尽。

You have been so kind to us that we shall always feel we                   .

答案：①fall/get/run into debt; pay off a debt　②in debt; out of debt　③are deeply in your debt

cut away 切掉；砍掉

cut in 插话；让某人分享利润；强行超车

cut up 切碎；(严重地)割伤

cut out 剪下；停止，戒除；删去

cut through (响亮的声音)划破；(在水中或空中)轻松地通过

cut off 切断；中止；隔绝

即时练3

用cut相关短语的适当形式填空

①I'd feel very              if I didn't know what was happening in the world.

②Every one of us can make a great effort to                the use of energy in our country.

③She kept              on our conversation, which made us very angry.

④             the carrots before you put them into the pot.

答案：①cut off　②cut down　③cutting in　④Cut up

否定词与比较级连用，实际上表示的是最高级的含义。

表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构：

(1)never＋比较级

(2)＋比较级＋than

(3)比较级＋than＋

即时练1

单句语法填空

①It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was          (happy) than I was.

②I have never read a          (interest) story than this one.

答案：①happier　②more interesting

单句写作——句式升级

③在我看来，在日常生活中，身体健康最重要。

a．普通表达：

In my view,                                      in our daily life.

b．高级表达：

From my point of view,                                          in our daily life.

答案：a.health is the most important thing　b．nothing is more important than health

can't have sb. doing sth.意为“不允许某人做某事”，have sb. doing用于否定句时，have表示“容忍”之意。have的其他用法：

have sb./sth. doing sth. 让某人做某事/让某事发生(动作持续)(肯定句)

have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事

have sth. done 让别人做某事；(主语)遭遇到某种情况

have sth. to do 有某事要做(不定式作定语)

即时练2

单句语法填空

①Before long, there were times I would have the groundhog (土拨鼠)          (sit) next to a rabbit, both munching (津津有味地咀嚼) on carrots.

②When he was riding a bike in the street, he had his arm          (hurt)．

答案：①sitting　②hurt

单句写作

③我不允许你用那种粗鲁的方式跟你的母亲说话。你必须立刻向她道歉。

I can't                                          in such a rude manner. You must                    immediately.

答案：have you speaking to your mother; apologize to her

情态动词(Ⅱ)

ought to/ought not to

ought to意为“应该，应当”，其后必须跟动词原形，只有一种形式，没有人称和数的变化。

ought to的否定形式为ought not to (或oughtn't to)，其一般疑问句形式是将ought置于主语前。

①We ought to stop polluting nature.

我们应该停止污染大自然。

②You oughtn't to scold him.

你不该责备他。

have to/don't have to/mustn't

1．情态动词have to(口语中说成have got to)表示客观需要做的事情，意为“必须；不得不”。有时态、人称和数的变化，其否定式和疑问式应由助动词do构成。

③I had to leave yesterday.

昨天我不得不离开。

2．have to的否定式为don't have to，表示“没有义务或没有必要做某事”，意为“不必”，常可以回答must提问的一般疑问句。而must的否定式mustn't表示“禁止”。

④—Must I do it at once?

—Yes, you have to (＝Yes, you must)．/No, you needn't (＝No, you don't have to)．

——我必须马上做吗？

——是的，你必须。/不，你不必。(作出肯定、否定回答)

⑤You mustn't go out alone at night.

晚上你一定不能独自出去。

need/needn't

need表示“需要”或“必要”，既可以作情态动词，也可以作实义动词，但是它们的用法不同。

1．作为情态动词，need通常用于否定句和疑问句。

⑥He needn't pay for it.

他没必要付钱。

⑦—Must I type this letter again?

—No, you needn't (＝No, you don't have to)．/Yes, you must (＝Yes, you have to)．

——我必须把信再打印一遍吗？

——不，你不必。/是的，你必须。

2．作为实义动词，同其他实义动词一样，可用于各种句式，有时态、人称、数的变化，构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词do或does。

⑧We need to help him.

我们得帮助他。

⑨We don't need to tell him the truth.

我们不必告诉他真相。

即时练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．You          have cleaned the room, because I had done it already.

答案：needn't

2．We          take combustible (易燃的) goods aboard.

答案：mustn't

3．In order to become transparent, an animal needs 　　　　 (keep) its body from absorbing or scattering light.

答案：to keep

4．—Can't you stay a little longer?

—It's getting late. I really         go now. My daughter is at home alone.

答案：have to

5．You          (ought) make private phone calls in work time.

答案：oughtn't to

Ⅱ.单句写作

1．教师对学生应该耐心。

Teachers                  be patient with students.

答案：ought to/should

2．昨天天气很好，我本不必费事带着雨伞。

The weather turned out to be fine yesterday, I                  the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.

答案：needn't have taken

3．我们不需要改变我们的学习方式。

We                        change how we learn.

答案：do not have to/needn't

4．亨利感觉不舒服。他昨晚在派对上一定喝多了。

Henry is feeling uncomfortable. He                      too much at the party last night.

答案：must have drunk

5．你本该昨天完成论文，因为昨天就是最后期限。

You                      the paper yesterday as it was the deadline.

答案：ought to/should have finished

基础达标演练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Reading widely and regularly will be          (benefit)  to your English.

答案：beneficial

2．The doctor told Bob his heart was in poor condition and that he must cut         on alcohol and smoking.

答案：down

3．The lecture made me realize the importance of a          (balance) diet.

答案：balanced

4．They are discussing the          (strong) and weaknesses of the argument.

答案：strengths

5．Claire had her luggage          (check) an hour   before her plane left.

答案：checked

6．Mr Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a          (good) boss.

答案：better

7．People have always been          (curiosity) about   exactly how life on earth began.

答案：curious

8．The child said that he had          (lay) the pen on the desk, but I thought he          (lie) to me.

答案：laid; lied

9．We could not have him          (get) away, for he had made such a serious offence.

答案：get

10．Learn to combine your knowledge          experience, and you are sure to succeed.

答案：with

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．He is such warm­hearted a man that he often helps others.

答案：such→so

2．As we all know, there is no limit to help the people in trouble.

答案：help→helping

3．In order to make herself more beautiful, she had her hair cutting yesterday.

答案：cutting→cut

4．—Would you like some more chicken?

—No, thanks. I am at a diet and trying to lose weight.

答案：at→on

5．His company is deeply in a debt because of his bad management.

答案：去掉a

Ⅲ.教材微写作

A．根据提示完成句子

1．众所周知，没有什么比健康更宝贵。(否定词＋比较级)

答案：As we all know, nothing is more precious than health.

2．在我们日常生活中，保持学习和娱乐之间的平衡是很重要的。 (keep the balance between ... and ... )

答案：In our daily life, it is of great importance to keep the balance between study and pleasure.

3．均衡饮食和有规律的锻炼帮助我们保持健康。(a balanced diet)

答案：A balanced diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy.

4．许多人常熬夜看电视或玩电脑游戏，这对他们的身体有害。 (do harm to)

答案：A great many people often stay up watching TV or playing computer games, which does harm to their health.

5．为了对健康有益，充分的休息是必要的。(for the benefit of)

答案：It is necessary to have enough rest for the benefit of our health.

B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范

答案：As we all know, nothing is more precious than health. In our daily life, it is of great importance to keep the balance between study and pleasure. Meanwhile, a balanced diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy. However, a great many people often stay up watching TV or playing computer games, which does harm to their health. It is necessary to have enough rest for the benefit of our health.