2021高考英语一轮统考复习第二部分高考重点语法突破专题二第3讲并列句和状语从句学案含解析新人教版
展开第3讲 并列句和状语从句
考点一 并列连词与并列句
连词常分为并列连词(也叫等位连词)和从属连词两大类。
并列句是由两个或两个以上简单句构成。在并列句中,这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。并列连词之前可用也可不用逗号。
1.并列连词归纳
属性 | 连接词 | 典型例句 |
并列 关系 | and, not only ... but (also), neither ... , nor ... , both ... and | Their car broke down halfway and they had to stay in a small inn for the night. 他们的车在半路上出了故障,他们不得不在一个小旅社过夜。 |
选择 关系 | or, either ... or ..., otherwise, or else, not ... but | Either you are mad, or I am. 要么你疯了,要么我疯了。 |
转折 关系 | but, yet, still, however, while, whereas | Mary was a nice girl, but she had one shortcoming. 玛丽是个好女孩,但她有一个缺点。 |
因果 关系 | for, so, therefore | Someone is coming, for the dog is barking. 有人来了,因为狗叫了。 |
2.使用时要特别注意其特性
(1)and, not only ... but (also) ..., neither ... nor ... 等词连接的并列句,在意义上主要对前一句子作补充或引申。
①One day, I was late, and my teacher was angry.
有一天我迟到了,我的老师生气了。
②Not only is he himself interested in the subject, but also his students begin to show interest in it.
不仅他自己对这个科目感兴趣,他的学生也开始表现出兴趣。
(2)or, either ... or ... 连接并列句表示选择意义。
③The children can go with us, or they can stay in. (选择)
孩子们可以跟我们一起去,也可以留下。
④The workers were cheerful, or at least they appeared to be cheerful. (换个说法)
工人们非常高兴,或者说他们至少表现得很高兴。
⑤Be careful, or you will break your neck. (否定条件)
小心点,否则你会折断脖子的。
3.注意事项
(1)“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型
该句型中的祈使句表示条件,后面的陈述句表示结果。and表示前后句意思的顺延,or表示前后句意思的转折。
①Go straight on, and you'll see a church.
一直向前走,你就会看到一座教堂。
②Don't turn off the computer before closing all programs, or you could have problems.
在关闭所有程序前不要关闭电脑,要不然会出问题的。
具体运用中,该句型中的祈使句常省略为名词短语等。
③One more minute, and we can finish the job much better.
再给一分钟,我们会把工作做得更好。
(2)but/while/however的区别
but表示意义的转折;while既表示转折又表示对比;however为表示转折意义的副词,常用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。
④Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people, but there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable.
邻居们应尽可能避免烦扰别人,但是很多时候有些打扰是不可避免的。
⑤There's no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery while another man, also intelligent, fails.
为什么一个人会作出一个重要的发现,而另一个人,也很聪明但是失败了,这不得而知。(表示两种情况的对比)
(3)并列连词when的用法
when可作并列连词,意为“正在这时”,表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时,突然发生另一动作。
⑥Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.
汤姆正要关窗户,这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。
⑦One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help.
一个礼拜五,我们正在收拾行李去度周末,这时我的女儿听到求救的呼喊。
⑧He had just finished his homework when his mother asked him to play the piano.
他刚完成作业母亲就让他弹钢琴。
(4)表示因果关系的并列连词(含连接副词)for, so, thus, therefore等的用法
⑨We must start early, for it will take two hours to drive to the airport.
我们必须早点动身,因为开车去机场得花两个小时。
⑩The shops were closed so I didn't get any milk.
商店都关门了,所以我没买到牛奶。
[注意] for引出的分句只能后置,并用逗号与前面的句子隔开;它主要用来表示推测性的原因,或附带解释说明前一分句的情况。so用于连接两个句子,第一个叙述原因,第二个表示结果,且because不能与so连用。
即时练1 单句语法填空
①Literacy involves a variety of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop their knowledge, to participate fully in society.
②Men talk about killing time time quietly kills them.
③The court heard that neither Daly Miss Hicks, 22, was wearing seat belts at the time of the collision that happened on November 17, 2011.
④Whether I was in the car, the house, anywhere else there was sure to be some Beatles, or Buddy Holly constantly playing in the background.
⑤Remember, a winner is not one who never fails, one who never quits!
⑥Henry is very smart, many of his classmates like him.
答案:①and ②while ③nor ④or ⑤but ⑥so
考点二 从属连词和状语从句
一、时间状语从句
1.when, while, as 引导的时间状语从句
(1)when 表示“当……时;在……期间”。
①When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.
我住在那里时,星期天常到海滨去。
(2)while 表示“在……期间”,从句中常用延续性动词。
②Please don't talk so loud while others are working.
在别人工作的时候,请别这么大声音说话。
(3)as表示“一边……一边……,随着……”。
③As time goes on, it's getting warmer and warmer.
随着时间的推移,天气变得越来越温暖了。
[注意] 1如果主句表示的是短暂性动作,而从句用延续性动词的进行时表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时,when/while/as 可以互换使用。
When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.
我正沿着大街走时,碰巧遇到了我的一位老朋友。
2when还可表原因,意为“既然”。
How can I help them to understand when they won't listen to me?
既然他们不听我说,我怎么帮他们理解?
2.as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner ... than ..., hardly/scarcely ... when ... 和once(一……就……)
这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即就发生,常译为“一……就……”。从句中常用一般时态代替将来时。
①The moment I heard the voice,I knew Father was coming.
我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。
②The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。
[注意] (1)no sooner ... than ...,hardly/scarcely ... when ... 句型的时态运用:主句的谓语动词应用过去完成时,而than与when引导的从句谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外,当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时,应用倒装语序。
He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.
→No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.
他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。
(2)“on+v.ing”和“on+one's+n.”结构。当v.ing和n.在意义上相对应时,这两个结构可以互换。
On arriving the station, the thief was arrested.
刚到火车站,这个小偷就被逮捕了。
On his arrival in Paris he was recognized as a noble and thrown into prison.
他刚到巴黎,就被认出是位贵族并被投入监狱。
3.till, until和not ... until引导的时间状语从句
(1)“延续性动词(肯定式)+until/till”表示“动作延续到……为止”。
①We walked along the river until/till it was dark.
我们沿着河散步,一直到天黑。
(2)“瞬间动词/延续性动词(否定式)+until/till”表示“直到……才发生”。
②He didn't know anything about it until/till I told him.
直到我告诉他,他才知道这件事。
(3)强调句型:It is/was not until ... that ...
③It was not until the professor came that we began the experiment.
直到教授来了,我们才开始做实验。
[注意] 1till不可以置于句首,而until可以。
Until you told me I had no idea of it.
直到你告诉我,我才知道这件事。
2not until置于句首,主句要用倒装结构。
Not until the film began did she arrive.
直到电影开始她才到。
4.before与since引导的时间状语从句
(1)before与since的常用句式。
连词 | 词义 | 常用句式 |
before | 在……之前;还未……就……;……才……;还没来得及……就…… | It will (not) be+一段时间+before ... (没有)过……时间才(就)…… |
It was not+一段时间+before ... 没多久就…… | ||
It was+时间段+before ... 过了……(时间)才…… |
续表
连词 | 词义 | 常用句式 |
since | 自从……以来,…… | It is/has been+一段时间+since ... (从句用一般过去时) |
It was+一段时间+since ... (从句用过去完成时) |
①Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each other.(……之后才……)
继父和我相处一段时间后才彼此习惯。
②Someone called me up in the midnight, but he hung up before I could answer the phone.(还没来得及……就……)
有人半夜给我打电话,但我还没来得及接就挂断了。
③It will be two years before he leaves the country.
再过两年他才会离开这个国家。
④It wasn't two years before he left the country.
不到两年他就离开了这个国家。
(2)since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词,所表示的动作自从句谓语动词所表示的动作开始时算起;若用延续性动词,所表示的动作自从句谓语的动作或状态的完成或结束时算起。
⑤It's two years since we arrived here.
我们到这儿两年了。
⑥It's three years since we lived here.
我们不住在这里有三年了。
5.“It+be+时间+从句”句型
“It+be+时间+从句”句型是高考考查的热点,其中连接词的选择是个难点。突破这个难点的关键是要把握好句意,根据句意的需要选择合适的连接词:
(1)表示“再过多长时间某事才会发生”,用“It will be+时间段+before从句”。
①It will be three weeks before we have the next exam.
再过三周我们就要进行下一次考试了。
(2)表示“自……以来有多长时间了”,用“It be+时间段+since从句”,如果主句用一般现在时,从句用一般过去时;如果主句用一般过去时,则从句用过去完成时。
②It is three years since he joined the army.
自从他参军以来已经三年了。
③He said it was three years since he had joined the army.
他说他参军已三年了。
(3)“It be+时间状语+that+其他”构成强调句型,意思是“正是在某一时间发生了某事”。
④It was at six o'clock that we got home.
正是在六点我们到了家。
(4)“It be+时间点+when从句”表示“某事发生在什么时间”,it指代时间。
⑤It was six o'clock when we got home.
当我们到家的时候六点了。
6.every time, each time, next time, the last time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句,表示“每当……,每次……,下次……,上次……”等
①Every/Each time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out.
每当我处于困境,他就会来帮助我。
②Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here.
下次你来的时候,一定记着把你儿子带来。
③The last time she saw James, he was lying in bed.
上次她看见詹姆斯的时候,他正躺在床上。
二、条件状语从句
1.if和unless引导的条件状语从句。if表示正面的条件,意为“如果”;unless(=if ... not)表示反面的条件,意为“除非,如果不”。
①If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.
要是你早来几分钟就碰到他了。
②You'll fail the exam unless you study hard(=if you don't study hard).
除非你努力学习,否则你考试会不及格。
2.in case, on condition that, providing(that), provided (that),supposing(that), suppose(that)等词汇意思相近,意为“万一,假使,假如,在……条件下”。
①In case there is a fire, what will we do first?
万一发生火灾,我们首先要做什么?
②Suppose/Supposing(that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?
假如他们拒绝了我们,我们还能求助于谁?
③They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend.
他们同意把车借给我们,条件是我们在周末前归还。
3.as long as(=so long as)引导语气强烈的条件状语从句,意为“只要”。
As long as you don't lose heart, you will succeed.
你只要不灰心,就会成功。
4.在“祈使句+and/or/or else/otherwise+陈述句”句型中,祈使句在意义上相当于条件状语从句。
①Run faster and you'll catch the bus.
跑快点,你就会赶上公共汽车的。
②Work hard, otherwise you'll fail.
努力干,要不你就会失败的。
5.if only “如果……就好了”和only if “只有”也可以引导条件状语从句。但是当only if置于句首时,主句部分倒装。
①If only I were as clever as you.
我要是像你一样聪明就好了。
②Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to leave the classroom.
学生只有得到老师的许可才能离开教室。
三、让步状语从句
1.although/though(尽管,虽然),even though/even if(即使)引导的让步状语从句
although与though两者意思相同,一般可互换,都可以与yet, still或nevertheless连用,但不能和but连用。
①He is unhappy, though/although he has a lot of money.
虽然他很有钱,但他并不幸福。
②Although/Though it was raining hard, yet they went on playing football.
虽然雨下得很大,但他们还是继续踢足球。
③Even though/if it rains tomorrow, we'll go there.(陈述语气)
即使明天下雨,我们也要去那里。
④Even if I wanted to marry you, my parents would not agree.(虚拟语气)
即使我想和你结婚,我父母也不会同意。
⑤He went out even though it was raining.
尽管在下雨,他还是出去了。
[注意] though还可用作副词,意为“可是,然而”,置于句末。
He said he would come; he didn't, though.
他说他会来,可是没有来。
2.as或though引导让步状语从句时倒装的情况
as或though从句一般放在主句之前,常用倒装语序。从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是单数名词,前置时要省略冠词。
①Child as/though he is, he can tell the names of all the cars.
尽管他是孩子,但他能辨认出所有车的名字。
②Much as/though I like it, I won't buy it, for it's too expensive.
虽然我很喜欢它,但不会买,因为它太贵了。
[注意] though引导的从句可以像as引导的从句一样用倒装语序,但是although引导的从句只能用正常语序。注意比较下面的说法:
√Smart though/as she is, she doesn't study hard.
√Though she is smart, she doesn't study hard.
√Although she is smart, she doesn't study hard.
×Smart although she is, she doesn't study hard.
×As she is smart, she doesn't study hard.
3.whether ... or ... (不管……还是……);疑问词+ever与no matter+疑问词(不管……;无论……)
①Whether she comes here or we go there, the topic of the discussion will remain unchanged.
不管是她来这儿还是我们去那儿,讨论的话题都不会变。
②Whatever(=No matter what) you say, he won't believe you.(让步状语从句)
无论你说什么,他都不会相信你。
③Whoever you are (=No matter who you are), you must obey the rules.(让步状语从句)
无论你是谁,都要遵守规则。
[注意] whoever, whatever, whomever, whichever还可以引导名词性从句。
You can take whatever you like.宾语从句
你喜欢什么就可以拿什么。
4.while也可作从属连词引导让步状语从句,相当于although
While I admit that there are problems, I don't agree that they cannot be solved.
尽管我承认有问题存在,但我并不认为这些问题不能解决。
四、地点状语从句
1.地点状语从句是指在复合句中作地点状语的从句,表示空间关系,可置于句首、句中或句末,通常由从属连词where, wherever等引导。
①We should go where the Party needs us most.
我们应到党最需要我们的地方去。
②You are free to go wherever you like.
你愿意去哪里就去哪里。
③Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者,事竟成。
④Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire.
无火不生烟。(无风不起浪)
2.注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句。
①You'd better make a mark where you have any question.(状语从句)
②You'd better make a mark at the place where you have any question.(定语从句)
你最好在有问题的地方做一下标记。
[注意] 如何判断一个从句是不是地点状语从句呢?对于地点状语从句,我们要知道,这类状语从句用于说明谓语动作发生的地点,通常跟在谓语动词短语后面,where前没有表示地点的先行词,知道这一点,就会很容易判断出句子是不是地点状语从句。
五、原因状语从句
1.引导原因状语从句的连词主要有:because, as, since等。并列连词for也可表示原因。每个连词的含义不尽相同。
①It was because he was late for class that he was criticized by the teacher.
正是因为他迟到了老师才批评他。
②I can't go with you, as I have a lot of work to do.
我不能和你一起去,因为我有很多工作要做。
③Now that/Since everyone is here, we can begin our discussion.
既然大家都在这儿,我们可以开始讨论了。
2.when(既然),seeing that (鉴于,由于),considering that (考虑到),in that(因为)等也可以引导原因状语从句。
①It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could walk there in five minutes.
既然步行5分钟就能到那里,你却去乘出租汽车,真够愚蠢的。
②Seeing that there were less than half the members present, the meeting had to be postponed.
鉴于到会的成员还没一半,会议只好延期举行。
六、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的连词有:so that, in order that, for fear that, in case (以防),lest等。
1.so that与in order that
这两个连词都表示“为了,以便”,引导的目的状语从句常与情态动词can, could,may, might等连用。in order that引导的从句可以置于主句之前或之后,而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
①I am studying hard so that/in order that I can enter a famous university.
为了能上一所名牌大学,我一直努力学习。
②In order that we could save time we used the computer.
我们使用计算机是为了节省时间。(此时不可使用so that)
2.for fear that表示“生怕,以免”,in case表示“以防”。
①Batteries must be kept in dry places for fear that electricity should leak away.
电池应该放在干燥的地方,以免漏电。
②I'll keep a seat for you in case you should change your mind.
我给你留个座位,没准儿你会改变主意。
七、结果状语从句
常用来引导结果状语从句的引导词或短语有so that, so ... that ... , such ... that ... 。
1.结构形式
①There was so little food at home that we had to go out to buy some.
家里快没食物了,我们只好出去买一些。
②Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him.
→Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him.
迈克是一个如此诚实的工人,以至于我们都相信他。
③He has made such rapid progress that he was praised by his teacher three times a day.
他取得了如此快的进步,以致老师一天表扬了他三次。
[注意] 区别so ... that和such ... that的用法:
名前such,形、副so,that从句跟在后;
多多少少必用so,特别注意是little;
“小”用such,“少”用so。
2.当so或such置于句首时,主句要用倒装语序。
①So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.
他是一个如此聪明的学生,以至于他能解决所有的难题。
②Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.
爆炸的威力如此巨大,以致所有的窗户都被震破了。
3.so/such ... that ... 引导的结果状语从句与so/such ... as ... 引导的定语从句的区别。
(1)so/such ... that ... 引导结果状语从句时,that在从句中不作任何成分,只起连接作用。
①It is such a moving film that we all want to see it.
这是一部如此感人的电影,以至于我们都想去看。
(2)so/such ... as ... 中,as引导定语从句,as在从句中作主语或宾语。
②It is such a moving film as we all want to see.
这是一部感人的、我们都想看的电影。
八、方式状语从句
1.方式状语从句常由as, just as, as if/though等引导,多置于主句之后。
①You ought to write as he does.
你应该像他那样写。
②He did as (he had been) told.
他遵嘱而行。
2.as if或as though引导的方式状语从句一般用虚拟语气,但如果从句所陈述的情况很可能实现,也可用陈述语气。
①He likes to talk big as if/though he were an important person.
他老爱说大话,就仿佛他是一位重要人物似的。
②He walked as though/if he was drunk.
他走起路来就像喝醉了一样。
九、比较状语从句
1.as ... as ...; not so/as ... as ...; the same ... as ... 表示相同程度的比较,肯定句用as ... as ...,否定句可用not as ... as或not so ... as。
He doesn't run so/as fast as Jack (does).
他跑得不如杰克快。
2.than表示不同程度的比较,主句中用形容词或副词的比较级。
①He runs less fast than me.
他跑得没我快。
②It was more expensive than I thought.
它比我想象的要贵。
3.the+比较级,the+比较级,表示“越……就越……”
The more you eat, the fatter you will be.
吃得越多,你将越胖。
即时练2 单句语法填空
① there are many positive developments associated with the Internet, there are also certain fears and concerns.
②Talking about fires can be scary no one likes to think about people getting hurt or their things getting burned.
③The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys at last it reaches the sea.
④The teacher spoke slowly and in simple English in order the students might understand her.
⑤We know that tasks your group is given, a few rules need to be followed to ensure a productive and successful experience.
⑥Hunting elephants was so profitable from 1979 to 1989 the number of elephants in Africa fell from 1.3 million to 600,000.
⑦Researchers have found, in their experiment, that a baby's cries can cause unique emotional responses in the brain, making it impossible for us to ignore them we are parents or not.
⑧In fact, the discontent is not useless since you may learn more from it from the things that cheer you up.
⑨ the wedding ceremony began, the couple nervously repeated their vows “we promise to love each other for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health”.
⑩ we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language.
答案:①While/Though/Although ②because ③till/until ④that ⑤whatever ⑥that ⑦whether ⑧than ⑨As/When ⑩If
误区一 并列连词的缺失或误用
(1)【误】We bought her a birthday present, she liked it very much.
【正】We bought her a birthday present, and she liked it very much.
[分析] 分析句式可知,两个分句之间缺少连词,结合句意“我们给她买了生日礼物,而且她很喜欢”可知,前后分句之间是并列关系,故在she前加and。
(2)【误】Everyone in the town knew him, we had no trouble finding his house.
【正】Everyone in the town knew him, so we had no trouble finding his house.
[分析] 分析句式可知,两个分句之间缺少连词,结合句意“镇上谁都认识他,因此我们毫不费力就找到了他的家”可知,前后分句之间是因果关系,故在we前加so。
(3)【误】Come a little earlier next time, and you'll miss the best part of the TV play.
【正】Come a little earlier next time, or/otherwise you'll miss the best part of the TV play.
[分析] 此句是“祈使句+or/otherwise+陈述句”句型。
[注意] 导致以上错误的原因主要在于两方面:①用逗号连接两个简单句;②不清楚句意或句式区别造成连词误用。要记住,逗号前后不能为两句话,要么其中一个是从句,要么有连词连接,这才符合语法规则。另外,还应注意避免机械地排列简单句,这也是书面表达中不能取得高分的原因之一,如:
I believe I am fit for it. I'm writing to apply for the position.
如果我们把这两个意义相关的句子用适当的连词连接起来,可得到下面的句子:
I believe I am fit for it, so I'm writing to apply for the position.
比较一下,同学们是不是感觉后者要优于前者呢?并列连词的使用可增强句子之间的逻辑性和美感,使句子之间显得更加紧凑。
误区二 状语从句成分的残缺或连接词的误用
(1)【误】Please close the doors and windows before leave the classroom.
【正】Please close the doors and windows before you leave the classroom.
[分析] before引导的为时间状语从句,从句中缺失了主语。
(2)【误】Teachers and parents should respect us no matter we are in or outside school.
【正】Teachers and parents should respect us whether we are in or outside school.
[分析] 两句尽管从汉语角度来看意思相同,但是从语法角度no matter一般后跟特殊疑问词,而whether可直接引导状语从句。
(3)【误】It was three days when the missing boy was found in a cave.
【正】It was three days before the missing boy was found in a cave.
[分析] 固定句型“It was+时间段+before ...”意为“过了多久才……”。
(4)【误】Unless you have any question, please don't hesitate to contact me.
【正】If you have any question, please don't hesitate to contact me.
[分析] if ... not ... 相当于unless,根据句意“如果你有任何问题,请尽管和我联系”可知,应用If。
[注意] 造成以上错误一方面是由于受到汉语的干扰,另一方面则是因为对固定句式或句意理解不清而致。在平时训练时应注意培养自己的从句意识,并加强特殊句式的积累。
误区三 并列连词和状语从句中的从属连词重复误用
(1)【误】Although she felt ill, but she still went to work.
【正】Although she felt ill, she still went to work.
[分析] 在主从复合句中,although, though不和but连用。
(2)【误】Because the rent was that high, so they actually moved down from upstairs.
【正】Because the rent was that high, they actually moved down from upstairs.
[分析] 在主从复合句中,并列连词so和从属连词because不能连用。
[注意] 造成此类错误主要是因为受到了汉语的干扰,单纯只看句意,没有考虑英语的语法规则。两个简单句之间连接,只需且只能有一个连接词,若有两个连接词则没有了主句,这是不符合语法规则的,需要平时多加注意。
1.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I work not because I have to, because I want to.
答案:but
2.(2019· 天津高考)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion he wants their support.
答案:unless
3.(2018·北京高考) we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
答案:If
4.(2018·天津高考)Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend so they get sweet enough to be eaten.
答案:that
5.(2018·江苏高考) you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
答案:Unless
6.(2016·北京高考)I am not afraid of tomorrow, I have seen yesterday and I love today.
答案:for
1.完整的句子中,如果两个单词或短语并列,要填并列连词。
2.若两个句子(两个主谓结构)之间没有句号或分号,也没有连词,空格处必定填连接词。
3.牢记特殊句式中连词的运用。
4.全面掌握九大状语从句的连接词,熟悉它们的用法。
5.准确判断主从句的逻辑关系,同时要注意区分易混词:如果主从句是因果关系,则要考虑用because/as/since;如果主从句有时间先后之分,则要考虑用时间状语从句的连词;如果从句为主句的条件,则要考虑用if;如果从句表示让步,则要考虑用although或though或while;如果有that,则要考虑用so和such。
1.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agreed.
答案:but→and
2.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
答案:where→when
3.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.
答案:and→but
4.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.
答案:去掉but
1.句间无连词,增加连词
凡是两个句子间没有句号、分号,又没有连词时,一定是漏掉了连词,要根据两句之间的意义关系或逻辑关系,增加一个适当的连词。
2.句间多连词,删除连词
特别是受汉语影响,易将although/though ... but ..., because ... so ... 连用,遇到此种情况,一般删除后面的but, so,以免影响一个句子的第一个单词首字母大写的原则。
3.遇到连词要考虑是否用错
要根据句意、前后的逻辑关系去判断连词是否正确。
4.状语从句改错三步骤
第1步 分析逻辑关系;
第2步 判断状语从句类型;
第3步 锁定从属连词。