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江苏省扬州市高级中学2020届高三上学期学情调研（三）英语试题
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大桥高级中学2020届高三第一学期学情调研（三）
英语试题
2019.10.27
本试卷分为第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。共120分，考试时间120分钟。
第一卷（三部分，共85分）
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分20分)
第一节 (共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will James do tomorrow ?
A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report.
2. What can we say about the woman?
A. She's generous. B. She's curious. C. She's helpful.
3. When does the train leave?
A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30.
4. How does the go to work?
A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman regret?
A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major.
7. What is the woman interested in studying now?
A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the man?
A. A hotel manager. B. A tour guide. C. A taxi driver.
9. what is the man doing for the woman?
A. Looking for some local foods.
B. Showing her around the seaside.
C. Offering information about a hotel.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In an office. B. At home C. At a restaurant.
11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?
A. Go to a concert. B. Visit a friend C. work extra hours.
12. Who is Alice going to call?
A. Mike. B. Joan C. Catherine.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the woman meet the man?
A. To look at an apartment. B. To deliver some furniture. C. To have a meal together.
14. What does the woman like about the carpet?
A. Its color. B. Its design. C. Its quality.
15. What does the man say about the kitchen?
A. It's a good size. B. It's newly painted. C. It's adequately equipped.
16. What will the woman probably do next?
A. Go downtown. B. Talk with her friend. C. Make payment.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who is the speaker probably talking to?
A. Movie fans. B. News reporters. C. College students.
18. When did the speaker take English classes?
A. Before he left his hometown.
B. After he came to America.
C. When he was 15 years old.
19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher?
A. He's proud. B. He's sympathetic. C. He's grateful .
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about ?
A. How education shaped his life.
B. How his language skills improved.
C. How he managed his business well.
第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)
第一节:单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21.I’d like to thank you for the great_____of being addressing this assembly, sharing my opinion of living a low-carbon life.
A. privilege B. prescription C. property D. presentation
22.Many young women, unaware that they are at risk, live in _____UNAIDS calls “challenging
environments”, with insufficient access to food and education.
A. where B. what C. why D. how
23.Raising the incomes of the poor is likely to be ineffective in a wealthy society, ______ accompanied by other measures.
A. once B. when C. if D. unless
24.Sarah, who has just been promoted to sales manager of the international company, is responsible for the ______running of its sales department.
A. considerate B.smooth C.offensive D.thorough
25.If we don’t take any measures at once, all the crops _______ by tomorrow morning.
A. will have been flooded B. have been flooded C. are to flood D. will have flooded
26.Her rich experience gave her an advantage over other __________ for the job.
A. accountants B. acquaintances C.applicants D. agent
27.Located in the center of Melbourne, Australia, are two tall towers designed by building architect Phil Rowe, both of _______shaped like massive tree houses rather than skyscrapers.
A. them B. who C. which D. whom
28.In order to attract American students to the _______ Chinese arts, Zhao and her team have turned to master musicians, magicians and martial artists.
A. authentic B. confidential C. tentative D. artificial
29.We have already discussed this plan _____, so next we should spare no effort to carry it out.
A. at length B. at random C. at ease D. at best
30. He is quite sure that it’s _________ impossible for him to fulfill the task within two days.
A. absolutely B. accurately C. actively D. acutely
31. --- I’d like to buy a sweater, but I’m not sure about the color.
--- How about the blue one? The light yellow one _______easily.
A.stains B. has stained C. is stained D. has been stained
32. The schoolmaster _____ the girl’s bravery in his opening speech.
A. applauded B. appeared C. apologized D. clapped
33.I don’t believe what you said, but if you can prove it, you may be able to ___ me.
A.decline B. inform C. guarantee D. convince
34. The two countries are going to meet to _______some barriers to trade between them.
A. make up B. use up C. turn down D. break down
35. —Would you please wait for a moment while I telephone the reception desk to check?
—________．
A. I wouldn't mind that B. Sound like fun C. I mean it D. You wish
第二节:完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Just ten years ago, I sat across the desk from a doctor with a stethoscope. “Yes,” he said, “there is a lesion(病变) in the left, upper lobe (肺叶)…” I listened,___36___, as he continued, “You’ll have to give up work at once and go to bed. Later on, we’ll see.” He gave no assurances. Feeling like a man who in mid-career has suddenly been placed under ___37___ of death with an indefinite reprieve(缓刑), I left the doctor’s office . After careful thought, I ___38___ my affairs; then I went home and got into bed and set my watch to tick off not the minutes, but the months. But 2 years and many dashed hope later, I left my bed and began the long climb ___39___. It was another year ___40___ I made it.
I speak of this experience because these years that passes so slowly have taught me what to ___41___ and what to believe. I ___42___ now that this world is not my oyster(牡蛎)to be opened but my ___43___ to be grasped. Each day is a precious entity. The sun comes up and presents me with 24 brand new hours—not to pass, but to fill.
I’ve also learned that it’s necessary to ___44___ those little, all-important things I never thought I would ___45___ before: the music of the ___46___ in my favorite pine tree, the play of sunlight on running water. I seem now to see and hear and feel with some of the___47___freshness of childhood. How well, ___48___, I recall the touch of the earth the day I first stepped upon it after the years in bed. It was like ___49___ one’s citizenship in a world one had lost.
Frequently, I ___50___ myself that I need to make a ___51___ of this moment I’m living right now, because in it I’m well, ___52___, doing what I like best. It won’t always be like this. I’ll, ___53___, make the most of it and be grateful. I ___54___ all this to that long time spent on the sidelines of life. Wiser people come to this ___55___ without having to acquire it the hard way. But I wasn’t wise enough. I’m wiser now, a little, and happier.
36.A. relieved B. shocked C. amazed D. puzzled
37.A. trial B. pressure C. sentence D. control
38.A. made up B. covered up C. cleared up D. polished up
39.A. up B. down C. out D. back
40.A. when B. after C. since D. before
41.A. suspect B. value C. inspect D. assign
42.A. admit B. demand C. expect D. realize
43.A. knowledge B.acquisition C. attention D. opportunity
44.A. dismiss B. define C. appreciate D. recognize
45.A. notice B. record C. remember D. track
46.A. shadow B. shade C. wind D. thunder
47.A. established B. recovered C. faded D. changed
48.A. by contrast B. in return C. for instance D. at will
49.A. maintaining B. swapping C. discovering D. regaining
50.A. remind B. assure C. recommend D. convince
51.A. note B. summary C. go D. point
52.A. happy B. courageous C. confident D. realistic
53.A. otherwise B. therefore C. however D. meanwhile
54.A. apply B. owe C. contribute D. adapt
55.A. relationship B. awareness C. comment D. judgment
第三部分: 阅读理解(共15 小题； 每小题2 分, 满分30 分)
请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Chocolate Museum
The story of chocolate through the ages
● Experience chocolate-making from cocoa bean to chocolate bar
● Enjoy the smell, taste and texture of freshly made chocolate
Opening hours
Tues—Fri 10 am to 6 pm
Sat & Sun+public holidays 11 am to 7 am
Closed on Mondays, Christmas Day and during Carnival week.
Entrance fees
Adults $6.00
Concessions (over 65 years old) $3.00
Groups (of 15 people or more) $5.00
More than a museum!
The Panorama Restaurant can cater for all your corporate events: business lunches, anniversaries, weddings and parties. Groups of 30—300 people are welcome.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Welcome To Auckland Museum
“Nau mai haere mai”
Auckland Museum has a constantly changing feast of fresh events and new exhibitions reflecting the culture of New Zealand. This year is no exception.
Click here to find out more >>
Latest news
Be inspired by the da Vinci Machines exhibition and design and build your own original flying machine. The best entry will win the budding inventor a helicopter ride over Auckland for a family of four.
Avoid the traffic, enjoy hassle-free parking and view the exhibits in peace and quiet on Wednesday evenings! Open till 7:30 pm.
From 28 November until 4 March there will be no public access to the Reading Room.
Click here to find out more >>
Museum opening hours
10 am—5 pm daily (except Christmas Day)
56. If 16 adults, including 3 aged 70, plan to visit the Chocolate Museum, how much should they pay at least?
A. $69. B. $78. C. $80. D. $87.
57. According to the information of Auckland Museum, we know that ______.
A. it opens from 10 am to 5 pm every day
B. it has a feast of fresh events except this year
C. the winner will fly a helicopter as a reward
D. the museum focuses on New Zealand’s culture
B
As we grow old, we realize that we have so little time to read and there are so many great books that we’ve yet to get around to. Yet re-readers are everywhere around us. For certain fans, re-reading The Lord of the Rings is a conventional practice annually. One friend told me that Jane Austen’s Emma can still surprise him, despite his having read it over 50 times.
New sudden clear understandings can be gained from the process of re-reading. Journalist Rebacca Mead, a long-time Englishwoman in New York, first came across George Eliot’s Middlemarch at 17. Since then, has read it again every five years. With each re-reading, it has opened up further; in each chapter of her life, it has resonated (引起共鸣) differently. Mead evidenced the large number of ways in which really good books not only stand the test of repeat reads, but also offer fresh gifts each time we crack their spines. These kinds of books grow with us.
Scientists have also recognized the mental health benefits of re-reading. Research conducted with readers in the US found that on our first reading, we are concerned with the “what” and the “why”. Second time round, we’re able to better appreciate the emotions that the plot continues to express. As researcher Cristel Russell of the American University explained, returning to a book “brings new or renewed appreciation of both the great book and its readers.”
It’s true that we often find former selves on the pages of old books (if we’re fond of making notes on the pages). These texts can carry us back to a lime and place, and remind us of the kind of person that we were then. We’re changed not only by lived experience but also by reading experience-by the books that we’ve discovered since last reading the one in our hand.
More than the movie director or the musician, the writer calls upon our imaginations, using words to lead us to picture this declaration of love or that unfaithfulness in life. A book is a joint project between writers and readers, and we must pour so much of ourselves into reading that our own life story can become connected with the story in the book.
Perhaps what’s really strange is that we don’t re-read more often. After all, we watch our favorite films again and we wouldn’t think of listening to an album only once. We treasure messy old paintings as objects, yet of all art forms, literature alone is a largely one-time delight. A book, of course, takes up more time, but as Mead confirms, the rewards make it adequately worthwhile.
58. The two books are mentioned in Paragraph 1 mainly to .
A. attract the attention of re-readers B. introduce the topic of the passage
C. provide some background information D. show the similarity between re-readers
59. The underlined expression “crack their spines” in Paragraph 2 refers to .
A. re-read them B. recite them C. recall them D. retell them
60. It can be learned from the passage that .
A. reading benefits people both mentally and physically.
B. readers mainly focus on feelings on their first reading.
C. writers inspire the same imaginations as film directors do.
D. we know ourselves better through re-reading experience.
C
It’s well established that people with low economic status are the hardest hit by the current obesity pandemic (肥胖症), as well as related health problems such as diabetes. Poor healthcare, stress, unhealthy lifestyles, and a lot of cheap junk food are all thought to play a role. But a new study suggests there’s a subconscious component, too.
When researchers merely led study volunteers to consider themselves low-class, they were more likely to prefer, choose, and eat larger amounts of food, as well as higher-calorie foods. The findings, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, reflect what’s been seen in a variety of animals. Thus, the authors assume that the mental problem may be an evolutionary holdover (遗留物) intended to improve survival by compensating for a lack of social and material resources. More important for humans, the findings suggest that we may not be able to deal with obesity by just improving access to healthier foods and promoting exercise.
For the study, psychology researchers at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore drafted nearly 500 healthy participants for two experiments. In the first, the team had 101 participants complete a task in which they were shown a ladder with ten steps and told to select which step they were on relative to either a wealthy, well-educated, powerful person or a poor, uneducated, unimportant person. Next, the participants got to pick foods from an imagined buffet. Taking into account things like each participant's normal eating pattern, hunger, and gender, the researchers found that those who ranked their social status lower chose more food and more high-calorie foods than those that ranked themselves as having a higher social status.
In the other experiment, researchers gave 167 participants the same socioeconomic ranking task, then asked them to match high calorie foods (pizza, hamburgers, fried chicken) and low calories foods (vegetables and fruits) with either pleasant or unpleasant descriptors, such as tasty or nasty. Again, those who landed lower on the ladder had a tendency to prefer the high-calorie food.
“These findings suggest that the thought of low social standing may be critically linked to obesity risk via increased intake of calories,” the authors conclude. As such, the subjective experience of low social standing may be another barrier to improving health.
61. What does the author want to reveal in the first paragraph?
A. More and more people tend to suffer from diabetes.
B. Unhealthy lifestyles contribute to obesity pandemic.
C. Subconscious plays a part in causing obesity pandemic.
D. low-class people are less likely to be affected by diabetes.
62. What is the possible link between low-class people and animals?
A. Consumption of larger amounts of food results from desire for survival.
B. Low-class people and animals are easily affected by mental disabilities.
C. Creatures consuming higher-calorie foods consider themselves low-class.
D. humans and animals have both consumed much food during evolution.
63. How can humans deal with obesity completely according to the findings?
A. By carrying out the two experiments.
B. By adopting comprehensive approaches.
C. By accessing large amounts of healthy foods
D. By getting involved in lots of physical exercise.
64. The passage mainly intends to inform us that ____________.
A. findings remain to be proved B. obesity pandemic represents risks
C. low social standing ruins dignity D. positive thoughts help stay in shape
D
On the school playground in Los Tomes a lone child, José plays a ballandcup game. The eight-yearold is the school's only pupil. His teacher, Nilda, herself a former pupil, says that enrolment (注册入学) has dropped from 65 when she started teaching 43 years ago. Drought has driven families away, she says, “Only the old remain.”
Los Tomes is an agricultural cooperative, one of 178 in Chile's Coquimbo region. Nineteen communities try to grow wheat and raise sheep and goats on 2,800 hectares. A decadelong drought has made that harder. Hilltop springs where the animals once drank have dried up. As the number of herds (畜群) decrease, farmers' children moved away to take jobs in cities or at copper mines.
① . Hope for Los Tomes comes in the form of three 60squaremetre nets stretched between poles on a ridge(山脊) above the community. These nets capture (捕捉) droplets (水珠) from the fog that rolls in from the sea 4 kilometers away. They flow down to two troughs (槽), from which animals drink. The nets can harvest 650 litres of water a day.
② . Chile has been investigating fog capture since the 1950s. The fog can be harvested with the help of a coastal mountain range and strong winds. Earlier attempts to turn the mist into usable water failed. In 1990 fog nets at a fishing village captured 8,000 litres a day. Villagers argued about how to share responsibility for maintaining the nets.
Climate change, which is expected to decrease rainfall in the region, has inspired a new search for sources of water. The project at Los Tomes is part of an attempt to capture fog. “The question is not whether the fog collectors work but who's going to provide and maintain them,” says Daniela.
At a community north of Los Tomes, three 150squaremetre fog catchers feed a plantation of young olive trees. When the trees mature, they will produce 750 litres of organic olive oil a year. The water source will be a big selling point. A privately owned brewery (啤酒厂) in Pena Blanca was quick to spot fog water's marketing appeal.
③ . The development fund paid 5.6 million pesos each piece to put up the structures in Los Tomes; when the nets wear out, the villagers will have to replace them at a cost of 100,000 pesos each. Coquimbo has more than 40,000 hectares of land with the right conditions for putting up fogcatchers. If it were fully employed, the region could harvest 1,400 litres a second, enough to supply all its drinking water.
④ . That might attract back educated young people from the cities. A chance to develop tourism near the Fray Jorge national park, a rainforest which has survived thanks to its own natural fogcollection mechanism, brought Salvador to his birthplace. “Roots, the land and the desire to start this brought me back, says Salvador.
65. The boy in the first paragraph is used as an example to show .
A. the poverty of the area B. the seriousness of drought
C. the trend of the move D. the lack of teachers
66. The ideal place for nets should be .
A. in the rough sea B. over the sea C. on a coastal ridge D. at the foot of the ridge
67. The concern of the fishing village's people is .
A. whether the fogcatcher works
B. whether the fogcatcher can provide enough water
C. how to make use of the water
D. how to make the fogcatcher run well continuously
68. The sentence “It makes a profit, but most fogharvesting projects require investment in their early stages.” should be put in .
A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④
69. According to the passage, which of the following statement is right？
A. The products made with fog water will probably appeal to the consumers.
B. Daniela suggests that olive trees should be planted in the plantation.
C. Water collected from fog can be sold as beer on the market.
D. Part of temperate rainforest's survival is due to the use of manmade fog nets.
70. Salvador returning to his birthplace mainly wants to .
A. protect the remaining forest B. build more fogcatchers
C. develop local tourism D. sell handicrafts on the road stands
第四部分:任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
Are we too quick to blame and slow to praise? It seems that while most of us are only too
ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow unwilling to give others the
warm sunshine of praise.
It’s strange how mean we are about praising. Perhaps it’s because few of us know how to
accept praise gracefully. Instead, we are embarrassed and ignore the words we are really so glad
to hear. Because of this defensive reaction, direct praise is surprisingly difficult to give.
Do you ever go into a house and say,“ What a tidy room!” Hardly anybody does. That’s
why housework is considered such a boring job. Shakespeare said,“ Our praises are our wages.”
Since so often praise is the only wage a housewife receives, surely she is worthy of praise.
Mothers know naturally that for children an ounce of praise is worth a pound of scolding.
Still, we are unaware of children’s small achievements and we seldom apply the rule. One day I
was criticizing my children for quarrelling. “Can you never play peacefully?” I shouted.
Susanna looked at me confused. “Of course I can,” she said. “But you don’t notice us when we
do.”
Teachers agree about the value of praise. “I believe that a student knows when he has
handed in something above his usual standard,” writes a teacher, “and that he is hungry for a
belief comment in the margin to show him that the teacher is aware of it, too.”
Behavioral scientists have done countless experiments to prove that people have a tendency
to repeat an act which has been immediately followed by a pleasant result. In one such
experiment, a number of schoolchildren were divided into three groups and given arithmetic
tests daily for five days. One group was constantly praised for its previous performance; another
group was criticized; the third was ignored. Not surprisingly, those who were praised improved
dramatically. Those who were criticized improved, too, but not so much. And the scores of the
children who were ignored hardly improved at all. Interestingly, the brightest children were helped
just as much by criticism as by praise, but the less able children, who reacted badly to criticism, needed praise the most.
To give praise costs the giver nothing but a moment’s thought and a moment’s
effort—perhaps a quick phone call to pass on good comments, or write an appreciative letter. It
is such a small investment—and yet consider the results it may produce. We will not only bring
joy into other people’s lives, but also, very often, added happiness into our room.” I can live for
two months on a good compliment.” said Mark Twain.
Theme
_____71_____ with criticism, praise should be valued and appreciated more.
Reasons for unwillingness to give praise
We feel embarrassed and ignore the words pleasant to our ears____72___ than accept them gracefully.
We have ____73____ giving direct praise because of our so-called defensive reaction.
Importance of praise in some cases
A housewife ___74____ to be praised for her sacrifices and devotion .
A mother is supposed to be aware of their children’s small achievements and ___75___ the rule of giving praise.
A student waits ____76____ for a good comment from his teacher when he hands in his homework above his usual standard.
Findings of experiments on profits of praise
Everybody___77____ to repeat an act if praised more often. Those who receive constant praise have made dramatic improvement.
Unlike brilliant children, less able children ___78___ badly to criticism desperately need praise.
________79_______
It pays to make a moment’s ___80_____ to pass on praise, for it brings added joy and happiness to our lives as well as others’.
Title : Profits of Praise
第五部分 书面表达（满分 25 分）
阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。
In campus violence cases in Beijing during the last five years, 14 percent of the offenders
not only beat others, but also insulted(侮辱）them. They slapped(打耳光）others, made them
kneel down, and in some cases took off other people’s clothes.
Violence at schools has been widely reported in media in recent years 一 the violence
among teenagers has drawn public and government attention. On Nov 11, the Ministry of
Education, along with eight other central sectors, published a guideline on dealing with school
violence.
The guideline stressed that students with serious behavioral problems should be handed over to special schools. Or, in more serious cases, they may take criminal responsibility and be
sent to prison.
“The common tolerant attitude toward violence should be changed,” wrote Jiaxing Daily.
“When teenagers do something wrong, we should tolerate and help them when necessary. But
all of this has a limit."
[写作内容]
1.以约 30 个词概括上文的内容要点：
2.然后以约 120 个词写作以下相关内容：
(1)校园暴力存在且越来越严重的原因（至少两点）；
(2)你认为如何应对校园暴力（至少两点）；
[写作要求]
1.不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;
参考答案：
第一部分听力:
1-5： BCCBA 6-10：BABCC 11-15：ABAAC 16-20：BCBCA
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节：单项填空 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
21-35 ABDBA CAAAA AA DDA
第二节: 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分, 满分20分)
36-55 BCCDD BDDCA CBCDA AABBB
第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
56-70 BD B A D CABD BCDCAC
第四部分 任务型阅读 （共10 小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
71. Compared 72. rather 73. difficulty/trouble /problems 74. deserves 75. apply 76. hungrily / eagerly / desperately 77. tends 78. reacting/responding 79.Conclusion/Summary 80. Effort
第五部分 书面表达（满分25分）
One possible version:
As is shown in the short passage above, campus violence among teenagers has become an increasingly serious problem, but fortunately, the government has realized it and decided to take
measures to deal with it.
There are several factors accounting for the situation worrying us, among which people’s tolerant attitude can’t be neglected. When campus violence happens, the absence of severe punishments usually makes matters worse, leading to those bad guys being more offensive and aggressive. In addition, when faced with such violence, teen victims are too afraid to report it to parents or the school, let alone call the police.
In a bid to wrestle with the serious problem, joint forces must be involved. Schools should impose severe punishments upon those offenders, even including removing them from school. Under extreme circumstances, sentencing them to prison is a necessity. As for the individuals of victims, they should be encouraged and guided to face the violence bravely and learn to protect themselves.
附：听力原文
Text 1
W: James, you've been watching TV for the whole evening. What's on?
M: It's a science program on the origin of the universe. I'll give a presentation on it in my class tomorrow.
Text 2
M: Hello, do you have "The Best of Mozart"?
W: Um, sorry, we've just sold out. But we can order one for you. If you give us your number, we'll call you when the CD arrives.
Text 3
W: W'd better be going now, or we'll be late for the train.
M: No rush. It's 8:30 now. We still have two hours.
Text 4
M: I am so tired of driving all those hours to work.
W: Yeah. I know what you mean. I used to drive two hours to work each way. But now, I live within walking distance of my office. I don't even need a bike.
Text 5
W: Hi, Andy. I didn't see you in Professor Smith's class yesterday. What happened?
M: Well, I had a headache. So, I called him and asked for sick leave.
Text 6
W: The biggest mistake I made, uh...was leaving college in my last year and not completing my education. So, I', thinking of going back to school.
M: School? To study what?
W: Ecology. I'm interested in the relationship between humans and nature.
M: Cool. Is it what you studied years ago?
M: No, I majored in chemistry then.
Text 7
M: Good morning, madam. I am your guide for this trip.
W: How lovely! Could you tell me about the hotel I'm going to stay at?
M: Yes, of course. The Grand Hotel opened in 1990. And it sits on the seaside along the South Coast Highway. It is the most beautiful hotel here.
W: That sounds great.
M: And there are some restaurants outside. So, at dinnertime, you'd have a lot fo choices.
W: That's really nice. I like to have some local foods while traveling. What about the scenery around it?
M: The hotel has the best views of the Pacific Ocean.
W: Oh, I think I will love this hotel.
Text 8
W: Hi, Mike.
M: Hi, Alice. Nice to see you. You don't often come here.
W: I usually have fast food delivered to my office. Just came here for a change today.
M: The environment here is good -- clean and relatively quiet.
W: yeah, and I heard the food is tasty. By the way, are you going to the concert tomorrow evening?
M: Yes, are you?
W: Yeah.Catherine was supposed to go with me. But she may have to work extra hours tomorrow. Do you know anyone who might like to go?
M: No. But if you like, I can ask around. Uh, Joan might want to go.
W: Oh, yes.She's a great fan of classical music. I'll give her a ring after lunch.
Text 9
W: Hi, I've only just arrived.
M: Oh, good. Now,here are the keys. Let's go in. There are two apartments. The one for rent is on the right. Do come in.
W: Thank you. I like the carpet. The color is nice, isn't it?
M: Yes, and this apartment is in good condition. Here is your lounge.
W: Where would we eat?
M: There is this corner here, or you can use your kitchen. Come and see.
W: The kitchen is quite small.
M: Yes, but it has everything -- cooker, fridge,even a dishwasher.
W: And there are lots of cupboards.
M: Let me show you the bedrooms. This is the smaller one.
W: It's a good size, though.
M: Now come into the other bedroom. You can see the bathroom, too.
W: Yes.It is very nice, but I will have to ask my friend first. And we will come together. I understand it is $800 a month.
M: Yes, but a few blocks downtown would be much more expensive.
W: Well, thank you. I will be in touch.
Text 10
Thank you very much. Thank you, Dr. Johnson. Well, it is really great to be back at university again. The thing that I wanted to tell you today is this: Education is important. When I came to the US, I was only thinking about being a carpenter, but I could not read the newspaper. And I could not understand the news on television or movies or anything like this. So, I entered the city college to take English classes for foreign students. I was very proud that I was going to a college because no one in my family ever went to any college or to any university. You know, when you’re 15 years old in my country, you finish school and then you learn a trade. And that’s exactly what I did. When I was 15 years old, I learned how to be a carpenter. A year later, I came to America. Luckily, I met a very good teacher who encouraged me to take some math classes, business classes, and history classes, and I became a full-time college student. And today, when I look back, I’m so happy because you never know where life will take you. All of a sudden, I started making money because I was really good at math. You know, how work out everything with math is so important. This is something that I learned when I started my own business, which is doing really well.
部分解析
完型填空：
36．根据上文中的"Ten years ago, a doctor told me something was wrong with my lung and I had to give up work at once and went to bed"可知,当被告知自己的肺部出了问题且不得不立即放弃工作卧床休息时作者感到非常震惊(shocked)。
37．作者突然觉得自己好像是被判了死缓一样。根据语境尤其是下文的"with an indefinite reprieve(缓刑)"可知,此处应选sentence"宣判,判刑"。under sentence of death"被判处死刑"。
38．仔细思考之后,作者把手头的事务处理掉,然后回家了。根据上文中的"I had to give up work at once and went to bed"可知,clear up"解决,清理"符合语境。
39．两年后,作者离开了病床,开始(began)了漫长的重回之前的生活状态的"攀登"。
40．过了一年,作者就做到了。It was/is+一段时间+before...是固定句型,意为"过了……才/就……"。
41．作者谈及这段经历是因为那些过去的岁月教会了作者应该珍惜什么,相信什么。
42．现在作者意识到这个世界不是等待他去打开的牡蛎,而是需要他去抓住的机会,
43．参见上题解析, grasp the opportunity"抓住机会",是固定搭配。
44．作者也学会了欣赏(appreciate)那些不起眼的但却很重要的东西,而作者之前从未想过自己会去注意这些东西。
45．参见上题解析。notice"注意到";record"记录";remember"记得";track"跟踪"。
46．根据上文中的"the music of the wind in my favorite pine tree"和下文中的"I seem now ... to hear and see"可知,此处指的应是作者以前不会注意到的东西。play"轻快变幻的动作,闪烁",the play of sunlight on water"阳光在水面上的闪烁"。
47．作者重新找回了童年时期看待事物的新鲜感。recovered "重新获得的,重新找到的",符合语境。
48．比如,回想起自己卧床两年后重新踏上这片土地的感觉有多好。for instance"比如,例如",符合语境。in contrast"相反";in return"作为回报";at will"随心所欲地"。
49．这就像在一个差点失去的世界中重新获得公民身份一样。regain"重新得到"和下文的"lost"相对应。maintain "维持"。
50．作者经常提醒自己要记下这个自己现在生活的时刻,因为活在此刻,作者是健康且快乐的,而且能做自己最喜欢做的事情。
51．参见上题解析。
52．pleased"快乐的,高兴的";courageous"勇敢的";confident"自信的";realistic"现实的"。下文中的"I’m wiser now, a little, and happier"亦是提示。
53．它不会总是如这般存在,因此作者会充分利用它并心存感激。上下文之间是因果关系,故用therefore。meanwhile"与此同时";otherwise"否则";however"然而"。
54．作者将这一切都归功于他卧病在床的那段漫长时光。owe... to..."把……归功于……",是固定用法。
55．更有智慧的人无需被困到如此境地也能明白这些道理。awareness "意识,明白"符合语境。
A
1. B.推断题。
根据第一小篇倒数第二部分 Entrance fees 中的信息可知，成年人每人6美元，大于65岁的人优惠价每人3美元，大于等于15人以上的团队每人5美元。结合题意，可知为16人团队，且有3名大于65岁的人，则可以采取15人买团票，1人买老人票的方案，需要花费15 * 5 + 3 = 78美元，此方案花费最少。故正确答案为B。
2.D. 推断题。
根据第二小篇的第一段第一句中 new exhibitions reflecting the culture of New Zealand 可知，该博物馆是有关于新西兰文化的。故D项正确。
A项，“它每天都在上午10点到下午5点开放”。根据第二小篇最后一段中 except Christmas Day 可知，该博物馆不是每天都开放的。故A项错误。
B项，“除了今年以外，它每年都会有一场新鲜事物的盛宴”。根据第二小篇第一段最后一句 This year is no exception 可知，今年也不会例外。故B项错误。
C项，“获胜者将乘坐直升机作为奖励”。根据第二小篇 Latest news 部分第一段第二句中 win the budding inventor a helicopter ride over Auckland for a family of four 可知，获胜者将获得一次四人家庭乘坐直升机飞越奥克兰的旅行，而不只是乘坐直升机。故C项错误。故正确答案为D。
B
58. B.根据第一段，作者提到两本被人们重新阅读的书，是为了引入文本的话题（“introduce the topic of the passage”）——重新阅读。
59. A.根据第二段，米德证明：在很多方面，好书不仅禁得住反复阅读的考验，还在我们每次重复阅读的时候提供了崭新的礼物（“Mead evidenced the large number of ways in which really good books not only stand the test of repeat reads, but also offer fresh gifts each time we crack their spines.”）。“crack the spine”表示重新读书（“re-read them”）。
60. D.根据第三段，正如美国大学研究者克里斯托尔▪拉塞尔所说，重读一本书“带给这本伟大的书新的、再次的欣赏，也带给读者对自己新的或重新的认识”（“As researcher Cristel Russell of the American University explained, returning to a book‘brings new or renewed appreciation of both the great book and its readers.’”）。人们通过重新阅读的体验，可以更好地了解自己（“we know ourselves better through re-reading experience”）。
C
61．C．细节理解题．根据It's well established that people with low economic status are the hardest hit by the current obesity pandemic （肥胖症），as well as related health problems such as diabetes．Poor healthcare，stress，unhealthy lifestyles，and a lot of cheap junk food are all thought to play a role．But a new study suggests there's a subconscious （潜意识）component，too．可知，经济状况较差的人群受到目前的肥胖症以及相关的健康问题如糖尿病的严重打击，保健，压力，不健康的生活方式和大量便宜的垃圾食品都是认为发挥作用．但是一项新的研究表明也有潜意识的原因．故第一段告诉我们潜意识在导致肥胖症．所以C选项是正确的．
62．A．细节理解题．根据they were more likely to prefer，choose，and eat larger amounts of food，as well as higher-calorie foods可知，经济状况差的人和动物消耗大量的食物的结果是源于生存的渴望．所以A选项是正确的．
63．B．推理判断题．根据"These findings suggest that the thought of low social standing may be critically linked to obesity risk via increased intake of calories，"the authors conclude．As such，the subjective experience of low social standing may be another barrier to improving health．
64．D．主旨大意题．阅读第一段。
D
本文是一篇说明文。气候变化预计将减少该地区的降雨，激发了一个新的寻找水源途径。Los Tomes的新项目是捕捉雾的一部分。用雾水制作的产品可能会吸引消费者。回到出生地的萨尔瓦多主要是想发展当地的旅游业。
65.推理判断题。根据第一段中The eightyearold is the school's only pupil. His teacher， Nilda， herself a former pupil， says that enrolment(注册入学) has dropped from 65 when she started teaching 43 years ago. Drought has driven families away， she says， “Only the old remain.”可知，第一段中的男孩被用作例子来说明干旱的严重性。故选B。
66.细节理解题。根据局第三段中Hope for Los Tomes comes in the form of three 60squaremetre nets stretched between poles on a ridge(山脊) above the community. These nets capture(捕捉)droplets(水珠) from the fog that rolls in from the sea 4 kilometers away.可知，放置渔网的理想地点应该是在沿海的山脊上。故选C。
67.推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句Villagers argued about how to share responsibility for maintaining the nets.可知，渔村人民关心的是如何使捕手能持续不断地良好运行。故选D。
68.句意理解题。根据第七段中The development fund paid 5.6 million pesos each piece to put up the structures in Los Tomes； when the nets wear out， the villagers will have to replace them at a cost of 100，000 pesos each. 在Los Tomes，搭建每一块结构发展基金支付560万比索；网磨损时，村民们将不得不更换，成本为100000比索。由此可知，It makes a profit， but most fogharvesting projects require investment in their early stages.（它赚取利润，但在早期阶段大多数收获项目需要投资）放在③合适，故选C。
69.推理判断题。根据第六段中The water source will be a big selling point. A privately owned brewery(啤酒厂)in Pena Blanca was quick to spot fog water's marketing appeal.可知，用雾水制作的产品可能会吸引消费者。故选A。
70.推理判断题。根据最后一段中A chance to develop tourism near the Fray Jorge national park， a rainforest which has survived thanks to its own natural fogcollection mechanism， brought Salvador to his birthplace. “Roots， the land and the desire to start this brought me back， says Salvador.可知，回到出生地的萨尔瓦多主要是想发展当地的旅游业。故选C。
【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第5小题，根据第六段中The water source will be a big selling point. A privately owned brewery(啤酒厂)in Pena Blanca was quick to spot fog water's marketing appeal.可知，用雾水制作的产品可能会吸引消费者。故选A。
文章介绍表扬的重要性，通过实验表明表扬的好处，希望人们不要吝啬自己的表扬，少批评，多表扬。
任务型阅读：
71.词组搭配：从第一段的句子：It seems that while most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow unwilling to give others the warm sunshine of praise.可知填 criticism
72.词义归纳题：从第二段的句子： Instead , we are embarrassed and ignore the words we are really so glad to hear.可知Instead“相反的”可以改成 rather than
73.词性转化题：从第二段的句子：Because of this defensive reaction, direct praise is surprisingly difficult to give.可知把difficult改成difficulty/trouble /problems
74.词义转化题：从第三段的句子：Since so often praise is the only wage a housewife receives, surely she is worthy of praise.可知be worthy of =deserve，填deserves
75.原词重现：从第四段的句子：Still, we are unaware of children’s small achievements and we seldom apply the rule 可知填apply
76.词性转化题：根据第五段的句子：and that he is hungry for a belief comment in the margin to show him that the teacher is aware of it, too.”可知把hungry改成 hungrily / eagerly / desperately
77.词性转化题：根据第六段的句子：Behavioral scientists have done countless experiments to prove that people have a tendency to repeat an act可知把tendency改成 tends
78.词性转化题：根据第六段的句子：but the less able children, who reacted badly to criticism, needed praise the most.可知把reacted改成 reacting/responding
79.归纳题：右边的内容是对全篇文章的总结，填Conclusion/Summary
80.原词重现，从最后一段的句子：To give praise costs the giver nothing but a moment’s thought and a moment’s effort 可知填effort
英语试题
2019.10.27
本试卷分为第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。共120分，考试时间120分钟。
第一卷（三部分，共85分）
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分20分)
第一节 (共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will James do tomorrow ?
A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report.
2. What can we say about the woman?
A. She's generous. B. She's curious. C. She's helpful.
3. When does the train leave?
A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30.
4. How does the go to work?
A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman regret?
A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major.
7. What is the woman interested in studying now?
A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the man?
A. A hotel manager. B. A tour guide. C. A taxi driver.
9. what is the man doing for the woman?
A. Looking for some local foods.
B. Showing her around the seaside.
C. Offering information about a hotel.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In an office. B. At home C. At a restaurant.
11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?
A. Go to a concert. B. Visit a friend C. work extra hours.
12. Who is Alice going to call?
A. Mike. B. Joan C. Catherine.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the woman meet the man?
A. To look at an apartment. B. To deliver some furniture. C. To have a meal together.
14. What does the woman like about the carpet?
A. Its color. B. Its design. C. Its quality.
15. What does the man say about the kitchen?
A. It's a good size. B. It's newly painted. C. It's adequately equipped.
16. What will the woman probably do next?
A. Go downtown. B. Talk with her friend. C. Make payment.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who is the speaker probably talking to?
A. Movie fans. B. News reporters. C. College students.
18. When did the speaker take English classes?
A. Before he left his hometown.
B. After he came to America.
C. When he was 15 years old.
19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher?
A. He's proud. B. He's sympathetic. C. He's grateful .
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about ?
A. How education shaped his life.
B. How his language skills improved.
C. How he managed his business well.
第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)
第一节:单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21.I’d like to thank you for the great_____of being addressing this assembly, sharing my opinion of living a low-carbon life.
A. privilege B. prescription C. property D. presentation
22.Many young women, unaware that they are at risk, live in _____UNAIDS calls “challenging
environments”, with insufficient access to food and education.
A. where B. what C. why D. how
23.Raising the incomes of the poor is likely to be ineffective in a wealthy society, ______ accompanied by other measures.
A. once B. when C. if D. unless
24.Sarah, who has just been promoted to sales manager of the international company, is responsible for the ______running of its sales department.
A. considerate B.smooth C.offensive D.thorough
25.If we don’t take any measures at once, all the crops _______ by tomorrow morning.
A. will have been flooded B. have been flooded C. are to flood D. will have flooded
26.Her rich experience gave her an advantage over other __________ for the job.
A. accountants B. acquaintances C.applicants D. agent
27.Located in the center of Melbourne, Australia, are two tall towers designed by building architect Phil Rowe, both of _______shaped like massive tree houses rather than skyscrapers.
A. them B. who C. which D. whom
28.In order to attract American students to the _______ Chinese arts, Zhao and her team have turned to master musicians, magicians and martial artists.
A. authentic B. confidential C. tentative D. artificial
29.We have already discussed this plan _____, so next we should spare no effort to carry it out.
A. at length B. at random C. at ease D. at best
30. He is quite sure that it’s _________ impossible for him to fulfill the task within two days.
A. absolutely B. accurately C. actively D. acutely
31. --- I’d like to buy a sweater, but I’m not sure about the color.
--- How about the blue one? The light yellow one _______easily.
A.stains B. has stained C. is stained D. has been stained
32. The schoolmaster _____ the girl’s bravery in his opening speech.
A. applauded B. appeared C. apologized D. clapped
33.I don’t believe what you said, but if you can prove it, you may be able to ___ me.
A.decline B. inform C. guarantee D. convince
34. The two countries are going to meet to _______some barriers to trade between them.
A. make up B. use up C. turn down D. break down
35. —Would you please wait for a moment while I telephone the reception desk to check?
—________．
A. I wouldn't mind that B. Sound like fun C. I mean it D. You wish
第二节:完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Just ten years ago, I sat across the desk from a doctor with a stethoscope. “Yes,” he said, “there is a lesion(病变) in the left, upper lobe (肺叶)…” I listened,___36___, as he continued, “You’ll have to give up work at once and go to bed. Later on, we’ll see.” He gave no assurances. Feeling like a man who in mid-career has suddenly been placed under ___37___ of death with an indefinite reprieve(缓刑), I left the doctor’s office . After careful thought, I ___38___ my affairs; then I went home and got into bed and set my watch to tick off not the minutes, but the months. But 2 years and many dashed hope later, I left my bed and began the long climb ___39___. It was another year ___40___ I made it.
I speak of this experience because these years that passes so slowly have taught me what to ___41___ and what to believe. I ___42___ now that this world is not my oyster(牡蛎)to be opened but my ___43___ to be grasped. Each day is a precious entity. The sun comes up and presents me with 24 brand new hours—not to pass, but to fill.
I’ve also learned that it’s necessary to ___44___ those little, all-important things I never thought I would ___45___ before: the music of the ___46___ in my favorite pine tree, the play of sunlight on running water. I seem now to see and hear and feel with some of the___47___freshness of childhood. How well, ___48___, I recall the touch of the earth the day I first stepped upon it after the years in bed. It was like ___49___ one’s citizenship in a world one had lost.
Frequently, I ___50___ myself that I need to make a ___51___ of this moment I’m living right now, because in it I’m well, ___52___, doing what I like best. It won’t always be like this. I’ll, ___53___, make the most of it and be grateful. I ___54___ all this to that long time spent on the sidelines of life. Wiser people come to this ___55___ without having to acquire it the hard way. But I wasn’t wise enough. I’m wiser now, a little, and happier.
36.A. relieved B. shocked C. amazed D. puzzled
37.A. trial B. pressure C. sentence D. control
38.A. made up B. covered up C. cleared up D. polished up
39.A. up B. down C. out D. back
40.A. when B. after C. since D. before
41.A. suspect B. value C. inspect D. assign
42.A. admit B. demand C. expect D. realize
43.A. knowledge B.acquisition C. attention D. opportunity
44.A. dismiss B. define C. appreciate D. recognize
45.A. notice B. record C. remember D. track
46.A. shadow B. shade C. wind D. thunder
47.A. established B. recovered C. faded D. changed
48.A. by contrast B. in return C. for instance D. at will
49.A. maintaining B. swapping C. discovering D. regaining
50.A. remind B. assure C. recommend D. convince
51.A. note B. summary C. go D. point
52.A. happy B. courageous C. confident D. realistic
53.A. otherwise B. therefore C. however D. meanwhile
54.A. apply B. owe C. contribute D. adapt
55.A. relationship B. awareness C. comment D. judgment
第三部分: 阅读理解(共15 小题； 每小题2 分, 满分30 分)
请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Chocolate Museum
The story of chocolate through the ages
● Experience chocolate-making from cocoa bean to chocolate bar
● Enjoy the smell, taste and texture of freshly made chocolate
Opening hours
Tues—Fri 10 am to 6 pm
Sat & Sun+public holidays 11 am to 7 am
Closed on Mondays, Christmas Day and during Carnival week.
Entrance fees
Adults $6.00
Concessions (over 65 years old) $3.00
Groups (of 15 people or more) $5.00
More than a museum!
The Panorama Restaurant can cater for all your corporate events: business lunches, anniversaries, weddings and parties. Groups of 30—300 people are welcome.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Welcome To Auckland Museum
“Nau mai haere mai”
Auckland Museum has a constantly changing feast of fresh events and new exhibitions reflecting the culture of New Zealand. This year is no exception.
Click here to find out more >>
Latest news
Be inspired by the da Vinci Machines exhibition and design and build your own original flying machine. The best entry will win the budding inventor a helicopter ride over Auckland for a family of four.
Avoid the traffic, enjoy hassle-free parking and view the exhibits in peace and quiet on Wednesday evenings! Open till 7:30 pm.
From 28 November until 4 March there will be no public access to the Reading Room.
Click here to find out more >>
Museum opening hours
10 am—5 pm daily (except Christmas Day)
56. If 16 adults, including 3 aged 70, plan to visit the Chocolate Museum, how much should they pay at least?
A. $69. B. $78. C. $80. D. $87.
57. According to the information of Auckland Museum, we know that ______.
A. it opens from 10 am to 5 pm every day
B. it has a feast of fresh events except this year
C. the winner will fly a helicopter as a reward
D. the museum focuses on New Zealand’s culture
B
As we grow old, we realize that we have so little time to read and there are so many great books that we’ve yet to get around to. Yet re-readers are everywhere around us. For certain fans, re-reading The Lord of the Rings is a conventional practice annually. One friend told me that Jane Austen’s Emma can still surprise him, despite his having read it over 50 times.
New sudden clear understandings can be gained from the process of re-reading. Journalist Rebacca Mead, a long-time Englishwoman in New York, first came across George Eliot’s Middlemarch at 17. Since then, has read it again every five years. With each re-reading, it has opened up further; in each chapter of her life, it has resonated (引起共鸣) differently. Mead evidenced the large number of ways in which really good books not only stand the test of repeat reads, but also offer fresh gifts each time we crack their spines. These kinds of books grow with us.
Scientists have also recognized the mental health benefits of re-reading. Research conducted with readers in the US found that on our first reading, we are concerned with the “what” and the “why”. Second time round, we’re able to better appreciate the emotions that the plot continues to express. As researcher Cristel Russell of the American University explained, returning to a book “brings new or renewed appreciation of both the great book and its readers.”
It’s true that we often find former selves on the pages of old books (if we’re fond of making notes on the pages). These texts can carry us back to a lime and place, and remind us of the kind of person that we were then. We’re changed not only by lived experience but also by reading experience-by the books that we’ve discovered since last reading the one in our hand.
More than the movie director or the musician, the writer calls upon our imaginations, using words to lead us to picture this declaration of love or that unfaithfulness in life. A book is a joint project between writers and readers, and we must pour so much of ourselves into reading that our own life story can become connected with the story in the book.
Perhaps what’s really strange is that we don’t re-read more often. After all, we watch our favorite films again and we wouldn’t think of listening to an album only once. We treasure messy old paintings as objects, yet of all art forms, literature alone is a largely one-time delight. A book, of course, takes up more time, but as Mead confirms, the rewards make it adequately worthwhile.
58. The two books are mentioned in Paragraph 1 mainly to .
A. attract the attention of re-readers B. introduce the topic of the passage
C. provide some background information D. show the similarity between re-readers
59. The underlined expression “crack their spines” in Paragraph 2 refers to .
A. re-read them B. recite them C. recall them D. retell them
60. It can be learned from the passage that .
A. reading benefits people both mentally and physically.
B. readers mainly focus on feelings on their first reading.
C. writers inspire the same imaginations as film directors do.
D. we know ourselves better through re-reading experience.
C
It’s well established that people with low economic status are the hardest hit by the current obesity pandemic (肥胖症), as well as related health problems such as diabetes. Poor healthcare, stress, unhealthy lifestyles, and a lot of cheap junk food are all thought to play a role. But a new study suggests there’s a subconscious component, too.
When researchers merely led study volunteers to consider themselves low-class, they were more likely to prefer, choose, and eat larger amounts of food, as well as higher-calorie foods. The findings, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, reflect what’s been seen in a variety of animals. Thus, the authors assume that the mental problem may be an evolutionary holdover (遗留物) intended to improve survival by compensating for a lack of social and material resources. More important for humans, the findings suggest that we may not be able to deal with obesity by just improving access to healthier foods and promoting exercise.
For the study, psychology researchers at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore drafted nearly 500 healthy participants for two experiments. In the first, the team had 101 participants complete a task in which they were shown a ladder with ten steps and told to select which step they were on relative to either a wealthy, well-educated, powerful person or a poor, uneducated, unimportant person. Next, the participants got to pick foods from an imagined buffet. Taking into account things like each participant's normal eating pattern, hunger, and gender, the researchers found that those who ranked their social status lower chose more food and more high-calorie foods than those that ranked themselves as having a higher social status.
In the other experiment, researchers gave 167 participants the same socioeconomic ranking task, then asked them to match high calorie foods (pizza, hamburgers, fried chicken) and low calories foods (vegetables and fruits) with either pleasant or unpleasant descriptors, such as tasty or nasty. Again, those who landed lower on the ladder had a tendency to prefer the high-calorie food.
“These findings suggest that the thought of low social standing may be critically linked to obesity risk via increased intake of calories,” the authors conclude. As such, the subjective experience of low social standing may be another barrier to improving health.
61. What does the author want to reveal in the first paragraph?
A. More and more people tend to suffer from diabetes.
B. Unhealthy lifestyles contribute to obesity pandemic.
C. Subconscious plays a part in causing obesity pandemic.
D. low-class people are less likely to be affected by diabetes.
62. What is the possible link between low-class people and animals?
A. Consumption of larger amounts of food results from desire for survival.
B. Low-class people and animals are easily affected by mental disabilities.
C. Creatures consuming higher-calorie foods consider themselves low-class.
D. humans and animals have both consumed much food during evolution.
63. How can humans deal with obesity completely according to the findings?
A. By carrying out the two experiments.
B. By adopting comprehensive approaches.
C. By accessing large amounts of healthy foods
D. By getting involved in lots of physical exercise.
64. The passage mainly intends to inform us that ____________.
A. findings remain to be proved B. obesity pandemic represents risks
C. low social standing ruins dignity D. positive thoughts help stay in shape
D
On the school playground in Los Tomes a lone child, José plays a ballandcup game. The eight-yearold is the school's only pupil. His teacher, Nilda, herself a former pupil, says that enrolment (注册入学) has dropped from 65 when she started teaching 43 years ago. Drought has driven families away, she says, “Only the old remain.”
Los Tomes is an agricultural cooperative, one of 178 in Chile's Coquimbo region. Nineteen communities try to grow wheat and raise sheep and goats on 2,800 hectares. A decadelong drought has made that harder. Hilltop springs where the animals once drank have dried up. As the number of herds (畜群) decrease, farmers' children moved away to take jobs in cities or at copper mines.
① . Hope for Los Tomes comes in the form of three 60squaremetre nets stretched between poles on a ridge(山脊) above the community. These nets capture (捕捉) droplets (水珠) from the fog that rolls in from the sea 4 kilometers away. They flow down to two troughs (槽), from which animals drink. The nets can harvest 650 litres of water a day.
② . Chile has been investigating fog capture since the 1950s. The fog can be harvested with the help of a coastal mountain range and strong winds. Earlier attempts to turn the mist into usable water failed. In 1990 fog nets at a fishing village captured 8,000 litres a day. Villagers argued about how to share responsibility for maintaining the nets.
Climate change, which is expected to decrease rainfall in the region, has inspired a new search for sources of water. The project at Los Tomes is part of an attempt to capture fog. “The question is not whether the fog collectors work but who's going to provide and maintain them,” says Daniela.
At a community north of Los Tomes, three 150squaremetre fog catchers feed a plantation of young olive trees. When the trees mature, they will produce 750 litres of organic olive oil a year. The water source will be a big selling point. A privately owned brewery (啤酒厂) in Pena Blanca was quick to spot fog water's marketing appeal.
③ . The development fund paid 5.6 million pesos each piece to put up the structures in Los Tomes; when the nets wear out, the villagers will have to replace them at a cost of 100,000 pesos each. Coquimbo has more than 40,000 hectares of land with the right conditions for putting up fogcatchers. If it were fully employed, the region could harvest 1,400 litres a second, enough to supply all its drinking water.
④ . That might attract back educated young people from the cities. A chance to develop tourism near the Fray Jorge national park, a rainforest which has survived thanks to its own natural fogcollection mechanism, brought Salvador to his birthplace. “Roots, the land and the desire to start this brought me back, says Salvador.
65. The boy in the first paragraph is used as an example to show .
A. the poverty of the area B. the seriousness of drought
C. the trend of the move D. the lack of teachers
66. The ideal place for nets should be .
A. in the rough sea B. over the sea C. on a coastal ridge D. at the foot of the ridge
67. The concern of the fishing village's people is .
A. whether the fogcatcher works
B. whether the fogcatcher can provide enough water
C. how to make use of the water
D. how to make the fogcatcher run well continuously
68. The sentence “It makes a profit, but most fogharvesting projects require investment in their early stages.” should be put in .
A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④
69. According to the passage, which of the following statement is right？
A. The products made with fog water will probably appeal to the consumers.
B. Daniela suggests that olive trees should be planted in the plantation.
C. Water collected from fog can be sold as beer on the market.
D. Part of temperate rainforest's survival is due to the use of manmade fog nets.
70. Salvador returning to his birthplace mainly wants to .
A. protect the remaining forest B. build more fogcatchers
C. develop local tourism D. sell handicrafts on the road stands
第四部分:任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
Are we too quick to blame and slow to praise? It seems that while most of us are only too
ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow unwilling to give others the
warm sunshine of praise.
It’s strange how mean we are about praising. Perhaps it’s because few of us know how to
accept praise gracefully. Instead, we are embarrassed and ignore the words we are really so glad
to hear. Because of this defensive reaction, direct praise is surprisingly difficult to give.
Do you ever go into a house and say,“ What a tidy room!” Hardly anybody does. That’s
why housework is considered such a boring job. Shakespeare said,“ Our praises are our wages.”
Since so often praise is the only wage a housewife receives, surely she is worthy of praise.
Mothers know naturally that for children an ounce of praise is worth a pound of scolding.
Still, we are unaware of children’s small achievements and we seldom apply the rule. One day I
was criticizing my children for quarrelling. “Can you never play peacefully?” I shouted.
Susanna looked at me confused. “Of course I can,” she said. “But you don’t notice us when we
do.”
Teachers agree about the value of praise. “I believe that a student knows when he has
handed in something above his usual standard,” writes a teacher, “and that he is hungry for a
belief comment in the margin to show him that the teacher is aware of it, too.”
Behavioral scientists have done countless experiments to prove that people have a tendency
to repeat an act which has been immediately followed by a pleasant result. In one such
experiment, a number of schoolchildren were divided into three groups and given arithmetic
tests daily for five days. One group was constantly praised for its previous performance; another
group was criticized; the third was ignored. Not surprisingly, those who were praised improved
dramatically. Those who were criticized improved, too, but not so much. And the scores of the
children who were ignored hardly improved at all. Interestingly, the brightest children were helped
just as much by criticism as by praise, but the less able children, who reacted badly to criticism, needed praise the most.
To give praise costs the giver nothing but a moment’s thought and a moment’s
effort—perhaps a quick phone call to pass on good comments, or write an appreciative letter. It
is such a small investment—and yet consider the results it may produce. We will not only bring
joy into other people’s lives, but also, very often, added happiness into our room.” I can live for
two months on a good compliment.” said Mark Twain.
Theme
_____71_____ with criticism, praise should be valued and appreciated more.
Reasons for unwillingness to give praise
We feel embarrassed and ignore the words pleasant to our ears____72___ than accept them gracefully.
We have ____73____ giving direct praise because of our so-called defensive reaction.
Importance of praise in some cases
A housewife ___74____ to be praised for her sacrifices and devotion .
A mother is supposed to be aware of their children’s small achievements and ___75___ the rule of giving praise.
A student waits ____76____ for a good comment from his teacher when he hands in his homework above his usual standard.
Findings of experiments on profits of praise
Everybody___77____ to repeat an act if praised more often. Those who receive constant praise have made dramatic improvement.
Unlike brilliant children, less able children ___78___ badly to criticism desperately need praise.
________79_______
It pays to make a moment’s ___80_____ to pass on praise, for it brings added joy and happiness to our lives as well as others’.
Title : Profits of Praise
第五部分 书面表达（满分 25 分）
阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。
In campus violence cases in Beijing during the last five years, 14 percent of the offenders
not only beat others, but also insulted(侮辱）them. They slapped(打耳光）others, made them
kneel down, and in some cases took off other people’s clothes.
Violence at schools has been widely reported in media in recent years 一 the violence
among teenagers has drawn public and government attention. On Nov 11, the Ministry of
Education, along with eight other central sectors, published a guideline on dealing with school
violence.
The guideline stressed that students with serious behavioral problems should be handed over to special schools. Or, in more serious cases, they may take criminal responsibility and be
sent to prison.
“The common tolerant attitude toward violence should be changed,” wrote Jiaxing Daily.
“When teenagers do something wrong, we should tolerate and help them when necessary. But
all of this has a limit."
[写作内容]
1.以约 30 个词概括上文的内容要点：
2.然后以约 120 个词写作以下相关内容：
(1)校园暴力存在且越来越严重的原因（至少两点）；
(2)你认为如何应对校园暴力（至少两点）；
[写作要求]
1.不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;
参考答案：
第一部分听力:
1-5： BCCBA 6-10：BABCC 11-15：ABAAC 16-20：BCBCA
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节：单项填空 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
21-35 ABDBA CAAAA AA DDA
第二节: 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分, 满分20分)
36-55 BCCDD BDDCA CBCDA AABBB
第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
56-70 BD B A D CABD BCDCAC
第四部分 任务型阅读 （共10 小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
71. Compared 72. rather 73. difficulty/trouble /problems 74. deserves 75. apply 76. hungrily / eagerly / desperately 77. tends 78. reacting/responding 79.Conclusion/Summary 80. Effort
第五部分 书面表达（满分25分）
One possible version:
As is shown in the short passage above, campus violence among teenagers has become an increasingly serious problem, but fortunately, the government has realized it and decided to take
measures to deal with it.
There are several factors accounting for the situation worrying us, among which people’s tolerant attitude can’t be neglected. When campus violence happens, the absence of severe punishments usually makes matters worse, leading to those bad guys being more offensive and aggressive. In addition, when faced with such violence, teen victims are too afraid to report it to parents or the school, let alone call the police.
In a bid to wrestle with the serious problem, joint forces must be involved. Schools should impose severe punishments upon those offenders, even including removing them from school. Under extreme circumstances, sentencing them to prison is a necessity. As for the individuals of victims, they should be encouraged and guided to face the violence bravely and learn to protect themselves.
附：听力原文
Text 1
W: James, you've been watching TV for the whole evening. What's on?
M: It's a science program on the origin of the universe. I'll give a presentation on it in my class tomorrow.
Text 2
M: Hello, do you have "The Best of Mozart"?
W: Um, sorry, we've just sold out. But we can order one for you. If you give us your number, we'll call you when the CD arrives.
Text 3
W: W'd better be going now, or we'll be late for the train.
M: No rush. It's 8:30 now. We still have two hours.
Text 4
M: I am so tired of driving all those hours to work.
W: Yeah. I know what you mean. I used to drive two hours to work each way. But now, I live within walking distance of my office. I don't even need a bike.
Text 5
W: Hi, Andy. I didn't see you in Professor Smith's class yesterday. What happened?
M: Well, I had a headache. So, I called him and asked for sick leave.
Text 6
W: The biggest mistake I made, uh...was leaving college in my last year and not completing my education. So, I', thinking of going back to school.
M: School? To study what?
W: Ecology. I'm interested in the relationship between humans and nature.
M: Cool. Is it what you studied years ago?
M: No, I majored in chemistry then.
Text 7
M: Good morning, madam. I am your guide for this trip.
W: How lovely! Could you tell me about the hotel I'm going to stay at?
M: Yes, of course. The Grand Hotel opened in 1990. And it sits on the seaside along the South Coast Highway. It is the most beautiful hotel here.
W: That sounds great.
M: And there are some restaurants outside. So, at dinnertime, you'd have a lot fo choices.
W: That's really nice. I like to have some local foods while traveling. What about the scenery around it?
M: The hotel has the best views of the Pacific Ocean.
W: Oh, I think I will love this hotel.
Text 8
W: Hi, Mike.
M: Hi, Alice. Nice to see you. You don't often come here.
W: I usually have fast food delivered to my office. Just came here for a change today.
M: The environment here is good -- clean and relatively quiet.
W: yeah, and I heard the food is tasty. By the way, are you going to the concert tomorrow evening?
M: Yes, are you?
W: Yeah.Catherine was supposed to go with me. But she may have to work extra hours tomorrow. Do you know anyone who might like to go?
M: No. But if you like, I can ask around. Uh, Joan might want to go.
W: Oh, yes.She's a great fan of classical music. I'll give her a ring after lunch.
Text 9
W: Hi, I've only just arrived.
M: Oh, good. Now,here are the keys. Let's go in. There are two apartments. The one for rent is on the right. Do come in.
W: Thank you. I like the carpet. The color is nice, isn't it?
M: Yes, and this apartment is in good condition. Here is your lounge.
W: Where would we eat?
M: There is this corner here, or you can use your kitchen. Come and see.
W: The kitchen is quite small.
M: Yes, but it has everything -- cooker, fridge,even a dishwasher.
W: And there are lots of cupboards.
M: Let me show you the bedrooms. This is the smaller one.
W: It's a good size, though.
M: Now come into the other bedroom. You can see the bathroom, too.
W: Yes.It is very nice, but I will have to ask my friend first. And we will come together. I understand it is $800 a month.
M: Yes, but a few blocks downtown would be much more expensive.
W: Well, thank you. I will be in touch.
Text 10
Thank you very much. Thank you, Dr. Johnson. Well, it is really great to be back at university again. The thing that I wanted to tell you today is this: Education is important. When I came to the US, I was only thinking about being a carpenter, but I could not read the newspaper. And I could not understand the news on television or movies or anything like this. So, I entered the city college to take English classes for foreign students. I was very proud that I was going to a college because no one in my family ever went to any college or to any university. You know, when you’re 15 years old in my country, you finish school and then you learn a trade. And that’s exactly what I did. When I was 15 years old, I learned how to be a carpenter. A year later, I came to America. Luckily, I met a very good teacher who encouraged me to take some math classes, business classes, and history classes, and I became a full-time college student. And today, when I look back, I’m so happy because you never know where life will take you. All of a sudden, I started making money because I was really good at math. You know, how work out everything with math is so important. This is something that I learned when I started my own business, which is doing really well.
部分解析
完型填空：
36．根据上文中的"Ten years ago, a doctor told me something was wrong with my lung and I had to give up work at once and went to bed"可知,当被告知自己的肺部出了问题且不得不立即放弃工作卧床休息时作者感到非常震惊(shocked)。
37．作者突然觉得自己好像是被判了死缓一样。根据语境尤其是下文的"with an indefinite reprieve(缓刑)"可知,此处应选sentence"宣判,判刑"。under sentence of death"被判处死刑"。
38．仔细思考之后,作者把手头的事务处理掉,然后回家了。根据上文中的"I had to give up work at once and went to bed"可知,clear up"解决,清理"符合语境。
39．两年后,作者离开了病床,开始(began)了漫长的重回之前的生活状态的"攀登"。
40．过了一年,作者就做到了。It was/is+一段时间+before...是固定句型,意为"过了……才/就……"。
41．作者谈及这段经历是因为那些过去的岁月教会了作者应该珍惜什么,相信什么。
42．现在作者意识到这个世界不是等待他去打开的牡蛎,而是需要他去抓住的机会,
43．参见上题解析, grasp the opportunity"抓住机会",是固定搭配。
44．作者也学会了欣赏(appreciate)那些不起眼的但却很重要的东西,而作者之前从未想过自己会去注意这些东西。
45．参见上题解析。notice"注意到";record"记录";remember"记得";track"跟踪"。
46．根据上文中的"the music of the wind in my favorite pine tree"和下文中的"I seem now ... to hear and see"可知,此处指的应是作者以前不会注意到的东西。play"轻快变幻的动作,闪烁",the play of sunlight on water"阳光在水面上的闪烁"。
47．作者重新找回了童年时期看待事物的新鲜感。recovered "重新获得的,重新找到的",符合语境。
48．比如,回想起自己卧床两年后重新踏上这片土地的感觉有多好。for instance"比如,例如",符合语境。in contrast"相反";in return"作为回报";at will"随心所欲地"。
49．这就像在一个差点失去的世界中重新获得公民身份一样。regain"重新得到"和下文的"lost"相对应。maintain "维持"。
50．作者经常提醒自己要记下这个自己现在生活的时刻,因为活在此刻,作者是健康且快乐的,而且能做自己最喜欢做的事情。
51．参见上题解析。
52．pleased"快乐的,高兴的";courageous"勇敢的";confident"自信的";realistic"现实的"。下文中的"I’m wiser now, a little, and happier"亦是提示。
53．它不会总是如这般存在,因此作者会充分利用它并心存感激。上下文之间是因果关系,故用therefore。meanwhile"与此同时";otherwise"否则";however"然而"。
54．作者将这一切都归功于他卧病在床的那段漫长时光。owe... to..."把……归功于……",是固定用法。
55．更有智慧的人无需被困到如此境地也能明白这些道理。awareness "意识,明白"符合语境。
A
1. B.推断题。
根据第一小篇倒数第二部分 Entrance fees 中的信息可知，成年人每人6美元，大于65岁的人优惠价每人3美元，大于等于15人以上的团队每人5美元。结合题意，可知为16人团队，且有3名大于65岁的人，则可以采取15人买团票，1人买老人票的方案，需要花费15 * 5 + 3 = 78美元，此方案花费最少。故正确答案为B。
2.D. 推断题。
根据第二小篇的第一段第一句中 new exhibitions reflecting the culture of New Zealand 可知，该博物馆是有关于新西兰文化的。故D项正确。
A项，“它每天都在上午10点到下午5点开放”。根据第二小篇最后一段中 except Christmas Day 可知，该博物馆不是每天都开放的。故A项错误。
B项，“除了今年以外，它每年都会有一场新鲜事物的盛宴”。根据第二小篇第一段最后一句 This year is no exception 可知，今年也不会例外。故B项错误。
C项，“获胜者将乘坐直升机作为奖励”。根据第二小篇 Latest news 部分第一段第二句中 win the budding inventor a helicopter ride over Auckland for a family of four 可知，获胜者将获得一次四人家庭乘坐直升机飞越奥克兰的旅行，而不只是乘坐直升机。故C项错误。故正确答案为D。
B
58. B.根据第一段，作者提到两本被人们重新阅读的书，是为了引入文本的话题（“introduce the topic of the passage”）——重新阅读。
59. A.根据第二段，米德证明：在很多方面，好书不仅禁得住反复阅读的考验，还在我们每次重复阅读的时候提供了崭新的礼物（“Mead evidenced the large number of ways in which really good books not only stand the test of repeat reads, but also offer fresh gifts each time we crack their spines.”）。“crack the spine”表示重新读书（“re-read them”）。
60. D.根据第三段，正如美国大学研究者克里斯托尔▪拉塞尔所说，重读一本书“带给这本伟大的书新的、再次的欣赏，也带给读者对自己新的或重新的认识”（“As researcher Cristel Russell of the American University explained, returning to a book‘brings new or renewed appreciation of both the great book and its readers.’”）。人们通过重新阅读的体验，可以更好地了解自己（“we know ourselves better through re-reading experience”）。
C
61．C．细节理解题．根据It's well established that people with low economic status are the hardest hit by the current obesity pandemic （肥胖症），as well as related health problems such as diabetes．Poor healthcare，stress，unhealthy lifestyles，and a lot of cheap junk food are all thought to play a role．But a new study suggests there's a subconscious （潜意识）component，too．可知，经济状况较差的人群受到目前的肥胖症以及相关的健康问题如糖尿病的严重打击，保健，压力，不健康的生活方式和大量便宜的垃圾食品都是认为发挥作用．但是一项新的研究表明也有潜意识的原因．故第一段告诉我们潜意识在导致肥胖症．所以C选项是正确的．
62．A．细节理解题．根据they were more likely to prefer，choose，and eat larger amounts of food，as well as higher-calorie foods可知，经济状况差的人和动物消耗大量的食物的结果是源于生存的渴望．所以A选项是正确的．
63．B．推理判断题．根据"These findings suggest that the thought of low social standing may be critically linked to obesity risk via increased intake of calories，"the authors conclude．As such，the subjective experience of low social standing may be another barrier to improving health．
64．D．主旨大意题．阅读第一段。
D
本文是一篇说明文。气候变化预计将减少该地区的降雨，激发了一个新的寻找水源途径。Los Tomes的新项目是捕捉雾的一部分。用雾水制作的产品可能会吸引消费者。回到出生地的萨尔瓦多主要是想发展当地的旅游业。
65.推理判断题。根据第一段中The eightyearold is the school's only pupil. His teacher， Nilda， herself a former pupil， says that enrolment(注册入学) has dropped from 65 when she started teaching 43 years ago. Drought has driven families away， she says， “Only the old remain.”可知，第一段中的男孩被用作例子来说明干旱的严重性。故选B。
66.细节理解题。根据局第三段中Hope for Los Tomes comes in the form of three 60squaremetre nets stretched between poles on a ridge(山脊) above the community. These nets capture(捕捉)droplets(水珠) from the fog that rolls in from the sea 4 kilometers away.可知，放置渔网的理想地点应该是在沿海的山脊上。故选C。
67.推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句Villagers argued about how to share responsibility for maintaining the nets.可知，渔村人民关心的是如何使捕手能持续不断地良好运行。故选D。
68.句意理解题。根据第七段中The development fund paid 5.6 million pesos each piece to put up the structures in Los Tomes； when the nets wear out， the villagers will have to replace them at a cost of 100，000 pesos each. 在Los Tomes，搭建每一块结构发展基金支付560万比索；网磨损时，村民们将不得不更换，成本为100000比索。由此可知，It makes a profit， but most fogharvesting projects require investment in their early stages.（它赚取利润，但在早期阶段大多数收获项目需要投资）放在③合适，故选C。
69.推理判断题。根据第六段中The water source will be a big selling point. A privately owned brewery(啤酒厂)in Pena Blanca was quick to spot fog water's marketing appeal.可知，用雾水制作的产品可能会吸引消费者。故选A。
70.推理判断题。根据最后一段中A chance to develop tourism near the Fray Jorge national park， a rainforest which has survived thanks to its own natural fogcollection mechanism， brought Salvador to his birthplace. “Roots， the land and the desire to start this brought me back， says Salvador.可知，回到出生地的萨尔瓦多主要是想发展当地的旅游业。故选C。
【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第5小题，根据第六段中The water source will be a big selling point. A privately owned brewery(啤酒厂)in Pena Blanca was quick to spot fog water's marketing appeal.可知，用雾水制作的产品可能会吸引消费者。故选A。
文章介绍表扬的重要性，通过实验表明表扬的好处，希望人们不要吝啬自己的表扬，少批评，多表扬。
任务型阅读：
71.词组搭配：从第一段的句子：It seems that while most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow unwilling to give others the warm sunshine of praise.可知填 criticism
72.词义归纳题：从第二段的句子： Instead , we are embarrassed and ignore the words we are really so glad to hear.可知Instead“相反的”可以改成 rather than
73.词性转化题：从第二段的句子：Because of this defensive reaction, direct praise is surprisingly difficult to give.可知把difficult改成difficulty/trouble /problems
74.词义转化题：从第三段的句子：Since so often praise is the only wage a housewife receives, surely she is worthy of praise.可知be worthy of =deserve，填deserves
75.原词重现：从第四段的句子：Still, we are unaware of children’s small achievements and we seldom apply the rule 可知填apply
76.词性转化题：根据第五段的句子：and that he is hungry for a belief comment in the margin to show him that the teacher is aware of it, too.”可知把hungry改成 hungrily / eagerly / desperately
77.词性转化题：根据第六段的句子：Behavioral scientists have done countless experiments to prove that people have a tendency to repeat an act可知把tendency改成 tends
78.词性转化题：根据第六段的句子：but the less able children, who reacted badly to criticism, needed praise the most.可知把reacted改成 reacting/responding
79.归纳题：右边的内容是对全篇文章的总结，填Conclusion/Summary
80.原词重现，从最后一段的句子：To give praise costs the giver nothing but a moment’s thought and a moment’s effort 可知填effort
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