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内蒙古呼和浩特市2020届高三质量普查调研考试英语试题
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2020 年呼和浩特市高三年级第二次质量普查调研考试
英语试题
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、座位号涂写在答题卡上。
2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
3. 考试时间：100 分钟 试卷满分：120 分。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该选项涂黑。
A
Take a day trip from Dover to Calais for just ￡1
We’ve teamed up with P&O Ferries so you can enjoy a great day out in France with the family, sailing from Dover to Calais, plus, while on board, you can shop for lots of great bargains at reduced high street prices.
While on board, forget the stress of the high street and shop in style with P&O Ferries. Not only can you save up to 50 percent on the UK high street prices but you'll have plenty of choices of famous brand names such as Paul Smith, Dior, Hugo Boss, and Clinique, to name a few.
Stock up(贮备) on champagne, wine, beer and spirits at low prices! Why not fill up the car and save up to 30% off the UK beer, wine and spirits?
If you really want to treat yourself, why not enjoy the first-class dining experience—Mayfair’s famous Langan’s Brasserie, free for passengers of P&O Ferries’ ships.
Dover to Calais, day trips
Foot passenger from ￡1—Travel as a foot passenger from Dover to Calais, for just ￡1 from Sunday to Thursday or ￡1 on Fridays and Saturdays when booked online. There is a ￡1 more charge per person for booking by phone. Depart after 8:25 am and return before 9:00 pm the same day.
Car afternoon trip from ￡15—Depart after 12 at noon and return before midnight the same day with a car and up to 9 people for￡15 when you book online here or￡20 when booked by phone.
Car full day trip from￡18—Depart after 8：00 am and return before midnight the same day. This offer is for your car and up to 9 people from ￡18 when you book online or ￡23 by phone. A￡10 supplement applies for travel on Saturdays.
1. We can infer from the text that P&O Ferries may be ．
A. a famous department B. a wine producer
C. a ship service company D. a big restaurant
2. Which of the following can be free?
A. Dinner of Langan’s Brasserie. B. The UK beer, wine and spirits.
C. Products of famous brands. D. Use of cars during the trip.
3. What’s the main purpose of the text?
A. To compare prices from different companies.
B. To tell the arrangement of a trip.
C. To advertise some services.
D. To introduce a new company
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了从英国多佛到法国加莱的一日游的各种服务项目的相关信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“We’ve teamed up with P&O Ferries so you can enjoy a great day out in France with the family, sailing from Dover to Calais, plus, while on board, you can shop for lots of great bargains at reduced high street prices.”以及后文“passengers of P&O Ferries’ ships”可知，我们与P&O轮渡合作，这样你就可以和家人一起在法国享受美好的一天，从多佛航行到加来，此外，在船上，你可以买到很多物美价廉的商品，而且还能以街头价格打折。所以无论是sailing还是on board都表明这趟旅程是在船上进行的，可以推断P&O Ferries应该是一家海运公司，提供海上的客运服务。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“If you really want to treat yourself, why not enjoy the first-class dining experience—Mayfair’s famous Langan’s Brasserie, free for passengers of P&O Ferries’ ships.”可知，如果你真的想自娱自乐，何不享受一下梅菲尔著名的兰根餐厅的一流餐饮体验，为P&O渡轮的乘客提供免费服务。所以对于P&O Ferries公司的乘客，Langan’s Brasserie这家店的晚餐是免费的。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。文章的标题 “Take a day trip from Dover to Calais for just ￡1”已经给得比较清楚，就是在介绍一个旅游项目作广告推销用，文中也详细地展开讲解了旅游中各种服务项目，C选项“宣传一些服务项目”为短文的目的。故选C项。
B
Born in 1988 in Saint Michael, Barbados, Robyn Rihanna Fenty has rocked the entertainment world with her contributions to pop music. In her early teens, Rihanna was greatly inspired by reggae（雷盖音乐）singer Bob Marley and pop singer Madonna. She was lucky enough to get her first opportunity at the age of 15, when her friend introduced her to an experienced music composer Evan Rogers from New York.
Rihanna moved to US to start a career in music, and recorded under the guidance of Rogers and his partner Carl Sturken. Later, Shane Carter recognized her talent and had her sign a contract with Def Jam Recordings.
Rihanna has been musically influenced by famous artists, such as Beyonce Knowles, Madonna, Mariah Carey, Alicia Keys, and Bob Marley. In 2005, Rihanna released her debut album (首张专辑) Music of the Sun, which included the single hit Pon de Replay. This single broke all records and peaked at No. 2 on the US Billboard Hot 100 charts, as well as the UK charts.
Her second single If It’s Lovin’ That You Want was at No. 36 on the Billboard Hot 100 charts, and No. 11 on the UK charts. Rihanna released her second album A Girl Like Me in 2006, which included the hit song and lead single S.O.S. (Rescue Me). This single peaked at the number one position on the Billboard Hot 100.
In 2006, Rihanna also tried her luck in films, and made her acting debut playing a role in Bring It On: All or Nothing. The next year, she released her third album Good Girl Gone Bad, which had hit tracks like Umbrella, Hate That I Love You, and Don’t Stop the Music, among others. In the same year, at the MTV Video Music Awards, Rihanna won two awards for the hit single Umbrella. In 2008, Rihanna won her first Grammy Award for her hit single Umbrella. So far, Rihanna has won 45 awards in various categories.
4. What plays an important role in Rihanna’s success?
A. The support of her friends.
B. The encouragement of her family.
C The help and influence of successful musicians.
D. The education she received at school.
5. What happened to Rihanna when she was eighteen years old?
A. She began to act in films.
B. She started a career in music.
C. She began to release albums.
D. She won her first Grammy Award.
6. What do we know about Rihanna’s second single If It’s Lovin’ That You Want?
A. It was not as successful as her first single.
B. It was released in 2006.
C. It was included in her third album.
D. It was more successful than her third single.
7. Which song earned rewards for Rihanna for two years in a row?
A. Don’t Stop the Music B. Pon de Replay.
C. Hate That I Love You. D. Umbrella
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了Rihanna的音乐成长之路。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“She was lucky enough to get her first opportunity at the age of 15, when her friend introduced her to an experienced music composer Evan Rogers from New York.” 她很幸运，在她15岁的时候，她的朋友把她介绍给了一位来自纽约的经验丰富的作曲家埃文·罗杰斯。根据第三段“Rihanna has been musically influenced by famous artists, such as Beyonce Knowles, Madonna, Mariah Carey, Alicia Keys, and Bob Marley.” 蕾哈娜在音乐上受到了著名艺术家的影响，比如碧昂斯·诺斯、麦当娜、玛丽亚·凯莉、艾丽西亚·凯斯和鲍勃·马利。可知，成功音乐家的帮助和影响在蕾哈娜的成功中扮演了重要的角色。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Born in 1988 ”和最后一段“In 2006, Rihanna also tried her luck in films, and made her acting debut playing a role in Bring It On: All or Nothing.”可知，2006年，蕾哈娜也在电影领域碰到了好运气，并在《孤芳自赏》中首次亮相。所以Rihanna在18岁时开始演电影。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This single broke all records and peaked at No. 2 on the US Billboard Hot 100 charts, as well as the UK charts. ”可知，这首单曲打破了所有记录，并在美国公告牌百强单曲榜和英国排行榜上登顶第二名。根据第三段“Her second single If It’s Lovin’ That You Want was at No. 36 on the Billboard Hot 100 charts, and No. 11 on the UK charts.”她的第二首单曲“If It ' s Lovin ' That You Want”在公告牌百强单曲榜上排名第36，在英国单曲榜上排名第11。由此可知，第二首单曲没有她的第一首单曲那么成功。故选A项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“In the same year, at the MTV Video Music Awards, Rihanna won two awards for the hit single Umbrella. In 2008, Rihanna won her first Grammy Award for her hit single Umbrella.” 可知，同年，在MTV音乐录影带大奖上，蕾哈娜凭借热门单曲《雨伞》获得两项大奖。2008年，蕾哈娜凭借热门单曲《雨伞》获得了她的第一个格莱美奖。由此可知，“雨伞”这首歌使得Rihanna连续两年获奖。故选D项。
C
Do you want to look fashionable? Is looking fashionable more important than being comfortable? Many people seem to think so, judging by the things they wear. But fashion is not everything. It is more important to be a healthy and good person.
People go to great lengths to be fashionable. Some people think they have to have a certain body type, so they go on extreme, unhealthy diets in order to change their bodies. In addition, many women wear uncomfortable fashions, such as high-heeled shoes that create blisters(水泡), tight body shapers that limit blood flow, and sticky false eyelashes(假睫毛). Men and women alike spend time and money on products that change their natural hair color and use hot irons and blow dryers to curl or straighten their hair. Some people spend several hours a day in front of a mirror. Is fashion important enough to spend so much time and effort on changing how they look like?
If the purpose of fashion is to make a person feel good, it does not make sense that he or she would go through so much discomfort to be fashionable. Fashion should not come first. People should prioritize(优先考虑)being healthy and positive. What people wear does not indicate anything about their personalities. Instead of spending hours choosing a suit, perhaps you should call your friends and do something together. Instead of going on strict diets and starving, why not eat some healthy foods and then exercise? By doing these things, you can keep a healthy lifestyle and truly grow as a person.
8. Why does the author include questions in the text?
A. To enrich the content.
B. To introduce a new topic.
C. To reflect different attitudes.
D. To make readers think and give their opinions.
9. Which statement best represents the author’s viewpoint?
A. Fashion can make people do some unhealthy things.
B. Fashion increases famous people’s self-respect.
C. When you look good, you feel good.
D. People need to diet to lose weight.
10. Which of the following activities would the author most likely recommend?
A. Shopping for fashionable clothes.
B. Starting a new diet with a friend.
C Going skating with friends.
D. Changing the hairstyle every week.
11. The author’s main purpose in writing the text is to .
A. show readers advantages and disadvantages of dieting
B. persuade readers to value health more than fashion
C. tell readers ways to become fashionable
D. inform readers of the latest fashion trends
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章指出许多人盲目追求时尚却忽略了身体健康，并提出保持身体健康和心态良好才是更重要的。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“Do you want to look fashionable? Is looking fashionable more important than being comfortable? Many people seem to think so, judging by the things they wear. But fashion is not everything. It is more important to be a healthy and good person.”可知，你想看起来时髦吗？看起来时尚比舒适更重要吗？从他们穿的衣服来看，很多人似乎是这么想的。但时尚不是一切。更重要的是要做一个健康善良的人。所以作者在文中抛出了不少问题，疑问句的功能是提出问题、询问情况，站在读者的角度，可以激发思考、引起互动欲望和阅读兴趣，由此判断出抛出问题的目的是使读者思考并发表意见。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Some people think they have to have a certain body type, so they go on extreme, unhealthy diets in order to change their bodies.”可知，为了追求时尚，人们可能会为了强行保持身材而过度节食，此外作者也列举了许多例子来说明人们用不健康的方式在盲目追求时尚，A选项“时尚会使得人们做一些不益于身体健康的事”符合作者的观点。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Instead of spending hours choosing a suit, perhaps you should call your friends and do something together. Instead of going on strict diets and starving, why not eat some healthy foods and then exercise?”可知，作者鼓励大家多和朋友相聚，培养积极良好的形态，多做运动保持身体健康，C选项“和朋友们去滑雪”符合作者的主张。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Fashion should not come first. People should prioritize(优先考虑)being healthy and positive.”可知，作者认为时尚比起健康的身体和积极的心态永远是排第二位的，全文贯穿的也就是这样一种观点，作者也通过较多建议式的语言让读者们遵从这一理念。由此判断出短文的主要目的是说服读者重健康轻时尚。故选B项。
D
In the long dispute over whether dogs are smarter than cats, a recent study published in the journal Learning & Behavior suggests that dogs are no more exceptional than other animals when it comes to smartness and intelligence.
The news is sure to cause the debate among dog owners and scientists who study dog behaviors. The authors reviewed existing studies and data on animal cognition (认知) and found that while dogs are smart and trainable, they are not “super smart”, despite what most dog owners will tell you. Dog research was quite popular in the 1990s and continues to be so. When it came to other animals, though, scientific studies on intelligence were barely involved in, despite evidence to suggest that horses, chimpanzees ( 黑猩猩 ) and cats had tricks of their own. Almost everything a dog claimed to do, other animals could do too.
Researchers set out to test the supposition (假设，猜想). They compared dog cognition with members of three similar groups: meat-eating animals, social hunters and farm animals. Among the animals they studied were wolves, cats, chimpanzees, dolphins, horses and pigeons. What they found was that “dog cognition does not look exceptional”. Dogs can not use tools, unlike dolphins, New Caledonian crows and chimpanzees, which have been observed using plant stems to hunt for termites (白蚁). Homing pigeons are trained to fly home, sometimes crossing hundreds of miles of unfamiliar area. At the same time, farm animals share similar characters with their dog partners. Horses, like dogs, perform complex tasks. And cats? They have more in common with dogs than one might think. Still it is much easier to show intelligence in dogs because they like to be trained. Dogs are not smarter than they are supposed to be, given what they are.
12. What opinion does the recent study hold about dogs?
A. They can be trained to do many things.
B. They don’t have any intelligent advantage.
C. They’re lazy compared with chimpanzees.
D. They show exceptional smartness when trained.
13. How did the researchers conduct the study?
A. By referring to existing studies and data.
B. By comparing animals’ cognition ability.
C. By questionnaire surveys on dog owners.
D. By observing different animals’ behaviors.
14. What do we infer about cats from the last paragraph?
A. Cats can use tools to fish.
B. Cats can go home from far away.
C. Cats can learn to do complex tasks.
D. Cats are more unwilling to be trained.
15. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Cats are smarter than they were.
B. Dogs aren’t so clever as we think.
C. Any animal is smart and trainable.
D. All animals should be treated equally.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述根据科学研究和实验表明，狗不像人们认为的那样更聪明，也并不比其他动物聪明。
12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段In the long dispute over whether dogs are smarter than cats, a recent study published in the journal Learning & Behavior suggests that dogs are no more exceptional than other animals when it comes to smartness and intelligence. 在关于狗是否比猫聪明的长期争论中，最近发表在《学习与行为》杂志上的一项研究表明，在聪明和智力方面，狗并不比其他动物更例外。由此可知，这项研究表明狗并没有什么智力方面的优势，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句Researchers set out to test the supposition (假设，猜想). They compared dog cognition with members of three similar groups: meat-eating animals, social hunters and farm animals. 研究人员开始测试这一假设。它们将狗的认知与三个类似群体的成员进行了比较：食肉动物、社会猎人和农场动物。由此可知，研究人员是通过对比狗和其他动物的认知能力来进行研究的，故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段And cats? They have more in common with dogs than one might think. Still it is much easier to show intelligence in dogs because they like to be trained.还有猫？ 他们和狗的共同点比人们想象的要多。然而，在狗身上表现出智慧要容易得多，因为它们喜欢被训练。因为猫和狗的共同点比较多，但是，狗却表现的更聪明，是因为狗喜欢被训练，由此推断猫不太喜欢被训练，故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章描述以及最后一句Dogs are not smarter than they are supposed to be, given what they are. 考虑到狗的特点，它们并不比人们认为的更聪明，由此可以总结为文章的中心就是描述狗并不像我们想象的那么聪明，故选B。
【点睛】定位关键词适用于解答细节理解题。通过定位关键词解题，考生在阅读题干时，把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划记出来，或者选项中的关键词，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。如小题1题干中的recent study，可以回到原文的第一段当中去，根据文章第一段In the long dispute over whether dogs are smarter than cats, a recent study published in the journal Learning & Behavior suggests that dogs are no more exceptional than other animals when it comes to smartness and intelligence. 在关于狗是否比猫聪明的长期争论中，最近发表在《学习与行为》杂志上的一项研究表明，在聪明和智力方面，狗并不比其他动物更例外。由此可知，这项研究表明狗并没有什么智力方面的优势，故选B。
第二节（共 5 小题；每题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nowadays, people tend to take a selfie (自拍照) wherever they are. However, not all of them can take a perfect selfie. ___16___ So we’re going to give you tips on how to get a perfect one.
● Use several devices (设备). Before you can even think about uploading (上传) a selfie on your social networking site, you need to decide which device to use in the first place. Although there are many devices you can use to take a selfie, the best one is a smart phone with front and back cameras. But it doesn’t mean that your other devices can’t come in handy. ___17___ In the end, all that matters is how well you practice and can get the right shots.
● Catch good lighting and the background. To get a great selfie, you have to pay close attention to the lighting and background. If you’re taking a selfie indoors, the best place to be is facing a window or door where natural light is shining right on your face. This really brightens up the picture. ___18___
● Aim for untraditional shots. Try taking a selfie with your pet. ___19___ One great thing about the selfie is that you don’t need to wait for the right time or place. You can reach out for your camera at once, make a pose, and get a rocking selfie.
● ___20___ Relax, enjoy, click—these are the three basic rules you need to follow.
A. Try to avoid the serious face.
B. Pretend to be very happy all the time.
C. Taking a selfie needs practice and skills.
D. You remember to show your best smiles there.
E. For an outdoor selfie, face the sun to make it work.
F. You just have to understand how each of them works.
G. It’s interesting to see what kind of expression it will give.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. E 19. G 20. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何拍出一张完美的自拍照的几点建议。
16题详解】
空前说并不是所有人都能拍出一张完美的自拍照，空后又说给你一些如何拍出一张完美的自拍照的建议，此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，既要对应上文提到的自拍话题，又要引出下文介绍的如何拍出一张完美的自拍照的建议，故C项（自拍需要练习和技巧）符合语境。
【17题详解】
空前说虽然有很多设备可以用来自拍，但最好是带有前后摄像头的智能手机，但这并不意味着其他设备派不上用场，空后又说重要的是你练得越好，你拍的也就越好，这说明你要了解每个自拍设备的工作原理，故F项（你只需要了解它们是如何工作的）符合语境。
【18题详解】
空前说如果在室内自拍，你最好是面对窗户或门，这样自然光就会正好照在脸上，这会让画面更加明亮，此处介绍的是另一种情况——在户外自拍时的光线问题，故E项（对于户外自拍，面对阳光让光线更好）符合语境。
【19题详解】
空前说试着和你的宠物一起自拍，此处解释原因，G项中的“it”指代的就是前面的“your pet”，故G项（看看它会给出什么样的表情是很有趣的）符合语境。
【20题详解】
空后说自拍时你要放松，也就是说你要避免严肃的表情，故A项（尽量避免严肃的表情）符合语境。
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
One day, the sewer line (污水管道) under our house burst open. My first reaction was to ___21___ the pipe repairer, but when he heard what was on, he ___22___ . He did, however, recommend someone. I made the call, ___23___ the man to complain about such a terrible job. ___24___ , he simply asked, “The ___25___?”
And that was it. An hour later, Steve arrived in his truck. He looked exactly like what I had imagined: rough and bearlike. I ___26___ as he walked down into the wet depths. A few moments later he ___27___ , saying, “Yep. It’s broken.”
“Can you fix it?” I asked with a mixture of doubt and ___28___.
Steve looked at me as if scolding me for lack of ___29___, saying, “Sure.” Then he told me that he ____30____ to tear up the street to the main sewer line.
“How long will all this take?” I asked.
“I should have it done by evening.”
I didn’t ____31____ to watch the digging. All I wanted was to leave, go somewhere, and upon my ____32____, have everything the way it was before the damage. I felt somewhat ____33____ upon driving off in my clean vehicle, leaving Steve such a (n) ____34____ task. I went into town and visited a few friends. ____35____, around 6 pm, my curiosity got the better of me. I went home, and there was a sweeter ____36____ I never saw: an area of newly-covered street across my front lawn (草坪). I opened the underground room door and — all was____37____ and dry.
I sat down and thought about Steve — big and rough Steve, and how people, upon seeing him, might judge him. His good job taught me a lesson: Never judge people by their ____38____ . And I was taken by the very idea that, whatever might happen to a(n) ____39____ homeowner, there is somebody who is skilled in its solution. If that’s not a reason for ____40____, I’m not sure what is.
21. A. visit B. call C. ask D. remind
22. A. apologized B. refused C. complained D. shouted
23. A. requiring B. telling C. forcing D. expecting
24. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Again D. Then
25. A. direction B. payment C. address D. problem
26. A. remained B. watched C. hesitated D. followed
27. A. arrived B. stayed C. nodded D. appeared
28. A. hope B. anxiety C. pleasure D. disappointment
29. A. wisdom B. strength C. trust D. energy
30. A. used B. failed C. struggled D. needed
31. A. decide B. volunteer C. want D. agree
32. A. return B. repair C. check D. arrival
33. A. nervous B. comfortable C. relaxed D. guilty
34. A. dangerous B. dirty C. urgent D. meaningless
35. A. Surprisingly B. Thankfully C. Eventually D. Fortunately
36. A. situation B. place C. environment D. sight
37. A. warm B. tidy C. new D. empty
38. A. appearance B. job C. voice D. action
39. A. helpless B. careless C. fearless D. harmless
40. A. celebration B. consideration C. appreciation D. excitement
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. B 38. A 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者家的污水管道破裂，一位管道工虽然给人的第一印象是粗野的，但却一丝不苟地帮作者修好了管道，并且将狼藉一片的修理现场收拾得干净整洁。为此作者感激不尽，并懂得了“人不可貌相”这个道理。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的第一反应就是打电话给管道工。A. visit参观；B. call打电话；C. ask问；D. remind提醒。根据上文作者家的污水管道破裂，及下文的heard和I made the call可知，应该是给管道工“打电话”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当他听到发生了什么，他拒绝了。A. apologized道歉；B. refused拒绝；C. complained抱怨；D. shouted喊叫。根据下文的He did, however, recommend(推荐) someone.可知，第一个管道工拒绝了作者修理水管的请求，而向作者推荐了另一个人。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打了电话，猜想那个人会抱怨这是多么糟糕的工作。A. requiring要求；B. telling告诉；C. forcing迫使；D. expecting猜想，期待。第一个管道工听说污水管道破裂了，便拒绝维修，显然是又嫌脏又嫌累，所以作者在给第二个管道工打电话时，“猜想”此人会像第一个人那样抱怨工作的脏累。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他只是问，“地址？”A. Instead相反；B. Therefore因此；C. Again又，再；D. Then然后。作者猜想此人会像第一个人那样拒绝她，但结果不是这样，他没有拒绝作者，而是同意了作者的请求。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他只是问，“地址？”A. direction方向；B. payment支付；C. address地点；D. problem问题。根据下文的An hour later, Steve arrived in his truck可知，此人同意了作者的请求，并问了作者的地址。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着管道工下到污水管道潮湿的深处。A. remained保持；B. watched看；C. hesitated迟疑不决；D. followed跟着。污水管道在地下，水管工来了后肯定是要先下到污水管道里检查一下，作为房屋主人，作者应该是在旁边看着管道工下到污水管道干活。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，他出现了，说：“是的。它坏了。”A. arrived到达；B. stayed逗留；C. nodded点头；D. appeared出现。污水管道在地下，所以管道工下去后作者会看不到他，再过一会他检查完出来后会“出现”在作者面前。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你能修好吗？”我带着怀疑和希望地问。A. hope希望；B. anxiety焦虑；C. pleasure乐意；D. disappointment失望。根据Can you fix it?和句中的mixture可推断，作者既怀疑又希望该管道工能胜任工作。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：史蒂夫看着我，好像在责备我缺乏信任，说：“当然。”A. wisdom智慧；B. strength力量；C. trust信任；D. energy能量。根据上文a mixture of doubt中的doubt可推断作者对管道工的不信任。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我说需要把地面刨开到污水主管道那。A. used使用；B. failed失败；C. struggled斗争；D. needed需要。根据上文管道工所说的It’s broken可知，此处指管道破损严重，需要把地面刨开到污水主管道那。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想看挖掘工作。A. decide决定；B. volunteer志愿；C. want想，要；D. agree同意。根据下文All I wanted was to leave, go somewhere可推断，作者不想看挖掘工作。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只想离开，去某个地方，在我回来的时候，把一切都恢复到破坏前的样子。A. return返回；B. repair修理；C. check检查；D. arrival到达。上文提到All I wanted was to leave，此处应选return来和上文的leave相照应，指作者希望一回来就能看到一切都恢复到挖掘前的样子。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我开着干净的车离开时，我有点内疚，给史蒂夫留下了一个如此肮脏的任务。A. nervous紧张的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. relaxed放松的；D. guilty内疚的。根据upon driving off in my clean vehicle, leaving Steve such a(n) 14 task可知，作者开着干净的车走了，留下管道工一人做着又脏又累的工作，由此可推断作者的内疚之情。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我开着干净的车离开时，我有点内疚，给史蒂夫留下了一个如此肮脏的任务。A. dangerous危险的；B. dirty脏的；C. urgent紧急的；D. meaningless没有意义的。根据修理污水管道这种工作的性质，以及上文的such a terrible job可知，该工作是脏的。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，下午6点左右，我的好奇心占了上风。A. Surprisingly惊讶地；B. Thankfully感激地；C. Eventually最后；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据上文I should have it done by evening和I went into town and visited a few friends可知，作者在外待了很久，最后到了下午6点，作者回家了。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我回到家，看到了我从未见过的更美好的景象：穿过我家前面草坪的新修的街道。A. situation形势；B. place地方；C. environment环境；D. sight景象，视野。下文的an area of newly-covered street across my front lawn. I opened the underground room door and — all was... and dry是作者所看到的景象。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我打开了地下室的门——一切都很整洁和干燥。A. warm温暖的；B. tidy整洁的；C. new新的；D. empty空的。上文提到管道工将挖过的地面重新铺好了，再根据下文的并列内容and dry可知，此处指因修理污水管道而弄脏弄乱的地面也被收拾干净了。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：人不可貌相。A. appearance相貌；B. job职业；C. voice声音；D. action行动。文章开头提到作者对管道工的第一印象是粗野、长得像熊一样，对管道工还产生过不信任，但没想到这样一个看似粗线条的男人却将工作完成得如此细致整洁、一丝不苟。由此可推断，作者此处学到的道理是：人不可貌相。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有了这样的一个想法，不管一个无助的房主会发生什么，总有一个人能熟练地解决问题。A. helpless无助的；B. careless粗心的；C. fearless无谓的；D. harmless无害的。污水管道破裂是作者所处理不了的，因此对她来说，这种情况下她是无助的。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果这不是感激的理由，我不知道是什么。A. celebration庆祝；B. consideration考虑；C. appreciation感激；D. excitement激动。管道工修理好了作者家的污水管道，作者显然是感激的。故选C。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第15小题，根据上文I should have it done by evening和I went into town and visited a few friends可知，作者在外待了很久，最后到了下午6点，作者回家了。A. Surprisingly惊讶地；B. Thankfully感激地；C. Eventually最后；D. Fortunately幸运地。句意：最后，下午6点左右，我的好奇心占了上风。故选C。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Eliud Kipchoge has become the first athlete___41___ (run) a marathon in less than two hours, ___42___ (beat) the record by 20 seconds. The Kenyan,34, covered the 26.2 miles in one hour 59 minutes 40 seconds in the Ineos 1:59 Challenge in Vienna, Austria___43___ 12 October. It will not___44___ (recognize) as the official marathon world record because it was not in an open ___45___ (compete) and he used a team of 42 pacemakers (领跑员). “This shows no one is limited,” said Kipchoge. “Now I’ve done it, and I am expecting ___46___ (many) people to do it after me.” Knowing he was about to make history, the pacemakers dropped back to let Kipchoge pass the line alone. The four-time London Marathon winner ___47___ (hug) his wife Grace, grabbed ___48___ Kenyan flag and was surrounded by his pacemakers, including many of the world’s best middle and long-distance runners. Kipchoge’s coaches delivered him water and energy food by bike, while___49___ (normal) the athletes are only permitted to pick refreshments up from a table in official marathons. These aids are not allowed under the rules of the IAAF(国 际田联), ____50____ is why it will not recognize this achievement as the official marathon world record.
【答案】41. to run
42. beating
43. on 44. be recognized
45. competition
46. more 47. hugged
48. a 49. normally
50. which
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自肯尼亚的运动员Eliud Kipchoge首次冲破了马拉松比赛2个小时的大关，但因为规则上的限制，国际田联并没有认可其为新的世界纪录。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Eliud Kipchoge已成为第一位马拉松比赛跑进2小时的运动员，超过了之前的纪录20秒。这里run作后置定语修饰athlete，run和athlete之间是主动关系且athlete被序数词the first修饰，要用不定式。故填to run。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Eliud Kipchoge已成为第一位马拉松比赛跑进2小时的运动员，超过了之前的纪录20秒。这里beat the record作前句的状语，beat与主语Eliud Kipchoge之间是主动关系，要用现在分词形式。故填beating。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：这位34岁的肯尼亚人，在10月12日于奥地利维也纳举行的Ineos 1:59挑战中用1小时59分40秒就跑完了26.2英里。在具体的某月某日前，要用介词on。故填on。
【44题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：这不会被认定为正式的马拉松世界纪录，因为它没有出现在公开的比赛中。分析句子可知，主语it（指代Eliud Kipchoge跑出的成绩）与recognize之间应该是被动关系，表示“被承认”，且置于情态动词后be动词要用原形。故填be recognized。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：这不会被认定为正式的马拉松世界纪录，因为它没有出现在公开的比赛中。这里compete与冠词an和形容词open一起组成宾语，要用名词形式。故填competition。
【46题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：我期待更多的人能跟随我的脚步。前后句存在句意上的递进关系，Eliud Kipchoge希望的是有越来越多的人能像他一样打破2小时的大关，要用more来表示“更多的”。故填more。
【47题详解】
考查时态。句意：这位四届伦敦马拉松冠军得主拥抱了他的妻子Grace，抓着一个肯尼亚国旗。文章主时态为一般过去时，这里hug的动作发生在过去，也要用一般过去时。故填hugged。
【48题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这位四届伦敦马拉松冠军得主拥抱了他的妻子Grace，抓着一面肯尼亚国旗。这里表示“一面国旗”，泛指，要用不定冠词。故填a。
【49题详解】
考查副词。句意：而正式比赛中运动员正常来说只能从桌子上自己拿饮料。这里作状语修饰整个句子，要用副词形式。故填normally。
【50题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些场外援助是不为国际田联的规则所允许的，这就是为什么他的纪录没有被认定为正式的马拉松世界纪录。分析句子结构可知，这里使用非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句的内容，这时要用关系代词which在从句中作主语。故填which。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
I was lucky enough to study abroad as an exchange student, but this allowed me to improve my language skills and found out more about the local culture. It was my active participation (参与) which helped me make the friends in a foreign country. Instead staying in my room, I got out of the house so as not to be homesick. I’ll never forget the times when I first went camping with my friends. I also tried something entire new such as a dance class and a walking club. In addition, I tried to make my voice hearing. As a result, everyone wanted to know something about myself and I made much good friends!
【答案】第一处：but→and
第二处：found→find
第三处：which→that
第四处：去掉friends 前的the
第五处：在Instead后加of
第六处：times→time
第七处：entire→entirely
第八处：hearing→heard
第九处：myself→me
第十处：much→many
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在国外作交换生的经历。
【详解】第一处：考查连词。句意：我很幸运的去国外做了交换生，这不仅提高了我的语言能力，也让我更多的了解了当地的文化。分析句子可知，前后两句为并列关系，应用and，故将but改为and。
第二处：考查动词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，found out和improve并列接在不定式之后，应用动词原形，故将found改为find。
第三处：考查固定句型。句意：我的积极参与帮助我在国外结交了很多朋友。分析句子可知，It is/was+被强调的部分that+其他为强调句型，本句符合强调句，去掉It is It is/was… that，句子仍然成立，并且句意完整，故将which改为that。
第四处：考查固定短语。句意：同上。分析句子可知，结交朋友为固定短语，make friends，故去掉friends 前的the。
第五处：考查固定短语。句意：我没有呆在自己的房间里，而是走出了家门，以免想家。分析句子可知，这里中的代替为固定短语instead of，后接动名词，故在Instead后加of。
第六处：考查名词。句意：我永远不会忘记我第一次和朋友去露营的时候。分析句子可知，这里中times指的是次数，而我们本句中的意思是指时间，故将times改为time。
第七处：考查副词。句意：我还尝试了一些全新的东西，比如舞蹈课和步行俱乐部。分析句子可知， 这里entire修饰形容词new作状语，应用副词，故将entire改为entirely。
第八处：考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，我试着让别人听到我的声音。分析句子可知， 本句中的hearing作make的宾语补足语，和修饰语之间为被动关系，故将hearing改为heard。
第九处：考查代词。句意：因此，每个人都想了解我，我交了很多好朋友。分析句子可知， 这里的myself作know about的宾语，应用宾格形式，故将myself改为me。
第十处：考查形容词。句意：同上。分析句子可知， 这里much修饰名词friends，而friends为复数形式，应用many，而much修饰不可数名词，故将much改为many。
第二节：书面表达（满分 25 分）
52.假定你是李华，你校的“英语角社团”想邀请你校外教Smith参加本周末的活动。请你给他写封邮件。内容包括：
1. 邀请参加；
2. 主题：京剧（Peking Opera）；
活动形式：自由交流；
3. 时间和地点。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
Dear Smith，
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Smith，
I am delighted to know you are into Peking Opera. Now I’m writing to invite you to our next English Corner, whose topic is Peking Opera.
As an old and noble art form, Peking Opera is considered our national opera. I think it great fun to learn to sing it. We are to meet on Sunday afternoon in the First Lecture Hall of our school, which is very beautiful. We will have a free talk from 3:00 pm to 5: 00 pm. What’s more, I advise you to go to the Internet to look up some information about Peking Opera in advance so that we can better talk to each other.
Would you like to join us? Please do let me know.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封邮件邀请外教Smith参加本周末“英语角社团”的活动。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1. 邀请参加；
2. 主题：京剧（Peking Opera）；
活动形式：自由交流；
3. 时间和地点。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
be delighted to；invite sb. to somewhere；have a free talk；advise sb. to do sth.；look up；in advance
第三步：连词成句
1. I am delighted to know you are into Peking Opera.
2. Now I’m writing to invite you to our next English Corner,
3. We will have a free talk from 3:00 pm to 5: 00 pm.
4. I advise you to go to the Internet to look up some information about Peking Opera in advance so that we can better talk to each other.
(根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。）
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last, Last but not least
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also), including, also
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although + clause (从句), In spite of + n/doing, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
5表换一种方式表达：In other words, that is to say,
6.表进行举例说明：For example; For instance; such as + n/doing
7.表陈述事实：In fact, frankly speaking
8.表选择：either…or…，or
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，结构严谨，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如which is very beautiful这句话中用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，如so that we can better talk to each other这句话中用了so that引导的目的状语从句；使用了非常好的短语，如be delighted to，invite sb. to somewhere，advise sb. to do sth.，in advance等，为文章增色不少；并注意了句子的衔接，如What’s more。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
英语试题
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、座位号涂写在答题卡上。
2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
3. 考试时间：100 分钟 试卷满分：120 分。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该选项涂黑。
A
Take a day trip from Dover to Calais for just ￡1
We’ve teamed up with P&O Ferries so you can enjoy a great day out in France with the family, sailing from Dover to Calais, plus, while on board, you can shop for lots of great bargains at reduced high street prices.
While on board, forget the stress of the high street and shop in style with P&O Ferries. Not only can you save up to 50 percent on the UK high street prices but you'll have plenty of choices of famous brand names such as Paul Smith, Dior, Hugo Boss, and Clinique, to name a few.
Stock up(贮备) on champagne, wine, beer and spirits at low prices! Why not fill up the car and save up to 30% off the UK beer, wine and spirits?
If you really want to treat yourself, why not enjoy the first-class dining experience—Mayfair’s famous Langan’s Brasserie, free for passengers of P&O Ferries’ ships.
Dover to Calais, day trips
Foot passenger from ￡1—Travel as a foot passenger from Dover to Calais, for just ￡1 from Sunday to Thursday or ￡1 on Fridays and Saturdays when booked online. There is a ￡1 more charge per person for booking by phone. Depart after 8:25 am and return before 9:00 pm the same day.
Car afternoon trip from ￡15—Depart after 12 at noon and return before midnight the same day with a car and up to 9 people for￡15 when you book online here or￡20 when booked by phone.
Car full day trip from￡18—Depart after 8：00 am and return before midnight the same day. This offer is for your car and up to 9 people from ￡18 when you book online or ￡23 by phone. A￡10 supplement applies for travel on Saturdays.
1. We can infer from the text that P&O Ferries may be ．
A. a famous department B. a wine producer
C. a ship service company D. a big restaurant
2. Which of the following can be free?
A. Dinner of Langan’s Brasserie. B. The UK beer, wine and spirits.
C. Products of famous brands. D. Use of cars during the trip.
3. What’s the main purpose of the text?
A. To compare prices from different companies.
B. To tell the arrangement of a trip.
C. To advertise some services.
D. To introduce a new company
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了从英国多佛到法国加莱的一日游的各种服务项目的相关信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“We’ve teamed up with P&O Ferries so you can enjoy a great day out in France with the family, sailing from Dover to Calais, plus, while on board, you can shop for lots of great bargains at reduced high street prices.”以及后文“passengers of P&O Ferries’ ships”可知，我们与P&O轮渡合作，这样你就可以和家人一起在法国享受美好的一天，从多佛航行到加来，此外，在船上，你可以买到很多物美价廉的商品，而且还能以街头价格打折。所以无论是sailing还是on board都表明这趟旅程是在船上进行的，可以推断P&O Ferries应该是一家海运公司，提供海上的客运服务。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“If you really want to treat yourself, why not enjoy the first-class dining experience—Mayfair’s famous Langan’s Brasserie, free for passengers of P&O Ferries’ ships.”可知，如果你真的想自娱自乐，何不享受一下梅菲尔著名的兰根餐厅的一流餐饮体验，为P&O渡轮的乘客提供免费服务。所以对于P&O Ferries公司的乘客，Langan’s Brasserie这家店的晚餐是免费的。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。文章的标题 “Take a day trip from Dover to Calais for just ￡1”已经给得比较清楚，就是在介绍一个旅游项目作广告推销用，文中也详细地展开讲解了旅游中各种服务项目，C选项“宣传一些服务项目”为短文的目的。故选C项。
B
Born in 1988 in Saint Michael, Barbados, Robyn Rihanna Fenty has rocked the entertainment world with her contributions to pop music. In her early teens, Rihanna was greatly inspired by reggae（雷盖音乐）singer Bob Marley and pop singer Madonna. She was lucky enough to get her first opportunity at the age of 15, when her friend introduced her to an experienced music composer Evan Rogers from New York.
Rihanna moved to US to start a career in music, and recorded under the guidance of Rogers and his partner Carl Sturken. Later, Shane Carter recognized her talent and had her sign a contract with Def Jam Recordings.
Rihanna has been musically influenced by famous artists, such as Beyonce Knowles, Madonna, Mariah Carey, Alicia Keys, and Bob Marley. In 2005, Rihanna released her debut album (首张专辑) Music of the Sun, which included the single hit Pon de Replay. This single broke all records and peaked at No. 2 on the US Billboard Hot 100 charts, as well as the UK charts.
Her second single If It’s Lovin’ That You Want was at No. 36 on the Billboard Hot 100 charts, and No. 11 on the UK charts. Rihanna released her second album A Girl Like Me in 2006, which included the hit song and lead single S.O.S. (Rescue Me). This single peaked at the number one position on the Billboard Hot 100.
In 2006, Rihanna also tried her luck in films, and made her acting debut playing a role in Bring It On: All or Nothing. The next year, she released her third album Good Girl Gone Bad, which had hit tracks like Umbrella, Hate That I Love You, and Don’t Stop the Music, among others. In the same year, at the MTV Video Music Awards, Rihanna won two awards for the hit single Umbrella. In 2008, Rihanna won her first Grammy Award for her hit single Umbrella. So far, Rihanna has won 45 awards in various categories.
4. What plays an important role in Rihanna’s success?
A. The support of her friends.
B. The encouragement of her family.
C The help and influence of successful musicians.
D. The education she received at school.
5. What happened to Rihanna when she was eighteen years old?
A. She began to act in films.
B. She started a career in music.
C. She began to release albums.
D. She won her first Grammy Award.
6. What do we know about Rihanna’s second single If It’s Lovin’ That You Want?
A. It was not as successful as her first single.
B. It was released in 2006.
C. It was included in her third album.
D. It was more successful than her third single.
7. Which song earned rewards for Rihanna for two years in a row?
A. Don’t Stop the Music B. Pon de Replay.
C. Hate That I Love You. D. Umbrella
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了Rihanna的音乐成长之路。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“She was lucky enough to get her first opportunity at the age of 15, when her friend introduced her to an experienced music composer Evan Rogers from New York.” 她很幸运，在她15岁的时候，她的朋友把她介绍给了一位来自纽约的经验丰富的作曲家埃文·罗杰斯。根据第三段“Rihanna has been musically influenced by famous artists, such as Beyonce Knowles, Madonna, Mariah Carey, Alicia Keys, and Bob Marley.” 蕾哈娜在音乐上受到了著名艺术家的影响，比如碧昂斯·诺斯、麦当娜、玛丽亚·凯莉、艾丽西亚·凯斯和鲍勃·马利。可知，成功音乐家的帮助和影响在蕾哈娜的成功中扮演了重要的角色。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Born in 1988 ”和最后一段“In 2006, Rihanna also tried her luck in films, and made her acting debut playing a role in Bring It On: All or Nothing.”可知，2006年，蕾哈娜也在电影领域碰到了好运气，并在《孤芳自赏》中首次亮相。所以Rihanna在18岁时开始演电影。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This single broke all records and peaked at No. 2 on the US Billboard Hot 100 charts, as well as the UK charts. ”可知，这首单曲打破了所有记录，并在美国公告牌百强单曲榜和英国排行榜上登顶第二名。根据第三段“Her second single If It’s Lovin’ That You Want was at No. 36 on the Billboard Hot 100 charts, and No. 11 on the UK charts.”她的第二首单曲“If It ' s Lovin ' That You Want”在公告牌百强单曲榜上排名第36，在英国单曲榜上排名第11。由此可知，第二首单曲没有她的第一首单曲那么成功。故选A项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“In the same year, at the MTV Video Music Awards, Rihanna won two awards for the hit single Umbrella. In 2008, Rihanna won her first Grammy Award for her hit single Umbrella.” 可知，同年，在MTV音乐录影带大奖上，蕾哈娜凭借热门单曲《雨伞》获得两项大奖。2008年，蕾哈娜凭借热门单曲《雨伞》获得了她的第一个格莱美奖。由此可知，“雨伞”这首歌使得Rihanna连续两年获奖。故选D项。
C
Do you want to look fashionable? Is looking fashionable more important than being comfortable? Many people seem to think so, judging by the things they wear. But fashion is not everything. It is more important to be a healthy and good person.
People go to great lengths to be fashionable. Some people think they have to have a certain body type, so they go on extreme, unhealthy diets in order to change their bodies. In addition, many women wear uncomfortable fashions, such as high-heeled shoes that create blisters(水泡), tight body shapers that limit blood flow, and sticky false eyelashes(假睫毛). Men and women alike spend time and money on products that change their natural hair color and use hot irons and blow dryers to curl or straighten their hair. Some people spend several hours a day in front of a mirror. Is fashion important enough to spend so much time and effort on changing how they look like?
If the purpose of fashion is to make a person feel good, it does not make sense that he or she would go through so much discomfort to be fashionable. Fashion should not come first. People should prioritize(优先考虑)being healthy and positive. What people wear does not indicate anything about their personalities. Instead of spending hours choosing a suit, perhaps you should call your friends and do something together. Instead of going on strict diets and starving, why not eat some healthy foods and then exercise? By doing these things, you can keep a healthy lifestyle and truly grow as a person.
8. Why does the author include questions in the text?
A. To enrich the content.
B. To introduce a new topic.
C. To reflect different attitudes.
D. To make readers think and give their opinions.
9. Which statement best represents the author’s viewpoint?
A. Fashion can make people do some unhealthy things.
B. Fashion increases famous people’s self-respect.
C. When you look good, you feel good.
D. People need to diet to lose weight.
10. Which of the following activities would the author most likely recommend?
A. Shopping for fashionable clothes.
B. Starting a new diet with a friend.
C Going skating with friends.
D. Changing the hairstyle every week.
11. The author’s main purpose in writing the text is to .
A. show readers advantages and disadvantages of dieting
B. persuade readers to value health more than fashion
C. tell readers ways to become fashionable
D. inform readers of the latest fashion trends
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章指出许多人盲目追求时尚却忽略了身体健康，并提出保持身体健康和心态良好才是更重要的。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“Do you want to look fashionable? Is looking fashionable more important than being comfortable? Many people seem to think so, judging by the things they wear. But fashion is not everything. It is more important to be a healthy and good person.”可知，你想看起来时髦吗？看起来时尚比舒适更重要吗？从他们穿的衣服来看，很多人似乎是这么想的。但时尚不是一切。更重要的是要做一个健康善良的人。所以作者在文中抛出了不少问题，疑问句的功能是提出问题、询问情况，站在读者的角度，可以激发思考、引起互动欲望和阅读兴趣，由此判断出抛出问题的目的是使读者思考并发表意见。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Some people think they have to have a certain body type, so they go on extreme, unhealthy diets in order to change their bodies.”可知，为了追求时尚，人们可能会为了强行保持身材而过度节食，此外作者也列举了许多例子来说明人们用不健康的方式在盲目追求时尚，A选项“时尚会使得人们做一些不益于身体健康的事”符合作者的观点。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Instead of spending hours choosing a suit, perhaps you should call your friends and do something together. Instead of going on strict diets and starving, why not eat some healthy foods and then exercise?”可知，作者鼓励大家多和朋友相聚，培养积极良好的形态，多做运动保持身体健康，C选项“和朋友们去滑雪”符合作者的主张。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Fashion should not come first. People should prioritize(优先考虑)being healthy and positive.”可知，作者认为时尚比起健康的身体和积极的心态永远是排第二位的，全文贯穿的也就是这样一种观点，作者也通过较多建议式的语言让读者们遵从这一理念。由此判断出短文的主要目的是说服读者重健康轻时尚。故选B项。
D
In the long dispute over whether dogs are smarter than cats, a recent study published in the journal Learning & Behavior suggests that dogs are no more exceptional than other animals when it comes to smartness and intelligence.
The news is sure to cause the debate among dog owners and scientists who study dog behaviors. The authors reviewed existing studies and data on animal cognition (认知) and found that while dogs are smart and trainable, they are not “super smart”, despite what most dog owners will tell you. Dog research was quite popular in the 1990s and continues to be so. When it came to other animals, though, scientific studies on intelligence were barely involved in, despite evidence to suggest that horses, chimpanzees ( 黑猩猩 ) and cats had tricks of their own. Almost everything a dog claimed to do, other animals could do too.
Researchers set out to test the supposition (假设，猜想). They compared dog cognition with members of three similar groups: meat-eating animals, social hunters and farm animals. Among the animals they studied were wolves, cats, chimpanzees, dolphins, horses and pigeons. What they found was that “dog cognition does not look exceptional”. Dogs can not use tools, unlike dolphins, New Caledonian crows and chimpanzees, which have been observed using plant stems to hunt for termites (白蚁). Homing pigeons are trained to fly home, sometimes crossing hundreds of miles of unfamiliar area. At the same time, farm animals share similar characters with their dog partners. Horses, like dogs, perform complex tasks. And cats? They have more in common with dogs than one might think. Still it is much easier to show intelligence in dogs because they like to be trained. Dogs are not smarter than they are supposed to be, given what they are.
12. What opinion does the recent study hold about dogs?
A. They can be trained to do many things.
B. They don’t have any intelligent advantage.
C. They’re lazy compared with chimpanzees.
D. They show exceptional smartness when trained.
13. How did the researchers conduct the study?
A. By referring to existing studies and data.
B. By comparing animals’ cognition ability.
C. By questionnaire surveys on dog owners.
D. By observing different animals’ behaviors.
14. What do we infer about cats from the last paragraph?
A. Cats can use tools to fish.
B. Cats can go home from far away.
C. Cats can learn to do complex tasks.
D. Cats are more unwilling to be trained.
15. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Cats are smarter than they were.
B. Dogs aren’t so clever as we think.
C. Any animal is smart and trainable.
D. All animals should be treated equally.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述根据科学研究和实验表明，狗不像人们认为的那样更聪明，也并不比其他动物聪明。
12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段In the long dispute over whether dogs are smarter than cats, a recent study published in the journal Learning & Behavior suggests that dogs are no more exceptional than other animals when it comes to smartness and intelligence. 在关于狗是否比猫聪明的长期争论中，最近发表在《学习与行为》杂志上的一项研究表明，在聪明和智力方面，狗并不比其他动物更例外。由此可知，这项研究表明狗并没有什么智力方面的优势，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句Researchers set out to test the supposition (假设，猜想). They compared dog cognition with members of three similar groups: meat-eating animals, social hunters and farm animals. 研究人员开始测试这一假设。它们将狗的认知与三个类似群体的成员进行了比较：食肉动物、社会猎人和农场动物。由此可知，研究人员是通过对比狗和其他动物的认知能力来进行研究的，故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段And cats? They have more in common with dogs than one might think. Still it is much easier to show intelligence in dogs because they like to be trained.还有猫？ 他们和狗的共同点比人们想象的要多。然而，在狗身上表现出智慧要容易得多，因为它们喜欢被训练。因为猫和狗的共同点比较多，但是，狗却表现的更聪明，是因为狗喜欢被训练，由此推断猫不太喜欢被训练，故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章描述以及最后一句Dogs are not smarter than they are supposed to be, given what they are. 考虑到狗的特点，它们并不比人们认为的更聪明，由此可以总结为文章的中心就是描述狗并不像我们想象的那么聪明，故选B。
【点睛】定位关键词适用于解答细节理解题。通过定位关键词解题，考生在阅读题干时，把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划记出来，或者选项中的关键词，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。如小题1题干中的recent study，可以回到原文的第一段当中去，根据文章第一段In the long dispute over whether dogs are smarter than cats, a recent study published in the journal Learning & Behavior suggests that dogs are no more exceptional than other animals when it comes to smartness and intelligence. 在关于狗是否比猫聪明的长期争论中，最近发表在《学习与行为》杂志上的一项研究表明，在聪明和智力方面，狗并不比其他动物更例外。由此可知，这项研究表明狗并没有什么智力方面的优势，故选B。
第二节（共 5 小题；每题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nowadays, people tend to take a selfie (自拍照) wherever they are. However, not all of them can take a perfect selfie. ___16___ So we’re going to give you tips on how to get a perfect one.
● Use several devices (设备). Before you can even think about uploading (上传) a selfie on your social networking site, you need to decide which device to use in the first place. Although there are many devices you can use to take a selfie, the best one is a smart phone with front and back cameras. But it doesn’t mean that your other devices can’t come in handy. ___17___ In the end, all that matters is how well you practice and can get the right shots.
● Catch good lighting and the background. To get a great selfie, you have to pay close attention to the lighting and background. If you’re taking a selfie indoors, the best place to be is facing a window or door where natural light is shining right on your face. This really brightens up the picture. ___18___
● Aim for untraditional shots. Try taking a selfie with your pet. ___19___ One great thing about the selfie is that you don’t need to wait for the right time or place. You can reach out for your camera at once, make a pose, and get a rocking selfie.
● ___20___ Relax, enjoy, click—these are the three basic rules you need to follow.
A. Try to avoid the serious face.
B. Pretend to be very happy all the time.
C. Taking a selfie needs practice and skills.
D. You remember to show your best smiles there.
E. For an outdoor selfie, face the sun to make it work.
F. You just have to understand how each of them works.
G. It’s interesting to see what kind of expression it will give.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. E 19. G 20. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何拍出一张完美的自拍照的几点建议。
16题详解】
空前说并不是所有人都能拍出一张完美的自拍照，空后又说给你一些如何拍出一张完美的自拍照的建议，此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，既要对应上文提到的自拍话题，又要引出下文介绍的如何拍出一张完美的自拍照的建议，故C项（自拍需要练习和技巧）符合语境。
【17题详解】
空前说虽然有很多设备可以用来自拍，但最好是带有前后摄像头的智能手机，但这并不意味着其他设备派不上用场，空后又说重要的是你练得越好，你拍的也就越好，这说明你要了解每个自拍设备的工作原理，故F项（你只需要了解它们是如何工作的）符合语境。
【18题详解】
空前说如果在室内自拍，你最好是面对窗户或门，这样自然光就会正好照在脸上，这会让画面更加明亮，此处介绍的是另一种情况——在户外自拍时的光线问题，故E项（对于户外自拍，面对阳光让光线更好）符合语境。
【19题详解】
空前说试着和你的宠物一起自拍，此处解释原因，G项中的“it”指代的就是前面的“your pet”，故G项（看看它会给出什么样的表情是很有趣的）符合语境。
【20题详解】
空后说自拍时你要放松，也就是说你要避免严肃的表情，故A项（尽量避免严肃的表情）符合语境。
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
One day, the sewer line (污水管道) under our house burst open. My first reaction was to ___21___ the pipe repairer, but when he heard what was on, he ___22___ . He did, however, recommend someone. I made the call, ___23___ the man to complain about such a terrible job. ___24___ , he simply asked, “The ___25___?”
And that was it. An hour later, Steve arrived in his truck. He looked exactly like what I had imagined: rough and bearlike. I ___26___ as he walked down into the wet depths. A few moments later he ___27___ , saying, “Yep. It’s broken.”
“Can you fix it?” I asked with a mixture of doubt and ___28___.
Steve looked at me as if scolding me for lack of ___29___, saying, “Sure.” Then he told me that he ____30____ to tear up the street to the main sewer line.
“How long will all this take?” I asked.
“I should have it done by evening.”
I didn’t ____31____ to watch the digging. All I wanted was to leave, go somewhere, and upon my ____32____, have everything the way it was before the damage. I felt somewhat ____33____ upon driving off in my clean vehicle, leaving Steve such a (n) ____34____ task. I went into town and visited a few friends. ____35____, around 6 pm, my curiosity got the better of me. I went home, and there was a sweeter ____36____ I never saw: an area of newly-covered street across my front lawn (草坪). I opened the underground room door and — all was____37____ and dry.
I sat down and thought about Steve — big and rough Steve, and how people, upon seeing him, might judge him. His good job taught me a lesson: Never judge people by their ____38____ . And I was taken by the very idea that, whatever might happen to a(n) ____39____ homeowner, there is somebody who is skilled in its solution. If that’s not a reason for ____40____, I’m not sure what is.
21. A. visit B. call C. ask D. remind
22. A. apologized B. refused C. complained D. shouted
23. A. requiring B. telling C. forcing D. expecting
24. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Again D. Then
25. A. direction B. payment C. address D. problem
26. A. remained B. watched C. hesitated D. followed
27. A. arrived B. stayed C. nodded D. appeared
28. A. hope B. anxiety C. pleasure D. disappointment
29. A. wisdom B. strength C. trust D. energy
30. A. used B. failed C. struggled D. needed
31. A. decide B. volunteer C. want D. agree
32. A. return B. repair C. check D. arrival
33. A. nervous B. comfortable C. relaxed D. guilty
34. A. dangerous B. dirty C. urgent D. meaningless
35. A. Surprisingly B. Thankfully C. Eventually D. Fortunately
36. A. situation B. place C. environment D. sight
37. A. warm B. tidy C. new D. empty
38. A. appearance B. job C. voice D. action
39. A. helpless B. careless C. fearless D. harmless
40. A. celebration B. consideration C. appreciation D. excitement
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. B 38. A 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者家的污水管道破裂，一位管道工虽然给人的第一印象是粗野的，但却一丝不苟地帮作者修好了管道，并且将狼藉一片的修理现场收拾得干净整洁。为此作者感激不尽，并懂得了“人不可貌相”这个道理。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的第一反应就是打电话给管道工。A. visit参观；B. call打电话；C. ask问；D. remind提醒。根据上文作者家的污水管道破裂，及下文的heard和I made the call可知，应该是给管道工“打电话”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当他听到发生了什么，他拒绝了。A. apologized道歉；B. refused拒绝；C. complained抱怨；D. shouted喊叫。根据下文的He did, however, recommend(推荐) someone.可知，第一个管道工拒绝了作者修理水管的请求，而向作者推荐了另一个人。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打了电话，猜想那个人会抱怨这是多么糟糕的工作。A. requiring要求；B. telling告诉；C. forcing迫使；D. expecting猜想，期待。第一个管道工听说污水管道破裂了，便拒绝维修，显然是又嫌脏又嫌累，所以作者在给第二个管道工打电话时，“猜想”此人会像第一个人那样抱怨工作的脏累。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他只是问，“地址？”A. Instead相反；B. Therefore因此；C. Again又，再；D. Then然后。作者猜想此人会像第一个人那样拒绝她，但结果不是这样，他没有拒绝作者，而是同意了作者的请求。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他只是问，“地址？”A. direction方向；B. payment支付；C. address地点；D. problem问题。根据下文的An hour later, Steve arrived in his truck可知，此人同意了作者的请求，并问了作者的地址。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着管道工下到污水管道潮湿的深处。A. remained保持；B. watched看；C. hesitated迟疑不决；D. followed跟着。污水管道在地下，水管工来了后肯定是要先下到污水管道里检查一下，作为房屋主人，作者应该是在旁边看着管道工下到污水管道干活。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，他出现了，说：“是的。它坏了。”A. arrived到达；B. stayed逗留；C. nodded点头；D. appeared出现。污水管道在地下，所以管道工下去后作者会看不到他，再过一会他检查完出来后会“出现”在作者面前。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你能修好吗？”我带着怀疑和希望地问。A. hope希望；B. anxiety焦虑；C. pleasure乐意；D. disappointment失望。根据Can you fix it?和句中的mixture可推断，作者既怀疑又希望该管道工能胜任工作。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：史蒂夫看着我，好像在责备我缺乏信任，说：“当然。”A. wisdom智慧；B. strength力量；C. trust信任；D. energy能量。根据上文a mixture of doubt中的doubt可推断作者对管道工的不信任。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我说需要把地面刨开到污水主管道那。A. used使用；B. failed失败；C. struggled斗争；D. needed需要。根据上文管道工所说的It’s broken可知，此处指管道破损严重，需要把地面刨开到污水主管道那。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想看挖掘工作。A. decide决定；B. volunteer志愿；C. want想，要；D. agree同意。根据下文All I wanted was to leave, go somewhere可推断，作者不想看挖掘工作。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只想离开，去某个地方，在我回来的时候，把一切都恢复到破坏前的样子。A. return返回；B. repair修理；C. check检查；D. arrival到达。上文提到All I wanted was to leave，此处应选return来和上文的leave相照应，指作者希望一回来就能看到一切都恢复到挖掘前的样子。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我开着干净的车离开时，我有点内疚，给史蒂夫留下了一个如此肮脏的任务。A. nervous紧张的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. relaxed放松的；D. guilty内疚的。根据upon driving off in my clean vehicle, leaving Steve such a(n) 14 task可知，作者开着干净的车走了，留下管道工一人做着又脏又累的工作，由此可推断作者的内疚之情。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我开着干净的车离开时，我有点内疚，给史蒂夫留下了一个如此肮脏的任务。A. dangerous危险的；B. dirty脏的；C. urgent紧急的；D. meaningless没有意义的。根据修理污水管道这种工作的性质，以及上文的such a terrible job可知，该工作是脏的。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，下午6点左右，我的好奇心占了上风。A. Surprisingly惊讶地；B. Thankfully感激地；C. Eventually最后；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据上文I should have it done by evening和I went into town and visited a few friends可知，作者在外待了很久，最后到了下午6点，作者回家了。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我回到家，看到了我从未见过的更美好的景象：穿过我家前面草坪的新修的街道。A. situation形势；B. place地方；C. environment环境；D. sight景象，视野。下文的an area of newly-covered street across my front lawn. I opened the underground room door and — all was... and dry是作者所看到的景象。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我打开了地下室的门——一切都很整洁和干燥。A. warm温暖的；B. tidy整洁的；C. new新的；D. empty空的。上文提到管道工将挖过的地面重新铺好了，再根据下文的并列内容and dry可知，此处指因修理污水管道而弄脏弄乱的地面也被收拾干净了。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：人不可貌相。A. appearance相貌；B. job职业；C. voice声音；D. action行动。文章开头提到作者对管道工的第一印象是粗野、长得像熊一样，对管道工还产生过不信任，但没想到这样一个看似粗线条的男人却将工作完成得如此细致整洁、一丝不苟。由此可推断，作者此处学到的道理是：人不可貌相。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有了这样的一个想法，不管一个无助的房主会发生什么，总有一个人能熟练地解决问题。A. helpless无助的；B. careless粗心的；C. fearless无谓的；D. harmless无害的。污水管道破裂是作者所处理不了的，因此对她来说，这种情况下她是无助的。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果这不是感激的理由，我不知道是什么。A. celebration庆祝；B. consideration考虑；C. appreciation感激；D. excitement激动。管道工修理好了作者家的污水管道，作者显然是感激的。故选C。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第15小题，根据上文I should have it done by evening和I went into town and visited a few friends可知，作者在外待了很久，最后到了下午6点，作者回家了。A. Surprisingly惊讶地；B. Thankfully感激地；C. Eventually最后；D. Fortunately幸运地。句意：最后，下午6点左右，我的好奇心占了上风。故选C。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Eliud Kipchoge has become the first athlete___41___ (run) a marathon in less than two hours, ___42___ (beat) the record by 20 seconds. The Kenyan,34, covered the 26.2 miles in one hour 59 minutes 40 seconds in the Ineos 1:59 Challenge in Vienna, Austria___43___ 12 October. It will not___44___ (recognize) as the official marathon world record because it was not in an open ___45___ (compete) and he used a team of 42 pacemakers (领跑员). “This shows no one is limited,” said Kipchoge. “Now I’ve done it, and I am expecting ___46___ (many) people to do it after me.” Knowing he was about to make history, the pacemakers dropped back to let Kipchoge pass the line alone. The four-time London Marathon winner ___47___ (hug) his wife Grace, grabbed ___48___ Kenyan flag and was surrounded by his pacemakers, including many of the world’s best middle and long-distance runners. Kipchoge’s coaches delivered him water and energy food by bike, while___49___ (normal) the athletes are only permitted to pick refreshments up from a table in official marathons. These aids are not allowed under the rules of the IAAF(国 际田联), ____50____ is why it will not recognize this achievement as the official marathon world record.
【答案】41. to run
42. beating
43. on 44. be recognized
45. competition
46. more 47. hugged
48. a 49. normally
50. which
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自肯尼亚的运动员Eliud Kipchoge首次冲破了马拉松比赛2个小时的大关，但因为规则上的限制，国际田联并没有认可其为新的世界纪录。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Eliud Kipchoge已成为第一位马拉松比赛跑进2小时的运动员，超过了之前的纪录20秒。这里run作后置定语修饰athlete，run和athlete之间是主动关系且athlete被序数词the first修饰，要用不定式。故填to run。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Eliud Kipchoge已成为第一位马拉松比赛跑进2小时的运动员，超过了之前的纪录20秒。这里beat the record作前句的状语，beat与主语Eliud Kipchoge之间是主动关系，要用现在分词形式。故填beating。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：这位34岁的肯尼亚人，在10月12日于奥地利维也纳举行的Ineos 1:59挑战中用1小时59分40秒就跑完了26.2英里。在具体的某月某日前，要用介词on。故填on。
【44题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：这不会被认定为正式的马拉松世界纪录，因为它没有出现在公开的比赛中。分析句子可知，主语it（指代Eliud Kipchoge跑出的成绩）与recognize之间应该是被动关系，表示“被承认”，且置于情态动词后be动词要用原形。故填be recognized。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：这不会被认定为正式的马拉松世界纪录，因为它没有出现在公开的比赛中。这里compete与冠词an和形容词open一起组成宾语，要用名词形式。故填competition。
【46题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：我期待更多的人能跟随我的脚步。前后句存在句意上的递进关系，Eliud Kipchoge希望的是有越来越多的人能像他一样打破2小时的大关，要用more来表示“更多的”。故填more。
【47题详解】
考查时态。句意：这位四届伦敦马拉松冠军得主拥抱了他的妻子Grace，抓着一个肯尼亚国旗。文章主时态为一般过去时，这里hug的动作发生在过去，也要用一般过去时。故填hugged。
【48题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这位四届伦敦马拉松冠军得主拥抱了他的妻子Grace，抓着一面肯尼亚国旗。这里表示“一面国旗”，泛指，要用不定冠词。故填a。
【49题详解】
考查副词。句意：而正式比赛中运动员正常来说只能从桌子上自己拿饮料。这里作状语修饰整个句子，要用副词形式。故填normally。
【50题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些场外援助是不为国际田联的规则所允许的，这就是为什么他的纪录没有被认定为正式的马拉松世界纪录。分析句子结构可知，这里使用非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句的内容，这时要用关系代词which在从句中作主语。故填which。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
I was lucky enough to study abroad as an exchange student, but this allowed me to improve my language skills and found out more about the local culture. It was my active participation (参与) which helped me make the friends in a foreign country. Instead staying in my room, I got out of the house so as not to be homesick. I’ll never forget the times when I first went camping with my friends. I also tried something entire new such as a dance class and a walking club. In addition, I tried to make my voice hearing. As a result, everyone wanted to know something about myself and I made much good friends!
【答案】第一处：but→and
第二处：found→find
第三处：which→that
第四处：去掉friends 前的the
第五处：在Instead后加of
第六处：times→time
第七处：entire→entirely
第八处：hearing→heard
第九处：myself→me
第十处：much→many
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在国外作交换生的经历。
【详解】第一处：考查连词。句意：我很幸运的去国外做了交换生，这不仅提高了我的语言能力，也让我更多的了解了当地的文化。分析句子可知，前后两句为并列关系，应用and，故将but改为and。
第二处：考查动词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，found out和improve并列接在不定式之后，应用动词原形，故将found改为find。
第三处：考查固定句型。句意：我的积极参与帮助我在国外结交了很多朋友。分析句子可知，It is/was+被强调的部分that+其他为强调句型，本句符合强调句，去掉It is It is/was… that，句子仍然成立，并且句意完整，故将which改为that。
第四处：考查固定短语。句意：同上。分析句子可知，结交朋友为固定短语，make friends，故去掉friends 前的the。
第五处：考查固定短语。句意：我没有呆在自己的房间里，而是走出了家门，以免想家。分析句子可知，这里中的代替为固定短语instead of，后接动名词，故在Instead后加of。
第六处：考查名词。句意：我永远不会忘记我第一次和朋友去露营的时候。分析句子可知，这里中times指的是次数，而我们本句中的意思是指时间，故将times改为time。
第七处：考查副词。句意：我还尝试了一些全新的东西，比如舞蹈课和步行俱乐部。分析句子可知， 这里entire修饰形容词new作状语，应用副词，故将entire改为entirely。
第八处：考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，我试着让别人听到我的声音。分析句子可知， 本句中的hearing作make的宾语补足语，和修饰语之间为被动关系，故将hearing改为heard。
第九处：考查代词。句意：因此，每个人都想了解我，我交了很多好朋友。分析句子可知， 这里的myself作know about的宾语，应用宾格形式，故将myself改为me。
第十处：考查形容词。句意：同上。分析句子可知， 这里much修饰名词friends，而friends为复数形式，应用many，而much修饰不可数名词，故将much改为many。
第二节：书面表达（满分 25 分）
52.假定你是李华，你校的“英语角社团”想邀请你校外教Smith参加本周末的活动。请你给他写封邮件。内容包括：
1. 邀请参加；
2. 主题：京剧（Peking Opera）；
活动形式：自由交流；
3. 时间和地点。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
Dear Smith，
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Smith，
I am delighted to know you are into Peking Opera. Now I’m writing to invite you to our next English Corner, whose topic is Peking Opera.
As an old and noble art form, Peking Opera is considered our national opera. I think it great fun to learn to sing it. We are to meet on Sunday afternoon in the First Lecture Hall of our school, which is very beautiful. We will have a free talk from 3:00 pm to 5: 00 pm. What’s more, I advise you to go to the Internet to look up some information about Peking Opera in advance so that we can better talk to each other.
Would you like to join us? Please do let me know.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封邮件邀请外教Smith参加本周末“英语角社团”的活动。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1. 邀请参加；
2. 主题：京剧（Peking Opera）；
活动形式：自由交流；
3. 时间和地点。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
be delighted to；invite sb. to somewhere；have a free talk；advise sb. to do sth.；look up；in advance
第三步：连词成句
1. I am delighted to know you are into Peking Opera.
2. Now I’m writing to invite you to our next English Corner,
3. We will have a free talk from 3:00 pm to 5: 00 pm.
4. I advise you to go to the Internet to look up some information about Peking Opera in advance so that we can better talk to each other.
(根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。）
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last, Last but not least
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also), including, also
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although + clause (从句), In spite of + n/doing, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
5表换一种方式表达：In other words, that is to say,
6.表进行举例说明：For example; For instance; such as + n/doing
7.表陈述事实：In fact, frankly speaking
8.表选择：either…or…，or
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，结构严谨，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如which is very beautiful这句话中用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，如so that we can better talk to each other这句话中用了so that引导的目的状语从句；使用了非常好的短语，如be delighted to，invite sb. to somewhere，advise sb. to do sth.，in advance等，为文章增色不少；并注意了句子的衔接，如What’s more。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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