内蒙古鄂尔多斯市第一中学2020届高三第四次调研英语试题

2019年高三年级上学期第四次月考
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 本试卷分笔试和听力两个部分。考生先作答笔试部分（21小题开始），然后作答听力部分（1-20小题）。答卷前。考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、座位号、试卷类型（A或B）涂写到答题卡上。本试卷满分150分。
2. 考生将笔试部分答案写在英语不是答题卡上（打卡），听力部分答案写在英语听力答题卡上（小卡上）。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
I work as the reception manager at my hotel.
A booking came in a few weeks ago with a note attached that a guest would be travelling with her deaf father. This note helped us in preparing for their arrival. As they would be here for a number of days, his daughter wanted to make his trip to Ireland as smooth as possible.
Upon seeing this note and knowing I would be the one to check them in, I decided to learn some very basic sign language. I greeted the guest in my usual fashion, asking for the surname on the booking. Once I heard the name，I immediately realized who was standing in front of me.
I had been learning for two weeks how to say: “Welcome to Ireland. My sign language is terrible, but please, if you need anything during your stay, just let me know and we will help you.”
I smiled at the father and daughter in front of me. Turning to the father, I greeted him in ASL (American Sign Language) and began the bit I had learned for him. His daughter broke down crying and told me I was sweet. But the father just smiled and was so happy. Honestly, seeing his reaction was enough for me. It was absolutely worth the last few weeks of learning basic ASL.
Sadly, I wasn’t working the day they checked out, but they left a gift for me, a small box with some chocolates and a book on ASL. Inside was a note saying: “Thank you very much for what you did. My father has been in amazing spirits from the time you checked us in and insisted we get you a gift before we left. You have no idea how much this meant to my father and me, and we can’t thank you enough. You've made his trip very special with one simple gesture.”
I cried for a solid five minutes when I came into work the next day and found this gift in my locker.
1. The daughter left a note when booking the hotel in order to __________.
A. ask for special service for herself
B. give some useful advice to the hotel
C. express gratitude to the hotel manager
D. make her father’s trip more comfortable
2. The daughter cried when they checked in because __________.
A. the author’s sign language was really terrible
B. her father was unwilling to live in that hotel
C. she appreciated what the author had done for her father
D. the author wouldn’t be working when they checked out
3. Seeing the father’s reaction during check-in the author probably felt __________.
A. thankful B. satisfied
C. disappointed D. regretful
4. From this passage, we can know that __________.
A. the author made the daughter’s check-out smooth
B. the author was deeply moved by an unexpected gift
C. the daughter cried for five minutes before they left
D. the daughter asked the author to learn sign language
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文作者回忆了接待一对父女来爱尔兰旅游，帮助他们登记的故事，因为那位父亲是个聋哑人，执着专门学了手势语"欢迎来爱尔兰"，结果那位父亲对于作者的接待很满意，走得时候还送给作者礼物，并给经理写信，希望给作者加薪。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句As they would be here for a number of days, his daughter wanted to make his trip to Ireland as smooth as possible.（由于他们要在这里呆几天，他的女儿想让他的爱尔兰之行尽可能顺利。）可知，女儿在预订旅馆时留下了一张便条，以便让父亲的旅行更舒适。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段His daughter broke down crying and told me I was sweet. But the father just smiled and was so happy.可知当他们登记入住时，女儿哭了，女儿情绪失控的原因是作者的细心体贴感动了她，这让她的爸爸很开心。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段Honestly, seeing his reaction was enough for me. It was absolutely worth the last few weeks of learning basic ASL.（老实说，看到他的反应就足够了。最后几周的ASL基础学习绝对值得。）可知，看到这位爸爸很开心，作者感到了他的付出是很值得的；因此看到父亲在入住时的反应，作者可能感到很满足。故选B。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段I cried for a solid five minutes when I came into work the next day and found this gift in my locker.（第二天上班时，我在储物柜里发现了这件礼物，哭了整整五分钟。）可知，作者受到这份特殊的礼物后很感动；故选B。
【点睛】细节理解题大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改写，意思不变。如换一个同义词，把否定改为肯定，把肯定改为否定等。如第二小题，根据第五段His daughter broke down crying and told me I was sweet. But the father just smiled and was so happy.可知当他们登记入住时，女儿哭了，女儿情绪失控的原因是作者的细心体贴感动了她，这让她的爸爸很开心。故选C。
B
Osaka, Japan—Defending champions China lifted the FIVB Women’s Volleyball World Cup trophy（奖杯）with perfect 11 straight wins after easing past Argentina 3-0 here on Sunday. With their eleventh win at the 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women’s World Cup, China won the FIVB Women’s Volleyball World Cup.
This year, the World Cup has been played across different cities, and Team China had training sessions even on traveling days when some participating teams chose to rest up after a tiring flight.“Coach Lang focuses on details of the technique in the training sessions, and I feel our team has become more balanced.” Captain Zhu Ting said. This firm approach explains how China managed to turn the table against the United States at the World Cup. Never quit, especially in adversity. That’s what the spirit of Chinese women’s volleyball means.
When the team struggled, Zhu was always there, doing whatever was needed to carry the team forward. That’s why she has become a national volleyball icon, just like “Iron Hammer” Lang. As for Lang, she took over the flag from her former coach Yuan Weimin, who was behind China’s rise in the beginning. From coach Yuan to coach Lang, and spiker（主攻手） Lang to spiker Zhu, the flag bearers may have changed over time, but the craving for championships and the steely desire and determination remain the same.
Volleyball is a team sport and behind the on-court team there is always a supportive coaching team and staff. Lai was one of the members, shouldering responsibilities as both vice director of China’s Volleyball Management Center and as assistant coach. Apart from coordinating between coaches and players, Chinese coaches and foreign coaches and sometimes within Chinese coaches, she also has to do chores. During Rio 2016, assistant coach Yuan Lingxi headed for the arena（竞技场）at 6am every day to film the matches and would return to the Olympic Village at 2am when he would start analyzing China’s opponents and file reports. There are many Lais and Yuans that are not known by the public, but who remain indispensable for the team to overcome difficulties and reach their peak.
5. What does the spirit of Chinese women’s volleyball mean according to paragraph 2?
A. Being a special team. B. Sticking to the end.
C. Winning every game. D. Training hard every day.
6. Why does Zhu Ting become a national volleyball icon?
A. She wins many awards in the World Cup.
B. She keeps strong desire and determination.
C. She takes lots of training after the tiring flight.
D. She does almost everything to help the team forward.
7. What does the author intend to convey in the last paragraph?
A. Hard work is vital in volleyball matches.
B. The coach has a great influence on players.
C. The staff behind the on-court team is also essential.
D. Understanding opponents is necessary to win the game.
【答案】5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
本文是一篇新闻。卫冕冠军中国队以3:0战胜阿根廷队,以11连胜夺得了国际排联女子排球世界杯奖杯。永不放弃是中国女排精神所在。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第2段最后一句Never quit, especially in adversity. That’s what the spirit of Chinese women’s volleyball means可知，中国女排精神的含义是：永不放弃，尤其是在逆境中。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第3段When the team struggled, Zhu was always there, doing whatever was needed to carry the team forward. That’s why she has become a national volleyball icon可知，队长朱婷成为排球偶像是因为当球队拼搏时，朱婷总是跟他们站在一起，并且做一切事情来带领球队前进。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第4段第一句Volleyball is a team sport and behind the on-court team, there is always a supportive coaching team and staff和最后一句There are many Lais and Yuans that are not known by the public, but who remain indispensable for the team to overcome difficulties and reach their peak.可知，作者认为排球是一项团队运动。在场上球队的背后，还有支持他们的教练团队和员工。作者举出两名助理教练赖亚文、袁灵熙的例子，说明有很多像他们这样的人，是球队克服困难和达到顶峰所不可缺少的。故选C项。
C
Valentine's Day is supposed to be about love and romance. But unfortunately, it can be just the opposite. Because of that, Feb. 15th starts the busy season for divorce lawyers, as people who were unhappy with their marriages heading into the day often decide that they no longer want to be with the one they used to love.
A study of divorce filings (档案) in New York, Illinois and California by AttorneyFee. com, a legal referral (推荐) site, found that February is the busiest month of the year for divorce filings, up about 18% from the average month. And those seeking referrals for a divorce lawyer on the site increase 38% following the holiday, with the biggest rise on the day after Valentine’s.
Another legal site, Avvo. com, reports a 40% increase in those seeking information and advice about divorce in the period right after Valentine’s Day.
“There's a very large number of people who are considering the divorce all the time, deciding whether or not to file," said Richard Komaiko, a co-founder of AttorneyFee. “On Valentine’s Day, this thing is carefully considered.”
Komaiko said February has factors other than the holiday that could lead to an increase in divorces. January is the busiest month of the year for bankruptcy (破产) filings, highlighting the financial problems that often divide couples. In addition, the cold weather of February can keep couples that are having trouble indoors and closer to each other, adding to problems.
But Alton Abramowitz, president of the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers, believes the holiday itself often worsen the relationship for couples who are having trouble. "There’s always the clients who come in a day or two after saying ‘I can’t believe it. I made this beautiful dinner for my husband for Valentine’s Day, but he called to say he was stuck in the office and then didn't come home at all.’" Abramowitz said, “the day can create problems that lead to them finally getting caught."
8. What makes Valentine’s Day convey the meaning opposite to love and romance?
A. Valentine's Day won't bring people love and romance.
B. Many divorce filings change the nature of Valentine's Day.
C. Couples having troubles tend to break up after Valentine's Day.
D. Divorce lawyers dislike the atmosphere of Valentine's Day.
9. According to the study made by AttorneyFee. com, divorce filings are ________.
A. occurring most after the new year B. less connected with Valentine's Day
C. more likely to be handled online D. at the height of popularity in February
10. People intending to divorce may make use of Valentine’s Day to ________.
A. reflect on the divorce B. take legal action
C. make negotiations D. put the divorce aside
11. According to Komaiko why do divorces grow in number in February?
A. Because financial problems and cold weather may bring more problems.
B. Because the long winter holiday makes couples hard to get through.
C. Because the husband is too busy with work to spend the day with his wife.
D. Because Valentine’s Day gets couples into financial trouble.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. A
【解析】
本文是说明文。情人节本该是爱和浪漫的日子，但是在2月份，离婚申请增加，咨询离婚律师的人也增多。除了假期的原因之外，每年1月份是申请破产最忙的一个月，夫妻之间出现财务问题；2月份寒冷的天气让夫妻在室内呆的时间更长，这些都增加了提出离婚申请的机率。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第1段people who were unhappy with their marriages heading into the day often decide that they no longer want to be with the one they used to love可知，情人节本该是关于爱和浪漫的日子，但是在情人节那天因为那些对自己的婚姻感到不愉快的人往往会决定不再想和他们曾经爱过的人在一起，在情人节后分手。因此推断有问题的夫妇在情人节之后往往会分手。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第2段February is the busiest month of the year for divorce filings, up about 18% from the average month. And those seeking referrals for a divorce lawyer on the site increase 38% following the holiday, with the biggest rise on the day after Valentine’s （2月份是一年中提交离婚申请最忙的月份，比平均月份增长了约18%。而那些在网站上寻求离婚律师推荐的人在假期后增加了38%，这是情人节后的最大涨幅）可知，2月份在情人节后提交离婚申请达到高峰期。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第4段There's a very large number of people who are considering the divorce all the time, deciding whether or not to file 和On Valentine’s Day, this thing is carefully considered可知，有很多人一直在考虑离婚。在情人节的时候，可以慎重考虑是否提交离婚申请。reflect on 思考。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第5段January is the busiest month of the year for bankruptcy (破产) filings, highlighting the financial problems 和 the cold weather of February can keep couples that are having trouble indoors and closer to each other, adding to problems可知，2月份离婚率增加有两个原因： 一月份是一年中申请破产最忙的一个月，凸显了夫妻间的财务问题；2月的寒冷天气让有问题的夫妻呆在室内时间更长，距离更近，从而增加了问题。故需选A项。
D
Rescue workers had collected 820 birds from the Gulf of Mexico oil spill, the majority of them already dead. The current spill promises to be the largest in US history, and as cleanup efforts stretch across the summer, it's clear that more oiled birds will be found, stuck and suffering in the black stick liquid. And as they do with every oil spill, rescue workers will go to great lengths to capture and clean the survivors hoping to restore them to their natural habitat.
Is it worth the effort? Some scientists aren’t so sure. Because the stress of being captured and bathed is as significant as the horror of being immersed in oil, and because research suggests that many rescued birds die shortly after being released, some experts say euthanasia (安乐死) is a more humane option.
Clean bird feathers repel water (防水) and regulate body temperature while dirty ones don't. Oil in particular makes feathers heavier and decreases their ability to trap air, which in turn makes birds weak and become easier to drowning, overheating and organ damage. Of course, being captured and cleaned is no picnic either. Some birds wind up returning to their destroyed habitats only to fall victim to the oil again. And those who manage to avoid a second oil bath suffer dramatically shortened life spans (跨度) and lower reproductive success. Of the thousands of birds that were rescued from the Prestige oil spill off the coast of Spain in 2002, only 600 were released into the wild; most of the rest died after just a few days in captivity.
However, bird rescuers say they have learned a lot about how to best help oil-soaked birds, and that therefore, survival rates stand to increase this time around. In the past, birds were cleaned right away, and volunteers often worked through the night bathing rescued birds. But now, captured birds are left to rest for a day or two before being cleaned, and only washed during the day, so as not to disrupt their circadian (生理的) rhythms. But part of that increase may be due to greater selectivity on the part of rescuers. The workers do blood tests right in the field now and birds that are loaded with hydrocarbons (碳氢化合物) or don’t look like they’re going to make it are put down right away, rather than subjected to the stress of captivity and cleaning.
And so far, while release rates may be improving, there is little evidence of better medium or long-term survival, especially for the more-difficult-to-save species. There still aren’t good protocols (协议) for repairing the internal organ damage. Anyway, rescue efforts will continue in large part because the public demands that. Euthanasia is a difficult thing to do, especially for people who have built their lives around saving animals.
12. Why do some scientists doubt the effort to rescue oiled birds?
A. Because it has cost too much time and money.
B. Because human may be infected with the bird virus.
C. Because it is torture followed by death to birds.
D. Because migrant birds may broaden the pollution.
13. The case of Spain coast spill is mentioned to indicate ________.
A. thousands of birds were polluted by oil
B. the survival rate of oiled birds was very low
C. the efforts to rescue oiled birds were ineffective
D. captivity is an impractical method to rescue binds
14 Why do the survival rates of oiled birds increase?
A. Oiled birds are kept in warm water for one or two days
B. The second cleaning of the oiled birds in daytime is not permitted
C. The rescuers often select the birds that are likely to survive
D. Hydrocarbons are removed to rescue the oiled birds
15. Why does oiled birds' rescue remain a controversial problem?
A. Oiled birds’ internal organ damage is permanent.
B. Euthanasia is a difficult and heart-aching operation.
C. The more-difficult-to-save species will die by cleaning.
D. The rescue is oiled birds’ suffering while seeing them die is cruel.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文。在石油泄露事件中，有很多鸟儿在石油中被粘住，遭受苦难。救援人员尽最大努力援救它们。但是科学家们质疑救援工作是否值得。一方面，获救的鸟儿经历了被捕获、被清理的痛苦之后还是会死去，存活率很低；另一方面，对鸟儿进行安乐死也是很多人不能接受的。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段"because research suggests that many rescued birds die shortly after being released"因为研究表明许多获救的鸟类在被释放后不久就死亡了。因此，科学家们怀疑自己在救鸟儿时作的努力可能是白费了，结合选项，故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第3段Of the thousands of birds that were rescued from the Prestige oil spill off the coast of Spain in 2002, only 600 were released into the wild; most of the rest died after just a few days in captivity（在2002年从西班牙海岸的Prestige石油泄漏事故中获救的数千只鸟类中，只有600只被放生到野外；其余大部分在被关在笼中短短几天后死亡）。根据这些数据可知，被浸在石油中的鸟儿即使获救，他们的存活率也很低。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第4段的part of that increase may be due to greater selectivity on the part of rescuers. The workers do blood tests right in the field now and birds that are loaded with hydrocarbons (碳氢化合物) or don’t look like they’re going to make it are put down right away可知，获救的鸟儿存活率将会上升的部分原因可能是由于救援人员方面的做出了更大选择。工人们对获救的鸟儿做血液测试，那些身上满是石油或看起来不会活下来的鸟儿立刻被放弃了。工人们选择性地抢救那些有存活可能的鸟儿。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第5段while release rates may be improving, there is little evidence of better medium or long-term survival和rescue efforts will continue in large part because the public demands that Euthanasia is a difficult thing to do, especially for people who have built their lives around saving animals 可知，一方面虽然释放率在提高，但是几乎没有证据表明被释放的鸟儿生存状况更好；另一方面，救援工作仍将继续，因为安乐死是一件困难的事情，特别是对于那些从事拯救动物的工作的人来说。所以是否救这些被油浸过的鸟儿还是一个有争议的问题。援救那些鸟儿，对于鸟儿来说也要遭受痛苦，而看到它们的死去也是很残忍的。故选D项。
【点睛】
细节理解题解题策略，首先找到关键词，然后定位文章，最后对比选项。在找答案的过程中要注意原文的细节。以小题1为例，找到关键词rescue oiled birds，定位在文章第二段"because research suggests that many rescued birds die shortly after being released"因为研究表明许多获救的鸟类在被释放后不久就死亡了。因此，科学家们怀疑自己在救鸟儿时作的努力可能是白费了，结合选项，故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。
Today’s students are surrounded by information. The ability to figure out exactly why authors write—and not accept every opinion as fact—is a key skill. ___16___ The following strategies teach them how to figure out why authors really write.
Start with why. “Why did the author write this piece?” is the key question asked to identify author’s purpose. To help students expand their understanding of “why,” post various types of nonfiction (an advertisement, opinion article, news article, etc.) around your classroom and have students quickly identify a purpose for each. ___17___
Talk about structure. Authors use different structures for different purposes. For example, one author may use time order to explain an event, while another author uses compare and contrast to put that event into context.
___18___Often when authors write, they’re trying to get readers to feel a certain way. Perhaps the author of an article about whale conservation wants readers to feel sad about the difficult situation of whales. Or the author of a letter may want to make the recipient feel better about a situation. After students read a text, stop and ask: How do you feel? And how did the author get you to feel this way?
Connect it to students’ own writing. It doesn’t have to be said that writing and reading go hand in hand. ___19___ When students are asked to write about a topic that they think everyone should know about, to explain a procedure or to share a personal memory, they’ll become more conscious of how authors approach writing.
Observe how purpose changes within a text. Author’s purpose is often studied through the text as a whole, but authors have different reasons for writing within texts as well. ___20___ Then, they may launch into a list of facts that make the reader feel discouraged about the situation. And finally, they may conclude with an appeal. Take a short article and break it apart, identifying the different purposes so that students see how author’s purpose changes as they read.
A. Get to the heart.
B. Identify the topic.
C. The readers may get more advanced in their work with informational text.
D. For example, an author may include a funny anecdote (轶事) to draw the reader in.
E. In particular, they'll need to figure out author’s purpose and draw their own conclusions.
F. Expand students' awareness of why people write by having them write for different purposes.
G. Or keep a running Author's Purpose board with a list of the various reasons that authors write.
【答案】16. E 17. G
18. A 19. F
20. D
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章作者介绍了如何找出作者真正写作原因的策略。
【16题详解】
考查承上启下句。根据前句The ability to figure out exactly why authors write—and not accept every opinion as fact—is a key skill.明确作者写作目的，并且不把每个观点当成事实，是一项关键能力，和后句The following strategies teach them how to figure out why authors really write. 下面的策略教他们如何找出作者真正写作的原因，可知，学生需要弄清楚作者的意图并得出自己的结论。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据文章首句Start with why. “Why did the author write this piece?” is the key question asked to identify author’s purpose.弄清作者写作目的，和空前一句提及到的具体的操作方法，可知，这里与前句是并列关系，其内容也是具体的办法。故选G。
【18题详解】
考查本段主题句。根据后句Often when authors write, they’re trying to get readers to feel a certain way. 当作者写作时，他们常常试图让读者有某种特定的感觉，后文反复提到feel这个词，让学生挖掘自身的感受，并思考作者是如何让人产生这种感受。对应这A选择项中的heart。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据前句It doesn’t have to be said that writing and reading go hand in hand. 写作和阅读是相辅相成的，和后句When students are asked to write about a topic that they think everyone should know about, to explain a procedure or to share a personal memory, they’ll become more conscious of how authors approach writing.当学生被要求写一个他们认为每个人都应该知道的话题，解释一个过程或分享个人记忆时，他们会更清楚作者是如何写作的，可知，这里都提及到读与写之间的关系，提出要以写作促进阅读。所以，这里为：通过让学生为不同的目的写作来提高他们对写作原因的认识。故选F。
【20题详解】
考查承上启下句。根据前句Author’s purpose is often studied through the text as a whole, but authors have different reasons for writing within texts as well. 作者的写作目的通常是通过文本整体来研究的，但作者在文本内部写作的原因也不尽相同，和后句Then, they may launch into a list of facts that make the reader feel discouraged about the situation. 然后，他们可能会列出一系列事实，让读者对这种情况感到气馁。所以这里为：例如,作者可能包括一个有趣的轶事来吸引读者。故选D。
Part 3：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As I stood at the base of the mountain range beside a remote African village, the male villagers all repeated the same question: Are you certain you want to climb the mountain?
It had___21___been climbed by local and foreign men, and local women, but a Western female, who had___22___ unaccompanied and wanted to climb the mountain, was quite ___23___
I explained that I'd been___24___for some time-in research and in physical strength-and showed them the___25___I had got from their government authorizing my climb.I stressed that Id be very___26___to keep their local traditions and hire one of their villagers as a guide, but it seemed to do little to reduce their___27___
The male villagers told me that the"quick mud"I' d meet would swallow me.While they couldn’t remember anyone this bad actually___28___, they seemed convinced it was a real ___29___.The village women,however ,smiled at me, indicating their___30___for my climb.
The men___31___relaying stories of unpredictable danger.However, I was___32___ because my aunt's words kept ___33___in my ears-the greatest risk is not taking a risk, and we should always ___34___our dreams.
Eventually, the men agreed to a(n)___35___that seemed to put them at ease with my climb.Besides the local guide I'd hire, they also___36___ me to hire three men guards with guns, for protection.
As I started walking down the dirt path toward the mountain, I was___37___not only by my new mountain support team, but also by every village woman.While two women walked hand-in-hand with me, the others danced in circles around us as if in ___38___of a victory.
I knew I wasn’t the first Western female to make the climb.But with the women villagers___39___accompanying me, I felt a strong sense of ___40___.And I suspected they felt the same.
21. A. formally B. fortunately C. especially D. surely
22. A. achieved B. wandered C. arrive D. explored
23. A. rare B. typical C. disgusting D. ridiculous
24. A. consulting B. attempting C. preparing D. operating
25. A. reward B. invitation C. command D. permit
26. A. generous B. pleased C. curious D. regretful
27 A. concerns B. thrills C. surprises D. problems
28. A. belonged to B. appealed to C. led to D. happened to
29. A. bargain B. possibility C. promotion D. dilemma
30. A. fancy B. support C. reason D. disagreement
31. A. finished B. enjoyed C. continued D. suggested
32. A. determined B. annoyed C. delighted D. embarrassed
33. A. alarming B. ringing C. breaking D. exploding
34. A. observe B. realize C. strengthen D. follow
35. A. exchange B. connection C. explanation D. arrangement
36. A. warned B. refused C. advised D. reminded
37. A. joined B. expected C. frightened D. teased
38. A. celebration B. search C. possession D. defence
39. A. carefully B. boringly C. proudly D. patiently
40. A. relief B. accomplishment C. justice D. guilty
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. A 39. C 40. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者独自来到一个偏远的非洲村庄，想要攀登附近的一座大山，男村民们都极力反对，不过女村民都表示支持。作者之所以下定决心是因为她姑姑的话一直在她耳边回响——最大的风险是不去冒险，我们要追随自己的梦想。最终，男村民们也表示同意，作者在村民们的欢呼中出发了。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：它肯定被当地男人、外国的男人、以及当地的女人爬过的，但是一个西方女人独自来到这里，想要爬上这座山，这是非常罕见的。A. formally正式地；B. fortunately幸运地；C. especially特别；D. surely当然。根据根据下文中的but a Western female...可推知这座山肯定是由当地男人、外国的男人、女人以及当地的女人爬过的，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它肯定是由当地男人、外国的男人以及当地的女人爬过的，但是一个西方女人独自来到这里，想要爬上这座山，这是非常罕见的。A. achieved实现；B. wandered徘徊；C. arrive到达；D. explored探索。根据下文wanted to climb the mountain可知是一个西方女人独自到达这里。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它肯定是由当地男人、外国的男人以及当地的女人爬过的，但是一个西方女人独自来到这里，想要爬上这座山，这是非常罕见的。A. rare罕见的；B. typical典型的；C. disgusting厌恶的；D. ridiculous可笑的。根据根据上文中的but及unaccompanied可知，作者作为一名女性，独自来到这里想要爬山，这是相当罕见的。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我解释说，我已经准备了一段时间——在研究和体能方面——并向他们展示了我从他们的政府那里获得的攀爬许可证。A. consulting咨询；B. attempting企图；C. preparing准备；D. operating操作。根据下文in research and in physical strength可知作者在研究和体能方面已经准备了一段时间，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我解释说，我已经准备了一段时间——在研究和体能方面——并向他们展示了我从他们的政府那里获得的攀爬许可证。A. reward报酬；B. invitation邀请函；C. command命令；D. permit许可；允许。根据下文I had got from their government authorizing my climb可知是从政府获得的许可。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我强调说，我很乐意保持当地的传统，聘请他们的一位村民作为向导，但这似乎无助于减轻他们的担忧。A. generous大方的；B. pleased高兴的；乐意的；C. curious好奇的；D. regretful后悔的。根据下文to keep their local traditions and hire one of their villagers as a guide可知作者很乐意保持当地的传统。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我强调说，我很乐意保留当地的传统，聘请他们的一位村民作为向导，但这似乎无助于减轻他们的担忧。A. concerns关心；担忧；B. thrills激动；C. surprises惊喜；D. problems问题。根据下文The male villagers told me that the "quick mud" I' d meet would swallow me.可知村民们很担心作者。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然他们不记得这样糟糕的事情发生在谁身上过，但他们似乎相信这是真的。A. belonged to属于；B. appealed to吸引；C. led to导致；D. happened to发生。根据上文they couldn’t remember anyone this bad actually可知他们不记得发生过这样糟糕的事情，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们不记得这样糟糕的事情发生在谁身上过，但他们似乎相信这是真的。A. bargain交易；B. possibility可能性；C. promotion升职；D. dilemma困境。根据上文they seemed convinced it was a real可知他们似乎相信这是真的。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，村里的妇女对我微笑，表示她们支持我攀登。A. fancy幻想；B. support支持；C. reason理由；D. disagreement不同意。根据上文The village women, however ,smiled at me, indicating their可知妇女对作者微笑以表示支持作者的行为。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：男人们继续讲述难以预料的危险故事。A. finished完成；B. enjoyed欣赏；C. continued继续；D. suggested建议。根据上文可知男人不支持作者爬山，因此继续讲述危险故事。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我下定了决心，因为姑妈的话一直在我耳边回响——最大的风险就是不去冒险。A. determined坚决的；下定决心的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. delighted高兴的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据下文可知作者下定决定要爬这座山。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我下定了决心，因为姑妈的话一直在我耳边回响——最大的风险就是不冒险。A. alarming令人惊恐的；B. ringing响起；C. breaking打破；D. exploding爆炸。根据下文in my ears可知姑妈的话一直在作者耳边回响。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们应该永远追随我们的梦想。A. observe观察；B. realize意识到；C. strengthen加强；D. follow追随。根据上文可知姑妈鼓励作者追随梦想。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，他们同意了一项安排，这似乎让他们对我的攀登感到放心。A. exchange交换；B. connection连接；C. explanation解释；D. arrangement安排。根据下文hire three men guards with guns, for protection可知村民们做了另一项安排。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了我要雇的当地导游，他们还建议我雇三个带枪的保镖来保护自己。A. warned警告；B. refused拒绝；C. advised建议；D. reminded提醒。根据下文hire three men guards with guns, for protection可知村民建议作者雇三个带枪的保镖来保护自己。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我开始沿着土路往山上走的时候，我不仅得到了新的山地支援小组的支持，也得到了村里每一个妇女的支持。A. joined加入；支持；B. expected期待；C. frightened害怕；D. teased嘲笑。根据下文not only by my new mountain support team, but also by every village woman可知作者得到了山地支援小组和村里每一个妇女的支持。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当两个女人手拉手和我一起走的时候，其他人围着我们跳舞，好像在庆祝胜利。A. celebration庆祝；B. search搜索；C. possession财产；D. defence防御。根据下文a victory可知是庆祝胜利，短语in celebration of“庆祝”，故选A。
【39题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但在女村民们自豪的陪伴下，我感到了一种强烈的成就感。A. carefully仔细地；B. boringly无趣地；C. proudly自豪地；D. patiently耐心地。根据上文I knew I wasn’t the first Western female to make the climb.可知女村民们为作者感到自豪。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在村民们自豪的陪伴下，我感到了一种强烈的成就感。A. relief安慰；B. accomplishment成就；C. justice 正义；D. guilty内疚。短语a sense of accomplishment“成就感”，故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese high-speed railways are a very comfortable way to travel. They are clean, quiet and_____41_____(efficiency). China _____42_____ (lead) other developing countries and even some developed ones in this field since the first high-speed train came into use in 2008.
The stations are _____43_____ (main) built outside the town center, but local transport has been lengthened _____44_____ (connect) the high-speed network. The _____45_____ (facility) on the train are new and the staff are well trained. Even the second class chairs provide plenty of space. The passages are wide and you can move easily, not _____46_____ (disturb) anyone. You can use your mobile phone or work on your laptop, having access ____47____ the Internet. There is also a restaurant car, though the kinds of food ____48____ (be) limited. The toilets arc large, clean and user-friendly too. The train almost doesn’t rock. Even when the train brakes, you can hardly feel it shake.
What’s more, with a faster check-in, the high-speed trains are also _____49_____ (little) affected by weather than planes. Seldom are _____50_____delayed or cancelled for weather condition. Therefore, they have become the first choice for many passengers.
【答案】41. efficient
42. has led
43. mainly 44. to connect
45. facilities
46. disturbing
47. to 48. are
49. less 50. they
【解析】
本文是说明文，介绍了一种非常舒适的旅行方式——高速铁路。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它们干净的、安静的并且高效的。and是并列连词，前面的clean, quiet都是形容词，应用efficiency的形容词形式，故填efficient。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：自2008年第一列高速列车投入使用以来，中国在这一领域领先于其他发展中国家，甚至一些发达国家。since“自从”，常与现在完成时连用；lead 是不规则动词，过去式led,过去分词led。故填has led。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：这些车站主要建在城镇中心以外。修饰过去分词built用副词,故填 mainly 。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但当地的交通已经延长，以连接高速铁路网络。此处用不定式作目的状语， 故填to connect。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：高铁上的设施很新，工作人员受过良好的培训。所填空在句子中作主语，根据谓语动词are 可知,主语应该用复数形式，故填 facilities。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：通道很宽，你可以轻松地走动，而不会打扰任何人。句子的谓语动词是can move，故此处用非谓语动词作状语，disturb与逻辑主语you是主动关系，故用现在分词做状语。故填disturbing 。
【47题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：你可以使用手机或在笔记本电脑上工作，可以访问互联网。短语have access to有使用/进入….的权利/机会。故填to。
【48题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：还有一节餐车，尽管食物种类有限。句子主语的中心词是the kinds, 谓语动词应该用复数形式，故填 are。
【49题详解】
考查副词。句意：高铁也比飞机更少地受到天气的影响。根据后面的than可知little 应该用比较级，little的比较级是less，最高级是least，故填less。
【50题详解】
考查倒装。句意：他们很少被推迟或因天气原因被取消。否定副词seldom置于句首，句子应该用部分倒装，将助动词are提前, 所填空为句子的主语, 根据下一句they have become the first choice可知应填they指代上一句出现的the high-speed trains。故填they。
Part 4写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文；请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I used to be very addicted to computer games that I had little time to study and thus fall behind. My parents were extreme worried about me. It was what my English teacher said helped me out. She told me to have my own goal of life, otherwise your future would be hopeless. She said computer games were fun and they would not guarantee for me a bright future. Finally, I realized I must set up a goal and fight for them. At present, whenever I have an urge to playing computer games, I would think of my goal and regain my strength to study immediately.
【答案】1.very→so
2.fall→fell
3.extreme→extremely
4.said后加that
5.your→my
6.and→but
7. guarantee后的for 去掉
8.them→it
9.playing→play
10.would→will
【解析】
【分析】
本文是记叙文。过去我常常沉迷于电脑游戏。老师的话鼓励了我，使我树立了目标并且为之努力。
【详解】1.考查固定结构。句意：我过去是如此沉迷于电脑游戏以致我很少把时间花在学习上。so …that意为：如此…以致。故very改为so。
2.考查时态。and是并列连词，连接并列的谓语 had little time 和 fall behind，根据had可知fall应用一般过去时,故 fall改为fell。
3.考查副词。修饰形容词 worried 用副词，故extreme改为extremely。
4.考查强调句型。句意：是我的英语老师所说的话帮助我摆脱了困境。what my English teacher said helped me out是完整的句子，what引导主语从句，根据前面的It was可分析是强调句型，结构为It was…. that/ who…, 强调what my English teacher said，指事情，故said后加that。
5.考查代词。句意：她告诉我要有自己的生活目标，否则我的未来将会是毫无希望的。前半句是my own goal of life，故 your改为my。
6.考查连词。句意：她说电脑游戏很有趣，但是它们不能保证我有一个光明的未来。根据句意，前后应该是转折的关系，故and改but。
7.考查固定短语。短语guarantee sb. sth... 保证某人…；guarantee me a bright future意为：保证我有一个光明未来，故去掉guarantee 后的for。
8.考查代词。句意：我意识到我必须树立一个目标，并且为之努力。前面的a goal是单数, 用it 指代。故them 改为it。
9.考查固定短语。短语have an urge to do …. 有做……的欲望/冲动, to后接动词原形,故playing改为play。
10.考查时态。句意：每当我有想玩电脑游戏的冲动时，我就会想起我的目标，马上就又有了重新学习的力量。在whenever引导的时间状语从句中，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，故would改为will。
【点睛】强调句型
强调句型基本结构为：It is...that(who)... ,构成强调句的it本身没有词义, that/ who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。 正确使用这一结构应注意以下几个方面的问题：
1.判断是否是强调句型的方法：将 It is 和that/ who去掉后,句子可以还原成一个完整的句子。
It was at midnight that he returned home. 是在半夜他回到家。
（将It was和that去掉，句子可还原为一个完整的句子 he returned home at midnight）
2.这种强调结构除了不能强调动词外，可以强调其他成分如主语、宾语、宾补、状语 。
I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.
强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.
3.被强调部分指人时用that，who均可，指事物或情况时用that ；被强调的是时间或地点状语时不用when，where 。
It was because of bad weather that the football match had to be put off.
是因为天气不好，足球赛不得不推迟。（强调原因状语because of bad weather , 用that）
It was last year that he got the medal.是在去年他赢得了奖牌。
（强调时间状语last year，不用when, 用that）
It was in Greece that Olympic competitions firstly started. 奥林匹克竞赛首先是在希腊开始的 。（强调地点状语in Greece，不用where, 用that）
4.被强调的代词格应与原句一致;被强调的部分如果是原句的主语，who(that)后的谓语在人称和数上应与原句的主语一致。
It is him that I want to visit.我想拜访的是他。（him在原句中是宾格，）
比较：
（1）It is he who is to blame for the accident. 是他应该为这起事故负责任。（he是原句的主语， 谓语动词用is ）
（2）It is you who are to blame for the accident. 是你应该为这起事故负责任。（you是原句的主语， 谓语动词用are ）
5.not ... until ... 句型的强调句
句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分。
He didn't go to bed until his wife came back.
强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
注意：句型中It is/ was not ... 已经是否定句，that后面的从句要用肯定句，不再用否定句。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Peter想了解中国近四十年发生的变化以及人们对中国未来发展的期待。请你给他回邮件，内容包括四十年来人们：
1. 居住环境的变化；
2. 出行方式的变化；
3. 对中国未来发展的期待。
注意:1.词数100左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Lihua
【答案】Dear Peter,
In your last e-mail you said you wanted to learn about the changes in Chinese people’s life in the past 40 years. Since China opened its door to the world, life has become much more convenient.
Let’s take living conditions and means of transportation for example. 40 years ago, most people in China lived in small houses where winter is cold and long. Now people live in large houses equipped with heating systems. Bicycles used to be the main means of transportation. while , nowadays, private cars have become household items. In the future, Chinese people will keep pace with the latest science and technology development.
I hope you can come and see what China is like in person someday.
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文, 写一封邮件。
【详解】第一步：
审题: 应用文 邮件
人称：第三人称为主
时态： 一般过去时、一般现在时
2、结构： 总分法，分三部分，第一部分说明写邮件的目的，第二部分中国近40年来变化的具体例子，
第三部分希望Peter能到中国亲自看一看这些变化。
要点：
1. 说明写邮件的目的
2．中国近40年来变化的具体例子
①居住环境：过去住小房子，现在住在大房子里；
②出行方式：过去自行车是主要交通工具，现在私家车很普遍；
③对中国未来发展的期待：希望中国人跟上最新的科学技术的发展；
3．希望Peter能亲自来中国看一看。

第二步：列提纲（重点词汇、短语 ）
the changes in； in /during the past 40 years; convenient；take … for example ; living conditions ; means of transportation ; be equipped with ; used to ; private cars ; household items; keep pace with
第三步：连词成句
1.You wanted to learn about the changes in Chinese people’s life in the past 40 years.
2.Life has become much more convenient.
3.Take living conditions and means of transportation for example.
4. Now, people live in large houses equipped with heating systems.
5.Bicycles used to be the main transportation.
6.Private cars have become household items.
7.Chinese people will keep pace with the latest science and technology development.
根据提示和关键词进行遣词造句,适当地运用句型，注意时态和主谓一致问题。
第四步：连句成篇(衔接词)
表示时间顺序： First of all; to begin/start with ,In the beginning
Firstly....Secondly.... Lastly / Finally/ In the end
表示举例：such as , for example , for instance , like , take …for example
表示并列或补充关系： what is more; besides , moreover , apart from;
in addition, as well as；not only…but(also), meanwhile , in the meantime, some...some…others
表示转折对比关系：but , however, although , though , yet , while
on one hand…on the other hand ...,
表示因果关系：because, as , therefore, As a result , as a consequence , consequently , thus
连句成文，运用恰当的衔接词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使句与句之间逻辑性更强、
段与段之间结构清晰。
【点睛】范文要点全面，结构清晰，层次分明，上下文连贯，在表达时用到了很多高级词汇，如 the changes in…某方面的变化；in /during the past 40 years在过去40年里; much more convenient更方便、更便利； take … for example 以…为例; living conditions生活条件 ; means of transportation交通方式 ; be equipped with配备、装备 ; used to过去常常; private cars私家车; household items家居用品; keep pace with 跟上，不落后于 ;复杂句式的运用提升了文章层次，如 时间状语从句Since China opened its door to the world, life has become much more convenient；使用过渡句 Let’s take living conditions and transportation for example 衔接上下段落；过去分词作定语large houses equipped with heating systems; while表示对比：while, nowadays，private cars have become household items。