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2020届陕西省宝鸡中学高三质量检测一英语试题 （解析版）
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2020年陕西省宝鸡中学高三质量检测
英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
A
University of Cambridge has several funds to support university athletes. Full information can be found below:
TASS-The Talented Athlete Scholarship Scheme
Launched in April 2004, TASS is designed to help promising young athletes who want to balance their sporting ambitions with a University or college education.
If you would like to be considered for the TASS Scheme, please contact your National Governing Body to see if you are eligible. You can find out more about TASS here.
UCAPP-University of Cambridge Athlete Performances Programme
UCAPP was set up in 1985 thanks to the kind generosity of Mark Hanson, who was a Modern Pentathlete during his time at Cambridge.
This programme aims to provide core services that any high-performance athletes would benefit from including Lifestyle Management, Physiotherapy, Strength and Conditioning, Nutrition Advice, Sports Psychology Support and Gym Membership.
To find out more information, please click here.
The Eric Evans Fund
The Eric Evans Fund was set up in 1996. The Fund is intended to support students who wish to improve their personal sporting performance beyond University level, or to enable them to undertake qualifications in connection with officiating, coaching or the administration of sport.
The fund is managed by the Director of Sport and two other persons appointed by the Sports Committee. If you still have any further question, please send an e-mail to the Managers.
The Hawks Charitable Trust
The Trust was established in January 1996 with a relatively small capital donated by some of the members to provide financial help to current Cambridge University students, male and female, whose sporting activities were being held back by financial problems.
For more information on this Trust, including the qualifications required for application, please see the Hawks Website.
1. What is special about UCAPP?
A. It favors the promising young athletes.
B. It requires no qualifications.
C. It is intended for high-performance athletes.
D. It helps to improve students’ personal sporting performance.
2. How can you get more information about the Eric Evans Fund?
A. By visiting the website.
B. By sending an e-mail.
C. By going to the director’s office.
D. By giving a telephone call to the message.
3. Which programme will you favor if your club needs money for a sport game?
A. TASS B. UCAPP
C. The Eric Evans Fund D. The Hawks Charitable Trust
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了剑桥大学４个赞助校园运动员的基金会的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段This programme aims to provide core services that any high-performance athletes would benefit from可知这个项目旨在提供核心服务，让任何技术高的运动员可以从中获益。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段If you still have any further question, please send an e-mail to the Managers可知如果需要进一步了解可以发邮件。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由倒数第二段to provide financial help to current Cambridge University students, male and female, whose sporting activities were being held back by financial problems可知The Hawks Charitable Trust这个项目给目前在剑桥大学的有经济困难的学生，不论男女，提供经济支持。故选D。
【点睛】在做有小标题的阅读时，可以用“找读”的办法，省时而且准确。比如第一小题根据题干中的UCAPP和special可以找到答案区域在第四段，而后可以找到正确选项C。
B
I’m going to be completely honest. I have no idea how I ended up with this opportunity, I have no idea what I’m doing, but I am very happy to be here.
Last summer a friend tagged me in a Facebook post from BBC Earth and encouraged me to apply to the BBC Presenter Search 2018. The assignment was easy and hard, make a video shorter than 60 seconds where you talk about something in science you think is cool. Simple concept, but for me it was challenging as I want to talk about bryophytes(苔藓植物) forever (which is slightly longer than 60 seconds).
So I decided to make an attempt. I was going to make a 60 second video about sphagnum(水苔), commonly known as peat moss and uncommonly known as an unsung climate hero. Sphagnum is the plant genus that holds the most carbon in the world, it slowly builds up its carbon storage over hundreds of thousands of years and if undisturbed, they never let go of the carbon they gathered.
Making a short video on this was hard because I wanted to include everything. And it became even harder as I had no one to hold the camera. I tied my camera to the scrawniest little tree, swinging in the wind as a bird tried to chase me away from the mud. This chaos ended up as the video “Why sphagnum is awesome” on my channel. I submitted the video, but didn’t dare to write in the description section of the video that it was a submission, because I never imagined that I could win!
But I did.
I waited two months before I could tell people that I had won the search, and when the news came out, I received the most attention I’ve had in my entire life.
No matter your background, whether you want to pass the time or pass an exam, I really hope you enjoy the video!
4. What can we infer about the author from paragraph 1?
A. She is uncertain about the result. B. She gets used to telling people lies.
C. She is unable to achieve the goal. D. She knows much about the ending.
5. Which of the following is NOT true about sphagnum?
A. It can form its carbon storage in a very slow way.
B. It is universally recognized as an unknown climate hero.
C. It won’t release the carbon without being disturbed.
D. It contains a large amount of carbon.
6. The underlined word “scrawniest” in Paragraph 4 probably means ___________.
A. weakest B. strongest
C. shortest D. most energetic
7. What can we learn from the author’s story?
A. She shows great interest in filming the video.
B. Her knowledge helps overcome all the difficulties.
C. Her attitude and hard work pay off eventually.
D. She is more than delighted to gain the most attention.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己敢于突破，不畏困难参加短视频大赛，制作关于水苔的短视频，并在充分准备但不期待最好结果的前提下，最终赢得比赛的经历。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段I have no idea how I ended up with this opportunity, I have no idea what I’m doing, but I am very happy to be here可知，作者不知道自己在这样的机会下，是怎么做到的，也不知道自己在做什么，但很开心可以出现在这里。从作者的描述中可以看到作者对结果不确定。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段sphagnum(水苔), commonly known as peat moss and uncommonly known as an unsung climate hero可知水苔通常被当成泥煤苔（peat moss），而很少被当成被埋没的气候英雄。B选项意为水苔作为气候英雄被知晓，与文章的表达相反。故选B。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。由I tied my camera to the scrawniest little tree, swinging in the wind可知作者把摄像机系到一棵随风摇动的树上，说明这课树并不高大，而是弱小的。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。文中作者知道拍摄30秒的视频很难，但依然认真拍摄且投稿，并最终获奖，说明作者态度和努力工作最终得到了回报。故选C。
【点睛】在做词义猜测题时，学生要学会在文章中找帮助理解的语句，并根据语境分析出正确答案。比如第3小题，要猜测的单词与tree在一起，后面还有一个swinging in the wind的伴随状语说明树的情况，就可以根据这个句子猜出能随风摇动的树不大，就可以选出A。
C
Online live streaming(直播) is big business nowadays, making huge profits and attracting hundreds of millions of viewers. In addition to adults, this rapidly expanding industry is now drawing underage live streamers, who are not of legal age. According to a report by the Sina Weibo Data Center, live streamers aged 11—16 accounted for 12 percent of all streamers in China. The figure has been rising still, while streamers are getting younger.
It has been found that a large number of underage streamers are drinking, smoking or even exposing to attract viewers. In the best case, live streaming will affect children’s schoolwork and waste their precious youth. In the worst case, they will develop bad values and an improper outlook, which will damage their future.
“Webcasts (web broadcast) are suspected of having a hotbed of improper program. Particularly, the involvement of underage streamers in this industry is making the situation more complex” said Mao Jianguo from Southern Metropolis Daily.
Some legal experts recently issued a report on protection of the children in the cyberspace(网络空间), suggesting that those under 14 should be restricted from independently live streaming and posting videos online.
However, it is unwise and impossible to totally reject all underage streamers but it's necessary and even urgent to standardize the underage webcast sector.
Fortunately, some webcast companies have said that they will not allow streamers under the age of 18 and online live streamers must register by using their ID. However, the reality is that many underage streamers choose to avoid that by using the IDs of adults, who also go through the face scanning required for conditions. All this means that to block underage streamers from webcasting, it’s not enough to depend on their self-discipline.
Parents should tell their children about the disadvantages of getting involved in live streaming so that children develop an objective attitude toward live streaming. Adults should not lend their IDs to children to register for live streaming. And the watchdogs must patrol(巡逻) webcast platforms more actively and remove all unauthorized videos of underage streamers.
8. What are the first and second paragraphs mainly about?
A. A new industry of live streaming came into being.
B. Online live streaming has been a social concern.
C. Teenagers are curious about live streaming recently.
D. Online live streaming is increasingly popular and bringing bad effects.
9. According to Mao Jianguo’s words, we can indicate__________.
A children’s live streaming is the root of all the social problems
B. webcasts contribute to the unhealthy trend in underage live streaming
C. webcasts are less likely to cause more social problems
D. webcasts are the main causes of many youth problems
10. What do we know about standardized measures mentioned in the text?
A. Children shall never use a webcast without the IDs.
B. Self-discipline is an effective way to stop underage streaming.
C. Parents should guide the children to use webcasts properly.
D. Watchdogs’ duty is to stop children from live streaming.
11. What is the best title of the text?
A. A Full Ban against Children’s Live Streaming
B. The Attraction to Children by a Rapidly Expanding Industry
C. Different Opinions about Underage Live Streaming.
D. An Appeal for Keeping Watch on Underage Live Streaming
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章是关于未成年人参与网络直播的现象。文章指出未成年人直播有极大的消极影响，相关部门也出台了一些措施加以限制，但还不能从根本杜绝。也给出了一些建议，如父母、成人和网络巡警都应该共同努力。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。从一段可知网络直播年龄年轻化趋势加强，由成人延展到未成年人。由第二段可知未达到年龄的直播者喝酒、抽烟甚至有不良的价值观，所以说明网络直播变得流行且不良影响明显。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“Webcasts (web broadcast) are suspected of having a hotbed of improper program. Particularly, the involvement of underage streamers in this industry is making the situation more complex”可知网络直播是不适当节目的温床。尤其是未达到年龄的直播者的加入加剧了这种情况。所以网络直播导致了未成年人直播中的不良趋势。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段Parents should tell their children about the disadvantages of getting involved in live streaming so that children develop an objective attitude toward live streaming可知父母应该告知孩子网络直播的不足，让孩子对直播有客观的认识。即父母应该引导孩子正确使用直播。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章着重突出未成年人网络直播的弊端，并给出了解决的一些方法，比如父母引导、政策规定和法律限制等，即呼吁大家关注未成年人直播。故选D。
【点睛】概况主旨的办法通常是看首尾找主题句，若无明显主旨句就要通过关键词来概括。比如第一小题，第一段中的According to a report就意味着可以找到这一段的中心了。
D
Most squirrels don’t hibernate(冬眠). Instead, they store food for the cold season and spend the winter in their nests. But the 13-lined ground squirrel, one species of squirrel in the U.S. Midwest, is not the case. For up to 8 months, the tiny mammals won’t eat or drink anything at all and the heart rate, metabolism(新陈代谢), and body temperature dramatically drop during their long rest, which is similar to bears and other hibernating animals.
To find out how the hibernating squirrels hold back their thirst, a powerful force that could potentially wake them up, and researchers measured the blood fluid of dozens of squirrels. Generally, a high blood concentration(血液浓度) makes animals, including humans, feel thirty. The sleeping squirrels' blood concentration was low, preventing them from waking up for a drink. Even when researchers woke up the torpid squirrels, they wouldn’t drink a drop until the team artificially increased the concentration of their blood serum.
Next, the researchers wanted to know how the squirrels’ blood concentration dropped so low. Perhaps the squirrels drank a lot of water before hibernation to dilute(稀释) their blood, the researchers thought. But when they filmed squirrels preparing for their winter snooze, they found the animals actually drank less water than they normally did.
Instead, chemical tests revealed the squirrels regulate their blood concentration by getting rid of electrolytes(电解质)like sodium and other chemicals like glucose and urea and storing them elsewhere in the body (possibly in the bladder), the researchers reported last month in Current Biology. The finding could also explain how other hibernating animals stay containing water.
This new knowledge might one day help humans with conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病), or astronauts who have launched on long space flights. Unfortunately, even if people can figure out how to drop their blood concentration, it’s unlikely they’ll ever be as cute as sleeping squirrels.
12 What do we know about the 13-lined ground squirrels?
A. They don’t hibernate like many other squirrels.
B. They are endangered species in the U. S. Midwest.
C. They can live for months without water during hibernation.
D. Their heart rule and body temperature are extremely abnormal.
13. The hibernating squirrels don' feel thirsty because of their___________.
A. high blood concentration B. low blood concentration
C. low body temperature D. high heart rate
14. Hibernating squirrels adjust their blood concentrations by_____________.
A Drinking much water before hibernation
B. Not eating anything during hibernation
C. Drinking less water than they normally do
D. Removing certain chemicals and storing them somewhere
15. What is the author’s attitude towards the new findings?
A. Objective B. Positive
C. Disappointing D. Uncaring
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种冬眠的松鼠，地松鼠。它以将电解质从血液中换到其他地方储存的方式来降低血液浓度，而这项发明可能用于治疗糖尿病等人类疾病。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段For up to 8 months, the tiny mammals won’t eat or drink anything at all可知，地松鼠可以多达8个月不吃不喝。即地松鼠冬眠时可以数个月不喝水。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段a high blood concentration(血液浓度) makes animals, including humans, feel thirty可知血液浓度高促使动物包括人类感到口渴，由此可以推断出冬眠的松鼠不口渴是因为血液浓度低。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由倒数第二段chemical tests revealed the squirrels regulate their blood concentration by getting rid of electrolytes(电解质)like sodium and other chemicals like glucose and urea and storing them elsewhere in the body可知，化学测试表明松鼠调节血液浓度是通过将电解质转移至身体其他部位储存的方式进行的，即移走某种特定的物质即电解质，并储存到其他地方。故选D。
【15题详解】
观点态度题。由最后一段可知这项发现可以用来治疗糖尿病或者帮助长时间在太空站的宇航员，有实际运用的价值，即作者对此持积极态度。故选B。
【点睛】科技型说明人题型考查学生两个方面的能力：第一、把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系．第二、把握微观信息间关联性，即空格前后句间关系。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Motivate yourself to be on time, and trick yourself into punctual(准时的) habits, with these tips.
Never explain why you're late. If you don't allow yourself to make excuses, you'll stop letting yourself off the hook. And you'll realize how often you've been handing out reasons as if everyone didn't already know them. There's a classic headline, "Woman Constantly Treating Herself for Once." Don't be "Person Constantly Delayed for This One Good Reason." ____16____ That's the decent thing to do.
____17____ If you're paid hourly, find out how much less you make when you clock in late. If you take more expensive modes of transportation, calculate the cost difference. See how much you spend each year on lateness.
Imagine being late to meet someone. ___18___ Think about the worst-case reaction they could have, whether that's frustration or a "not mad just disappointed" that makes you feel like a real dick. Now visualize being early. Think about the peace of mind as you wait for the other person. Think about standing from your seat and warmly greeting them, grandly forgiving their own lateness.
Think about your most chronically late friend or colleague. Gin up all the frustration you've ever felt with them, all the disdain. Wow, kind of harsh on your friend, but now think about other people feeling that way toward you. ___19___
Plan exactly what you'll do on your phone while you wait for everyone else to show up. ___20___ Get excited, not for the thing you're heading to, but for those five minutes alone before it starts.
A. So, avoid being late.
B. Feel the shame and the panic.
C. Promise not to be late frequently.
D. Calculate the expense of your lateness.
E. You will never be forgiven if you are often late.
F. Instead of focusing on causes, apologize for the effect of your lateness.
G. That’s the free time, like playing a mobile game with zero guilt.
【答案】16. F 17. D
18. B 19. A
20. G
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章是关于让自己守时，而且就怎么让自己做到守时给出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据前文"Woman Constantly Treating Herself for Once."，举例说女士经常用同一个理解解释迟到，告诫不要专注于解释原因，而要为迟到造成的后果道歉，这才是体面的做法。故选F。
【17题详解】
由下文If you're paid hourly, find out how much less you make when you clock in late可知如果你是按小时付费，你应该计算一下因为迟到你少赚了多少，即计算因为迟到造成的损失。故选D。
18题详解】
从Imagine being late to meet someone和Think about the worst-case reaction they could have可知，建议在迟到时想象一下迟到的场景，迟到会给对方带来什么，这会让你觉得羞愧。故选B。
【19题详解】
空白前面描述的是让你想想经常迟到的朋友给你造成的影响，希望你能推己及人，避免迟到。故选A。
【20题详解】
由Plan exactly what you'll do on your phone while you wait for everyone else to show up可知，你可以在等人的时候在手机上做一些计划，当然也可以趁此时间放松，因为这个时间是自由的，你可以没有负担的享受。故选G。
【点睛】该题型考察学生两个方面的能力：第一、把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系．第二、把握微观信息间关联性，即空格前后句间关系。
该题型选项大致可分为三类：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）；过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
Liz was quite excited these days. She was going to travel to Asia with her mom. Neither of them had ___21___ traveled out of the United States before. They were going to ___22___ to Hong Kong. They would travel on their cruise(乘船游览) ship to Shanghai and Beijing after ___23___ in Hong Kong for three days.
“Beijing is inland, so we have to ___24___ about a two-hour bus ride to get there from the port. I ___25___ the name of the port. Anyway, we’re going to ___26___ the Great Wall, the Tian’anmen Square, and the Forbidden City. It's going to be so ___27___!” she told her neighbor Jane.
From China, the cruise ship would go to Pusan in South Korea, and ___28___ to Tokyo. From Tokyo, they would ___29___ a flight back to Los Angeles.
“The trip is going to ___30___ three weeks. It's only going to ___31___ us about $ 2,800 each if we don’t ___32___ anything.” She laughed.
“I hope your trip is more ___33___ than mine was” said Jane. “I took a cruise to the Bahamas, ___34___ almost all the passengers got ___35___. I caught some kind of disease that made me ___36___ for almost three days. They ___37___ us a discount(折扣) that we could use on a ___38___ trip. No more cruising for me. That is really a pity.”
“We’ve ___39___ those things,” said Liz. “Mom and I are going to be ___40___ our hands every 30 minutes, and we’re bringing surgical masks with us.” Good preparations may help a lot in the travel and make it a pleasant and successful one.
21. A. ever B. never C. still D. also
22. A. walk B. ship C. fly D. drive
23. A. trying B. searching C. staying D. studying
24. A. know B. take C. look D. practice
25. A. leave B. choose C. forget D. call
26. A. find B. remember C. pass D. see
27. A. cool B. difficult C. terrible D. disappointed
28. A. sadly B. finally C. secretly D. simply
29. A. make B. miss C. meet D. catch
30. A. run B. prepare C. last D. stop
31. A. cost B. offer C. save D. give
32. A. visit B. shop C. meet D. show
33. A. important B. confusing C. funny D. helpful
34. A. if B. because C. but D. so
35. A. mysterious B. sick C. angry D. nervous
36. A. travel B. dream C. regret D. waste
37. A. refuse B. give C. cheat D. order
38. A. familiar B. normal C. future D. quick
39. A. heard about B. looked forward C. called back D. made up
40. A. watching B. washing C. using D. changing
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. B 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章中Liz给朋友介绍自己和妈妈亚洲之行的计划，她们计划乘船游览中国的香港、上海和北京，韩国釜山和日本东京等地。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她们以前都没去过美国以外的地方旅行。A. ever以前；B. never绝不；C. still仍然；D. also也。根据语境应该是Liz和妈妈以前都没去过亚洲。所以选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们会飞去香港。A. walk走；B. ship乘船；C. fly飞；D. drive驾车。根据上下文可知从美国来中国应该要乘飞机。所以选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在香港停留三天后我们会去北京和上海。A. trying尝试；B. searching寻找；C. staying停留；D. studying学习。根据语境应该是在香港停留之意。所以选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：北京是内陆城市，我们需要从港口坐两个大巴才能到。A. know知道；B. take花费；C. look看；D. practice练习。根据语境是花时间坐车。所以选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我忘了港口的名字。A. leave离开；B. choose选择；C. forget忘记；D. call。语境是说到由港口乘车到北京，但忘了港口的名字。所以选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们会去看长城天安门和紫禁城。A. find找到；B. remember记住；C. pass通过；D. see看。根据语境要填参观之意。所以选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这将会是非常酷的。A. cool 酷的；B. difficult困难的；C. terrible可怕的； D. disappointed失望的。上文说到要去很多地方，所以会很有意思。所以选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：离开中国后，我们还会去韩国釜山，最后会去日本东京。A. sadly难过地；B. finally最后地；C. secretly秘密地；D. simply仅仅，简单地。根据语境，结束中国之行后会再去韩国，而最后会去日本。所以选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。会赶去洛杉矶的航班。句意：A. make使；B. miss想念、错过；C. meet见面；D. catch抓住，赶上。根据语境应该是坐飞机，赶航班之意。所以选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。这趟旅行会持续三周。句意：A. run跑；B. prepare准备；C. last持续；D. stop停止。根据语境表示要填持续多长时间。所以选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：持续三周，但花销不大，如果我们不买东西的话。A. cost花费；B. offer提供；C. save救；D. give给。根据语境是消费、花费之意。所以选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. visit参观、拜访；B. shop购物；C. meet见面；D. show展示。根据上文可知此处表购物、买东西。所以选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：朋友希望Liz的旅行会有趣而不像自己之前的旅行。A. important重要的；B. confusing困惑的；C. funny有趣的；D. helpful有帮助的。从下文可知朋友的旅行并不愉快，所以希望Liz的旅行会有趣。所以选C。
【34题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我去巴哈马旅行，但所有的乘客都生病了。A. if如果；B. because因为；C. but但是；D. so因此。由下文可知这里是转折。所以选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我去巴哈马旅行，但所有的乘客都生病了。A. mysterious神奇的；B. sick生病的；C. angry生气的；D. nervous紧张的。由下文的disease可知这里是生病之意。所以选B。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我生病了，浪费了三天。A. travel旅行；B. dream梦想；C. regret后悔；D. waste浪费。由语境可知因为生病，所以有三天都没能享受旅行。所以选D。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们给我们可以在将来用的折扣。A. refuse拒绝；B. give给；C. cheat欺骗；D. order命令。根据语境填给。所以选B。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们给我们可以在将来用的折扣。.A. familiar相似的；B. normal正常的；C. future将来；D. quick迅速的。根据下文，我没能乘船游览，说明折扣以后才可以用的。所以选C。
【39题详解】
考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：我们听说了这件事。A. heard about听说；B. looked forward希望；C. called back回电话；D. made up弥补、组成。根据语境，此处表听说某事。所以选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和妈妈决定每30分钟洗一次手。A. watching看；B. washing 洗；C . using 使用；D. changing改变。根据语境此处表示洗手。所以选B。
【点睛】做完型填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空，所以，必须先通读才能了解文章大意。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。比如小题17和18，描述的是她的朋友在旅行中因病因病没能享受旅行，而这趟旅行里给的折扣要下一次才能用，所以很遗憾。最后答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词是否得当。
第二节
语法填空
From her remarkable work as former First Lady, to her influence on fashion and pop culture, Michelle Obama has become one of the most important women in the world.
In recent years, the hard work effort she put into social issues such as poverty, healthy living, and education ___41___ (become) widely known, but Michelle has always fought for important social issues. In 1988, she graduated from Harvard Law School in Massachusetts, ___42___ (make) her the third First Lady with a postgraduate degree. She then returned to her roots in Chicago, ___43___ she met her husband just one year later. In 1991, she gave up her law career ____44____ work in public service.
For the next several years, she directed various public ___45___ (program) for youths in education. She visited ___46___ (home) shelters and appeared at public schools to stress the importance of education. When her husband became president in 2009, she became the first African-American First Lady in American history. She ___47___ (public) supported healthy living, and she introduced healthier lunches at high schools across the country. Because of these appearances, Michelle became ___48___ fashion symbol, and her dresses ___49___ (feature) in many magazines. This is ___50___ many of her international fans appreciate most about her.
【答案】41. has become
42. making 43. where
44. to 45. programs
46. homeless
47. publicly
48. a 49. featured
50. why
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章是关于Michelle Obama的成功和成名之路的。
【41题详解】
考查谓语动词。become在句中是谓语动词，且句子的时间为In recent years，要用现在完成时态，故填has become。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。graduated是句子的谓语，所以make要用非谓语形式，前面she graduated from Harvard Law School in Massachusetts造成了后面的结果，所以用V+ing 做结果状语。故填making。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。Chicago在she met her husband just one year later中做地点状语，故填where。
【44题详解】
考固定搭配。give up A to B, 为了B放弃A。故填to。
【45题详解】
考查名词复数形式。program 是可数名词，根据various 可知用复数。故填programs。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。shelters是名词，需要形容词来修饰，根据上下文，应该是她去看望无家可归的人。故填homeless。
【47题详解】
考查副词。副词修饰supported。故填publicly。
【48题详解】
考查冠词。泛指一种象征，故填a。
【49题详解】
考查谓语动词。feature 做谓语，根据上下文可知用一般过去时态。故填featured。
【50题详解】
考查表语从句。做is 的表语，表原因，故填why。
【点睛】本题主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空。本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，如give up to；词类的转换，如publicly；名词的复数形式，如programs等。
第四部分 写作
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分, 满分10分)
51.文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
On the 70th anniversary of our motherland, my classmates and I shoot a video to celebrate it. The video was consisted of solo performances. I was one of the solo singer, and I had practiced hard for it. Two girls designed the dance to enrich the video. Beside, our English teacher joined us, provided us with lots of help. The video’s success was true a team effort. Everyone taking part learned a great deal from it and determined work harder. Our country’s rapid development makes it possible of us to grow up with good living conditions. We will take on the responsibilities of contributing to your country.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者和同学为祖国70华诞制作短片的故事。
【详解】1．考查动词。shoot在句子中是谓语，根据时间状语可知用一般过去时。故将shoot改为shot。
2．考查动词。consist of 是不及物动词，没有被动。故去掉was。
3．考查名词的数。one of 后接名词复数，故将singer改为singers。
4．考查冠词。此处dance为泛指。故将the改为a。
5．考查副词。beside意为在…旁边，此处应为除…以外，故将beside改为besides。
6．考查非谓语动词。provide 与逻辑主语English teacher之间为主动关系，应该用现在分词。故将provided改为providing。
7．考查副词。此句不是be 后面用形容词，而是表示真地，副词。故将true改为truly。
8．考查固定搭配。determine to do sth。故在work 前面加to。
9．考查介词。adj+for\of+sb+to do，用of 时adj 是修饰人的，故将of改为for。
10．考查代词。句意应该是我们为我们的国家做贡献。故将your改为our。
第三部分：书面表达(满分25分)
52.假定你是某中学学生李华。你的美国笔友Zoey对目前国内的交通出行很感兴趣，来信询问相关情况。请你用英文给她写一封回信，内容包括：
1．现在中国人出行的主要交通工具；
2．日常工作和生活中，人们如何选择出行方式；
3．期望能了解英国的相关情况。
注意：1．词数不少于100；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Zoey,
I am writing to tell you something about the present transportation in China.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Zoey,
I am writing to tell you something about the present transportation in China.
First of all, the major transportation used in China are divided into two categories, including private ones, which usually are referred to private cars and public ones, which commonly includes trains and airplanes. Secondly, it is convenient for people to choose proper ways in their daily life. In most cases, they prefer to use private cars when it is not too far or when they want to enjoy a short trip. However, taking time and distance into consideration, they will travel by train or even by plane when efficiency is needed. Anyhow, nowadays, travelling by train or plane is not as expensive as before and train in China develops so rapidly, widely known as Chinese Speed.
Hope to know some detail information about transportation in your country. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求你就目前国内的交通出行的相关情况给Zeoy回信，内容包括：现在中国人出行的主要交通工具；日常工作和生活中，人们如何选择出行方式；期望能了解英国的相关情况。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1.表明写目的：就目前国内的交通出行的相关情况给Zeoy回信
2.具体的内容：现在中国人出行的主要交通工具；日常工作和生活中，人们如何选择出行方式；期望能了解英国的相关情况。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
be divided into; is referred to; it is convenient for people to do; In most cases; take sth into consideration; Anyhow;
第三步：连词成句
1.The major transportation used in China are divided into two categories, including private ones, which usually are referred to private cars and public ones, which commonly includes trains and airplanes.
2. It is convenient for people to choose proper ways for their daily life.
3. They prefer to use private cars when it is not too far or when they want to enjoy a short trip.
4. Taking time and distance into consideration, they will travel by train or even by plane when efficiency is needed. Anyhow, nowadays, travelling by train or plane is not as expensive as before and train in China develops so rapidly, widely known as Chinese Speed.
5. Hope to know some detail information about transportation in your country. Looking forward to your early reply.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】高分句型一：The major transportation used in China are divided into two categories, including private ones, which usually is referred to private cars and public ones, which commonly includes trains and airplanes. Which 引导的定语从句。
高分句型二：Taking time and distance into consideration, they will travel by train or even by plane when efficiency is needed. Anyhow, nowadays, travelling by train or plane is not as expensive as before and train in China develops so rapidly, widely known as Chinese Speed. 使用非谓语动词taking和known.
英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
A
University of Cambridge has several funds to support university athletes. Full information can be found below:
TASS-The Talented Athlete Scholarship Scheme
Launched in April 2004, TASS is designed to help promising young athletes who want to balance their sporting ambitions with a University or college education.
If you would like to be considered for the TASS Scheme, please contact your National Governing Body to see if you are eligible. You can find out more about TASS here.
UCAPP-University of Cambridge Athlete Performances Programme
UCAPP was set up in 1985 thanks to the kind generosity of Mark Hanson, who was a Modern Pentathlete during his time at Cambridge.
This programme aims to provide core services that any high-performance athletes would benefit from including Lifestyle Management, Physiotherapy, Strength and Conditioning, Nutrition Advice, Sports Psychology Support and Gym Membership.
To find out more information, please click here.
The Eric Evans Fund
The Eric Evans Fund was set up in 1996. The Fund is intended to support students who wish to improve their personal sporting performance beyond University level, or to enable them to undertake qualifications in connection with officiating, coaching or the administration of sport.
The fund is managed by the Director of Sport and two other persons appointed by the Sports Committee. If you still have any further question, please send an e-mail to the Managers.
The Hawks Charitable Trust
The Trust was established in January 1996 with a relatively small capital donated by some of the members to provide financial help to current Cambridge University students, male and female, whose sporting activities were being held back by financial problems.
For more information on this Trust, including the qualifications required for application, please see the Hawks Website.
1. What is special about UCAPP?
A. It favors the promising young athletes.
B. It requires no qualifications.
C. It is intended for high-performance athletes.
D. It helps to improve students’ personal sporting performance.
2. How can you get more information about the Eric Evans Fund?
A. By visiting the website.
B. By sending an e-mail.
C. By going to the director’s office.
D. By giving a telephone call to the message.
3. Which programme will you favor if your club needs money for a sport game?
A. TASS B. UCAPP
C. The Eric Evans Fund D. The Hawks Charitable Trust
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了剑桥大学４个赞助校园运动员的基金会的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段This programme aims to provide core services that any high-performance athletes would benefit from可知这个项目旨在提供核心服务，让任何技术高的运动员可以从中获益。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段If you still have any further question, please send an e-mail to the Managers可知如果需要进一步了解可以发邮件。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由倒数第二段to provide financial help to current Cambridge University students, male and female, whose sporting activities were being held back by financial problems可知The Hawks Charitable Trust这个项目给目前在剑桥大学的有经济困难的学生，不论男女，提供经济支持。故选D。
【点睛】在做有小标题的阅读时，可以用“找读”的办法，省时而且准确。比如第一小题根据题干中的UCAPP和special可以找到答案区域在第四段，而后可以找到正确选项C。
B
I’m going to be completely honest. I have no idea how I ended up with this opportunity, I have no idea what I’m doing, but I am very happy to be here.
Last summer a friend tagged me in a Facebook post from BBC Earth and encouraged me to apply to the BBC Presenter Search 2018. The assignment was easy and hard, make a video shorter than 60 seconds where you talk about something in science you think is cool. Simple concept, but for me it was challenging as I want to talk about bryophytes(苔藓植物) forever (which is slightly longer than 60 seconds).
So I decided to make an attempt. I was going to make a 60 second video about sphagnum(水苔), commonly known as peat moss and uncommonly known as an unsung climate hero. Sphagnum is the plant genus that holds the most carbon in the world, it slowly builds up its carbon storage over hundreds of thousands of years and if undisturbed, they never let go of the carbon they gathered.
Making a short video on this was hard because I wanted to include everything. And it became even harder as I had no one to hold the camera. I tied my camera to the scrawniest little tree, swinging in the wind as a bird tried to chase me away from the mud. This chaos ended up as the video “Why sphagnum is awesome” on my channel. I submitted the video, but didn’t dare to write in the description section of the video that it was a submission, because I never imagined that I could win!
But I did.
I waited two months before I could tell people that I had won the search, and when the news came out, I received the most attention I’ve had in my entire life.
No matter your background, whether you want to pass the time or pass an exam, I really hope you enjoy the video!
4. What can we infer about the author from paragraph 1?
A. She is uncertain about the result. B. She gets used to telling people lies.
C. She is unable to achieve the goal. D. She knows much about the ending.
5. Which of the following is NOT true about sphagnum?
A. It can form its carbon storage in a very slow way.
B. It is universally recognized as an unknown climate hero.
C. It won’t release the carbon without being disturbed.
D. It contains a large amount of carbon.
6. The underlined word “scrawniest” in Paragraph 4 probably means ___________.
A. weakest B. strongest
C. shortest D. most energetic
7. What can we learn from the author’s story?
A. She shows great interest in filming the video.
B. Her knowledge helps overcome all the difficulties.
C. Her attitude and hard work pay off eventually.
D. She is more than delighted to gain the most attention.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己敢于突破，不畏困难参加短视频大赛，制作关于水苔的短视频，并在充分准备但不期待最好结果的前提下，最终赢得比赛的经历。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段I have no idea how I ended up with this opportunity, I have no idea what I’m doing, but I am very happy to be here可知，作者不知道自己在这样的机会下，是怎么做到的，也不知道自己在做什么，但很开心可以出现在这里。从作者的描述中可以看到作者对结果不确定。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段sphagnum(水苔), commonly known as peat moss and uncommonly known as an unsung climate hero可知水苔通常被当成泥煤苔（peat moss），而很少被当成被埋没的气候英雄。B选项意为水苔作为气候英雄被知晓，与文章的表达相反。故选B。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。由I tied my camera to the scrawniest little tree, swinging in the wind可知作者把摄像机系到一棵随风摇动的树上，说明这课树并不高大，而是弱小的。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。文中作者知道拍摄30秒的视频很难，但依然认真拍摄且投稿，并最终获奖，说明作者态度和努力工作最终得到了回报。故选C。
【点睛】在做词义猜测题时，学生要学会在文章中找帮助理解的语句，并根据语境分析出正确答案。比如第3小题，要猜测的单词与tree在一起，后面还有一个swinging in the wind的伴随状语说明树的情况，就可以根据这个句子猜出能随风摇动的树不大，就可以选出A。
C
Online live streaming(直播) is big business nowadays, making huge profits and attracting hundreds of millions of viewers. In addition to adults, this rapidly expanding industry is now drawing underage live streamers, who are not of legal age. According to a report by the Sina Weibo Data Center, live streamers aged 11—16 accounted for 12 percent of all streamers in China. The figure has been rising still, while streamers are getting younger.
It has been found that a large number of underage streamers are drinking, smoking or even exposing to attract viewers. In the best case, live streaming will affect children’s schoolwork and waste their precious youth. In the worst case, they will develop bad values and an improper outlook, which will damage their future.
“Webcasts (web broadcast) are suspected of having a hotbed of improper program. Particularly, the involvement of underage streamers in this industry is making the situation more complex” said Mao Jianguo from Southern Metropolis Daily.
Some legal experts recently issued a report on protection of the children in the cyberspace(网络空间), suggesting that those under 14 should be restricted from independently live streaming and posting videos online.
However, it is unwise and impossible to totally reject all underage streamers but it's necessary and even urgent to standardize the underage webcast sector.
Fortunately, some webcast companies have said that they will not allow streamers under the age of 18 and online live streamers must register by using their ID. However, the reality is that many underage streamers choose to avoid that by using the IDs of adults, who also go through the face scanning required for conditions. All this means that to block underage streamers from webcasting, it’s not enough to depend on their self-discipline.
Parents should tell their children about the disadvantages of getting involved in live streaming so that children develop an objective attitude toward live streaming. Adults should not lend their IDs to children to register for live streaming. And the watchdogs must patrol(巡逻) webcast platforms more actively and remove all unauthorized videos of underage streamers.
8. What are the first and second paragraphs mainly about?
A. A new industry of live streaming came into being.
B. Online live streaming has been a social concern.
C. Teenagers are curious about live streaming recently.
D. Online live streaming is increasingly popular and bringing bad effects.
9. According to Mao Jianguo’s words, we can indicate__________.
A children’s live streaming is the root of all the social problems
B. webcasts contribute to the unhealthy trend in underage live streaming
C. webcasts are less likely to cause more social problems
D. webcasts are the main causes of many youth problems
10. What do we know about standardized measures mentioned in the text?
A. Children shall never use a webcast without the IDs.
B. Self-discipline is an effective way to stop underage streaming.
C. Parents should guide the children to use webcasts properly.
D. Watchdogs’ duty is to stop children from live streaming.
11. What is the best title of the text?
A. A Full Ban against Children’s Live Streaming
B. The Attraction to Children by a Rapidly Expanding Industry
C. Different Opinions about Underage Live Streaming.
D. An Appeal for Keeping Watch on Underage Live Streaming
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章是关于未成年人参与网络直播的现象。文章指出未成年人直播有极大的消极影响，相关部门也出台了一些措施加以限制，但还不能从根本杜绝。也给出了一些建议，如父母、成人和网络巡警都应该共同努力。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。从一段可知网络直播年龄年轻化趋势加强，由成人延展到未成年人。由第二段可知未达到年龄的直播者喝酒、抽烟甚至有不良的价值观，所以说明网络直播变得流行且不良影响明显。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“Webcasts (web broadcast) are suspected of having a hotbed of improper program. Particularly, the involvement of underage streamers in this industry is making the situation more complex”可知网络直播是不适当节目的温床。尤其是未达到年龄的直播者的加入加剧了这种情况。所以网络直播导致了未成年人直播中的不良趋势。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段Parents should tell their children about the disadvantages of getting involved in live streaming so that children develop an objective attitude toward live streaming可知父母应该告知孩子网络直播的不足，让孩子对直播有客观的认识。即父母应该引导孩子正确使用直播。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章着重突出未成年人网络直播的弊端，并给出了解决的一些方法，比如父母引导、政策规定和法律限制等，即呼吁大家关注未成年人直播。故选D。
【点睛】概况主旨的办法通常是看首尾找主题句，若无明显主旨句就要通过关键词来概括。比如第一小题，第一段中的According to a report就意味着可以找到这一段的中心了。
D
Most squirrels don’t hibernate(冬眠). Instead, they store food for the cold season and spend the winter in their nests. But the 13-lined ground squirrel, one species of squirrel in the U.S. Midwest, is not the case. For up to 8 months, the tiny mammals won’t eat or drink anything at all and the heart rate, metabolism(新陈代谢), and body temperature dramatically drop during their long rest, which is similar to bears and other hibernating animals.
To find out how the hibernating squirrels hold back their thirst, a powerful force that could potentially wake them up, and researchers measured the blood fluid of dozens of squirrels. Generally, a high blood concentration(血液浓度) makes animals, including humans, feel thirty. The sleeping squirrels' blood concentration was low, preventing them from waking up for a drink. Even when researchers woke up the torpid squirrels, they wouldn’t drink a drop until the team artificially increased the concentration of their blood serum.
Next, the researchers wanted to know how the squirrels’ blood concentration dropped so low. Perhaps the squirrels drank a lot of water before hibernation to dilute(稀释) their blood, the researchers thought. But when they filmed squirrels preparing for their winter snooze, they found the animals actually drank less water than they normally did.
Instead, chemical tests revealed the squirrels regulate their blood concentration by getting rid of electrolytes(电解质)like sodium and other chemicals like glucose and urea and storing them elsewhere in the body (possibly in the bladder), the researchers reported last month in Current Biology. The finding could also explain how other hibernating animals stay containing water.
This new knowledge might one day help humans with conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病), or astronauts who have launched on long space flights. Unfortunately, even if people can figure out how to drop their blood concentration, it’s unlikely they’ll ever be as cute as sleeping squirrels.
12 What do we know about the 13-lined ground squirrels?
A. They don’t hibernate like many other squirrels.
B. They are endangered species in the U. S. Midwest.
C. They can live for months without water during hibernation.
D. Their heart rule and body temperature are extremely abnormal.
13. The hibernating squirrels don' feel thirsty because of their___________.
A. high blood concentration B. low blood concentration
C. low body temperature D. high heart rate
14. Hibernating squirrels adjust their blood concentrations by_____________.
A Drinking much water before hibernation
B. Not eating anything during hibernation
C. Drinking less water than they normally do
D. Removing certain chemicals and storing them somewhere
15. What is the author’s attitude towards the new findings?
A. Objective B. Positive
C. Disappointing D. Uncaring
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种冬眠的松鼠，地松鼠。它以将电解质从血液中换到其他地方储存的方式来降低血液浓度，而这项发明可能用于治疗糖尿病等人类疾病。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段For up to 8 months, the tiny mammals won’t eat or drink anything at all可知，地松鼠可以多达8个月不吃不喝。即地松鼠冬眠时可以数个月不喝水。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段a high blood concentration(血液浓度) makes animals, including humans, feel thirty可知血液浓度高促使动物包括人类感到口渴，由此可以推断出冬眠的松鼠不口渴是因为血液浓度低。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由倒数第二段chemical tests revealed the squirrels regulate their blood concentration by getting rid of electrolytes(电解质)like sodium and other chemicals like glucose and urea and storing them elsewhere in the body可知，化学测试表明松鼠调节血液浓度是通过将电解质转移至身体其他部位储存的方式进行的，即移走某种特定的物质即电解质，并储存到其他地方。故选D。
【15题详解】
观点态度题。由最后一段可知这项发现可以用来治疗糖尿病或者帮助长时间在太空站的宇航员，有实际运用的价值，即作者对此持积极态度。故选B。
【点睛】科技型说明人题型考查学生两个方面的能力：第一、把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系．第二、把握微观信息间关联性，即空格前后句间关系。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Motivate yourself to be on time, and trick yourself into punctual(准时的) habits, with these tips.
Never explain why you're late. If you don't allow yourself to make excuses, you'll stop letting yourself off the hook. And you'll realize how often you've been handing out reasons as if everyone didn't already know them. There's a classic headline, "Woman Constantly Treating Herself for Once." Don't be "Person Constantly Delayed for This One Good Reason." ____16____ That's the decent thing to do.
____17____ If you're paid hourly, find out how much less you make when you clock in late. If you take more expensive modes of transportation, calculate the cost difference. See how much you spend each year on lateness.
Imagine being late to meet someone. ___18___ Think about the worst-case reaction they could have, whether that's frustration or a "not mad just disappointed" that makes you feel like a real dick. Now visualize being early. Think about the peace of mind as you wait for the other person. Think about standing from your seat and warmly greeting them, grandly forgiving their own lateness.
Think about your most chronically late friend or colleague. Gin up all the frustration you've ever felt with them, all the disdain. Wow, kind of harsh on your friend, but now think about other people feeling that way toward you. ___19___
Plan exactly what you'll do on your phone while you wait for everyone else to show up. ___20___ Get excited, not for the thing you're heading to, but for those five minutes alone before it starts.
A. So, avoid being late.
B. Feel the shame and the panic.
C. Promise not to be late frequently.
D. Calculate the expense of your lateness.
E. You will never be forgiven if you are often late.
F. Instead of focusing on causes, apologize for the effect of your lateness.
G. That’s the free time, like playing a mobile game with zero guilt.
【答案】16. F 17. D
18. B 19. A
20. G
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章是关于让自己守时，而且就怎么让自己做到守时给出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据前文"Woman Constantly Treating Herself for Once."，举例说女士经常用同一个理解解释迟到，告诫不要专注于解释原因，而要为迟到造成的后果道歉，这才是体面的做法。故选F。
【17题详解】
由下文If you're paid hourly, find out how much less you make when you clock in late可知如果你是按小时付费，你应该计算一下因为迟到你少赚了多少，即计算因为迟到造成的损失。故选D。
18题详解】
从Imagine being late to meet someone和Think about the worst-case reaction they could have可知，建议在迟到时想象一下迟到的场景，迟到会给对方带来什么，这会让你觉得羞愧。故选B。
【19题详解】
空白前面描述的是让你想想经常迟到的朋友给你造成的影响，希望你能推己及人，避免迟到。故选A。
【20题详解】
由Plan exactly what you'll do on your phone while you wait for everyone else to show up可知，你可以在等人的时候在手机上做一些计划，当然也可以趁此时间放松，因为这个时间是自由的，你可以没有负担的享受。故选G。
【点睛】该题型考察学生两个方面的能力：第一、把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系．第二、把握微观信息间关联性，即空格前后句间关系。
该题型选项大致可分为三类：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）；过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
Liz was quite excited these days. She was going to travel to Asia with her mom. Neither of them had ___21___ traveled out of the United States before. They were going to ___22___ to Hong Kong. They would travel on their cruise(乘船游览) ship to Shanghai and Beijing after ___23___ in Hong Kong for three days.
“Beijing is inland, so we have to ___24___ about a two-hour bus ride to get there from the port. I ___25___ the name of the port. Anyway, we’re going to ___26___ the Great Wall, the Tian’anmen Square, and the Forbidden City. It's going to be so ___27___!” she told her neighbor Jane.
From China, the cruise ship would go to Pusan in South Korea, and ___28___ to Tokyo. From Tokyo, they would ___29___ a flight back to Los Angeles.
“The trip is going to ___30___ three weeks. It's only going to ___31___ us about $ 2,800 each if we don’t ___32___ anything.” She laughed.
“I hope your trip is more ___33___ than mine was” said Jane. “I took a cruise to the Bahamas, ___34___ almost all the passengers got ___35___. I caught some kind of disease that made me ___36___ for almost three days. They ___37___ us a discount(折扣) that we could use on a ___38___ trip. No more cruising for me. That is really a pity.”
“We’ve ___39___ those things,” said Liz. “Mom and I are going to be ___40___ our hands every 30 minutes, and we’re bringing surgical masks with us.” Good preparations may help a lot in the travel and make it a pleasant and successful one.
21. A. ever B. never C. still D. also
22. A. walk B. ship C. fly D. drive
23. A. trying B. searching C. staying D. studying
24. A. know B. take C. look D. practice
25. A. leave B. choose C. forget D. call
26. A. find B. remember C. pass D. see
27. A. cool B. difficult C. terrible D. disappointed
28. A. sadly B. finally C. secretly D. simply
29. A. make B. miss C. meet D. catch
30. A. run B. prepare C. last D. stop
31. A. cost B. offer C. save D. give
32. A. visit B. shop C. meet D. show
33. A. important B. confusing C. funny D. helpful
34. A. if B. because C. but D. so
35. A. mysterious B. sick C. angry D. nervous
36. A. travel B. dream C. regret D. waste
37. A. refuse B. give C. cheat D. order
38. A. familiar B. normal C. future D. quick
39. A. heard about B. looked forward C. called back D. made up
40. A. watching B. washing C. using D. changing
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. B 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章中Liz给朋友介绍自己和妈妈亚洲之行的计划，她们计划乘船游览中国的香港、上海和北京，韩国釜山和日本东京等地。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她们以前都没去过美国以外的地方旅行。A. ever以前；B. never绝不；C. still仍然；D. also也。根据语境应该是Liz和妈妈以前都没去过亚洲。所以选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们会飞去香港。A. walk走；B. ship乘船；C. fly飞；D. drive驾车。根据上下文可知从美国来中国应该要乘飞机。所以选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在香港停留三天后我们会去北京和上海。A. trying尝试；B. searching寻找；C. staying停留；D. studying学习。根据语境应该是在香港停留之意。所以选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：北京是内陆城市，我们需要从港口坐两个大巴才能到。A. know知道；B. take花费；C. look看；D. practice练习。根据语境是花时间坐车。所以选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我忘了港口的名字。A. leave离开；B. choose选择；C. forget忘记；D. call。语境是说到由港口乘车到北京，但忘了港口的名字。所以选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们会去看长城天安门和紫禁城。A. find找到；B. remember记住；C. pass通过；D. see看。根据语境要填参观之意。所以选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这将会是非常酷的。A. cool 酷的；B. difficult困难的；C. terrible可怕的； D. disappointed失望的。上文说到要去很多地方，所以会很有意思。所以选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：离开中国后，我们还会去韩国釜山，最后会去日本东京。A. sadly难过地；B. finally最后地；C. secretly秘密地；D. simply仅仅，简单地。根据语境，结束中国之行后会再去韩国，而最后会去日本。所以选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。会赶去洛杉矶的航班。句意：A. make使；B. miss想念、错过；C. meet见面；D. catch抓住，赶上。根据语境应该是坐飞机，赶航班之意。所以选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。这趟旅行会持续三周。句意：A. run跑；B. prepare准备；C. last持续；D. stop停止。根据语境表示要填持续多长时间。所以选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：持续三周，但花销不大，如果我们不买东西的话。A. cost花费；B. offer提供；C. save救；D. give给。根据语境是消费、花费之意。所以选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. visit参观、拜访；B. shop购物；C. meet见面；D. show展示。根据上文可知此处表购物、买东西。所以选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：朋友希望Liz的旅行会有趣而不像自己之前的旅行。A. important重要的；B. confusing困惑的；C. funny有趣的；D. helpful有帮助的。从下文可知朋友的旅行并不愉快，所以希望Liz的旅行会有趣。所以选C。
【34题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我去巴哈马旅行，但所有的乘客都生病了。A. if如果；B. because因为；C. but但是；D. so因此。由下文可知这里是转折。所以选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我去巴哈马旅行，但所有的乘客都生病了。A. mysterious神奇的；B. sick生病的；C. angry生气的；D. nervous紧张的。由下文的disease可知这里是生病之意。所以选B。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我生病了，浪费了三天。A. travel旅行；B. dream梦想；C. regret后悔；D. waste浪费。由语境可知因为生病，所以有三天都没能享受旅行。所以选D。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们给我们可以在将来用的折扣。A. refuse拒绝；B. give给；C. cheat欺骗；D. order命令。根据语境填给。所以选B。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们给我们可以在将来用的折扣。.A. familiar相似的；B. normal正常的；C. future将来；D. quick迅速的。根据下文，我没能乘船游览，说明折扣以后才可以用的。所以选C。
【39题详解】
考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：我们听说了这件事。A. heard about听说；B. looked forward希望；C. called back回电话；D. made up弥补、组成。根据语境，此处表听说某事。所以选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和妈妈决定每30分钟洗一次手。A. watching看；B. washing 洗；C . using 使用；D. changing改变。根据语境此处表示洗手。所以选B。
【点睛】做完型填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空，所以，必须先通读才能了解文章大意。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。比如小题17和18，描述的是她的朋友在旅行中因病因病没能享受旅行，而这趟旅行里给的折扣要下一次才能用，所以很遗憾。最后答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词是否得当。
第二节
语法填空
From her remarkable work as former First Lady, to her influence on fashion and pop culture, Michelle Obama has become one of the most important women in the world.
In recent years, the hard work effort she put into social issues such as poverty, healthy living, and education ___41___ (become) widely known, but Michelle has always fought for important social issues. In 1988, she graduated from Harvard Law School in Massachusetts, ___42___ (make) her the third First Lady with a postgraduate degree. She then returned to her roots in Chicago, ___43___ she met her husband just one year later. In 1991, she gave up her law career ____44____ work in public service.
For the next several years, she directed various public ___45___ (program) for youths in education. She visited ___46___ (home) shelters and appeared at public schools to stress the importance of education. When her husband became president in 2009, she became the first African-American First Lady in American history. She ___47___ (public) supported healthy living, and she introduced healthier lunches at high schools across the country. Because of these appearances, Michelle became ___48___ fashion symbol, and her dresses ___49___ (feature) in many magazines. This is ___50___ many of her international fans appreciate most about her.
【答案】41. has become
42. making 43. where
44. to 45. programs
46. homeless
47. publicly
48. a 49. featured
50. why
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章是关于Michelle Obama的成功和成名之路的。
【41题详解】
考查谓语动词。become在句中是谓语动词，且句子的时间为In recent years，要用现在完成时态，故填has become。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。graduated是句子的谓语，所以make要用非谓语形式，前面she graduated from Harvard Law School in Massachusetts造成了后面的结果，所以用V+ing 做结果状语。故填making。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。Chicago在she met her husband just one year later中做地点状语，故填where。
【44题详解】
考固定搭配。give up A to B, 为了B放弃A。故填to。
【45题详解】
考查名词复数形式。program 是可数名词，根据various 可知用复数。故填programs。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。shelters是名词，需要形容词来修饰，根据上下文，应该是她去看望无家可归的人。故填homeless。
【47题详解】
考查副词。副词修饰supported。故填publicly。
【48题详解】
考查冠词。泛指一种象征，故填a。
【49题详解】
考查谓语动词。feature 做谓语，根据上下文可知用一般过去时态。故填featured。
【50题详解】
考查表语从句。做is 的表语，表原因，故填why。
【点睛】本题主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空。本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，如give up to；词类的转换，如publicly；名词的复数形式，如programs等。
第四部分 写作
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分, 满分10分)
51.文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
On the 70th anniversary of our motherland, my classmates and I shoot a video to celebrate it. The video was consisted of solo performances. I was one of the solo singer, and I had practiced hard for it. Two girls designed the dance to enrich the video. Beside, our English teacher joined us, provided us with lots of help. The video’s success was true a team effort. Everyone taking part learned a great deal from it and determined work harder. Our country’s rapid development makes it possible of us to grow up with good living conditions. We will take on the responsibilities of contributing to your country.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者和同学为祖国70华诞制作短片的故事。
【详解】1．考查动词。shoot在句子中是谓语，根据时间状语可知用一般过去时。故将shoot改为shot。
2．考查动词。consist of 是不及物动词，没有被动。故去掉was。
3．考查名词的数。one of 后接名词复数，故将singer改为singers。
4．考查冠词。此处dance为泛指。故将the改为a。
5．考查副词。beside意为在…旁边，此处应为除…以外，故将beside改为besides。
6．考查非谓语动词。provide 与逻辑主语English teacher之间为主动关系，应该用现在分词。故将provided改为providing。
7．考查副词。此句不是be 后面用形容词，而是表示真地，副词。故将true改为truly。
8．考查固定搭配。determine to do sth。故在work 前面加to。
9．考查介词。adj+for\of+sb+to do，用of 时adj 是修饰人的，故将of改为for。
10．考查代词。句意应该是我们为我们的国家做贡献。故将your改为our。
第三部分：书面表达(满分25分)
52.假定你是某中学学生李华。你的美国笔友Zoey对目前国内的交通出行很感兴趣，来信询问相关情况。请你用英文给她写一封回信，内容包括：
1．现在中国人出行的主要交通工具；
2．日常工作和生活中，人们如何选择出行方式；
3．期望能了解英国的相关情况。
注意：1．词数不少于100；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Zoey,
I am writing to tell you something about the present transportation in China.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Zoey,
I am writing to tell you something about the present transportation in China.
First of all, the major transportation used in China are divided into two categories, including private ones, which usually are referred to private cars and public ones, which commonly includes trains and airplanes. Secondly, it is convenient for people to choose proper ways in their daily life. In most cases, they prefer to use private cars when it is not too far or when they want to enjoy a short trip. However, taking time and distance into consideration, they will travel by train or even by plane when efficiency is needed. Anyhow, nowadays, travelling by train or plane is not as expensive as before and train in China develops so rapidly, widely known as Chinese Speed.
Hope to know some detail information about transportation in your country. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求你就目前国内的交通出行的相关情况给Zeoy回信，内容包括：现在中国人出行的主要交通工具；日常工作和生活中，人们如何选择出行方式；期望能了解英国的相关情况。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1.表明写目的：就目前国内的交通出行的相关情况给Zeoy回信
2.具体的内容：现在中国人出行的主要交通工具；日常工作和生活中，人们如何选择出行方式；期望能了解英国的相关情况。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
be divided into; is referred to; it is convenient for people to do; In most cases; take sth into consideration; Anyhow;
第三步：连词成句
1.The major transportation used in China are divided into two categories, including private ones, which usually are referred to private cars and public ones, which commonly includes trains and airplanes.
2. It is convenient for people to choose proper ways for their daily life.
3. They prefer to use private cars when it is not too far or when they want to enjoy a short trip.
4. Taking time and distance into consideration, they will travel by train or even by plane when efficiency is needed. Anyhow, nowadays, travelling by train or plane is not as expensive as before and train in China develops so rapidly, widely known as Chinese Speed.
5. Hope to know some detail information about transportation in your country. Looking forward to your early reply.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】高分句型一：The major transportation used in China are divided into two categories, including private ones, which usually is referred to private cars and public ones, which commonly includes trains and airplanes. Which 引导的定语从句。
高分句型二：Taking time and distance into consideration, they will travel by train or even by plane when efficiency is needed. Anyhow, nowadays, travelling by train or plane is not as expensive as before and train in China develops so rapidly, widely known as Chinese Speed. 使用非谓语动词taking和known.
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