2019届甘肃省白银市（学科基地命制）高三模拟（一）英语试题 Word版含答案

           2019年白银市英语学科基地英语打磨试卷一

第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节：（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

BEING an astronaut sounds cool, doesn't it? In space, they get to do some pretty amazing things, like floating in zero gravity.
    However, there are also plenty of things that astronauts can't do because of their weightless environment, and that's very sad. What's worse, they can't even let their sadness show – because it's impossible to cry in zero gravity.
    Of course, astronauts can still produce tears. But crying is much more difficult in space, reported The Atlantic in January. Without gravity, tears don't flow downward out of the eyes like they do here on Earth. This means that when you cry in space, your tears have nowhere to go—they just stick to your eyes.
    In May 2011, astronaut Andrew Feustel experienced this during one of his spacewalks. "Tears," he said, "don't fall off of your eye... They just kind of stay there."
    Besides making your vision unclear, this can also cause physical pain. Back on Earth, tears are supposed to bring comfort to the eyes. But that's not the case in space. The space environment dries out astronauts' eyes, and when tears suddenly wet the eyes, it can cause pain rather than comfort. "My right eye is painful like crazy." Feustel told his teammate during the walk.
    Since gravity doesn't work in space, astronauts need some extra help to get rid of the tears. Feustel chose to rub his eyes against his helmet to wipe the tears away. Another choice is to just wait—"When the tears get big enough they simply break free of the eye and float around," astronaut Ron Parise told The Atlantic.
    There are lots of small things—things like crying – that we are so used to on Earth. We usually take them for granted, until they become a problem in a totally different environment, like space. There, astronauts can't talk to each other directly. They also can't eat or drink in normal ways. They can't even burp (打嗝), because there is no gravity to hold the food down in their stomach. If they do burp, they just end up throwing up (呕吐) everything in their stomach, according to the UK National Space Center.
    Thus, perhaps it's only space explorers who can honestly say: "Gravity, you're the best."
1. What can we conclude from paragraphs 2 and 3?
   A. Astronauts are unable to feel sad in space.
   B. Astronauts produce fewer tears in space.
   C. Tears produced in space flow down more slowly.
   D. Tears produced in space don't flow downward.
2. What effect do tears have on astronauts?
   A. They cause physical pain.     B. They bring comfort to them.
   C. They make their vision clearer.   D. They float around and cause trouble.
3. What can the astronaut do to get rid of the tears?
   A. Rub his eyes against his helmet to let the tears float forward.
   B. Rub his eyes by hand to let the tears float around.
   C. Get the tears big enough to fall off of his eyes.
   D. Get the tears big enough to break away from his eyes.
4. When of the following can be the best title for the text?
   A. In the sky, you can't burp     B. Better life with gravity
   C. In the sky, you can't cry       D. No Gravity, no tears

B

   What will man be like in the future — in 5,000 or even 50,000 years from now? We can only make guesses, of course, but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today, for man is slowly changing all the time.

   Let us take an obvious example. Man, even five hundred years ago, was shorter than he is today. Now, on average, men are about three inches taller. Five hundred years is relatively a short period of time, so we may suppose that man will continue to grow taller. Again, in the modern world we use our brains a great deal. Even so, we still make use of only about 20% of the brain’s capacity. As time goes on, however, we shall have to use our brains more and more, and finally we shall need our brains more and more, and finally we shall need larger ones! This is likely to bring a physical change too: the head, in particular the forehead, will grow larger.

   Nowadays our eyes are in constant use. In fact, we use them so much that very often they become weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over long period of time it is likely that man’s eyes will grow stronger.

   On the other hand, we tend to make less use of our arms and legs. These, as a result, are likely to grow weaker. At the same time, however, our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life.

   But what about hair? This will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer. In the future, then, both sexes are likely to be bald.

   Perhaps all this gives the impression that future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at! This may well be true. All the same, in spite of all these changes, future man will still have a lot in common with us. He will still be a human being, with thoughts and emotions similar to our own.

5．The passage mainly tells us that __________.

A. Man’s life will be different in the future  B. Future man will look quite different from us

C. Man is growing taller and uglier as time passes   D. Man’s organs’ functions will change

6．What serves as the evidence that man is changing?

A. Man has got stronger eyes now than he ever had.

B. Man’s hair is getting thinner and thinner.

C. Man’s arms and legs have become lighter and weaker.

D. Man has been growing taller over the past 500 years.

7．The change in man’s size of the forehead is probably because __________.

A. he makes use of only 20% of the brain’s capacity

B. his brain has grown larger over the past centuries

C. he will use his brain more and more as time goes on

D. the other 80% of his brain will grow in due time

8．Which of the following is TRUE about a human being in the future?

A. He is hairless because hair is no longer useful.

B. He has smaller eyes and wears better glasses.

C. His fingers grow weaker because he doesn’t have to make use of them.

D. He thinks and feels in a different way.

C

 Western New Bridge Library Announcement

9．To attend the annual Children's Gathering, one has to ____．

 A．buy a ticket                     B．apply in advance

 C．make a reservation D．contact the call-down service

10．The Help Desk in this library supplies service____．

 A．during the daytime                   B．after 22:00 pm every day

 C．till the end of the Spring Break         D．in case of emergency

11．We can learn from the passage that children can ____．

 A．attend all the activities with their parents

 B．borrow some relevant books for the activities

 C．participate in the activities from 8:00 am to 4:00 pm

 D．choose only one of the activities according to their interest

D

Most kinds of rose plants come from Asia. But roses are also native to other areas including northwest Africa, Europe and the United States. In 1986, Congress chose the rose as American’s national flower. Technically, Congress and President Ronald Reagan declared it the “national floral emblem.” Whatever the name, the decision did not smell sweet to supporters of other popular flowers.

   Some people say roses are difficult to grow. But you have a good chance of success if you start with a few suggestions from experts. You should plant your roses where they can get sunshine for about six hours on bright days. You can buy roses from a garden center or by mail order. You can buy potted roses, also known as container roses, or bare-root plants. Each kind has its fans.

   Some gardeners say potted roses are easier to plant. They say the roots develop better. But Jeffrey Dinslage, an expert, points out that bare-root roses come without soil. So they weigh less to transport.

   Another expert advises getting bare-root roses as close to planting time as you can. If they arrive before you are ready to plant them, make sure the packing material is moist. Keep the plants in a cool, dark place. The resting plants have no leaves but still need water. When growing roses, the soil should feel moist deep down. Watering should be done in the morning.

But do not water too much. People often ask Jeffrey Dinslage about unhealthy discoloration on rose leaves. He says the spots are usually caused by too much water. After heavy rains or too much watering, he advises pulling away mulch, the substance used to protect the roots, to improve the quality of the soil, temporarily from around the roots. This will help dry the soil.

12．From the first paragraph, we know that in the United States _______.

A．all the people like roses         B．there are a lot of national flowers

C．some roses don' t smell sweet           D．there are some other popular flowers

13．Why does Jeffrey Dinslage suggest planting bare-root roses?

A．They are easier to plant.          B．Their roots develop better.

C．They are cheap to transport.      D．Their leaves need no water.

14．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “moist”?

A．Slightly wet.      B．Pretty dry.    C．Too hard.           D．Lightly soft.

15．According to Jeffrey Dinslage, people should _______ to avoid the sports on rose leaves.

A．not water roses in the morning              B．protect the roots of roses

C．improve the quality of the soil              D．not water roses very much

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

  Although many Chinese students say that their knowledge of English grammar is good, most would admit that their spoken English is poor. Whenever I speak to a Chinese student, they always say, “My spoken English is poor.” 16______  I would like to suggest that there may be some reasons for their problems with spoken English.

     First, they fail to find suitable words to express themselves due to a limited vocabulary.  17_____ However, you can speak with a limited vocabulary, if you choose a positive attitude. Others will follow you as long as you use the words that you know.

18_____ Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervous. Yet students should remember that their goal should be FLUENCY NOT ACCURACY. Your aim in writing is to be accurate following the rules for grammar and using the right words and spelling them correctly. However, in speaking your aim is fluency. You want to get your message across, to talk to someone in English, as quickly and as well as you can, even though sometimes you may use a wrong word or tense, but it doesn’t matter.  19_______

    The third reason is that not enough attention is paid to listening. You have one mouth but two ears! All that hearing is necessary for you to start speaking. Fourth, most Chinese students are reactive rather than proactive(主动的) language learners. Instead of actively seeking out opportunities to improve their spoken English they passively wait for speaking opportunities to come to them and wonder why their English always remains poor.  20____.

A. The person you are speaking to will understand you and make allowances for any mistakes he hears.

B. They may try to avoid making similar mistakes next time.

C. Obviously the better answer is to expand their vocabulary.

D. If you have this proactive outlook, then you will see English opportunities wherever you go.

E. However, their spoken English does not have to remain “poor”!

F. Second, they are afraid of making mistakes.

G. The second reason lies in the reluctance of using what has just been learned.

第二部分:完形填空 (共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

  Nick was not the kind of boy I had expected to spend my summer with. I was hoping to have a relaxation  the summer before my busy senior year,__21__ my mother asked me to do her a __22__.One of her colleagues needed a full-time __23__. “You planned to volunteer at the local hospital, why not volunteer to ___24___Nick instead?” Then she told me that this six-year-old boy was not a ___25___child.

  Nick was a lovely little boy who suffered from many disorders. Normal day-care centers would not ___26___  him. As a baby, he had serious ear infections which left him with equilibrium (平衡) problems. He couldn’t ___27___ or run properly. I was hesitating ___28___ I was to take the job when my mother ___29___, “Don’t you want to be a nurse in the future? I doubt if you even have the ___30___.”

 Then I told her I was ___31___ for the job.

 The day started at 7:00 a.m. Nick was my wake-up call! With so much energy and very little __32__,he was quite a mix.

 At the park, when he saw all the other children play on the jungle gym and swings, the boy’s face___33___ up—how he wished he belonged to the group of his age! You would think it would be __34__  to get a child to go down a slide .Believe me, it wasn’t! It took time, a lot of time. But with patience and support, Nick took one step up the slide each day. We worked together to face his __35__and gradually he got closer to taking the slide of his life.

 Halfway through the summer, he __36__  it to the top of the slide. With my arms __37__him tightly, we flew down the slide! I waited for his reaction.After_38__that he was safe and sound, he gave me a big hug and asked, “May I go down again, alone?”

 I had never been happier in my life when I saw this little child climb the ladder and__39__what other children take for granted.

 This  __40__ child taught me that being a nurse means respect, kindness and patience.

21.A.and    B. however  C. so    D. but

22.A.service   B. business  C. favor   D. trade

23.A.nurse   B. waitress  C. guard   D. guide

24.A.protect   B. attend      C. defend      D. comfort

25.A.naughty      B. clever      C. normal      D. happy

26.A.admit   B. receive     C. accept       D. adopt

27.A.speak   B. play   C. stand   D. walk

28.A.if    B. what     C. why   D. where

29A.suggested      B. argued      C. challenged    D. commented

30.A.courage      B. energy      C. faith   D. time

31.A.eager   B. sorry   C. grateful  D. ready

32.A.awareness  B. knowledge   C. balance  D. control

33.A.delighted      B. cheered  C. lit   D. shut

34A.difficult      B. interesting   C. simple      D. terrible

35.A.fears   B. worries  C. chances  D. situation

36.A.climbed      B. got   C. managed  D. made

37.A.taking   B. holding  C. bringing  D. greeting

38.A.realizing      B. researching  C. worrying  D. wondering

39.A.play       B. ignore      C. enjoy   D. share

40.A.ordinary      B. smart   C. brave   D. special

第三部分 英语知识运用（共10分；每小题1分，满分10分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

   Singles’ Day falls on November 11th every year in China,41_______ is recognized as a day for people who have no girlfriend or boyfriend. Couples and lovers have Valentine’s Day in 42  ____(celebrate) of their love, but how about the singles? There must be a day they can celebrate even without a partner. That’s43  ____people created Singles’ Day.

 On Singles’ Day many singles choose to say goodbye to their single lives,44_______(attend) blind date parties, and some people even decide to get 45______ (marry) with strangers.46_______ this day has recently become more of a time for shopping, because many shops online will give customers great discount 47______ (promote) their goods.

 More and more people are 48_______ (will) to shop online to get what they want, and I am one of them. I just can’t help buying things 49______I need them or not.50______(honest) speaking, some of the things that I bought have been put aside forever in my closet.

第五部分  短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

注意: 1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词；

        2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

With the development of society, our way of life has been changed all the time. My mother told me that she was used to cover a short distance to a small shop to buy goods. Several years late, supermarket opened in our town, but she would go shopping there because it was very convenient. In recent years, online shopping become popular. Many young people prefer to buy what we like in the front of computers because it can save them time and labor, so do I. personal, I think we can depend on robot servant to do the shopping as well as the housework in the future.

第六部分 书面表达（满分25分）

   某英文报社准备刊发一篇题“Living in a City”有关城市生活利与弊的文章。根据下面提示写一篇英语短文。

   优点：找工作容易；交通便利；有公园、饭店等休闲场所。

   缺点：生活消费高；人口多，拥挤；空气污染，居住环境差。

   要求：1. 覆盖以上全部内容，可适当发挥。

         2．词数100左右，标题已给出。

Living in a City

_____________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

2019年打磨卷一试卷答案

阅读理解：

1--4DADC  5--8BDCA  9--11 CDB   12--15 DCAD   16-20 ECFAD

完形填空：

21--25 DCABC  26--30 CDACA    31-35 DCCCA  36--40 DBACD

语法填空：

41. which   42celebration  43. why   44.attending   45. married 

46. But   47. to promote  48. willing  49. whether  50. Honestly

改错：1.  changed改为changing

      2. 第二句中的was去掉

       3. short改为long

       4. late改为later

       5. but改为so

       6. become前加has

       7. we改为they

       8. 第五句中的the去掉

       9. Personal改为Personally

       10. servant 改为servants

写作：

Living in a City

  Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages. It is often easier to find work. There are always many choices of public transport. Besides, there are a lot of interesting things to do and places to see. You can eat in good restaurants, visit museums, go to cinemas and go to parks whenever you want to relax.

  However, living in a city is often very expensive. You must find a well-paid job, otherwise, you will not be able to afford the things you will do. What's more, the city is always crowded, noisy and dirty. It is very difficult to find a good place where people can enjoy peace and fresh air as in the countryside.

  Anyway, you can make the choice that .suits you best.