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2019届河北省衡水中学高三下学期一调考试英语试卷（解析版）
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河北省衡水中学2019届高三下学期一调考试
英语试题
本试卷满分130分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will the woman go to the Grand Hotel?
A. By taxi. B. By car. C. On foot.
2. How much should the man pay altogether?
A. $20. B. $60. C. $70.
3. What is the weather like now?
A. Hot. B. Cool. C. Rainy.
4. What is the man doing?
A. Doing shopping.
B. Checking in at a hotel.
C. Looking for a house to buy.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The man’s volunteer experience.
B. Their summer vacation.
C. The wildlife protection center.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man complain?
A. His bag is too heavy.
B. His home is too far.
C. The things are too expensive.
7. What do we know about the woman?
A. She does not like to travel.
B. She has been to Hong Kong before.
C. She bought many presents for her kids.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers going to do?
A. Watch a game. B. Go home. C. Pick up Jack.
9. What does the man work as?
A. A photographer. B. A soccer player. C. A bank clerk.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How does the man suggest advertising their new product?
A. On the Internet. B. In the local newspaper. C. On the radio.
11. Why does the man make the suggestion?
A. It will bring in more business.
B. I1 is effective and costs little.
C. It will reach a bigger audience.
12. Who will the man speak to?
A. A co-worker. B. A customer. C. A friend.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Salesman and customer. C. Husband and wife.
14. What does the man prefer to buy?
A. A necklace. B. A photo album. C. Flowers.
15. What does the woman think of the English books?
A. They are helpful.
B. They are difficult to choose.
C. They are inconvenient to carry.
16. What can we learn about the speakers at last?
A. They will choose a CD as a present.
B. They have a lot of things to buy.
C. They don’t reach an agreement.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What tickets are still available?
A. The ones for Spider and Rose.
B. The ones for the piano concert.
C. The ones for Twelfth Night.
18. Why will the bus leave at 3:30?
A. To avoid missing the shows.
B. To have free time at the Arts Center.
C. To get enough time for the long journey.
19. What should the listeners pay to see?
A. The Scottish jewellery.
B. The Russian ballet exhibition.
C. The South American photographs.
20. When should the listeners get back on the bus?
A. By 10:10. B. By 10:15. C. By 10:20.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A notice at IKEA Shanghai has been shared widely among netizens on Chinese social media. It states that the stores cafeteria now requires customers to order food before sitting down in cafeteria seats. The policy is in response to an elderly blind dating group that occupies seats for a long time, consuming only their own food brought from home. Do you support IKEA’s new regulation? China Daily readers share their opinions with us.
Lee Xin (China)
The elderly are harmless. They are lonely and are probably hoping to find some company again. If anything, the store should at least sympathize with these old people.
Mbursian (US)
This is more for socializing than for romance. I really don’t think a home furnishing store is a good dating place for seniors.
IKEA could also post a reasonable time limit per visit during peak hours. Or instead of tables and chairs, they could use those standing tables and get rid of the chairs altogether. At least IKEA’s cafeteria isn’t occupied by the dancing grannies and their portable PA systems (音响).
SEARU (Australia)
Romance is the most important thing while eating is not that important! So a noble man always leaves more space for seniors’ love affairs!
Mr. Qiu (Shanghai, China 65 years old)
We have been to fast food outlets like McDonalds, but there are barely any peers there. We feel like aliens surrounded by youngsters. If there is another place in Shanghai where elderly people can gather, we are more than ready to pay twice as much and travel further.
TedM (UK)
Romance can arise in many places, even IKEA. However, this debate arose as a result of many people taking advantage of IKEA’s generous drink offers and going there to meet and stay with friends without buying anything. IKEA is a shop; it exists to provide a service for a reasonable profit. It is not a public park.
Michel (New Zealand)
To everyone romanticizing this, please also consider that the store has an image to uphold while protecting the interests of other paying customers. It is ugly to take up seats for such long durations while you make others wait.
1. How many people are in support of this new regulation?
A. 2. B. 3.
C. 4. D. 5.
2. What is the major cause of this new regulation?
A. Senior blind dates influencing their business.
B. IKEA has zero tolerance for romantic behavior.
C. The strong reaction of netizens on social media.
D. Old people eating their own food to save money.
3. People who are against the new regulation will probably agree that .
A. seniors’ love affairs can contribute to the store’s image
B. IKEA is the only place where seniors can find their peers
C. the society is being too judgmental and lacks understanding
D. IKEA should not reserve a special area for the old people to date
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
文章就宜家的新规定进行了讨论。每个人都给出了自己的观点和看法。
【1题详解】
B细节理解题。由文章可知Mbursian (US)，TedM (UK)和Michel (New Zealand)都是支持这一政策的，故选B。
【2题详解】
A细节理解题。根据文章第一段The policy is in response to an elderly blind dating group that occupies seats for a long time，consuming only their own food brought from home．这项政策是为了回应一个长期坐在座位上，只吃自己从家里带回来的食物的老年盲人约会团体。可知是为了老人盲约团影响了他们的生意。故选A。
【3题详解】
C推理判断题。根据文章中几个不赞同的人的观点可以看出他们认为商家应该同情老人，为老人的爱情留出更多的空间，可知他们认为这项新规定太过审判性和缺少理解。故选C。
B
Mark Rothko, one of the greatest painters of the twentieth century, was born in Daugavpils, Latvia in 1903. His father immigrated to the United States, fearing that his son would be drafted (招募) into the Czarist army. Mark stayed in Russia with his mother and elder sister; they joined the family later, arriving in the winter of 1913, after a 12-day voyage.
Mark moved to New York in the autumn of 1923 and found employment in the garment trade and took up residence on the Upper West Side. It was while he was visiting someone at the Art Students League that he saw students sketching a nude model. According to him, this was the start of his life as an artist. He was twenty years old and had taken some art lessons at school, so his initial experience was far from an immediate calling.
In 1936, Mark Rothko began writing a book, which he never completed about the similarities in the children’s art and the work of modern painters. The work of modernists, which was influenced by primitive (原始的) art, according to him, could be compared to that of children in that “Child art transforms itself into primitivism (原始主义), which is only the child producing a mimicry (模仿) of himself.” However, in this same work, he said that “The fact that one usually begins with drawing is already academic. We start with the colors.”
It was not long before his multiform developed into the style he is remembered for; in 1949 Rothko exhibited these new works at the Betty Parsons Gallery. For critic Harold Rosenberg, the paintings were a revelation. After painting his first multiform, Rothko withdrew himself to his home in East Hampton on Long Island. The discovery of his definitive form came at a period of great grief; his mother Kate died in October 1948 and it was at some point during that winter that Rothko chanced upon the striking symmetrical (对称的) rectangular blocks of two to three opposing or contrasting, yet complementary colors (对称). As part of this new uniformity of artistic vision, his paintings and drawings no longer had individual titles: from this point on they were simply untitled, numbered or dated. However, to assist in distinguishing one work from another, dealers would sometimes add the primary colors to the name.
4. Mark Rothko’s family have experienced all of the following except .
A. a separation from his father B. the call up of the army
C. a temporary stay in Russia D. a 12-day voyage to the United States
5. What made Mark Rothko want to be an artist?
A. His move to the Upper West Side.
B. His visit to the Art Students League.
C. His sight of the students’ drawing.
D. His lessons took in art school.
6. Mark Rothko thought modern art share some similarities with child art because .
A. they are both considered childish and academic
B. they are both ways of expressing primitivism
C. they are both a copy of the painters themselves
D. they ate both striking blocks and colors
7. Which of the following statements is true about Mark Rothko’s style?
A. It was inspired by Rosenberg.
B. It resulted from moving to Long Island.
C. It resulted from his grief.
D. It evolved (develop gradually) in 1948.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了20世纪最伟大的画家之一马克罗斯科的生平及艺术风格。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段内容故可知，他的父亲移居美国，他和母亲临时呆在俄罗斯，后来经过12天航行才到美国和父亲重聚，根据“His father immigrated to the United States, afraid that his sons would be drafted into the Czarist army.”可知，他的父亲只是担心儿子们会应征加入沙皇军队，由此可知他并没有被军队召集，故B项正确。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It was while he was visiting someone at the Art Students League that he saw students sketching a nude model. According to him, this was the start of his life as an artist. ”可知，目睹学生们画画让他开始有了当艺术家的想法，故C项正确。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The work of modernists, which was influenced by primitive art, could, according to him, be compared to that of children in that "child art transforms itself into primitivism, which is only the child producing a mimicry of himself." ”可知，他认为现代艺术与儿童艺术有相似之处是因为它们都表达了原始风格，故C项正确。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“his mother Kate died in October 1948 and it was at some point during that winter that Rothko chanced upon the striking symmetrical rectangular blocks of two to three opposing or contrasting, yet complementary colors. As part of this new uniformity of artistic vision, his paintings and drawings no longer had individual titles…”可知，1848年冬天他偶然发现了两到三种对立但互补的颜色组成的引人注目的对称矩形方块，发展了自己的视觉艺术风格，故D项正确。
C
There is an old Chinese proverb that states “One generation plants the trees; another gets the shade,” and this is how it should be with mothers and daughters. The relationship between a mother and a daughter is sometimes confusing. The relationship can be similar to friendship. However, the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship. These characteristics include a hierarchy (等级) of responsibilities and unconditional love, which preclude mothers and daughters from being best friends.
Marina, 27 years old, said, “I love spending time with my mom, but I wouldn’t consider her my best friend. Best friends don’t pay for your wedding. Best friends don’t remind you how they carried you in their body and gave you life! Best friend: don’t tell you how wise they are because they have been alive at least 20 years longer than you.” This doesn’t mean that the mother and daughter relationship can’t be very close and satisfying.
While some adult relationships are still troubled, many find them to be extremely rewarding. This generation of mothers and adult daughters has a lot in common, which increases the likelihood of shared companionship. Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being homemakers, responsible for maintaining and passing on family values and traditions. Today contemporary mothers and daughters also share the experience of the workforce and technology, which may bring them even closer together.
Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends, but for better or worse, the mother and daughter relationship is permanent, even if for some unfortunate reason they aren’t speaking. The mother and child relationship is closer than any other. There is not an equal relationship. Daughters should not feel responsible for their mother’s emotional well-being. It isn’t that they don’t care deeply about their mothers. It’s just that they shouldn’t be burdened with their mother’s well-being.
The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other. Mothers never stop being mothers, which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feeling responsible for their happiness. Mothers always “trump (胜过)” friends.
8. What does the underlined word “preclude” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Differ. B. Prevent.
C. Benefit. D. Change.
9. What do we know from the text?
A. The mother and daughter relationship can be replaced by a best friend.
B. A mother’s love brings her and her daughter a close friendship.
C. The mother and daughter relationship goes beyond best friends’ friendship.
D. Marina has a troubled relationship with her mother.
10. How does the author mainly prove his statements?
A. By listing data. B. By giving explanations.
C. By quoting sayings. D. By making comparisons.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. How to Be a Good Mother and Daughter?
B. Who Is a Mother’s Best Friend?
C. Mothers or Friends?
D. Can a Mother Be a Daughter’s Best Friend?
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
本文是一篇议论文。作者认为，母女之间虽然有许多共同之处，她们的关系也可以很亲密，但不会成为最好的朋友，因为母女关系不同于朋友关系，它独具特点。友谊可以不再，但母女关系，无论好坏，都会永存下去。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第一段However，the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship. These characteristics include the hierarchy(等级)and unconditional love，which preclude mothers and daughters from being best friends.”可知，母女关系的特性中包含的辈分差别所带来的不同程度的责任、义务以及无条件的爱使得她们不会成为最好的朋友。后一句是对前一句的解释，说明为何母女关系不同于朋友关系。由此可知，画线词“preclude”意为“妨碍”。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段...a relationship that is not replaceable by any other.可知，母女之情是不可替代的，故A项错误；根据第一段最后两句However，the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship. These characteristics include the hierarchy(等级)and unconditional love，which preclude mothers and daughters from being best friends.可知，由于母女关系的特性中包含的辈分差别所带来的不同程度的责任、义务和无条件的爱使得她们不会成为最好的朋友，故B项错误；根据第二段第一句中I love spending time with my mom可知，D项错误；根据第四段第一句Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends，but for better or worse，the mother and daughter relationship is permanent...可知，友谊关系可以不再，但母女关系会永远存在下去，即母女关系超越了友谊。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一段是中心段，提出了作者的观点，即母女关系不同于友谊。第二段引用Marina的观点说明这种不同性；第三至五段分别从母女关系中的共性因素、不同责任因素、母爱因素阐明了引起这种不同性的原因。故可以推断出作者主要证明他的陈述是通过解释说明。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段The relationship between a mother and daughter is sometimes confusing. If close, the relationship can be similar to friendship.及全文可知，本文属于议论文，第一段是中心段，提出了作者的观点，即母女关系不同于友谊关系。其余各段分别从不同角度论证了这个观点。故选D。
D
A report released this month found that grouping children by ability is on the rise again—teaching students in groups of similar ability has improved achievements for fast and slow learners alike—and who wouldn’t want bright kids to be able to move ahead?
But for most kids, labels (标签) applied early in life tend to stick, even if they are wrong.
Sorting school children by ability has long been controversial. In some countries, especially in Asia, school-wide tracking (分流) remains normal. Children are tested and placed in different schools that direct them toward professional or vocational careers. Movement between the tracks is rare.
School-wide tracking decreased in US schools in the 1960s and 1970s. It never died out, though. Sorting students into separate tracks for math at about junior high school age continues to be common, and other forms of tracking persist as well.
Unlike tracking, which means sorting students into separate classrooms, ability grouping happens within classrooms. When done according to the latest research, it has proven to promote achievements. Ability grouping is changeable and temporary. Within classrooms, students might be divided into different learning groups dealing with materials of different levels. Any students who master concepts can move upward between groups, and the student groups might look different from subject to subject and unit to unit. For instance, a student who stands out in language arts might be at an average or slower level in math. A student who flies through multiplication tables might need extra help with fractions. Students who lag in reading can be pulled out of the classroom in small groups for practice with a tutor until their reading improves.
Research shows ability grouping within classes has more positive benefits than tracking. However, that must be weighed against the challenges involved. In many regular classrooms, the differences between student ability levels are very big. That presents challenges for teachers and low-performing students to constantly compare themselves with students who seem to fly through school with ease.
The rigid ability groups and tracking of the past are still with us in many schools. Likely, labels are applied with more caution than in the bad old days when some teachers gave reading groups not-so-secret code names like “Bluebirds”, “Robins”, “Crows” and “Buzzards”. But kids still know.
12. Why is grouping children by ability becoming popular again?
A. Because most teachers do not like slower learners.
B. Because grouping children should be done early in life.
C. Because it is academically beneficial to different learners.
D. Because fast learners can move ahead without teachers’ help.
13. By saying “Movement between the tracks is rare.” in paragraph 3, the writer really means .
A. tracking children is normal in Asia
B. school-wide tracking has decreased in US
C. professional and vocational careers are unrelated
D. sorted students can hardly change schools
14. The examples in paragraph 5 are used mainly to illustrate .
A. a good language learner promises to be good at math
B. a student might join different groups for different courses
C. ability grouping benefits gifted students more than slow ones
D. ability grouping presents no challenge for those slow students
15. What might be the challenge in regular classrooms for teachers?
A. Students’ different levels. B. Students’ low performance.
C. Constant self-comparison. D. Application of not-so-secret code.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们说明了如今很多学校依然根据学生的能力对他们进行不同的分组，这虽然对他们的学习有益，但是这种分组却一直存在争议，作者在文中讨论了这样分组的好处以及缺点。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段Unlike tracking，which means sorting students into separate classrooms，ability grouping happens within classrooms．When done according to the latest research，it has proven to promote achievement．可知学生根据他们的能力分组再次流行是因为它在学术上对不同能力的学习者是有益的，故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段Children are tested and placed in different schools that direct them toward professional or vocational careers. Movement between the tracks is rare.可知作者说"Movement between the tracks is rare．"目的是为了告诉我们一旦把学生分到不同的学校就会很难再去改变了。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题，根据第六段For instance，a student who stands out in language arts might be at an average or slower level in math. A student who flies through multiplication tables might need extra help with fractions. Students who lag in reading can be pulled out of the classroom in small groups for practice with a tutor until their reading improves．所提出的例子可知一个学生可能会加入不同的小组来学习不同的课程，故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题，根据倒数第二段In many regular classrooms，the differences between student ability levels are very big．That presents challenges for teachers and low-performing students to constantly compare themselves with students who seem to fly through school with ease．可知教师在普通课堂上的挑战是学生能力水平之间的很大的差异，故选A。
【点睛】推理判断题之根据事实细节,推断合理信息。根据事实细节,推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上,做出一定判断和推论,从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话,也可是某几句话,但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据,既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理,也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说要做到判断有据,推论有理忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意,切忌片面思考,得出片面结论。比如第2小题，这一段主要说的分组的不合理处，而且上文提到了But for most kids, labels (标签) applied early in life tend to stick, even if they are wrong.也就是说，很多孩子如果被贴上标签，即使是错的，也容易坚持下去。所以一旦孩子被分到不同的学校，就很难再改变了。因此选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If something that you’re doing doesn’t challenge you, then it doesn’t change you. We all need some normal stress in our lives, after all.___16___ So challenge the following limits:
1. Figure out what you're scared of and do it continuously.
If you're a salesman, and you're scared of talking to people personally or over the phone now, instead of being scared and thinking you'll fail, spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call. ___17___ But don't stop on the first try! Eventually, you can look at fear in the eye and say, “Go on. I'm not scared!”
2. ___18___
Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career; you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this. Some examples might be cooking, sewing, painting and so on. Apart from helping you challenge yourself, taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income.
3. Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise.
___19___ A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself. Exercise can not only help you maintain your regular weight, but also make you feel better about yourself.
4. Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.
Don't just limit yourself to your fellow travelers----try to connect with the service staff. You never know what kind of people they're going to be. Get out of your house or go online right now to book your class. ___20___
A. You should do it continuously.
B. Someone may hang up on you.
C. You don't need to go to the gym.
D. Running in the gym may be a better choice.
E. Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself.
F. Take a class for a hobby you've been wanting to develop.
G. You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone.
【答案】16. G 17. B
18. F 19. C
20. E
【解析】
试题分析：介绍了4种挑战自己的方法，有挑战才有提升。
【16题详解】
如果你贪图安逸，你不会有任何进步。第一段第一句If something that you’re doing doesn’t challenge you, then it doesn’t change you便告知，如果你做的事没有挑战，你就不会改变。可知G选项顺承了文意，故选G
【17题详解】
有人可能会挂了你的电话。第二段讲若是商人打电话就不能胆怯，后一句But don’t stop on the first try但别停止在第一次上，推断可能遇到了不好的结果，被人挂了电话。故选B
【18题详解】
为你有待提升的爱好报一个培训班。由第三段最后一句taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income报个爱好培训班也能为你带来额外收入。由此得知，此段是鼓励报爱好培训班，故选F
【19题详解】
你没有必要去体育馆。第四段介绍去挑战锻炼身体，由A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself在你家周边一个简单的9分钟跑步能为你自己创造奇迹。所以，这里没有推荐去体育馆，故选C
【20题详解】
现在就开始旅程去学会挑战你自己。由第五段标题Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people出门去让更多的认识你，得知作者鼓励现在就行动，故选E
考点:考查说明文阅读。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Today we spent the morning going through our personal belongings. We were looking for items to___21___for free at a local park. Not just any items but things people really___22___. Our aim was not to find things we no longer___23___but things we use every day that would be___24___to others.
We packed these things___25___the box and added some small toys. We added a list of local addresses and phone numbers of local___26___agencies. Inside the box a simple letter was placed. It___27___: “Please take these items and know that your life is important.___28___are difficult but these days will pass. We share what we have believing that it will___29___. Use the food to nurture your___30___and use the blankets to stay warm. Be safe and know that the human___31___can overcome anything. Do not hold your head___32___for having a need to stay warm. Someday please do the same when you can.”
This kind___33___was not because the phone rang or for any reason. It was___34___because it was the right to do. We have often seen___35___people at the park where we left the belongings. I___36___that my wife had put her favorite green coat into the box. I asked if she was___37___about it and she just replied that it had a hood (兜帽). Her answer told me why it is I who love her. She liked the coat but knew the hood could___38___someone from the rain.
Who knows where these gifts of___39___will go? How many uses can a blanket serve___40___what it was designed to do? We never go back and see what happens. It is unimportant. The right things will find the right people and that is all that counts.
21. A. put off B. put up C. give away D. give up
22. A. needed B. collected C. produced D. searched
23. A. accepted B. wanted C. carried D. bought
24. A. wonderful B. beautiful C. hopeful D. useful
25. A. around B. upon C. into D. above
26. A. working B. parking C. delivering D. helping
27. A. spoke B. read C. marked D. indicated
28. A. Ways B. Problems C. Times D. Situations
29. A. matter B. continue C. change D. depend
30. A. body B. mind C. brain D. muscle
31. A. liberty B. sprit C. health D. wisdom
32. A. forward B. aside C. around D. down
33. A. attempt B. manner C. act D. habit
34. A. suddenly B. simply C. strangely D. usually
35. A. Aimless B. homeless C. childless D. friendless
36. A. believed B. dreamed C. approve D. noticed
37. A. sure B. regretful C. worried D. anxious
38. A. separate B. prevent C. shelter D. hold
39. A. affection B. sympathy C. generosity D. honesty
40. A. other than B. rather than C. more than D. better than
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. A
【解析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，主要叙述了作者和妻子为一些无家可归的人捐衣物，这些衣物并不是自己不需要的，而是一些自己在用而且对别人也是有用的，妻子甚至将自己最喜欢的有风帽的绿色外套捐献出去，因为她知道风帽可以保护人们不受雨淋。作者认为适当的人得到适当的东西最重要。文章旨在赞扬这种无私的助人为乐的奉献精神，人人都应为他人给予爱心、温暖，也是对自己的一种回馈。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. put off推迟；B. put up提供；C. give away分发；D. give up放弃。根据上文"Today we spent the morning going through our personal belongings"可知，我们花了一个上午的时间在整理我们的私人物品，主要是在找一些可以在当地的公园免费赠送的衣物，所以C选项是正确的。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. needed需要；B. collected收集；C. produced生产；D. searched搜索。根据文章第一段的主旨大意可知，我们（所要赠送的）不是任何东西，而是人们真正需要的，所以A选项是正确的。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. accepted接受；B. wanted想要；C. carried搬运；D. bought买。根据"but things we use every day that would be …to others"，我们的目标不是找我们不想要的东西，所以B选项是正确的。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. wonderful极好的；B. beautiful美丽的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. useful有用的。根据第一段的主旨大意及"Not just any items but things people really"可知，我们所要赠送的是我们每天都用的，对别人也是有用的东西，所以D选项是正确的。
【25题详解】
考查介词辨析。A. around四处；B. upon根据；C. into深入……之中；D. above在……之上。根据句意可知，我把要赠送的东西放进盒子里面，因此介词into：进入；在里面 …符合题意，所以C选项是正确的。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. working工作；B. parking停车；C. delivering投递；D. helping帮助。根据句意可知，盒子里除了要赠送的衣物，我还加入了一些当地的地址和援助机构的地址，所以D选项是正确的。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. spoke说；B. read写着；C. marked标记；D. indicated显示。根据句意可知，在盒子里面放有一封简单的信，信上写到…，"表示…上写着，显示用"read或say"，所以B选项是正确的。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. Ways方法；B. Problems问题；C. Times时光；D. Situations情况。根据后面的句子"but these days will pass"可知，困难的时光会过去的，所以C选项是正确的。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. matter重要；B. continue继续；C. change 改变；D. depend依赖。根据句意可知，我们与别人分享我们所拥有的有用之物（即将有用的衣物赠送给别人），我们相信这很重要，"matter 重要，有影响"，所以A选项是正确的。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. body身体；B. mind理智；C. brain大脑；D. muscle肌肉。根据句意"Use the food to nurture your，use the blankets to stay warm"可知，用食物给身体增加营养，用毯子保持温暖，所以A选项是正确的。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. liberty自由；B. sprit精神；C. health健康；D. wisdom智慧。根据句意可知，人类的精神可以战胜一切，所以B选项是正确的。
【32题详解】
考查介词辨析。A. forward向前；B. aside一边；C. around四处；D. down向下。根据句意可知，不要因为需要东西保暖而低下头，副词"down 向下"，所以D选项是正确的。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. attempt企图；B. manner方式；C. act行为；D. habit习惯。根据上文"We were looking for items to for free at a local park"可知，我们在找一些东西可以在当地的公园免费的赠送，这个善举不是因为电话铃响了，或是其他什么原因，所以C选项是正确的。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. suddenly突然；B. simply简单；仅仅；C. strangely奇怪地；D. usually通常。根据句子"because it was the right to do"可知，我们为别人赠送所需的衣物，仅仅只是因为应该这么做，这是对的且有意义的事，所以B选项是正确的。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. Aimless没有目标的；B. homeless无家可归的；C. childless无子女的；D. friendless没有朋友的。根据"…for free at a local park"及"at the park where we left the belongings．"可知，我们经常在当地的公园免费的赠送衣物，所以我们经常会在公园里面看见无家可归的人，所以B选项是正确的。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. believed相信；B. dreamed梦想；C. approve批准；D. noticed注意到。根据句意可知，我注意到我的妻子把她最喜欢的绿色的外套放在盒子里面，所以D选项是正确的。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. sure确信的；B. regretful后悔的；C. worried担忧的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据"my wife had put her favorite green coat into one of the boxes"可知，我问妻子是否能够确定她最喜欢的绿色的外套也要放在盒子里一并赠送出去，所以A选项是正确的。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. separate分开；B. prevent阻止；C. shelter 庇护；D. hold持有。根据句意可知，妻子之所以要赠送最喜欢的绿色的外套，是因为衣服有风帽她知道风帽可以保护人们不受雨淋，"shelter sb from sth 保护；保护某人不受…，抵挡，躲避"，故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. affection 爱情；B. sympathy同情；C. generosity慷慨；D. honesty诚实。根据上下文语境可知，作者及妻子把自己有用的同时对别人也有用得衣物赠送出来是同情怜悯这些无家可归的人，对他们施以爱心，谁知道这些同情的礼物会去往什么地方，所以B选项是正确的。
【40题详解】
考查短语辨析。A. other than除了；B. rather than宁愿；C. more than不仅仅；D. better than好于。根据句意可知，除了毯子本来的用途，他们还可以用作什么？所以A选项是正确的。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has developed a technology that is able to transform desert lands into available soil. The technology___41___(develop) several years ago by researchers at Chongqing Jiaotong University, They invented a paste (黏合剂)___42___(make) of a material found in plant cell walls that, when mixed___43___sand, is able to keep water, nutrients and air.
According to CGTN (中国国际电视台), Chinese scientists have achieved success in growing crops in areas with bad conditions caused by lack of rain and___44___(extreme) hot temperatures. One particular area is in a desert in North China’s Inner Mongolia. Over 70 kinds of crops are growing there. Many are not planted by humans but they just grow___45___(they), And the costs of artificial materials and machines for transforming sand into soil is much___46___(low) compared with regular methods. Now, nearly 500 acres of sand is being turned into farms producing corn,___47___(tomato) and sunflowers. A reforestation (重造森林) project is also currently in progress,___48___is set to reforest 50% of desert land in three years.
Researchers are looking into expanding their project this fall, with___49___plan to transform another 500 acres of desert. In the next few years, the scientists are___50___(confidence) that they can turn over 30,000 acres more into rich ground.
【答案】41. was developed
42. made 43. with
44. extremely
45. themselves
46. lower 47. tomatoes
48. which 49. a
50. confident
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。中国已经开发出一种能把沙漠土地变成可用土壤的技术。这项技术是几年前由重庆交通大学的研究人员开发的。在接下来的几年里，科学家们相信他们可以把3万英亩土地变成肥沃的土地。
【41题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：这项技术是几年前由重庆交通大学的研究人员开发的。句子主语The technology 和develop之间是被动关系，再根据several years ago可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为was developed。
【42题详解】
考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：他们发明了一种由植物细胞壁中发现的一种材料制成的糊状物，这种材料与沙子混合后可以保持水分、营养和空气。此处a paste和make之间是一种被动关系，这里是过去分词做后置定语，故答案为made。
【43题详解】
考查固定词组。句意：他们发明了一种由植物细胞壁中发现的一种材料制成的糊状物，这种材料与沙子混合后可以保持水分、营养和空气。mix---with---“把---和---混合在一起”，故答案为with。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：据CGTN报道，中国科学家已经成功地在缺少雨水和极端高温的恶劣条件下种植农作物。此处hot是形容词，副词修饰形容词，故答案为extremely。
【45题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：许多不是人类种植的，而是自己生长的。结合句意可知此处用反身代词，故答案为themselves。
【46题详解】
考查比较级。句意：而人工材料和机器将沙子转化成土壤的成本比常规方法要低得多。much修饰比较级，结合句意可知答案为lower。
【47题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：现在，将近500英亩的沙子正在变成种植玉米、西红柿和向日葵的农场。结合句意可知此处用名词复数，故答案为tomatoes。
【48题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一个重新造林项目目前也在进行中，该项目将在三年内重新造林50%的沙漠土地。此处project是先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，故答案为which。
【49题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：研究人员正在考虑今年秋天扩大他们的项目，计划改造另外500英亩的沙漠。结合句意可知答案为a。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在接下来的几年里，科学家们相信他们可以把3万英亩土地变成肥沃的土地。be动词后面用形容词作表语，故答案为confident。
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题第8小题中先行词为名词project，再分析先行词project在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词project带到从句中可知，只能作地点状语，故确定关系词为which。
第四部分 写作（共三节，满分45分）
第一节 词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据句意及英语或汉语提示，用单词的正确形式填空。
51. With trembling hands Mr. Utterson opened the____________(信封) and read the letter.
52. Hundreds of____________(请柬) are being sent out this week.
53. Teaching young children is a____________(挑战的) and rewarding job.
54. The salesgirl pretended not to hear me and went on____________(闲谈) with a lady in blue.
55. How does one gain____________(准许进入) to the Buckingham Palace?
56. There are strong____________(argue) for and against capital punishment.
57. Had he anything to say in____________(explain) of his behavior.
58. If the exercise causes____________(comfort), stop immediately.
59. She has been fully____________(occupy) with work recently.
60. When will they finish the____________(decorate) of the bathroom?
【答案】51. envelope
52. invitations
53. challenging
54. chatting
55. admission
56. arguments
57. explanation
58. discomfort
59. occupied
60. decoration
【解析】
本句考查单词短语的用法。
【51题详解】
句意：Utterson先生颤抖着双手打开信封读信。根据上文定冠词the
【52题详解】
句意：本周将发出数百份请帖。invitation是可数名词，被Hundreds of修饰应用复数形式。
【53题详解】
句意：教幼儿是一项富有挑战性和回报的工作。根据后文的and rewarding可知填形容词性challenging。
【54题详解】
句意：女售货员假装没听见，继续和一位穿蓝衣服的女士聊天。go on doing“继续做某事”后跟-ing，故填chatting。
【55题详解】
句意：怎样才能获准进入白金汉宫？gain为动词后跟名词作宾语，故填admission。
【56题详解】
句意：赞成和反对死刑都有充分的理由。strong为形容词修饰名词，且根据上文谓语为are，故填名词复数形式arguments。
【57题详解】
句意：他对自己的行为有什么可解释的吗?根据后文的of his behavior为无生命所有格可知填名词形式explanation。
【58题详解】
句意：如果运动引起不适，立即停止。根据上下文语境应填名词形式discomfort。
【59题详解】
句意：她最近一直忙于工作。短语be occupied with sth.“忙于某事”，故填occupied。
【60题详解】
句意：他们什么时候完成浴室的装修？根据下文of the bathroom可知为无生命所有格，故填名词形式decoration。
第二节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
61.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I’m Li Hua, a senior three student in our school. Last Monday I received three America students. We had a wonderful time. And I tasted the pleased feeling of friendship.
In the afternoon, after divided into two groups, we began to work for the coming English speech contest. Just as I was wondering what to do next, I saw a familiar figure passed by our classroom. It was my English teacher, I wondered that he would say, He said that it was a competition that everyone would like to take part in it. He added that I was pretty fluent with English, but I needed to arrange my time good.
In the evening, at about half past ten, we finished working. I don’t know the result, but I’m sure without our help, winning the championship will be the effort.
【答案】短文改错（一题1分，共10分）：
1. America→American
2. pleased→pleasing/pleasant
3. after之后加being
4. passed→passing
5. take part in后面的it去掉
6. that→what
7. with→in
8. good→well
9. our→their/ his
10. the→an
【解析】
1. 考查形容词。形容词American（美国的）作定语修饰名词students。故America→American.
2. 考查形容词。形容词pleased（高兴的）；形容词pleasing/pleasant（令人高兴的）修饰名词feeling（情感）。故pleased→pleasing/pleasant.
3. 考查动名词。介词after后接名词或动名词，所以要用动名词的被动语态形式（being done）作宾语，故 after之后加being.
4. 考查动名词。固定结构：see sb. doing sth.（看到某人正在做某事），故passed→passing.
5. 考查代词。定语从句中关系代词that已经作了介词in的宾语，故take part in后面的it去掉.
6. 考查代词。宾语从句中用what作动词say的宾语，而that不作任何成份。故that→what.
7. 考查介词。固定短语：in English（用英语），故with→in.
8. 考查副词。副词well作状语，修饰谓语动词，故 good→well.
9. 考查代词。根据句意：但我相信没有他/他们的帮助，赢得冠军还将需要一份努力的。故our→their/ his.
10. 考查冠词。句意：但我相信没有他/他们的帮助，赢得冠军还将需要一份努力的。此处用an表示“一份”修饰可数名词effort（努力），故 the→an.
第三节 书面表达（满分25分）
62.假定你是李华，今年暑假你将参加“英国名校两周游”夏令营，计划7月份在伦敦逗留三天（7月13至15日），并住在Wellington Hotel。你想与去年在你家接待过的英国学生 Charlie见面，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 简单介绍伦敦的行程；
2. 希望见面并商量见面的时间和地点。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Charlie,
How time flies! It has been almost a year since your last visit. ______________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Charlie,
How time flies! It has been almost a year since your last visit. How is everything going with you and your family? My parents and I miss you very much.
This summer vacation, I will join a two week camp to visit some of the famous universities in the UK. It is scheduled that we will stay in Landon from July 12th to 15th. We are planning to have a tour of London on the first two days, when we will visit some popular tourist attractions such as the Tower of London, Westminster Abby and Buckingham Palace.
I want to see you very much. I am wondering if we could make it on the afternoon of July 14th at the Wellington Hotel, where we will be staying. We won’t have any planned activities then. Please let me know if it is convenient for you.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一篇记叙文；假设你是红星中学学生李华。你和同学在寒假期间去医院参加了志愿者活动，请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序，给校刊英语角写一篇英文稿件，介绍此次经历。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：summer vacation （暑假）；tourist attractions（旅游景点），the Tower of London（大本钟），planned activities（活动安排）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如We are planning to have a tour of London on the first two days, when we will visit some popular tourist attractions such as the Tower of London, Westminster Abby and Buckingham Palace.时间状语从句运用。I am wondering if we could make it on the afternoon of July 14th at the Wellington Hotel, where we will be staying.定语从句的运用。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
英语试题
本试卷满分130分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will the woman go to the Grand Hotel?
A. By taxi. B. By car. C. On foot.
2. How much should the man pay altogether?
A. $20. B. $60. C. $70.
3. What is the weather like now?
A. Hot. B. Cool. C. Rainy.
4. What is the man doing?
A. Doing shopping.
B. Checking in at a hotel.
C. Looking for a house to buy.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The man’s volunteer experience.
B. Their summer vacation.
C. The wildlife protection center.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man complain?
A. His bag is too heavy.
B. His home is too far.
C. The things are too expensive.
7. What do we know about the woman?
A. She does not like to travel.
B. She has been to Hong Kong before.
C. She bought many presents for her kids.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers going to do?
A. Watch a game. B. Go home. C. Pick up Jack.
9. What does the man work as?
A. A photographer. B. A soccer player. C. A bank clerk.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How does the man suggest advertising their new product?
A. On the Internet. B. In the local newspaper. C. On the radio.
11. Why does the man make the suggestion?
A. It will bring in more business.
B. I1 is effective and costs little.
C. It will reach a bigger audience.
12. Who will the man speak to?
A. A co-worker. B. A customer. C. A friend.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Salesman and customer. C. Husband and wife.
14. What does the man prefer to buy?
A. A necklace. B. A photo album. C. Flowers.
15. What does the woman think of the English books?
A. They are helpful.
B. They are difficult to choose.
C. They are inconvenient to carry.
16. What can we learn about the speakers at last?
A. They will choose a CD as a present.
B. They have a lot of things to buy.
C. They don’t reach an agreement.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What tickets are still available?
A. The ones for Spider and Rose.
B. The ones for the piano concert.
C. The ones for Twelfth Night.
18. Why will the bus leave at 3:30?
A. To avoid missing the shows.
B. To have free time at the Arts Center.
C. To get enough time for the long journey.
19. What should the listeners pay to see?
A. The Scottish jewellery.
B. The Russian ballet exhibition.
C. The South American photographs.
20. When should the listeners get back on the bus?
A. By 10:10. B. By 10:15. C. By 10:20.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A notice at IKEA Shanghai has been shared widely among netizens on Chinese social media. It states that the stores cafeteria now requires customers to order food before sitting down in cafeteria seats. The policy is in response to an elderly blind dating group that occupies seats for a long time, consuming only their own food brought from home. Do you support IKEA’s new regulation? China Daily readers share their opinions with us.
Lee Xin (China)
The elderly are harmless. They are lonely and are probably hoping to find some company again. If anything, the store should at least sympathize with these old people.
Mbursian (US)
This is more for socializing than for romance. I really don’t think a home furnishing store is a good dating place for seniors.
IKEA could also post a reasonable time limit per visit during peak hours. Or instead of tables and chairs, they could use those standing tables and get rid of the chairs altogether. At least IKEA’s cafeteria isn’t occupied by the dancing grannies and their portable PA systems (音响).
SEARU (Australia)
Romance is the most important thing while eating is not that important! So a noble man always leaves more space for seniors’ love affairs!
Mr. Qiu (Shanghai, China 65 years old)
We have been to fast food outlets like McDonalds, but there are barely any peers there. We feel like aliens surrounded by youngsters. If there is another place in Shanghai where elderly people can gather, we are more than ready to pay twice as much and travel further.
TedM (UK)
Romance can arise in many places, even IKEA. However, this debate arose as a result of many people taking advantage of IKEA’s generous drink offers and going there to meet and stay with friends without buying anything. IKEA is a shop; it exists to provide a service for a reasonable profit. It is not a public park.
Michel (New Zealand)
To everyone romanticizing this, please also consider that the store has an image to uphold while protecting the interests of other paying customers. It is ugly to take up seats for such long durations while you make others wait.
1. How many people are in support of this new regulation?
A. 2. B. 3.
C. 4. D. 5.
2. What is the major cause of this new regulation?
A. Senior blind dates influencing their business.
B. IKEA has zero tolerance for romantic behavior.
C. The strong reaction of netizens on social media.
D. Old people eating their own food to save money.
3. People who are against the new regulation will probably agree that .
A. seniors’ love affairs can contribute to the store’s image
B. IKEA is the only place where seniors can find their peers
C. the society is being too judgmental and lacks understanding
D. IKEA should not reserve a special area for the old people to date
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
文章就宜家的新规定进行了讨论。每个人都给出了自己的观点和看法。
【1题详解】
B细节理解题。由文章可知Mbursian (US)，TedM (UK)和Michel (New Zealand)都是支持这一政策的，故选B。
【2题详解】
A细节理解题。根据文章第一段The policy is in response to an elderly blind dating group that occupies seats for a long time，consuming only their own food brought from home．这项政策是为了回应一个长期坐在座位上，只吃自己从家里带回来的食物的老年盲人约会团体。可知是为了老人盲约团影响了他们的生意。故选A。
【3题详解】
C推理判断题。根据文章中几个不赞同的人的观点可以看出他们认为商家应该同情老人，为老人的爱情留出更多的空间，可知他们认为这项新规定太过审判性和缺少理解。故选C。
B
Mark Rothko, one of the greatest painters of the twentieth century, was born in Daugavpils, Latvia in 1903. His father immigrated to the United States, fearing that his son would be drafted (招募) into the Czarist army. Mark stayed in Russia with his mother and elder sister; they joined the family later, arriving in the winter of 1913, after a 12-day voyage.
Mark moved to New York in the autumn of 1923 and found employment in the garment trade and took up residence on the Upper West Side. It was while he was visiting someone at the Art Students League that he saw students sketching a nude model. According to him, this was the start of his life as an artist. He was twenty years old and had taken some art lessons at school, so his initial experience was far from an immediate calling.
In 1936, Mark Rothko began writing a book, which he never completed about the similarities in the children’s art and the work of modern painters. The work of modernists, which was influenced by primitive (原始的) art, according to him, could be compared to that of children in that “Child art transforms itself into primitivism (原始主义), which is only the child producing a mimicry (模仿) of himself.” However, in this same work, he said that “The fact that one usually begins with drawing is already academic. We start with the colors.”
It was not long before his multiform developed into the style he is remembered for; in 1949 Rothko exhibited these new works at the Betty Parsons Gallery. For critic Harold Rosenberg, the paintings were a revelation. After painting his first multiform, Rothko withdrew himself to his home in East Hampton on Long Island. The discovery of his definitive form came at a period of great grief; his mother Kate died in October 1948 and it was at some point during that winter that Rothko chanced upon the striking symmetrical (对称的) rectangular blocks of two to three opposing or contrasting, yet complementary colors (对称). As part of this new uniformity of artistic vision, his paintings and drawings no longer had individual titles: from this point on they were simply untitled, numbered or dated. However, to assist in distinguishing one work from another, dealers would sometimes add the primary colors to the name.
4. Mark Rothko’s family have experienced all of the following except .
A. a separation from his father B. the call up of the army
C. a temporary stay in Russia D. a 12-day voyage to the United States
5. What made Mark Rothko want to be an artist?
A. His move to the Upper West Side.
B. His visit to the Art Students League.
C. His sight of the students’ drawing.
D. His lessons took in art school.
6. Mark Rothko thought modern art share some similarities with child art because .
A. they are both considered childish and academic
B. they are both ways of expressing primitivism
C. they are both a copy of the painters themselves
D. they ate both striking blocks and colors
7. Which of the following statements is true about Mark Rothko’s style?
A. It was inspired by Rosenberg.
B. It resulted from moving to Long Island.
C. It resulted from his grief.
D. It evolved (develop gradually) in 1948.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了20世纪最伟大的画家之一马克罗斯科的生平及艺术风格。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段内容故可知，他的父亲移居美国，他和母亲临时呆在俄罗斯，后来经过12天航行才到美国和父亲重聚，根据“His father immigrated to the United States, afraid that his sons would be drafted into the Czarist army.”可知，他的父亲只是担心儿子们会应征加入沙皇军队，由此可知他并没有被军队召集，故B项正确。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It was while he was visiting someone at the Art Students League that he saw students sketching a nude model. According to him, this was the start of his life as an artist. ”可知，目睹学生们画画让他开始有了当艺术家的想法，故C项正确。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The work of modernists, which was influenced by primitive art, could, according to him, be compared to that of children in that "child art transforms itself into primitivism, which is only the child producing a mimicry of himself." ”可知，他认为现代艺术与儿童艺术有相似之处是因为它们都表达了原始风格，故C项正确。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“his mother Kate died in October 1948 and it was at some point during that winter that Rothko chanced upon the striking symmetrical rectangular blocks of two to three opposing or contrasting, yet complementary colors. As part of this new uniformity of artistic vision, his paintings and drawings no longer had individual titles…”可知，1848年冬天他偶然发现了两到三种对立但互补的颜色组成的引人注目的对称矩形方块，发展了自己的视觉艺术风格，故D项正确。
C
There is an old Chinese proverb that states “One generation plants the trees; another gets the shade,” and this is how it should be with mothers and daughters. The relationship between a mother and a daughter is sometimes confusing. The relationship can be similar to friendship. However, the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship. These characteristics include a hierarchy (等级) of responsibilities and unconditional love, which preclude mothers and daughters from being best friends.
Marina, 27 years old, said, “I love spending time with my mom, but I wouldn’t consider her my best friend. Best friends don’t pay for your wedding. Best friends don’t remind you how they carried you in their body and gave you life! Best friend: don’t tell you how wise they are because they have been alive at least 20 years longer than you.” This doesn’t mean that the mother and daughter relationship can’t be very close and satisfying.
While some adult relationships are still troubled, many find them to be extremely rewarding. This generation of mothers and adult daughters has a lot in common, which increases the likelihood of shared companionship. Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being homemakers, responsible for maintaining and passing on family values and traditions. Today contemporary mothers and daughters also share the experience of the workforce and technology, which may bring them even closer together.
Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends, but for better or worse, the mother and daughter relationship is permanent, even if for some unfortunate reason they aren’t speaking. The mother and child relationship is closer than any other. There is not an equal relationship. Daughters should not feel responsible for their mother’s emotional well-being. It isn’t that they don’t care deeply about their mothers. It’s just that they shouldn’t be burdened with their mother’s well-being.
The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other. Mothers never stop being mothers, which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feeling responsible for their happiness. Mothers always “trump (胜过)” friends.
8. What does the underlined word “preclude” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Differ. B. Prevent.
C. Benefit. D. Change.
9. What do we know from the text?
A. The mother and daughter relationship can be replaced by a best friend.
B. A mother’s love brings her and her daughter a close friendship.
C. The mother and daughter relationship goes beyond best friends’ friendship.
D. Marina has a troubled relationship with her mother.
10. How does the author mainly prove his statements?
A. By listing data. B. By giving explanations.
C. By quoting sayings. D. By making comparisons.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. How to Be a Good Mother and Daughter?
B. Who Is a Mother’s Best Friend?
C. Mothers or Friends?
D. Can a Mother Be a Daughter’s Best Friend?
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
本文是一篇议论文。作者认为，母女之间虽然有许多共同之处，她们的关系也可以很亲密，但不会成为最好的朋友，因为母女关系不同于朋友关系，它独具特点。友谊可以不再，但母女关系，无论好坏，都会永存下去。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第一段However，the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship. These characteristics include the hierarchy(等级)and unconditional love，which preclude mothers and daughters from being best friends.”可知，母女关系的特性中包含的辈分差别所带来的不同程度的责任、义务以及无条件的爱使得她们不会成为最好的朋友。后一句是对前一句的解释，说明为何母女关系不同于朋友关系。由此可知，画线词“preclude”意为“妨碍”。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段...a relationship that is not replaceable by any other.可知，母女之情是不可替代的，故A项错误；根据第一段最后两句However，the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship. These characteristics include the hierarchy(等级)and unconditional love，which preclude mothers and daughters from being best friends.可知，由于母女关系的特性中包含的辈分差别所带来的不同程度的责任、义务和无条件的爱使得她们不会成为最好的朋友，故B项错误；根据第二段第一句中I love spending time with my mom可知，D项错误；根据第四段第一句Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends，but for better or worse，the mother and daughter relationship is permanent...可知，友谊关系可以不再，但母女关系会永远存在下去，即母女关系超越了友谊。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一段是中心段，提出了作者的观点，即母女关系不同于友谊。第二段引用Marina的观点说明这种不同性；第三至五段分别从母女关系中的共性因素、不同责任因素、母爱因素阐明了引起这种不同性的原因。故可以推断出作者主要证明他的陈述是通过解释说明。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段The relationship between a mother and daughter is sometimes confusing. If close, the relationship can be similar to friendship.及全文可知，本文属于议论文，第一段是中心段，提出了作者的观点，即母女关系不同于友谊关系。其余各段分别从不同角度论证了这个观点。故选D。
D
A report released this month found that grouping children by ability is on the rise again—teaching students in groups of similar ability has improved achievements for fast and slow learners alike—and who wouldn’t want bright kids to be able to move ahead?
But for most kids, labels (标签) applied early in life tend to stick, even if they are wrong.
Sorting school children by ability has long been controversial. In some countries, especially in Asia, school-wide tracking (分流) remains normal. Children are tested and placed in different schools that direct them toward professional or vocational careers. Movement between the tracks is rare.
School-wide tracking decreased in US schools in the 1960s and 1970s. It never died out, though. Sorting students into separate tracks for math at about junior high school age continues to be common, and other forms of tracking persist as well.
Unlike tracking, which means sorting students into separate classrooms, ability grouping happens within classrooms. When done according to the latest research, it has proven to promote achievements. Ability grouping is changeable and temporary. Within classrooms, students might be divided into different learning groups dealing with materials of different levels. Any students who master concepts can move upward between groups, and the student groups might look different from subject to subject and unit to unit. For instance, a student who stands out in language arts might be at an average or slower level in math. A student who flies through multiplication tables might need extra help with fractions. Students who lag in reading can be pulled out of the classroom in small groups for practice with a tutor until their reading improves.
Research shows ability grouping within classes has more positive benefits than tracking. However, that must be weighed against the challenges involved. In many regular classrooms, the differences between student ability levels are very big. That presents challenges for teachers and low-performing students to constantly compare themselves with students who seem to fly through school with ease.
The rigid ability groups and tracking of the past are still with us in many schools. Likely, labels are applied with more caution than in the bad old days when some teachers gave reading groups not-so-secret code names like “Bluebirds”, “Robins”, “Crows” and “Buzzards”. But kids still know.
12. Why is grouping children by ability becoming popular again?
A. Because most teachers do not like slower learners.
B. Because grouping children should be done early in life.
C. Because it is academically beneficial to different learners.
D. Because fast learners can move ahead without teachers’ help.
13. By saying “Movement between the tracks is rare.” in paragraph 3, the writer really means .
A. tracking children is normal in Asia
B. school-wide tracking has decreased in US
C. professional and vocational careers are unrelated
D. sorted students can hardly change schools
14. The examples in paragraph 5 are used mainly to illustrate .
A. a good language learner promises to be good at math
B. a student might join different groups for different courses
C. ability grouping benefits gifted students more than slow ones
D. ability grouping presents no challenge for those slow students
15. What might be the challenge in regular classrooms for teachers?
A. Students’ different levels. B. Students’ low performance.
C. Constant self-comparison. D. Application of not-so-secret code.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们说明了如今很多学校依然根据学生的能力对他们进行不同的分组，这虽然对他们的学习有益，但是这种分组却一直存在争议，作者在文中讨论了这样分组的好处以及缺点。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段Unlike tracking，which means sorting students into separate classrooms，ability grouping happens within classrooms．When done according to the latest research，it has proven to promote achievement．可知学生根据他们的能力分组再次流行是因为它在学术上对不同能力的学习者是有益的，故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段Children are tested and placed in different schools that direct them toward professional or vocational careers. Movement between the tracks is rare.可知作者说"Movement between the tracks is rare．"目的是为了告诉我们一旦把学生分到不同的学校就会很难再去改变了。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题，根据第六段For instance，a student who stands out in language arts might be at an average or slower level in math. A student who flies through multiplication tables might need extra help with fractions. Students who lag in reading can be pulled out of the classroom in small groups for practice with a tutor until their reading improves．所提出的例子可知一个学生可能会加入不同的小组来学习不同的课程，故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题，根据倒数第二段In many regular classrooms，the differences between student ability levels are very big．That presents challenges for teachers and low-performing students to constantly compare themselves with students who seem to fly through school with ease．可知教师在普通课堂上的挑战是学生能力水平之间的很大的差异，故选A。
【点睛】推理判断题之根据事实细节,推断合理信息。根据事实细节,推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上,做出一定判断和推论,从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话,也可是某几句话,但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据,既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理,也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说要做到判断有据,推论有理忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意,切忌片面思考,得出片面结论。比如第2小题，这一段主要说的分组的不合理处，而且上文提到了But for most kids, labels (标签) applied early in life tend to stick, even if they are wrong.也就是说，很多孩子如果被贴上标签，即使是错的，也容易坚持下去。所以一旦孩子被分到不同的学校，就很难再改变了。因此选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If something that you’re doing doesn’t challenge you, then it doesn’t change you. We all need some normal stress in our lives, after all.___16___ So challenge the following limits:
1. Figure out what you're scared of and do it continuously.
If you're a salesman, and you're scared of talking to people personally or over the phone now, instead of being scared and thinking you'll fail, spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call. ___17___ But don't stop on the first try! Eventually, you can look at fear in the eye and say, “Go on. I'm not scared!”
2. ___18___
Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career; you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this. Some examples might be cooking, sewing, painting and so on. Apart from helping you challenge yourself, taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income.
3. Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise.
___19___ A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself. Exercise can not only help you maintain your regular weight, but also make you feel better about yourself.
4. Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.
Don't just limit yourself to your fellow travelers----try to connect with the service staff. You never know what kind of people they're going to be. Get out of your house or go online right now to book your class. ___20___
A. You should do it continuously.
B. Someone may hang up on you.
C. You don't need to go to the gym.
D. Running in the gym may be a better choice.
E. Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself.
F. Take a class for a hobby you've been wanting to develop.
G. You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone.
【答案】16. G 17. B
18. F 19. C
20. E
【解析】
试题分析：介绍了4种挑战自己的方法，有挑战才有提升。
【16题详解】
如果你贪图安逸，你不会有任何进步。第一段第一句If something that you’re doing doesn’t challenge you, then it doesn’t change you便告知，如果你做的事没有挑战，你就不会改变。可知G选项顺承了文意，故选G
【17题详解】
有人可能会挂了你的电话。第二段讲若是商人打电话就不能胆怯，后一句But don’t stop on the first try但别停止在第一次上，推断可能遇到了不好的结果，被人挂了电话。故选B
【18题详解】
为你有待提升的爱好报一个培训班。由第三段最后一句taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income报个爱好培训班也能为你带来额外收入。由此得知，此段是鼓励报爱好培训班，故选F
【19题详解】
你没有必要去体育馆。第四段介绍去挑战锻炼身体，由A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself在你家周边一个简单的9分钟跑步能为你自己创造奇迹。所以，这里没有推荐去体育馆，故选C
【20题详解】
现在就开始旅程去学会挑战你自己。由第五段标题Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people出门去让更多的认识你，得知作者鼓励现在就行动，故选E
考点:考查说明文阅读。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Today we spent the morning going through our personal belongings. We were looking for items to___21___for free at a local park. Not just any items but things people really___22___. Our aim was not to find things we no longer___23___but things we use every day that would be___24___to others.
We packed these things___25___the box and added some small toys. We added a list of local addresses and phone numbers of local___26___agencies. Inside the box a simple letter was placed. It___27___: “Please take these items and know that your life is important.___28___are difficult but these days will pass. We share what we have believing that it will___29___. Use the food to nurture your___30___and use the blankets to stay warm. Be safe and know that the human___31___can overcome anything. Do not hold your head___32___for having a need to stay warm. Someday please do the same when you can.”
This kind___33___was not because the phone rang or for any reason. It was___34___because it was the right to do. We have often seen___35___people at the park where we left the belongings. I___36___that my wife had put her favorite green coat into the box. I asked if she was___37___about it and she just replied that it had a hood (兜帽). Her answer told me why it is I who love her. She liked the coat but knew the hood could___38___someone from the rain.
Who knows where these gifts of___39___will go? How many uses can a blanket serve___40___what it was designed to do? We never go back and see what happens. It is unimportant. The right things will find the right people and that is all that counts.
21. A. put off B. put up C. give away D. give up
22. A. needed B. collected C. produced D. searched
23. A. accepted B. wanted C. carried D. bought
24. A. wonderful B. beautiful C. hopeful D. useful
25. A. around B. upon C. into D. above
26. A. working B. parking C. delivering D. helping
27. A. spoke B. read C. marked D. indicated
28. A. Ways B. Problems C. Times D. Situations
29. A. matter B. continue C. change D. depend
30. A. body B. mind C. brain D. muscle
31. A. liberty B. sprit C. health D. wisdom
32. A. forward B. aside C. around D. down
33. A. attempt B. manner C. act D. habit
34. A. suddenly B. simply C. strangely D. usually
35. A. Aimless B. homeless C. childless D. friendless
36. A. believed B. dreamed C. approve D. noticed
37. A. sure B. regretful C. worried D. anxious
38. A. separate B. prevent C. shelter D. hold
39. A. affection B. sympathy C. generosity D. honesty
40. A. other than B. rather than C. more than D. better than
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. A
【解析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，主要叙述了作者和妻子为一些无家可归的人捐衣物，这些衣物并不是自己不需要的，而是一些自己在用而且对别人也是有用的，妻子甚至将自己最喜欢的有风帽的绿色外套捐献出去，因为她知道风帽可以保护人们不受雨淋。作者认为适当的人得到适当的东西最重要。文章旨在赞扬这种无私的助人为乐的奉献精神，人人都应为他人给予爱心、温暖，也是对自己的一种回馈。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. put off推迟；B. put up提供；C. give away分发；D. give up放弃。根据上文"Today we spent the morning going through our personal belongings"可知，我们花了一个上午的时间在整理我们的私人物品，主要是在找一些可以在当地的公园免费赠送的衣物，所以C选项是正确的。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. needed需要；B. collected收集；C. produced生产；D. searched搜索。根据文章第一段的主旨大意可知，我们（所要赠送的）不是任何东西，而是人们真正需要的，所以A选项是正确的。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. accepted接受；B. wanted想要；C. carried搬运；D. bought买。根据"but things we use every day that would be …to others"，我们的目标不是找我们不想要的东西，所以B选项是正确的。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. wonderful极好的；B. beautiful美丽的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. useful有用的。根据第一段的主旨大意及"Not just any items but things people really"可知，我们所要赠送的是我们每天都用的，对别人也是有用的东西，所以D选项是正确的。
【25题详解】
考查介词辨析。A. around四处；B. upon根据；C. into深入……之中；D. above在……之上。根据句意可知，我把要赠送的东西放进盒子里面，因此介词into：进入；在里面 …符合题意，所以C选项是正确的。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. working工作；B. parking停车；C. delivering投递；D. helping帮助。根据句意可知，盒子里除了要赠送的衣物，我还加入了一些当地的地址和援助机构的地址，所以D选项是正确的。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. spoke说；B. read写着；C. marked标记；D. indicated显示。根据句意可知，在盒子里面放有一封简单的信，信上写到…，"表示…上写着，显示用"read或say"，所以B选项是正确的。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. Ways方法；B. Problems问题；C. Times时光；D. Situations情况。根据后面的句子"but these days will pass"可知，困难的时光会过去的，所以C选项是正确的。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. matter重要；B. continue继续；C. change 改变；D. depend依赖。根据句意可知，我们与别人分享我们所拥有的有用之物（即将有用的衣物赠送给别人），我们相信这很重要，"matter 重要，有影响"，所以A选项是正确的。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. body身体；B. mind理智；C. brain大脑；D. muscle肌肉。根据句意"Use the food to nurture your，use the blankets to stay warm"可知，用食物给身体增加营养，用毯子保持温暖，所以A选项是正确的。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. liberty自由；B. sprit精神；C. health健康；D. wisdom智慧。根据句意可知，人类的精神可以战胜一切，所以B选项是正确的。
【32题详解】
考查介词辨析。A. forward向前；B. aside一边；C. around四处；D. down向下。根据句意可知，不要因为需要东西保暖而低下头，副词"down 向下"，所以D选项是正确的。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. attempt企图；B. manner方式；C. act行为；D. habit习惯。根据上文"We were looking for items to for free at a local park"可知，我们在找一些东西可以在当地的公园免费的赠送，这个善举不是因为电话铃响了，或是其他什么原因，所以C选项是正确的。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. suddenly突然；B. simply简单；仅仅；C. strangely奇怪地；D. usually通常。根据句子"because it was the right to do"可知，我们为别人赠送所需的衣物，仅仅只是因为应该这么做，这是对的且有意义的事，所以B选项是正确的。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. Aimless没有目标的；B. homeless无家可归的；C. childless无子女的；D. friendless没有朋友的。根据"…for free at a local park"及"at the park where we left the belongings．"可知，我们经常在当地的公园免费的赠送衣物，所以我们经常会在公园里面看见无家可归的人，所以B选项是正确的。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. believed相信；B. dreamed梦想；C. approve批准；D. noticed注意到。根据句意可知，我注意到我的妻子把她最喜欢的绿色的外套放在盒子里面，所以D选项是正确的。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. sure确信的；B. regretful后悔的；C. worried担忧的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据"my wife had put her favorite green coat into one of the boxes"可知，我问妻子是否能够确定她最喜欢的绿色的外套也要放在盒子里一并赠送出去，所以A选项是正确的。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. separate分开；B. prevent阻止；C. shelter 庇护；D. hold持有。根据句意可知，妻子之所以要赠送最喜欢的绿色的外套，是因为衣服有风帽她知道风帽可以保护人们不受雨淋，"shelter sb from sth 保护；保护某人不受…，抵挡，躲避"，故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. affection 爱情；B. sympathy同情；C. generosity慷慨；D. honesty诚实。根据上下文语境可知，作者及妻子把自己有用的同时对别人也有用得衣物赠送出来是同情怜悯这些无家可归的人，对他们施以爱心，谁知道这些同情的礼物会去往什么地方，所以B选项是正确的。
【40题详解】
考查短语辨析。A. other than除了；B. rather than宁愿；C. more than不仅仅；D. better than好于。根据句意可知，除了毯子本来的用途，他们还可以用作什么？所以A选项是正确的。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has developed a technology that is able to transform desert lands into available soil. The technology___41___(develop) several years ago by researchers at Chongqing Jiaotong University, They invented a paste (黏合剂)___42___(make) of a material found in plant cell walls that, when mixed___43___sand, is able to keep water, nutrients and air.
According to CGTN (中国国际电视台), Chinese scientists have achieved success in growing crops in areas with bad conditions caused by lack of rain and___44___(extreme) hot temperatures. One particular area is in a desert in North China’s Inner Mongolia. Over 70 kinds of crops are growing there. Many are not planted by humans but they just grow___45___(they), And the costs of artificial materials and machines for transforming sand into soil is much___46___(low) compared with regular methods. Now, nearly 500 acres of sand is being turned into farms producing corn,___47___(tomato) and sunflowers. A reforestation (重造森林) project is also currently in progress,___48___is set to reforest 50% of desert land in three years.
Researchers are looking into expanding their project this fall, with___49___plan to transform another 500 acres of desert. In the next few years, the scientists are___50___(confidence) that they can turn over 30,000 acres more into rich ground.
【答案】41. was developed
42. made 43. with
44. extremely
45. themselves
46. lower 47. tomatoes
48. which 49. a
50. confident
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。中国已经开发出一种能把沙漠土地变成可用土壤的技术。这项技术是几年前由重庆交通大学的研究人员开发的。在接下来的几年里，科学家们相信他们可以把3万英亩土地变成肥沃的土地。
【41题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：这项技术是几年前由重庆交通大学的研究人员开发的。句子主语The technology 和develop之间是被动关系，再根据several years ago可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为was developed。
【42题详解】
考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：他们发明了一种由植物细胞壁中发现的一种材料制成的糊状物，这种材料与沙子混合后可以保持水分、营养和空气。此处a paste和make之间是一种被动关系，这里是过去分词做后置定语，故答案为made。
【43题详解】
考查固定词组。句意：他们发明了一种由植物细胞壁中发现的一种材料制成的糊状物，这种材料与沙子混合后可以保持水分、营养和空气。mix---with---“把---和---混合在一起”，故答案为with。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：据CGTN报道，中国科学家已经成功地在缺少雨水和极端高温的恶劣条件下种植农作物。此处hot是形容词，副词修饰形容词，故答案为extremely。
【45题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：许多不是人类种植的，而是自己生长的。结合句意可知此处用反身代词，故答案为themselves。
【46题详解】
考查比较级。句意：而人工材料和机器将沙子转化成土壤的成本比常规方法要低得多。much修饰比较级，结合句意可知答案为lower。
【47题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：现在，将近500英亩的沙子正在变成种植玉米、西红柿和向日葵的农场。结合句意可知此处用名词复数，故答案为tomatoes。
【48题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一个重新造林项目目前也在进行中，该项目将在三年内重新造林50%的沙漠土地。此处project是先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，故答案为which。
【49题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：研究人员正在考虑今年秋天扩大他们的项目，计划改造另外500英亩的沙漠。结合句意可知答案为a。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在接下来的几年里，科学家们相信他们可以把3万英亩土地变成肥沃的土地。be动词后面用形容词作表语，故答案为confident。
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题第8小题中先行词为名词project，再分析先行词project在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词project带到从句中可知，只能作地点状语，故确定关系词为which。
第四部分 写作（共三节，满分45分）
第一节 词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据句意及英语或汉语提示，用单词的正确形式填空。
51. With trembling hands Mr. Utterson opened the____________(信封) and read the letter.
52. Hundreds of____________(请柬) are being sent out this week.
53. Teaching young children is a____________(挑战的) and rewarding job.
54. The salesgirl pretended not to hear me and went on____________(闲谈) with a lady in blue.
55. How does one gain____________(准许进入) to the Buckingham Palace?
56. There are strong____________(argue) for and against capital punishment.
57. Had he anything to say in____________(explain) of his behavior.
58. If the exercise causes____________(comfort), stop immediately.
59. She has been fully____________(occupy) with work recently.
60. When will they finish the____________(decorate) of the bathroom?
【答案】51. envelope
52. invitations
53. challenging
54. chatting
55. admission
56. arguments
57. explanation
58. discomfort
59. occupied
60. decoration
【解析】
本句考查单词短语的用法。
【51题详解】
句意：Utterson先生颤抖着双手打开信封读信。根据上文定冠词the
【52题详解】
句意：本周将发出数百份请帖。invitation是可数名词，被Hundreds of修饰应用复数形式。
【53题详解】
句意：教幼儿是一项富有挑战性和回报的工作。根据后文的and rewarding可知填形容词性challenging。
【54题详解】
句意：女售货员假装没听见，继续和一位穿蓝衣服的女士聊天。go on doing“继续做某事”后跟-ing，故填chatting。
【55题详解】
句意：怎样才能获准进入白金汉宫？gain为动词后跟名词作宾语，故填admission。
【56题详解】
句意：赞成和反对死刑都有充分的理由。strong为形容词修饰名词，且根据上文谓语为are，故填名词复数形式arguments。
【57题详解】
句意：他对自己的行为有什么可解释的吗?根据后文的of his behavior为无生命所有格可知填名词形式explanation。
【58题详解】
句意：如果运动引起不适，立即停止。根据上下文语境应填名词形式discomfort。
【59题详解】
句意：她最近一直忙于工作。短语be occupied with sth.“忙于某事”，故填occupied。
【60题详解】
句意：他们什么时候完成浴室的装修？根据下文of the bathroom可知为无生命所有格，故填名词形式decoration。
第二节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
61.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I’m Li Hua, a senior three student in our school. Last Monday I received three America students. We had a wonderful time. And I tasted the pleased feeling of friendship.
In the afternoon, after divided into two groups, we began to work for the coming English speech contest. Just as I was wondering what to do next, I saw a familiar figure passed by our classroom. It was my English teacher, I wondered that he would say, He said that it was a competition that everyone would like to take part in it. He added that I was pretty fluent with English, but I needed to arrange my time good.
In the evening, at about half past ten, we finished working. I don’t know the result, but I’m sure without our help, winning the championship will be the effort.
【答案】短文改错（一题1分，共10分）：
1. America→American
2. pleased→pleasing/pleasant
3. after之后加being
4. passed→passing
5. take part in后面的it去掉
6. that→what
7. with→in
8. good→well
9. our→their/ his
10. the→an
【解析】
1. 考查形容词。形容词American（美国的）作定语修饰名词students。故America→American.
2. 考查形容词。形容词pleased（高兴的）；形容词pleasing/pleasant（令人高兴的）修饰名词feeling（情感）。故pleased→pleasing/pleasant.
3. 考查动名词。介词after后接名词或动名词，所以要用动名词的被动语态形式（being done）作宾语，故 after之后加being.
4. 考查动名词。固定结构：see sb. doing sth.（看到某人正在做某事），故passed→passing.
5. 考查代词。定语从句中关系代词that已经作了介词in的宾语，故take part in后面的it去掉.
6. 考查代词。宾语从句中用what作动词say的宾语，而that不作任何成份。故that→what.
7. 考查介词。固定短语：in English（用英语），故with→in.
8. 考查副词。副词well作状语，修饰谓语动词，故 good→well.
9. 考查代词。根据句意：但我相信没有他/他们的帮助，赢得冠军还将需要一份努力的。故our→their/ his.
10. 考查冠词。句意：但我相信没有他/他们的帮助，赢得冠军还将需要一份努力的。此处用an表示“一份”修饰可数名词effort（努力），故 the→an.
第三节 书面表达（满分25分）
62.假定你是李华，今年暑假你将参加“英国名校两周游”夏令营，计划7月份在伦敦逗留三天（7月13至15日），并住在Wellington Hotel。你想与去年在你家接待过的英国学生 Charlie见面，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 简单介绍伦敦的行程；
2. 希望见面并商量见面的时间和地点。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Charlie,
How time flies! It has been almost a year since your last visit. ______________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Charlie,
How time flies! It has been almost a year since your last visit. How is everything going with you and your family? My parents and I miss you very much.
This summer vacation, I will join a two week camp to visit some of the famous universities in the UK. It is scheduled that we will stay in Landon from July 12th to 15th. We are planning to have a tour of London on the first two days, when we will visit some popular tourist attractions such as the Tower of London, Westminster Abby and Buckingham Palace.
I want to see you very much. I am wondering if we could make it on the afternoon of July 14th at the Wellington Hotel, where we will be staying. We won’t have any planned activities then. Please let me know if it is convenient for you.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一篇记叙文；假设你是红星中学学生李华。你和同学在寒假期间去医院参加了志愿者活动，请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序，给校刊英语角写一篇英文稿件，介绍此次经历。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：summer vacation （暑假）；tourist attractions（旅游景点），the Tower of London（大本钟），planned activities（活动安排）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如We are planning to have a tour of London on the first two days, when we will visit some popular tourist attractions such as the Tower of London, Westminster Abby and Buckingham Palace.时间状语从句运用。I am wondering if we could make it on the afternoon of July 14th at the Wellington Hotel, where we will be staying.定语从句的运用。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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