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2019届河北省衡水中学高三开学二调考试英语试题（解析版）
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2019届河北省衡水中学高三开学二调考试
英语试题（解析版）
本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How many minutes does the woman think John will be late for the meeting?
A. 10 minutes. B. 15 minutes. C. 20 minutes.
2. What does the man think the building will probably be?
A. An apartment building. B. A hotel. C. A store.
3. How does the man feel about his present job seeking?
A.He is confident. B. He is tired of it. C. He is not quite sure.
4. What do you know about the price of meat?
A. It is going up every day. B. It is high everywhere. C. It is higher in other stores.
5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In the kitchen.
B. In the living room.
C. In the study.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the woman feel at the beginning of the conversation?
A. Relieved. B. Angry. C. Excited.
7. Which city will the art exhibition go to next week?
A. Los Angeles.
B. New York.
C. Chicago.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where did the man live before?
A. In the Oak Greek apartments.
B. In the dorm.
C. In a house he rented.
9. What does the man do since others do the cooking?
A. Cook meals. B. Do the shopping. C. Learn how to cook.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How is the woman going to New York?
A. By train. B. By plane. C. By bus.
11. Why are the tickets cheaper?
A. It is slower.
B. There is no place to sleep.
C. It arrives at midnight.
12. How much will the woman pay for the tickets?
A. $25. B. $30. C. $50.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When will the man arrive at the airport?
A. At 8:00. B. At 9:00. C. At 10:00.
14. Which of the following is the man most likely to do in Italy?
A. Attend an art school. B. Lie on the beach. C. Visit art exhibitions.
15. How is the man going the travel in Milan?
A. By bike. B. On foot. C. By car.
16. What will the woman probably do during her vacation?
A. Have a relaxing time. B. Stay at home. C. Take a summer course.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What can we learn from the speaker?
A. Judge everything from facts.
B. People may fool you by putting up a good appearance.
C. Don’t judge a person’s intelligence by his appearance.
18. What do we know about the young man?
A. He is stupid.
B. He is a talented writer.
C. He likes chatting.
19. What can we know from the example of the student?
A. The teacher is fooled by the intelligent student.
B. The student is good at giving the teacher a good impression.
C. The teacher knows the student’s tricks.
20. What is the accurate suggestion given by the speaker?
A. Judging a book by its cover.
B. Keeping a close eye on a student.
C. Taking time to observe a person.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Alex Elman runs a big business — something difficult to imagine after she lost her sight in her twenties. But Elman says that losing her sight helped her focus on finding success.
Elman’s father planted a hillside vineyard in western Massachusetts in 1981. It’s where Elman fled during the darkest period of her life. When she was 27 years old, she went blind due to complications from juvenile diabetes (糖尿病) 17 years ago. She recalled, “I hid in my home. I hid in the place. For me, that was the safest place in the world.”
Elman is now the founder of Alex Elman Wines, a growing portfolio (系列产品) of organic wines from all around the world: Chianti from Italy, Torrontes from Argentina. Elman doesn’t work alone. Her assistant, a guide dog named Hanley, is something of a wine snob, and quite a beggar. Hanley travels to all of the wineries that Elman does, from South America to Europe.
At first, Elman resisted the idea of a guide-dog. Now it’s hard to imagine her life, or her business, without him. She said. “When someone tells me something is organic and I don’t really believe it because I taste something funny on it, I’ll put it in front of his face and if he likes the wine, he’ll go to sniff it. If it’s not right, he’ll turn his head away. He gets in the dirt with me. He scratches around. He makes sure that we see earthworms and butterflies. That’s how we know that the soil is actually organic, and that there are no chemicals.”
Elman told CBS News she believes the loss of her vision was a gift. She said, “It allowed me to pay attention to what I thought was important and also to be able to teach people that the broken hang nail is not a big deal, you know what I mean? Don’t sweat the small stuff. Don’t sweat the big stuff either.”
1. Elman hid herself in her father’s vineyard probably because she ________.
A. suffered from juvenile diabetes
B. was extremely painful for her blindness
C. would like to help her father with the work
D. expected to recover her sight sooner or later
2. The underlined phrase “the broken hang nail” (in Paragraph 5) probably refers to _____.
A. a nail which is of no use
B. a disadvantage you have in your life
C. a person who is hard to deal with
D. a task that is not easy to accomplish
3. This passage is mainly to tell us that _________.
A. Alex Elman leads a miserable life
B. Hanley brings Alex Elman much fun
C. Alex Elman gets along well with her pet
D. a blind woman tastes success in wine business
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲了盲人亚历克斯·艾尔曼创立了酒企业的事迹。埃尔曼在27岁的时候失明，但是她并没有消极对待人生，在导盲犬的帮助下，她成功的创立了自己的公司，有了自己的品牌。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中第二段可知，当她失明后，她把自己藏在了父亲的葡萄酒园里，是因为她当时内心很痛苦，故B选项正确。
【2题详解】
词义猜测题。由画线部分前面提到作者认为失明对她来说是一份礼物而不是灾难，因为她懂得了什么是重要的，这里作者想告诉人们生活中的困难并没有什么了不起，所以破碎的钉子指的是生活中的困难。故B选项正确。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了一个盲人女人成功的创建了她自己的酒企业。D选项正确。
B
Regardless of how far we’d like to believe gender（性别）equality in the workplace has come, there’s still a yawning gap between male and female leaders in the professional world. A 2018 statistic shows that women nowadays hold just 5.8 percent of CEOs positions at S&P 500 companies, according to Catalyst.
While it’s not a huge shock that women are somewhat underrepresented in leadership positions, what is surprising though, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the BI Norwegian Business School.
In their research, Professor Oyvind L. Martinsen and Professor Lars Glas surveyed (调查) 2,900 managers with a special focus on personality types. The results were clear: Women scored higher than men in four of the five major leadership-centric categories.
While some people believe that men inherently make better leaders — probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more typical of men than women — this piece of research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal-setting, openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate clearly.
There was one area in which men scored higher than women, though, and that was on emotional stability and ability to face job-related pressure and stress. The results suggest that women are more sensitive to the effects of high-pressure or highly emotional situations.
Obviously, it’s important to consider individual (个人的) differences. Anyone, regardless of gender, may be an inspiring leader and a competent boss. But next time you’re hiring for a management position, you just might want to give the resumes (简历) from female candidates a harder look.
4. What makes us shocked much at leadership positions?
A. Women are worse than men.
B. Men take almost all high positions.
C. There is a huge gap between genders.
D. Women might behave better in nearly every field.
5. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “inherently” in Paragraph 4?
A. properly B. potentially
C. naturally D. normally
6. Which of the following may be the best title of this text?
A. How We Can Figure Out The Boss
B. Why Women Are Better Than Men
C. Why Women Make The Best Bosses
D. How We Can Tell Gender Difference
7. Who might have special interest in this article?
A. Job hunters.
B. Employers.
C. Employees.
D. Male bosses.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。本文讲述了在工作领域男性领导人和女性领导人地位不平等现象，指出一个研究结果显示，在领导位置上，女性可能在各个领域表现更好，倡议雇主在招聘领导岗位员工时应多考虑女性。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段what is surprising though, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the BI Norwegian Business School.得知，让人惊讶的是，在领导位置上，女性可能在各个领域表现更好。故选D。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据While some people believe that men inherently make better leaders — probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more typical of men than women得知，人们认为男性自然能成为更好的领导者，划线词意思是“自然地”。故选C。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要围绕一个研究结果来展开论述，根据第四段this piece of research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal-setting, openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate clearly.得知，本文强调了女性在管理层的地位，因此“为什么女性是最好的老板”这个标题切题。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一句But next time you’re hiring for a management position, you just might want to give the resumes(简历) from female candidates a harder look.（但下次你要招聘一个管理职位时，你可能只想更认真地从女性候选人的简历中找出一份。）得知，雇主们会对这篇文章感兴趣。故选B。
C
When Ariyah Georges was born 15 weeks early, she weighed only one pound, 12 ounces. Her mother, Jovan, knew how important breastfeeding was, especially for a premature (早产的) baby like Ariyah, so she began pumping milk to feed her through a tube. But two days later, Jovan felt dizzy and feverish — 104 Fahrenheit degrees, in fact. She had a blood disease and was close to full shock.
She was separated from others for nearly two weeks at the regional Northern Virginia hospital where she’d delivered. During that time, she could still pump breast milk, but Ariyah couldn’t consume it because of the risk of infection (感染). Without it, the newborn was particularly easily affected by diseases. There are many cases like this, which creates the need for the milk donation.
Enter donor milk — breast milk purchased by hospitals for mothers who aren’t able to produce enough milk on their own, due to health complications, stresses, or other factors. The milk comes from milk banks, organizations that collect and screen breast milk from those women willing to donate. Usually processed in intensive-care units, the milk is only available by prescription.
In recent years, both milk banks and the use of donated human milk have risen swiftly in the United States. In 2011, 22 percent of NICUs used donor breast milk; four years later, that number doubled to nearly 40 percent, and went even higher for the most intensive NICUs — as much as 75 percent. There are 23 milk banks in the United States recognized by the Human Milk Banking Association of North America, or HMBANA, double the number that existed five years ago.
But as the demand for donor milk rises, banks must find more charitable donors — a task made more complicated by informal networks of milk sharing that happens online. And many of the most vulnerable infants are still not being reached.
8. What’s the problem of Ariyah when she was born?
A. She had a shock.
B. She was too light.
C. She had a blood infection.
D. She felt dizzy and feverish.
9. What’s the influence if a mom has no breast milk?
A. The mom can still pump breast milk.
B. The mom will have to stay at the hospital.
C. The baby will be separated from others.
D. It is more likely for the baby to catch a disease.
10. What is the purpose of using figures in Paragraph 4?
A. To call healthy moms to donate breast milk.
B. To show the demand change of donated human milk.
C. To show the shortage of breast milk in milk banks.
D. To raise the awareness of the importance of breast milk.
11. Where would you most probably see the text above?
A. In a historical fiction.
B. In a science magazine.
C. In an entertainment newspaper.
D. In a textbook.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. B
【解析】
本文为说明文。文章通过Ariyah Georges对母乳的需求引出社会现象——社会对于母乳捐赠需求量急剧增长，这导致美国的母乳银行必须要找更多的捐赠者，这使得发生在网上的非正式捐赠网络变得复杂，而最脆弱的婴儿仍然得不到母乳。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段When Ariyah Georges was born 15 weeks early, she weighed only one pound, 12 ounces.可知，Ariyah Georges因为早出生15周，所以只有一磅十二盎司，也就是体重太轻。所以B正确。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段Without it, the newborn was particularly easily affected by diseases.可知，孩子如果得不到母乳可能会生病，所以D正确。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段第一句话In recent years, both milk banks and the use of donated human milk have risen swiftly in the United States.可知，本段主要讲述在美国近年来捐赠的母乳急剧增多，所以B正确。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。文章主要讲述了社会对于母乳捐赠的需求量增加这一社会现象，所以可以推出出自科学杂志，A. In a historical fiction.历史小说，C. In an entertainment newspaper. 娱乐报纸，D. In a textbook.教科书，明显不符合常识。故选B。
D
One of the most striking findings of a newly research in the UK is that of the people interviewed, one in two believes that it is becoming more difficult to meet someone to start a family with.
Why are many finding it increasingly difficult to start close relationships? Does modern life really make it harder to fall in love? Or are we making it harder for ourselves? It is certainly the case today that contemporary couples benefit in different ways from relationships. Women no longer rely upon partners for money or status. A man doesn’t expect his wife to be in sole (唯一的) charge of running his household and raising his children.
But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much more to persuade people to abandon their independence.
In theory, finding a partner should be much simpler these days. Only a few generations ago, your choice of soul mate was limited by geography, social convention and family tradition. Although it was never clear, many marriages were essentially arranged. Now those barriers have been broken down. You can approach a builder or a brain surgeon in any bar in any city on any given evening. When the world is your oyster (牡蛎), you surely have a better chance of finding a pearl.
But it seems that the old conventions have been replaced by the limitation of choice. The expectations of partners are raised to an unmanageable degree: good looks, impressive salary, kind to grandmother, and right socks. There is no room for error in the first impression.
We think that a relationship can be perfect. If it isn’t, it should be ended. We work to protect ourselves against future heartache and don’t put in the hard emotional labor needed to build a strong relationship. Twelve-hour work at the office makes relaxed after-hours dating difficult. The cost of housing and child-raising creates pressure to have a stable income and career before a life partnership.
12. What is a contemporary family like in UK today?
A. Couples share the burdens.
B. Men begin to depend on women.
C. Women are responsible for housework.
D. It is difficult to take care of a family.
13. Why do people preserve their independence?
A. To live alone happily.
B. To have more choices.
C. To avoid marriages.
D. To ignore traditions.
14. What makes it hard for people to date?
A. Mental headache in dating.
B. The pressure to survive.
C. Bad luck in finding a partner.
D. The faith between life partners.
15. What is the author trying to inform us in this text?
A. Perfect marriages conflict with independence.
B. People should spend more money on marriages.
C. The expectations and reality separate the lovers.
D. Independence is much more important than love.
【答案】12. A 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。根据英国最新的一项研究发现，50%的人觉得找到相伴一生的另一半更加困难了。本文简单地分析了造成这种现象的可能原因，指出对对方的期望过高以及经济压力较大的现实是阻碍找到另一半的原因。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段Women no longer rely upon partners for economic security or status. A man doesn’t expect his wife to be in sole (唯一的) charge of running his household and raising his children.可知，现在的女子在经济上独立，男子也不能指望女子负责所有的家务和养孩子，说明现在是夫妻双方共同承担负担。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much more to persuade people to abandon their independence.可知，人们认为独自生活也很好这种观念使得人们不愿意放弃他们的独立生活。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Twelve-hour work at the office makes relaxed after-hours dating(约会) difficult.可知，12小时的工作使得人们约会变得很困难，繁忙的工作花费了人们太多的精力，也就是生存的压力使得约会变得困难。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要分析现在的人们为什么很难找到生活伴侣，其原因可能主要是对对方的期望过高以及经济压力较大的现实。故选C。
【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。该文是介绍一个研究结果的，文章第一段首先指出这种现象，二、三、四、五段分析造成这种现象的原因，最后一段是总结。因此，考生直接抓住最后一段中的“The cost of housing and child-raising creates pressure to have a stable income and career before a life partnership.”即可找到文章中心。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is sometimes thought that the longing for material goods, the need to buy things, is a relatively modern invention. ___16___ Trade or shopping is certainly an ancient desire, and existed before our ancestors invented writing, laws, cities or farming, even before they used metal to make tools.
Humans are born to trade. ___17___ Evidence from hunter-gatherers suggests that the exchange of food and other necessary things comes naturally, as well as the ability to keep a record of the credits involved. And once trade begins, the benefits are hard to resist.
Ancient local coastal people in northern Australia traded fish hooks, along a chain of trading partners, with people living 400 miles inland, who cut and polished local stone to make axes (斧子). ___18___ Finally, both groups of “producers”, by concentrating on things they could produce and exchanging them for other things they needed, benefited as a result.
Trade in the necessities of life, such as food and simple tools, is not really surprising, considering the link between these basic items and survival. What is surprising, though, is that our taste for unnecessary expensive objects also goes back a long way.
In South Africa, 100,000-year-old decorative dyes (染料) have been found in an area where none were produced. ___19___ Small round pieces of glass 76,000 years old were also found at the same place. The earliest jewellery known to us were not just random findings — they were grouped together in size and had holes like those used for threading onto a necklace.
Archaeologists argue that trade prepared the way for the complex societies in which we live today. ___20___ However, their modern equivalents — fast cars and expensive clothes — hold the same attraction for us as “trade goods” did for people 100,000 years ago.
A. And we don’t need shops or money to do it.
B. These are powerful evidence for cash purchase.
C. In fact, its roots go back to the beginning of humanity.
D. However, first trade began from the exchange of objects.
E. Modern-day shoppers may not be impressed by ancient glass pieces.
F. It is thought that these goods were bought at least 30 kilometres away.
G. Every individual along the chain made a profit, even if he produced neither himself.
【答案】16. C 17. A
18. G 19. F
20. E
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲了人类贸易交换的历史和发展。
【16题详解】
上文It is sometimes thought that the longing for material goods, the need to buy things, is a relatively modern invention.提到有时认为对物质东西的渴望，买东西的需要，相对来说，是一种现代的发明，下文Trade or shopping is certainly an ancient desire, and existed before our ancestors invented writing, laws, cities or farming, even before they used metal to make tools.提到贸易或是购物是一种古代的欲望，在我们的祖先发明书写、法律、城市或者农业之前就存在，甚至在他们使用金属制造工具之前，需要填的内容起一个承上启下的作用，故选C，事实上，它的根源追溯到人类的开始。
【17题详解】
上文Humans are born to trade.提到人类生来就是贸易的，下文 Evidence from hunter-gatherers suggests that the exchange of food and other necessary things comes naturally, as well as the ability to keep a record of the credits involved.提到来自狩猎者的证据表明食物和其他必需品的交换自然而然发生的，需要填的内容起一个承上启下的作用，故选A，我们不需要金钱和商店来做这件事。
【18题详解】
在上文内容Ancient local coastal people in northern Australia traded fish hooks, along a chain of trading partners, with people living 400 miles inland, who cut and polished local stone to make axes（斧子）.中捕捉到关键词a chain，以及联系下文内容Finally, both groups of “producers”, by concentrating on things they could produce and exchanging them for other things they needed, benefited as a result.最后，这个群体中的“生产者”，通过专注于他们生产的东西或是为了需要和别人交换的东西，结果从中获益，所以需要填的内容应该是贸易链中的每个个体都从中获益，即使他本人不曾制造物品，故选G，
【19题详解】
上文In South Africa, 100,000-year-old decorative dyes（染料） have been found in an area where none were produced.提到在南非，100,000年以前的染料被发现出现在一个不生产这种染料的地方，所以下文会说那些货物被认为是至少从30公里以外买回来的，故选F。
【20题详解】
下文内容However, their modern equivalents—fast cars and expensive clothes—hold the same attraction for us as “trade goods” did for people 100,000 years ago.提到在现代社会，人们感兴趣的商品，所以上文会说现代社会，购物者可能不会被古代的玻璃碎片所吸引，故选E。
【点睛】关键词法解决阅读填空题是一种有效的方法。做题时很重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感，最主要的线索特征词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。第三小题中上文内容Ancient local coastal people in northern Australia traded fish hooks, along a chain of trading partners, with people living 400 miles inland, who cut and polished local stone to make axes（斧子）.中的关键词a chain与该空的the chain一致。
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共三节，满分55分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I am an educator born to make a difference. I have spent my entire life at the ___21___. And we know why kids drop out. But one of the things that we never discuss or we ___22___ discuss is the value and importance of human ___23___.
A colleague said to me, “They don’t pay me to ___24___ the kids. They pay me to teach a ___25___.” Well, I said to her, “You know, kids don’t learn from people they don’t like.” Some think that you can either have it in you to build a ___26___, or you don’t. I have had classes that were so ___27___ that I cried. I wondered, “How am I going to ___28___ this group, in nine months, from where they are to where they need to be? It was difficult, awfully ___29___. How do I ___30___ the self-esteem (自尊) of a child and his academic achievement at the same time?”
One year I ___31___ a bright idea. I told my students, “You were ___32___ to be in my class because I am the best and you are the best.” One of the students said, “Really?” I said, “Really. We have to show the other classes how to do it, so when we walk down the hall, people will ___33___ us, so you can’t make noise.” And I gave them a saying to say: “I am ___34___. I was somebody when I came. I’ll be a better somebody when I leave. I ___35___ the education that I get here. I have things to do, people to impress, and places to go.”
Teaching and learning should ___36___ joy. How ___37___ would our world be if we had kids who were not afraid to take risks, who were not afraid to think, and who had a ___38___? Every child deserves a champion. An educator should be an adult who will never ___39___ on them, who understands the power of connection, and insists that they become the ___40___ that they can possibly be.
21. A. school building B. college C. community center D. prison
22. A. frequently B. partly C. finally D. rarely
23. A. relative B. connection C. experience D. understanding
24. A. please B. satisfy C. like D. treat
25. A. lesson B. joke C. way D. class
26. A. friendship B. bridge C. gap D. relationship
27. A. excellent B. low C. sad D. adaptable
28. A. join B. own C. take D. manage
29. A. upset B. boring C. frustrated D. hard
30. A. raise B. arise C. show D. control
31. A. came out B. came to C. came up with D. came about
32. A. led B. placed C. chosen D. thrown
33. A. notice B. look C. find D. call
34. A. nothing B. somebody C. anybody D. something
35. A. reserve B. expect C. observe D. deserve
36. A. catch B. bring C. express D. indicate
37. A. powerful B. magical C. fearful D. imaginative
38. A. prize B. supporter C. teacher D. champion
39. A. put up B. depend C. give up D. refuse
40. A. bright B. best C. confident D. determined
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. B 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇故事。作者通过自己教学的亲身经历告诉我们教育者应该懂得联系的价值和重要性，对学生不放弃，做最好的自己。
【21题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. school building教学楼；B. college大学；C. community center社区中心；D. prison监狱。根据I am an educator和why kids drop out.可知作者是教育工作者，所以是一生在学校的教学楼度过，故选A.
【22题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. frequently频繁地；B. partly部分地；C. finally最后；D. rarely很少。句首But意思转折，与or前的we never discuss并列，指我们从未讨论或很少讨论人类关系的价值和重要性。和never意思一致，故选D.
【23题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. relative亲戚；B. connection关系；C. experience经验；D. understanding理解。根据下文的the self-esteem (自尊) of a child and his academic achievement, Teaching and learning, the power of connection可知是自尊和学业，教和学的这些人类关系。故选B.
【24题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. please使高兴；B. satisfy满足；C. like喜欢；D. treat治疗，对待。此处指家长花钱不是让我喜欢他们的孩子，而是花钱让我教他们的孩子课程。故选C.
【25题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. lesson课；B. joke玩笑；C. way方法；D. class班级。此处指家长花钱让老师教他们的孩子课程，故选A.
【26题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. friendship友谊；B. bridge桥；C. gap间隙；D. relationship关系。有的认为你有能力建立关系，或者不能。与文中的connection意思一致，故选D.
【27题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. excellent极好的；B. low低的；C. sad难过的；D. adaptable适合的。我曾经上过水平很低的课，以至于我都哭了。指讲课水平低，故选B.
【28题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. join参加；B. own拥有；C. take拿，接受；D. manage管理。此处指我怎样接受这群人，在九个月内改变这些人。指接受学生们，故选C.
【29题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. upset心烦的；B. boring无聊的；C. frustrated失意的；D. hard困难的。与difficult意思一致，指改变他们很难，非常难。故选D.
【30题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. raise提高；B. arise出现，上升；C. show显示；D. control控制。此处指怎样同时提高他们的自尊和学业水平，表示提高，故选A.
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. came out结果是；B. came to共计；C. came up with提出；D. came about发生。此处指有一天我提出了一个聪明的想法，come up with idea想出主意，提出想法。故选C.
【32题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. led领导；B. placed放置；C. chosen选择；D. thrown扔掉。我告诉学生们：“你们被选入我的班级是因为我是最好的，你们也是最好的”。表示选择，故选C.
【33题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. notice注意；B. look看；C. find找到；D. call呼叫。我们从走廊过时，人们会注意我们，所以我们不能制造噪音。表示注意，故选A.
【34题详解】
考查代词辨析。A. nothing无事；B. somebody有人；C. anybody任何人；D. something某事。与句中I was somebody when I came. I’ll be a better somebody when I leave.两次提到的somebody一致，告诉我们应该是什么样的人。故选B.
【35题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. reserve预定；B. expect期望；C. observe观察；D. deserve应受。此处指我应该得到这里的教育，表示应受，应得，故选D.
【36题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. catch赶上；B. bring带来；C. express表达；D. indicate表明。作者认为教和学应该带来快乐，根据句意选B.
【37题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. powerful强大的，强有力的；B. magical有魔力的；C. fearful可怕的；D. imaginative富于想象的。如果我们的孩子不害怕冒险，不害怕思考，世界会多么强大。故选A.
【38题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. prize奖品；B. supporter支持者；C. teacher教师；D. champion冠军，战士。此处指孩子们是冠军，描述对象是孩子们，下句Every child deserves a champion.给了提示，故选D.
【39题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. put up建造；B. depend依靠；C. give up放弃；D. refuse拒绝。教育者应该对孩子们永不放弃，故选C.
【40题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. bright明亮的；B. best最好的；C. confident自信的；D. determined坚决的。教育者应该坚信他们会成为最好的自己。与上文I am the best呼应，故选B.
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题1根据I am an educator和why kids drop out.可知作者是教育工作者，所以是一生在学校的教学楼度过，故选school building.小题2句首But意思转折，与or前的we never discuss并列，指我们从未讨论或很少讨论人类关系的价值和重要性。和never意思一致，故选rarely.小题3根据下文的the self-esteem (自尊) of a child and his academic achievement, Teaching and learning, the power of connection可知是自尊和学业，教和学的这些人类关系。故选connection. 小题14 与句中I was somebody when I came. I’ll be a better somebody when I leave.两次提到的somebody一致，告诉我们应该是什么样的人。故选somebody.小题18 此处指孩子们是冠军，描述对象是孩子们，下句Every child deserves a champion.给了提示，故选champion.
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
I’ve been taking Chinese language lessons for the past three years of high school in America. Yet nothing truly prepared me for the ___41___ (real) of breathing the Chinese culture that I had the opportunity ___42___ (discover) this summer. Lots of things have shocked me over the course of this trip as an exchange student to China.
The biggest problem I have experienced in China is ___43___ very fact that I am a foreigner. I have never before had the experience of ___44___ (be) a complete outsider. On the way to my host family, my blonde hair and fair skin attracted quite a few curious ___45___ (look). When we went out as a group, we American students ___46___ (treat) as the subject of many Chinese tourist photos. This has been a culture shock to me ___47___ (main) because I’m from a country ___48___ seeing people of different races is quite common. No one told me the city I was to study in was much ___49___ (little) diverse than I’d been accustomed to.
While ___50___ took me some time to get used to the attention, I’ve learned from it. It has put me on my best behavior, as I am an ambitious girl who dreams big.
【答案】41. reality
42. to discover
43. the 44. being
45. looks 46. were treated
47. mainly 48. where
49. less 50. it
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是在过去的三年里，我一直在美国的高中学习中文的经历。
【41题详解】
考查名词。定冠词the用在名词前面，“吸取中国文化的现实”，此处用名词形式，故答案为reality。
【42题详解】
考查动词不定式。the opportunity to do sth.“做某事的机会”，此处是动词不定式做后置定语，故答案为to discover。
【43题详解】
考查定冠词。我在中国体验到的最大问题正好就是我是一个外国人这个事实。the very--，正好是，恰恰是，故答案为the。
【44题详解】
考查动名词。我以前从未有过成为一个完全的局外人的经历。介词后面用动名词做宾语，故答案为being。
【45题详解】
考查名词。在去寄宿家庭的路上，我的金发和白皙的皮肤吸引了不少好奇的目光。a few后跟可数名词复数，所以此处look是名词，用复数形式looks（外表，外貌），故答案为looks。
【46题详解】
考查被动语态。当我们作为一个群体外出时，我们的美国学生被当作许多中国旅游照片的主题。students 和treat之间是被动关系，此处讲的是过去的事，所以句子用
【47题详解】
考查副词。这对我来说是一种文化冲击，主要是因为我来自一个国家，在那里看到不同种族的人是很常见的。副词修饰后面的原因状语从句，故答案为mainly。
【48题详解】
考查定语从句。这对我来说是一种文化冲击，主要是因为我来自一个国家，在那里看到不同种族的人是很常见的。此处a country是先行词，后面是一个定语从句，先行词在定语从句里做地点状语，故答案为where。
【49题详解】
考查比较级。根据后面的than可知句子用比较级，故答案为less。
【点睛】
1.“比较级+ and +比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……”.It is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽.The wind became more and more heavily.风变得越来越大.
2.“the +比较级……,the+比较级”,表示“越……越……”.The more money you make,the more you spend.钱你赚得越多,花得越多.The sooner,the better.越快越好.
3.表示倍数的比较级用法：a.A is …times the size /height/length/width of B.The new building is three times the height of the old one.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍.(新楼是旧楼的四倍高) b.A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大.(亚洲比欧洲大三倍) c.A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.Our school is twice bigger than yours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍.
4.可修饰比较级的词 1）a bit,a little,rather,much,far,by far,many,a lot,lots,a great deal,any,still,even等 2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语.3）以上词(除by far)外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面.
.the+比较级，表示两个当中“更---，较---的”。There are two apples on the table.The bigger is for you,and the smaller one is for me.
6.否定词（not/never/---）和比较级连用表示最高级的意思。I couldn't find a better place.我不能找到一个更好的地方。也就是说这个地方是最好的。
【50题详解】
考查固定句式。It takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间。此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，故答案为it。
第三节 词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请根据语境用括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语意思填空，每空一词。
51. How many ________ (胃) does a cow have？
52. The best way to success is to stop ________ (regret) for the past or worrying about the future, but to start focusing on what you can do at present.
53. He explained ________ (science) the most important questions of political economy.
54. There are no ________ (永久的) displays in the museum and exhibits change all the time.
55. He looked at his students with great ________ (satisfy).
【答案】51. stomachs
52. regretting
53. scientifically
54. permanent
55. satisfaction
【解析】
本题考查单词拼写，要先理解句意，然后根据汉语和所给词判断所填词的词性，最后根据句中信息填写其正确形式。
【51题详解】
考查名词。句意：一头牛有几个胃？many修饰可数名词复数，故填复数形式stomachs.
【52题详解】
考查动词形式。句意：成功的最好方法是停止对过去的遗憾或对未来的担忧，而是开始关注你现在能做什么。表示“停止正在做的事”是stop doing sth. regret要双写t加-ing，故填regretting.
【53题详解】
考查副词。句意：他科学地解释了政治经济学中最重要的问题。修饰动词explain用副词，故填scientifically.
【54题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在博物馆里没有永久的展品，展品总是在变化。修饰名词displays，形容词“永久的”是permanent，故填permanent.
【55题详解】
考查名词。句意：他很满意地看着他的学生。由great修饰用名词，故填satisfaction.
根据所学语法知识填空，每空一词。
56. ________ began as a small activity has taken the shape of an inspiring institution of international standards.
57. It will be 321 days ________ we take part in the college entrance examination.
58. She opened it and let out a deep breath. Inside it ________ (be) two sharp knives.
59. The flowers his friends gave him will die unless ________ (water) every day.
60. It was ________ (repair) the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home.
【答案】56. What
57. before 58. were
59. watered
60. repairing
【解析】
本题考查根据语法知识填空，内容涉及主语从句，主谓一致，非谓语动词等。
【56题详解】
考查代词。句意：一开始只是一项小小的活动，现在已经形成了一个鼓舞人心的国际标准机构。句中has taken是谓语动词，前面是主语从句，由What引导，指……的内容，故填What.
【57题详解】
考查连词。句意：离我们参加高考还有321天。此处指高考前还有321天，“在…之前”是before，故填before.
【58题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：她打开它，深深地吸了一口气。里面是两把锋利的刀。介词Inside在句首句子倒装，主语是two sharp knives.是复数，与之一致谓语用复数，故填were.
【59题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：除非每天浇水，否则他朋友给他的花会枯死。句中主语The flowers和动词water是被动关系，指花被浇。用过去分词表被动，故填watered.
【60题详解】
考查动词形式。句意：那位老人整个上午都呆在家里，是在修理那只旧钟。此句是强调句，spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事，动词用-ing形式，故填repairing.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
61.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Sunday, I accompanied two of my foreign friends, Tom or Mary, around Chengdu so that they could get a feeling of the amazed city. We began by touring Kuan Zhai Alley, that is known for its traditional Chinese architecture. I know the area very good so I acted as their tour guide. For lunch, I tried some Chengdu fried sauce noodles. Tom thought that they were in particularly delicious. Soon before lunch, we went to the Research Base of Giant Panda to pay a visit to the pandas. Both Mary and Tom fall in love with the lovely pandas. We finished off the day by going shopping, and they bought some paper cuts as souvenir. It was fantastic day and I hope they will come to Chengdu again.
【答案】
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲了上周日，作者陪伴两个外国朋友Tom和Mary在成都游玩一天，度过了愉快的一天。
第一处：考查连词。句意：上周日，我陪伴我的两个外国朋友Tom和Mary在成都附近走走。表示并列关系，所以or改为and。
第二处：考查形容词。v-ed形式的形容词修饰人，而v-ing形式的形容词修饰物，这里修饰city，所以用v-ing形式，amazed改为amazing。
第三处：考查非限制性定语从句。that is known for its traditional Chinese architecture作定语，修饰Kuan Zhai Alley，且有逗号与主句隔开，所以是一个非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，所以用which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，that改为which。
第四处：考查副词。句意：我非常了解这一地区，所以我担任他们的导游。修饰动词know，用副词，所以good改为well。
第五处：考查代词。句意：午饭时，我们吃了一些成都炒面。是三个人旅行，表示“我们”，所以I改为we。
第六处：考查副词。句意：Tom认为特别好吃。修饰形容词delicious，用副词，in在这里为多余，所以删除in。
第七处：考查连词。句意：午饭后不久，我们去了大熊猫研究基地，去观看大熊猫。表示“在……之后”，所以before改为after。
第八处：考查时态。作者在回忆往事，所以用一般过去时，fall改为fell。
第九处：考查名词单复数。句意：我们通过购物结束了这一天，并且他们买了一些剪纸作为纪念品。“一些剪纸”是复数意义，所以“纪念品”用复数，souvenir改为souvenirs。
第十处：考查冠词。句意：这是美好的一天，并且我希望他们再次来到成都。泛指“一个极好的日子”，且fantastic的首字母发音是辅音，所以fantastic day前增加a。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
62.假定你是李华，你校将举办一个中国古代发明展览，你想邀请你的英国朋友Peter一起参观。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 展览的时间和地点；
2. 展览的内容（古代发明成就）。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I know you are interested in ancient Chinese culture. There is a good news that an exhibition of ancient Chinese inventions will be held in our school next Monday. It will last for five days. We can visit it at any time during the exhibition.
The show will display some great inventions in ancient China, including the world-famous Four Great Inventions: the compass, papermaking, gunpowder and printing. They had significant effects on the development of society. For example, thanks to papermaking and printing, a great deal of ancient information has been kept in books. These great ancient inventions made tremendous contributions to the world civilization.
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
学校将举办一个中国古代发明展览，李华想邀请英国朋友Peter一起参观。要求给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1. 展览的时间和地点；2. 展览的内容（古代发明成就）。
【详解】第一步：根据提示可知，本文是一封邀请信。
第二步：根据写作要求确定关键词（组），如：ancient Chinese culture, world-famous Four Great Inventions, significant effects, papermaking and printing, tremendous contributions ,world civilization.
第三步：根据提示和关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接和过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如宾语从句you are interested in ancient Chinese culture.同位语从句that an exhibition of ancient Chinese inventions will be held in our school next Monday.全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
2019届河北省衡水中学高三开学二调考试
英语试题（解析版）
本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How many minutes does the woman think John will be late for the meeting?
A. 10 minutes. B. 15 minutes. C. 20 minutes.
2. What does the man think the building will probably be?
A. An apartment building. B. A hotel. C. A store.
3. How does the man feel about his present job seeking?
A.He is confident. B. He is tired of it. C. He is not quite sure.
4. What do you know about the price of meat?
A. It is going up every day. B. It is high everywhere. C. It is higher in other stores.
5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In the kitchen.
B. In the living room.
C. In the study.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the woman feel at the beginning of the conversation?
A. Relieved. B. Angry. C. Excited.
7. Which city will the art exhibition go to next week?
A. Los Angeles.
B. New York.
C. Chicago.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where did the man live before?
A. In the Oak Greek apartments.
B. In the dorm.
C. In a house he rented.
9. What does the man do since others do the cooking?
A. Cook meals. B. Do the shopping. C. Learn how to cook.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How is the woman going to New York?
A. By train. B. By plane. C. By bus.
11. Why are the tickets cheaper?
A. It is slower.
B. There is no place to sleep.
C. It arrives at midnight.
12. How much will the woman pay for the tickets?
A. $25. B. $30. C. $50.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When will the man arrive at the airport?
A. At 8:00. B. At 9:00. C. At 10:00.
14. Which of the following is the man most likely to do in Italy?
A. Attend an art school. B. Lie on the beach. C. Visit art exhibitions.
15. How is the man going the travel in Milan?
A. By bike. B. On foot. C. By car.
16. What will the woman probably do during her vacation?
A. Have a relaxing time. B. Stay at home. C. Take a summer course.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What can we learn from the speaker?
A. Judge everything from facts.
B. People may fool you by putting up a good appearance.
C. Don’t judge a person’s intelligence by his appearance.
18. What do we know about the young man?
A. He is stupid.
B. He is a talented writer.
C. He likes chatting.
19. What can we know from the example of the student?
A. The teacher is fooled by the intelligent student.
B. The student is good at giving the teacher a good impression.
C. The teacher knows the student’s tricks.
20. What is the accurate suggestion given by the speaker?
A. Judging a book by its cover.
B. Keeping a close eye on a student.
C. Taking time to observe a person.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Alex Elman runs a big business — something difficult to imagine after she lost her sight in her twenties. But Elman says that losing her sight helped her focus on finding success.
Elman’s father planted a hillside vineyard in western Massachusetts in 1981. It’s where Elman fled during the darkest period of her life. When she was 27 years old, she went blind due to complications from juvenile diabetes (糖尿病) 17 years ago. She recalled, “I hid in my home. I hid in the place. For me, that was the safest place in the world.”
Elman is now the founder of Alex Elman Wines, a growing portfolio (系列产品) of organic wines from all around the world: Chianti from Italy, Torrontes from Argentina. Elman doesn’t work alone. Her assistant, a guide dog named Hanley, is something of a wine snob, and quite a beggar. Hanley travels to all of the wineries that Elman does, from South America to Europe.
At first, Elman resisted the idea of a guide-dog. Now it’s hard to imagine her life, or her business, without him. She said. “When someone tells me something is organic and I don’t really believe it because I taste something funny on it, I’ll put it in front of his face and if he likes the wine, he’ll go to sniff it. If it’s not right, he’ll turn his head away. He gets in the dirt with me. He scratches around. He makes sure that we see earthworms and butterflies. That’s how we know that the soil is actually organic, and that there are no chemicals.”
Elman told CBS News she believes the loss of her vision was a gift. She said, “It allowed me to pay attention to what I thought was important and also to be able to teach people that the broken hang nail is not a big deal, you know what I mean? Don’t sweat the small stuff. Don’t sweat the big stuff either.”
1. Elman hid herself in her father’s vineyard probably because she ________.
A. suffered from juvenile diabetes
B. was extremely painful for her blindness
C. would like to help her father with the work
D. expected to recover her sight sooner or later
2. The underlined phrase “the broken hang nail” (in Paragraph 5) probably refers to _____.
A. a nail which is of no use
B. a disadvantage you have in your life
C. a person who is hard to deal with
D. a task that is not easy to accomplish
3. This passage is mainly to tell us that _________.
A. Alex Elman leads a miserable life
B. Hanley brings Alex Elman much fun
C. Alex Elman gets along well with her pet
D. a blind woman tastes success in wine business
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲了盲人亚历克斯·艾尔曼创立了酒企业的事迹。埃尔曼在27岁的时候失明，但是她并没有消极对待人生，在导盲犬的帮助下，她成功的创立了自己的公司，有了自己的品牌。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中第二段可知，当她失明后，她把自己藏在了父亲的葡萄酒园里，是因为她当时内心很痛苦，故B选项正确。
【2题详解】
词义猜测题。由画线部分前面提到作者认为失明对她来说是一份礼物而不是灾难，因为她懂得了什么是重要的，这里作者想告诉人们生活中的困难并没有什么了不起，所以破碎的钉子指的是生活中的困难。故B选项正确。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了一个盲人女人成功的创建了她自己的酒企业。D选项正确。
B
Regardless of how far we’d like to believe gender（性别）equality in the workplace has come, there’s still a yawning gap between male and female leaders in the professional world. A 2018 statistic shows that women nowadays hold just 5.8 percent of CEOs positions at S&P 500 companies, according to Catalyst.
While it’s not a huge shock that women are somewhat underrepresented in leadership positions, what is surprising though, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the BI Norwegian Business School.
In their research, Professor Oyvind L. Martinsen and Professor Lars Glas surveyed (调查) 2,900 managers with a special focus on personality types. The results were clear: Women scored higher than men in four of the five major leadership-centric categories.
While some people believe that men inherently make better leaders — probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more typical of men than women — this piece of research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal-setting, openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate clearly.
There was one area in which men scored higher than women, though, and that was on emotional stability and ability to face job-related pressure and stress. The results suggest that women are more sensitive to the effects of high-pressure or highly emotional situations.
Obviously, it’s important to consider individual (个人的) differences. Anyone, regardless of gender, may be an inspiring leader and a competent boss. But next time you’re hiring for a management position, you just might want to give the resumes (简历) from female candidates a harder look.
4. What makes us shocked much at leadership positions?
A. Women are worse than men.
B. Men take almost all high positions.
C. There is a huge gap between genders.
D. Women might behave better in nearly every field.
5. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “inherently” in Paragraph 4?
A. properly B. potentially
C. naturally D. normally
6. Which of the following may be the best title of this text?
A. How We Can Figure Out The Boss
B. Why Women Are Better Than Men
C. Why Women Make The Best Bosses
D. How We Can Tell Gender Difference
7. Who might have special interest in this article?
A. Job hunters.
B. Employers.
C. Employees.
D. Male bosses.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。本文讲述了在工作领域男性领导人和女性领导人地位不平等现象，指出一个研究结果显示，在领导位置上，女性可能在各个领域表现更好，倡议雇主在招聘领导岗位员工时应多考虑女性。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段what is surprising though, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the BI Norwegian Business School.得知，让人惊讶的是，在领导位置上，女性可能在各个领域表现更好。故选D。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据While some people believe that men inherently make better leaders — probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more typical of men than women得知，人们认为男性自然能成为更好的领导者，划线词意思是“自然地”。故选C。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要围绕一个研究结果来展开论述，根据第四段this piece of research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal-setting, openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate clearly.得知，本文强调了女性在管理层的地位，因此“为什么女性是最好的老板”这个标题切题。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一句But next time you’re hiring for a management position, you just might want to give the resumes(简历) from female candidates a harder look.（但下次你要招聘一个管理职位时，你可能只想更认真地从女性候选人的简历中找出一份。）得知，雇主们会对这篇文章感兴趣。故选B。
C
When Ariyah Georges was born 15 weeks early, she weighed only one pound, 12 ounces. Her mother, Jovan, knew how important breastfeeding was, especially for a premature (早产的) baby like Ariyah, so she began pumping milk to feed her through a tube. But two days later, Jovan felt dizzy and feverish — 104 Fahrenheit degrees, in fact. She had a blood disease and was close to full shock.
She was separated from others for nearly two weeks at the regional Northern Virginia hospital where she’d delivered. During that time, she could still pump breast milk, but Ariyah couldn’t consume it because of the risk of infection (感染). Without it, the newborn was particularly easily affected by diseases. There are many cases like this, which creates the need for the milk donation.
Enter donor milk — breast milk purchased by hospitals for mothers who aren’t able to produce enough milk on their own, due to health complications, stresses, or other factors. The milk comes from milk banks, organizations that collect and screen breast milk from those women willing to donate. Usually processed in intensive-care units, the milk is only available by prescription.
In recent years, both milk banks and the use of donated human milk have risen swiftly in the United States. In 2011, 22 percent of NICUs used donor breast milk; four years later, that number doubled to nearly 40 percent, and went even higher for the most intensive NICUs — as much as 75 percent. There are 23 milk banks in the United States recognized by the Human Milk Banking Association of North America, or HMBANA, double the number that existed five years ago.
But as the demand for donor milk rises, banks must find more charitable donors — a task made more complicated by informal networks of milk sharing that happens online. And many of the most vulnerable infants are still not being reached.
8. What’s the problem of Ariyah when she was born?
A. She had a shock.
B. She was too light.
C. She had a blood infection.
D. She felt dizzy and feverish.
9. What’s the influence if a mom has no breast milk?
A. The mom can still pump breast milk.
B. The mom will have to stay at the hospital.
C. The baby will be separated from others.
D. It is more likely for the baby to catch a disease.
10. What is the purpose of using figures in Paragraph 4?
A. To call healthy moms to donate breast milk.
B. To show the demand change of donated human milk.
C. To show the shortage of breast milk in milk banks.
D. To raise the awareness of the importance of breast milk.
11. Where would you most probably see the text above?
A. In a historical fiction.
B. In a science magazine.
C. In an entertainment newspaper.
D. In a textbook.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. B
【解析】
本文为说明文。文章通过Ariyah Georges对母乳的需求引出社会现象——社会对于母乳捐赠需求量急剧增长，这导致美国的母乳银行必须要找更多的捐赠者，这使得发生在网上的非正式捐赠网络变得复杂，而最脆弱的婴儿仍然得不到母乳。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段When Ariyah Georges was born 15 weeks early, she weighed only one pound, 12 ounces.可知，Ariyah Georges因为早出生15周，所以只有一磅十二盎司，也就是体重太轻。所以B正确。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段Without it, the newborn was particularly easily affected by diseases.可知，孩子如果得不到母乳可能会生病，所以D正确。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段第一句话In recent years, both milk banks and the use of donated human milk have risen swiftly in the United States.可知，本段主要讲述在美国近年来捐赠的母乳急剧增多，所以B正确。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。文章主要讲述了社会对于母乳捐赠的需求量增加这一社会现象，所以可以推出出自科学杂志，A. In a historical fiction.历史小说，C. In an entertainment newspaper. 娱乐报纸，D. In a textbook.教科书，明显不符合常识。故选B。
D
One of the most striking findings of a newly research in the UK is that of the people interviewed, one in two believes that it is becoming more difficult to meet someone to start a family with.
Why are many finding it increasingly difficult to start close relationships? Does modern life really make it harder to fall in love? Or are we making it harder for ourselves? It is certainly the case today that contemporary couples benefit in different ways from relationships. Women no longer rely upon partners for money or status. A man doesn’t expect his wife to be in sole (唯一的) charge of running his household and raising his children.
But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much more to persuade people to abandon their independence.
In theory, finding a partner should be much simpler these days. Only a few generations ago, your choice of soul mate was limited by geography, social convention and family tradition. Although it was never clear, many marriages were essentially arranged. Now those barriers have been broken down. You can approach a builder or a brain surgeon in any bar in any city on any given evening. When the world is your oyster (牡蛎), you surely have a better chance of finding a pearl.
But it seems that the old conventions have been replaced by the limitation of choice. The expectations of partners are raised to an unmanageable degree: good looks, impressive salary, kind to grandmother, and right socks. There is no room for error in the first impression.
We think that a relationship can be perfect. If it isn’t, it should be ended. We work to protect ourselves against future heartache and don’t put in the hard emotional labor needed to build a strong relationship. Twelve-hour work at the office makes relaxed after-hours dating difficult. The cost of housing and child-raising creates pressure to have a stable income and career before a life partnership.
12. What is a contemporary family like in UK today?
A. Couples share the burdens.
B. Men begin to depend on women.
C. Women are responsible for housework.
D. It is difficult to take care of a family.
13. Why do people preserve their independence?
A. To live alone happily.
B. To have more choices.
C. To avoid marriages.
D. To ignore traditions.
14. What makes it hard for people to date?
A. Mental headache in dating.
B. The pressure to survive.
C. Bad luck in finding a partner.
D. The faith between life partners.
15. What is the author trying to inform us in this text?
A. Perfect marriages conflict with independence.
B. People should spend more money on marriages.
C. The expectations and reality separate the lovers.
D. Independence is much more important than love.
【答案】12. A 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。根据英国最新的一项研究发现，50%的人觉得找到相伴一生的另一半更加困难了。本文简单地分析了造成这种现象的可能原因，指出对对方的期望过高以及经济压力较大的现实是阻碍找到另一半的原因。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段Women no longer rely upon partners for economic security or status. A man doesn’t expect his wife to be in sole (唯一的) charge of running his household and raising his children.可知，现在的女子在经济上独立，男子也不能指望女子负责所有的家务和养孩子，说明现在是夫妻双方共同承担负担。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much more to persuade people to abandon their independence.可知，人们认为独自生活也很好这种观念使得人们不愿意放弃他们的独立生活。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Twelve-hour work at the office makes relaxed after-hours dating(约会) difficult.可知，12小时的工作使得人们约会变得很困难，繁忙的工作花费了人们太多的精力，也就是生存的压力使得约会变得困难。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要分析现在的人们为什么很难找到生活伴侣，其原因可能主要是对对方的期望过高以及经济压力较大的现实。故选C。
【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。该文是介绍一个研究结果的，文章第一段首先指出这种现象，二、三、四、五段分析造成这种现象的原因，最后一段是总结。因此，考生直接抓住最后一段中的“The cost of housing and child-raising creates pressure to have a stable income and career before a life partnership.”即可找到文章中心。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is sometimes thought that the longing for material goods, the need to buy things, is a relatively modern invention. ___16___ Trade or shopping is certainly an ancient desire, and existed before our ancestors invented writing, laws, cities or farming, even before they used metal to make tools.
Humans are born to trade. ___17___ Evidence from hunter-gatherers suggests that the exchange of food and other necessary things comes naturally, as well as the ability to keep a record of the credits involved. And once trade begins, the benefits are hard to resist.
Ancient local coastal people in northern Australia traded fish hooks, along a chain of trading partners, with people living 400 miles inland, who cut and polished local stone to make axes (斧子). ___18___ Finally, both groups of “producers”, by concentrating on things they could produce and exchanging them for other things they needed, benefited as a result.
Trade in the necessities of life, such as food and simple tools, is not really surprising, considering the link between these basic items and survival. What is surprising, though, is that our taste for unnecessary expensive objects also goes back a long way.
In South Africa, 100,000-year-old decorative dyes (染料) have been found in an area where none were produced. ___19___ Small round pieces of glass 76,000 years old were also found at the same place. The earliest jewellery known to us were not just random findings — they were grouped together in size and had holes like those used for threading onto a necklace.
Archaeologists argue that trade prepared the way for the complex societies in which we live today. ___20___ However, their modern equivalents — fast cars and expensive clothes — hold the same attraction for us as “trade goods” did for people 100,000 years ago.
A. And we don’t need shops or money to do it.
B. These are powerful evidence for cash purchase.
C. In fact, its roots go back to the beginning of humanity.
D. However, first trade began from the exchange of objects.
E. Modern-day shoppers may not be impressed by ancient glass pieces.
F. It is thought that these goods were bought at least 30 kilometres away.
G. Every individual along the chain made a profit, even if he produced neither himself.
【答案】16. C 17. A
18. G 19. F
20. E
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲了人类贸易交换的历史和发展。
【16题详解】
上文It is sometimes thought that the longing for material goods, the need to buy things, is a relatively modern invention.提到有时认为对物质东西的渴望，买东西的需要，相对来说，是一种现代的发明，下文Trade or shopping is certainly an ancient desire, and existed before our ancestors invented writing, laws, cities or farming, even before they used metal to make tools.提到贸易或是购物是一种古代的欲望，在我们的祖先发明书写、法律、城市或者农业之前就存在，甚至在他们使用金属制造工具之前，需要填的内容起一个承上启下的作用，故选C，事实上，它的根源追溯到人类的开始。
【17题详解】
上文Humans are born to trade.提到人类生来就是贸易的，下文 Evidence from hunter-gatherers suggests that the exchange of food and other necessary things comes naturally, as well as the ability to keep a record of the credits involved.提到来自狩猎者的证据表明食物和其他必需品的交换自然而然发生的，需要填的内容起一个承上启下的作用，故选A，我们不需要金钱和商店来做这件事。
【18题详解】
在上文内容Ancient local coastal people in northern Australia traded fish hooks, along a chain of trading partners, with people living 400 miles inland, who cut and polished local stone to make axes（斧子）.中捕捉到关键词a chain，以及联系下文内容Finally, both groups of “producers”, by concentrating on things they could produce and exchanging them for other things they needed, benefited as a result.最后，这个群体中的“生产者”，通过专注于他们生产的东西或是为了需要和别人交换的东西，结果从中获益，所以需要填的内容应该是贸易链中的每个个体都从中获益，即使他本人不曾制造物品，故选G，
【19题详解】
上文In South Africa, 100,000-year-old decorative dyes（染料） have been found in an area where none were produced.提到在南非，100,000年以前的染料被发现出现在一个不生产这种染料的地方，所以下文会说那些货物被认为是至少从30公里以外买回来的，故选F。
【20题详解】
下文内容However, their modern equivalents—fast cars and expensive clothes—hold the same attraction for us as “trade goods” did for people 100,000 years ago.提到在现代社会，人们感兴趣的商品，所以上文会说现代社会，购物者可能不会被古代的玻璃碎片所吸引，故选E。
【点睛】关键词法解决阅读填空题是一种有效的方法。做题时很重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感，最主要的线索特征词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。第三小题中上文内容Ancient local coastal people in northern Australia traded fish hooks, along a chain of trading partners, with people living 400 miles inland, who cut and polished local stone to make axes（斧子）.中的关键词a chain与该空的the chain一致。
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共三节，满分55分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I am an educator born to make a difference. I have spent my entire life at the ___21___. And we know why kids drop out. But one of the things that we never discuss or we ___22___ discuss is the value and importance of human ___23___.
A colleague said to me, “They don’t pay me to ___24___ the kids. They pay me to teach a ___25___.” Well, I said to her, “You know, kids don’t learn from people they don’t like.” Some think that you can either have it in you to build a ___26___, or you don’t. I have had classes that were so ___27___ that I cried. I wondered, “How am I going to ___28___ this group, in nine months, from where they are to where they need to be? It was difficult, awfully ___29___. How do I ___30___ the self-esteem (自尊) of a child and his academic achievement at the same time?”
One year I ___31___ a bright idea. I told my students, “You were ___32___ to be in my class because I am the best and you are the best.” One of the students said, “Really?” I said, “Really. We have to show the other classes how to do it, so when we walk down the hall, people will ___33___ us, so you can’t make noise.” And I gave them a saying to say: “I am ___34___. I was somebody when I came. I’ll be a better somebody when I leave. I ___35___ the education that I get here. I have things to do, people to impress, and places to go.”
Teaching and learning should ___36___ joy. How ___37___ would our world be if we had kids who were not afraid to take risks, who were not afraid to think, and who had a ___38___? Every child deserves a champion. An educator should be an adult who will never ___39___ on them, who understands the power of connection, and insists that they become the ___40___ that they can possibly be.
21. A. school building B. college C. community center D. prison
22. A. frequently B. partly C. finally D. rarely
23. A. relative B. connection C. experience D. understanding
24. A. please B. satisfy C. like D. treat
25. A. lesson B. joke C. way D. class
26. A. friendship B. bridge C. gap D. relationship
27. A. excellent B. low C. sad D. adaptable
28. A. join B. own C. take D. manage
29. A. upset B. boring C. frustrated D. hard
30. A. raise B. arise C. show D. control
31. A. came out B. came to C. came up with D. came about
32. A. led B. placed C. chosen D. thrown
33. A. notice B. look C. find D. call
34. A. nothing B. somebody C. anybody D. something
35. A. reserve B. expect C. observe D. deserve
36. A. catch B. bring C. express D. indicate
37. A. powerful B. magical C. fearful D. imaginative
38. A. prize B. supporter C. teacher D. champion
39. A. put up B. depend C. give up D. refuse
40. A. bright B. best C. confident D. determined
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. B 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇故事。作者通过自己教学的亲身经历告诉我们教育者应该懂得联系的价值和重要性，对学生不放弃，做最好的自己。
【21题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. school building教学楼；B. college大学；C. community center社区中心；D. prison监狱。根据I am an educator和why kids drop out.可知作者是教育工作者，所以是一生在学校的教学楼度过，故选A.
【22题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. frequently频繁地；B. partly部分地；C. finally最后；D. rarely很少。句首But意思转折，与or前的we never discuss并列，指我们从未讨论或很少讨论人类关系的价值和重要性。和never意思一致，故选D.
【23题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. relative亲戚；B. connection关系；C. experience经验；D. understanding理解。根据下文的the self-esteem (自尊) of a child and his academic achievement, Teaching and learning, the power of connection可知是自尊和学业，教和学的这些人类关系。故选B.
【24题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. please使高兴；B. satisfy满足；C. like喜欢；D. treat治疗，对待。此处指家长花钱不是让我喜欢他们的孩子，而是花钱让我教他们的孩子课程。故选C.
【25题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. lesson课；B. joke玩笑；C. way方法；D. class班级。此处指家长花钱让老师教他们的孩子课程，故选A.
【26题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. friendship友谊；B. bridge桥；C. gap间隙；D. relationship关系。有的认为你有能力建立关系，或者不能。与文中的connection意思一致，故选D.
【27题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. excellent极好的；B. low低的；C. sad难过的；D. adaptable适合的。我曾经上过水平很低的课，以至于我都哭了。指讲课水平低，故选B.
【28题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. join参加；B. own拥有；C. take拿，接受；D. manage管理。此处指我怎样接受这群人，在九个月内改变这些人。指接受学生们，故选C.
【29题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. upset心烦的；B. boring无聊的；C. frustrated失意的；D. hard困难的。与difficult意思一致，指改变他们很难，非常难。故选D.
【30题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. raise提高；B. arise出现，上升；C. show显示；D. control控制。此处指怎样同时提高他们的自尊和学业水平，表示提高，故选A.
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. came out结果是；B. came to共计；C. came up with提出；D. came about发生。此处指有一天我提出了一个聪明的想法，come up with idea想出主意，提出想法。故选C.
【32题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. led领导；B. placed放置；C. chosen选择；D. thrown扔掉。我告诉学生们：“你们被选入我的班级是因为我是最好的，你们也是最好的”。表示选择，故选C.
【33题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. notice注意；B. look看；C. find找到；D. call呼叫。我们从走廊过时，人们会注意我们，所以我们不能制造噪音。表示注意，故选A.
【34题详解】
考查代词辨析。A. nothing无事；B. somebody有人；C. anybody任何人；D. something某事。与句中I was somebody when I came. I’ll be a better somebody when I leave.两次提到的somebody一致，告诉我们应该是什么样的人。故选B.
【35题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. reserve预定；B. expect期望；C. observe观察；D. deserve应受。此处指我应该得到这里的教育，表示应受，应得，故选D.
【36题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. catch赶上；B. bring带来；C. express表达；D. indicate表明。作者认为教和学应该带来快乐，根据句意选B.
【37题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. powerful强大的，强有力的；B. magical有魔力的；C. fearful可怕的；D. imaginative富于想象的。如果我们的孩子不害怕冒险，不害怕思考，世界会多么强大。故选A.
【38题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. prize奖品；B. supporter支持者；C. teacher教师；D. champion冠军，战士。此处指孩子们是冠军，描述对象是孩子们，下句Every child deserves a champion.给了提示，故选D.
【39题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. put up建造；B. depend依靠；C. give up放弃；D. refuse拒绝。教育者应该对孩子们永不放弃，故选C.
【40题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. bright明亮的；B. best最好的；C. confident自信的；D. determined坚决的。教育者应该坚信他们会成为最好的自己。与上文I am the best呼应，故选B.
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题1根据I am an educator和why kids drop out.可知作者是教育工作者，所以是一生在学校的教学楼度过，故选school building.小题2句首But意思转折，与or前的we never discuss并列，指我们从未讨论或很少讨论人类关系的价值和重要性。和never意思一致，故选rarely.小题3根据下文的the self-esteem (自尊) of a child and his academic achievement, Teaching and learning, the power of connection可知是自尊和学业，教和学的这些人类关系。故选connection. 小题14 与句中I was somebody when I came. I’ll be a better somebody when I leave.两次提到的somebody一致，告诉我们应该是什么样的人。故选somebody.小题18 此处指孩子们是冠军，描述对象是孩子们，下句Every child deserves a champion.给了提示，故选champion.
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
I’ve been taking Chinese language lessons for the past three years of high school in America. Yet nothing truly prepared me for the ___41___ (real) of breathing the Chinese culture that I had the opportunity ___42___ (discover) this summer. Lots of things have shocked me over the course of this trip as an exchange student to China.
The biggest problem I have experienced in China is ___43___ very fact that I am a foreigner. I have never before had the experience of ___44___ (be) a complete outsider. On the way to my host family, my blonde hair and fair skin attracted quite a few curious ___45___ (look). When we went out as a group, we American students ___46___ (treat) as the subject of many Chinese tourist photos. This has been a culture shock to me ___47___ (main) because I’m from a country ___48___ seeing people of different races is quite common. No one told me the city I was to study in was much ___49___ (little) diverse than I’d been accustomed to.
While ___50___ took me some time to get used to the attention, I’ve learned from it. It has put me on my best behavior, as I am an ambitious girl who dreams big.
【答案】41. reality
42. to discover
43. the 44. being
45. looks 46. were treated
47. mainly 48. where
49. less 50. it
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是在过去的三年里，我一直在美国的高中学习中文的经历。
【41题详解】
考查名词。定冠词the用在名词前面，“吸取中国文化的现实”，此处用名词形式，故答案为reality。
【42题详解】
考查动词不定式。the opportunity to do sth.“做某事的机会”，此处是动词不定式做后置定语，故答案为to discover。
【43题详解】
考查定冠词。我在中国体验到的最大问题正好就是我是一个外国人这个事实。the very--，正好是，恰恰是，故答案为the。
【44题详解】
考查动名词。我以前从未有过成为一个完全的局外人的经历。介词后面用动名词做宾语，故答案为being。
【45题详解】
考查名词。在去寄宿家庭的路上，我的金发和白皙的皮肤吸引了不少好奇的目光。a few后跟可数名词复数，所以此处look是名词，用复数形式looks（外表，外貌），故答案为looks。
【46题详解】
考查被动语态。当我们作为一个群体外出时，我们的美国学生被当作许多中国旅游照片的主题。students 和treat之间是被动关系，此处讲的是过去的事，所以句子用
【47题详解】
考查副词。这对我来说是一种文化冲击，主要是因为我来自一个国家，在那里看到不同种族的人是很常见的。副词修饰后面的原因状语从句，故答案为mainly。
【48题详解】
考查定语从句。这对我来说是一种文化冲击，主要是因为我来自一个国家，在那里看到不同种族的人是很常见的。此处a country是先行词，后面是一个定语从句，先行词在定语从句里做地点状语，故答案为where。
【49题详解】
考查比较级。根据后面的than可知句子用比较级，故答案为less。
【点睛】
1.“比较级+ and +比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……”.It is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽.The wind became more and more heavily.风变得越来越大.
2.“the +比较级……,the+比较级”,表示“越……越……”.The more money you make,the more you spend.钱你赚得越多,花得越多.The sooner,the better.越快越好.
3.表示倍数的比较级用法：a.A is …times the size /height/length/width of B.The new building is three times the height of the old one.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍.(新楼是旧楼的四倍高) b.A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大.(亚洲比欧洲大三倍) c.A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.Our school is twice bigger than yours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍.
4.可修饰比较级的词 1）a bit,a little,rather,much,far,by far,many,a lot,lots,a great deal,any,still,even等 2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语.3）以上词(除by far)外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面.
.the+比较级，表示两个当中“更---，较---的”。There are two apples on the table.The bigger is for you,and the smaller one is for me.
6.否定词（not/never/---）和比较级连用表示最高级的意思。I couldn't find a better place.我不能找到一个更好的地方。也就是说这个地方是最好的。
【50题详解】
考查固定句式。It takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间。此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，故答案为it。
第三节 词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请根据语境用括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语意思填空，每空一词。
51. How many ________ (胃) does a cow have？
52. The best way to success is to stop ________ (regret) for the past or worrying about the future, but to start focusing on what you can do at present.
53. He explained ________ (science) the most important questions of political economy.
54. There are no ________ (永久的) displays in the museum and exhibits change all the time.
55. He looked at his students with great ________ (satisfy).
【答案】51. stomachs
52. regretting
53. scientifically
54. permanent
55. satisfaction
【解析】
本题考查单词拼写，要先理解句意，然后根据汉语和所给词判断所填词的词性，最后根据句中信息填写其正确形式。
【51题详解】
考查名词。句意：一头牛有几个胃？many修饰可数名词复数，故填复数形式stomachs.
【52题详解】
考查动词形式。句意：成功的最好方法是停止对过去的遗憾或对未来的担忧，而是开始关注你现在能做什么。表示“停止正在做的事”是stop doing sth. regret要双写t加-ing，故填regretting.
【53题详解】
考查副词。句意：他科学地解释了政治经济学中最重要的问题。修饰动词explain用副词，故填scientifically.
【54题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在博物馆里没有永久的展品，展品总是在变化。修饰名词displays，形容词“永久的”是permanent，故填permanent.
【55题详解】
考查名词。句意：他很满意地看着他的学生。由great修饰用名词，故填satisfaction.
根据所学语法知识填空，每空一词。
56. ________ began as a small activity has taken the shape of an inspiring institution of international standards.
57. It will be 321 days ________ we take part in the college entrance examination.
58. She opened it and let out a deep breath. Inside it ________ (be) two sharp knives.
59. The flowers his friends gave him will die unless ________ (water) every day.
60. It was ________ (repair) the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home.
【答案】56. What
57. before 58. were
59. watered
60. repairing
【解析】
本题考查根据语法知识填空，内容涉及主语从句，主谓一致，非谓语动词等。
【56题详解】
考查代词。句意：一开始只是一项小小的活动，现在已经形成了一个鼓舞人心的国际标准机构。句中has taken是谓语动词，前面是主语从句，由What引导，指……的内容，故填What.
【57题详解】
考查连词。句意：离我们参加高考还有321天。此处指高考前还有321天，“在…之前”是before，故填before.
【58题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：她打开它，深深地吸了一口气。里面是两把锋利的刀。介词Inside在句首句子倒装，主语是two sharp knives.是复数，与之一致谓语用复数，故填were.
【59题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：除非每天浇水，否则他朋友给他的花会枯死。句中主语The flowers和动词water是被动关系，指花被浇。用过去分词表被动，故填watered.
【60题详解】
考查动词形式。句意：那位老人整个上午都呆在家里，是在修理那只旧钟。此句是强调句，spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事，动词用-ing形式，故填repairing.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
61.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Sunday, I accompanied two of my foreign friends, Tom or Mary, around Chengdu so that they could get a feeling of the amazed city. We began by touring Kuan Zhai Alley, that is known for its traditional Chinese architecture. I know the area very good so I acted as their tour guide. For lunch, I tried some Chengdu fried sauce noodles. Tom thought that they were in particularly delicious. Soon before lunch, we went to the Research Base of Giant Panda to pay a visit to the pandas. Both Mary and Tom fall in love with the lovely pandas. We finished off the day by going shopping, and they bought some paper cuts as souvenir. It was fantastic day and I hope they will come to Chengdu again.
【答案】
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲了上周日，作者陪伴两个外国朋友Tom和Mary在成都游玩一天，度过了愉快的一天。
第一处：考查连词。句意：上周日，我陪伴我的两个外国朋友Tom和Mary在成都附近走走。表示并列关系，所以or改为and。
第二处：考查形容词。v-ed形式的形容词修饰人，而v-ing形式的形容词修饰物，这里修饰city，所以用v-ing形式，amazed改为amazing。
第三处：考查非限制性定语从句。that is known for its traditional Chinese architecture作定语，修饰Kuan Zhai Alley，且有逗号与主句隔开，所以是一个非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，所以用which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，that改为which。
第四处：考查副词。句意：我非常了解这一地区，所以我担任他们的导游。修饰动词know，用副词，所以good改为well。
第五处：考查代词。句意：午饭时，我们吃了一些成都炒面。是三个人旅行，表示“我们”，所以I改为we。
第六处：考查副词。句意：Tom认为特别好吃。修饰形容词delicious，用副词，in在这里为多余，所以删除in。
第七处：考查连词。句意：午饭后不久，我们去了大熊猫研究基地，去观看大熊猫。表示“在……之后”，所以before改为after。
第八处：考查时态。作者在回忆往事，所以用一般过去时，fall改为fell。
第九处：考查名词单复数。句意：我们通过购物结束了这一天，并且他们买了一些剪纸作为纪念品。“一些剪纸”是复数意义，所以“纪念品”用复数，souvenir改为souvenirs。
第十处：考查冠词。句意：这是美好的一天，并且我希望他们再次来到成都。泛指“一个极好的日子”，且fantastic的首字母发音是辅音，所以fantastic day前增加a。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
62.假定你是李华，你校将举办一个中国古代发明展览，你想邀请你的英国朋友Peter一起参观。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 展览的时间和地点；
2. 展览的内容（古代发明成就）。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I know you are interested in ancient Chinese culture. There is a good news that an exhibition of ancient Chinese inventions will be held in our school next Monday. It will last for five days. We can visit it at any time during the exhibition.
The show will display some great inventions in ancient China, including the world-famous Four Great Inventions: the compass, papermaking, gunpowder and printing. They had significant effects on the development of society. For example, thanks to papermaking and printing, a great deal of ancient information has been kept in books. These great ancient inventions made tremendous contributions to the world civilization.
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
学校将举办一个中国古代发明展览，李华想邀请英国朋友Peter一起参观。要求给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1. 展览的时间和地点；2. 展览的内容（古代发明成就）。
【详解】第一步：根据提示可知，本文是一封邀请信。
第二步：根据写作要求确定关键词（组），如：ancient Chinese culture, world-famous Four Great Inventions, significant effects, papermaking and printing, tremendous contributions ,world civilization.
第三步：根据提示和关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接和过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如宾语从句you are interested in ancient Chinese culture.同位语从句that an exhibition of ancient Chinese inventions will be held in our school next Monday.全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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