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2019届广东省广州市普通高中高三综合测试（三）英语试题（解析版）
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2019年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（三）
英语试题
本试卷共 10 页，满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号。因听力另考，试卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。写在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分 )
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Rules
Any media (paints, crayon, pencil etc) may be used but no computer generated posters are allowed.
Poster size must be between 18 cm × 25 cm and 50 cm × 65 cm.
Remember, larger posters have more impact!
A completed entry form must be attached to the back of the poster
(Download from www.watersheds.org/comp/forms).
All posters must be created by an individual student rather than a team of students.
The 2019 competition title “Watersheds-Our Water, Our Home” must appear on the poster.
No adult help permitted.
POSTER EVALUATION:
Conservation messages (50%)
Visual effectiveness (30%)
Originality (10%)
Universal/Popular appeal (10%)
PRIZES:
Cash prizes will be awarded for first, second and third place winners in each of the five categories. Each first place poster goes to the national poster competition.
WHO CAN PARTICIPATE?
The poster contest is open to all students in grades 1 to 12. Students in public or private schools can take part.
Categories: Grades 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-9, 10-12.
RESEARCH THE TOPIC：
The Internet and library are great places to visit to come up with an idea for your poster. You can also visit www.watersheds.org to get ideas on what makes a great poster and view posters that have previously won.
If your poster is in the top 3 in its category and you would like to receive it back, please call 130-767-3070.
1. What is the main function of the paragraph under the “POSTER CONTEST” heading?
A. To announce the start of a new competition.
B. To describe the competition’s terms and prizes.
C. To state who is entitled to take part in the competition
D. To explain why the competition’s theme is important.
2. What is the most important criterion for judging the posters?
A. The audience response to the poster.
B. The effectiveness of the message.
C. The graphics and colours used.
D. The originality of the design.
3. How many prizes will be awarded in total?
A. 3. B. 5.
C. 15. D. 20.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一个海报大赛的比赛规则。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据POSTER CONTEST标题下的段落大意主要为解释水资源对人们的重要性可知，标题下的段落功能为解释为什么比赛的主题很重要。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据POSTER EVALUATION部分中Conservation messages占到50%的评分标准可知信息的有效性是评判海报最重要的标准。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据PRIZES 部分Cash prizes will be awarded for first, second and third place winners in each of the five categories. 五项比赛的第一名、第二名和第三名将分别获得现金奖。即一共有5*3=15个奖项。故选C。
B
When I met a friend recently, I asked him how work was. “Oh, not that busy, I’m just coasting,” he said. He’s not alone. According to a recent poll, one third of the 3,000 people surveyed said they were “coasting” at work. This may come as a surprise in an age when so many people spend so much time complaining about how busy they are. But most of this talk about busyness is nonsense. According to a study by researchers at Oxford University, we do not, in fact, spend more time working than we have in the past. On some measures, the amount we work has gone down. Instead, many people just have jobs filled with tasks that don’t really need to be done.
The way we look at coasting has radically changed. In the past, being relaxed and not burdened with too much work within your organisation was a sign of status. Now, being extremely busy shows you are important. If you are not extremely overburdened, then you are seen as a slacker, a lazy person.
This does not make sense. Most people are not as busy as they say they are. In fact, most pressing tasks at work are often unrelated to productivity. Many busy people are actually overburdened with telling others how busy they are. Being overly-focused on your job may make you feel important, but it’s likely to annoy friends, co-workers and your family. What’s more, being super-busy all the time is not good for you. A Cornell University study found that people who are overburdened with work tend to have a worse sense of wellbeing than those who are more relaxed. The researchers also found that being super-busy is bad for your career. Those who reported working very intensely were associated with poorer career outcomes.
So, perhaps coasters are not a drag on productivity. Maybe they have worked out that the secret to a productive and healthy life is not being too busy, and certainly not talking continuously about how busy you are. We should remember Bertrand Russell’s adage: “One of the symptoms of an approaching nervous breakdown is the belief that one’s work is terribly important.”
4. What can we infer from the findings of the Oxford University study?
A. People have a false impression about how busy they are at work.
B. Less busy employees have a greater likelihood of promotion.
C. One third of employees don’t consider themselves to be busy.
D. People overburdened at work are likely to feel more energised.
5. In the 19th century which of these people would probably have been the LEAST busy in their job?
A. A bank clerk.
B. A bank owner.
C. An office cleaner.
D. An office secretary.
6. Why might “coasters” actually be successful in their work?
A. They do not feel threatened by a challenging task.
B. They work more co-operatively with their colleagues.
C. They are able to focus on the most important and necessary tasks.
D. They are often more intelligent and able to complete their work faster.
7. Which of the following best summarizes the author’s attitude?
A. He expresses no personal opinion about the topic.
B. He thinks that lazy people are in fact the best workers
C. He is sympathetic towards difficulties of super-busy workers.
D. He believes that busyness at work does not equal effectiveness.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。根据牛津大学研究人员的一项研究，事实上，我们在工作上花的时间并不比过去更多。从某些方面来看，我们的工作量下降了。相反，许多人的工作只是充满了不必要的任务。现在，极度忙碌表明你很重要。如果你没有过度劳累，那么你会被认为是一个懒鬼，一个懒惰的人。而事实上，工作中最紧迫的任务往往与工作效率无关。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。第一段中According to a study by researchers at Oxford University, we do not, in fact, spend more time working than we have in the past.可知根据牛津大学研究人员的一项研究，事实上，我们在工作上花的时间并不比过去更多。即人们对自己工作的忙碌程度有一种错误的印象。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第二句In the past, being relaxed and not burdened with too much work within your organisation was a sign of status.可知放松和没有太多的工作负担是一种身份的象征。分析选项可知银行的所有者是其他三个选项中身份最高的，因此银行所有者可能是所有工作中最不忙碌的。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段第二句Maybe they have worked out that the secret to a productive and healthy life is not being too busy, and certainly not talking continuously about how busy you are.可知也许他们已经发现，拥有高效健康生活的秘诀就是不要太忙，当然也不要一直说自己有多忙。可推理他们工作成果的原因是能够集中注意力在最重要和必要的工作上。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二句In fact, most pressing tasks at work are often unrelated to productivity.可知作者认为工作中最紧迫的任务往往与工作效率无关。即他认为工作繁忙并不等于效率高。故选D。
C
Most children are full of the most impractical schemes for becoming policemen, firemen or train drivers when they grow up. When I was a child, however, I did not have such ordinary ambitions. I was going to have my own zoo.
At the time, this did not seem to me, and still does not seem, an unreasonable idea. My friends and relatives, who had long found me strange because I showed little interest in anything that did not have fur or feathers, accepted this as just another example of my strangeness. They felt that, if they ignored my often-repeated remarks about owning my own zoo, I would eventually grow out if it.
As the years passed however, my determination to have my own zoo grew increasingly strong, and eventually, after going on a number of trips to bring back animals for other zoos, I was ready to start my own.
From my latest trip to West Africa, I had brought back a considerable collection and animals which were living, temporarily I assured her, in my sister’s suburban garden in Bournemouth. After a number of unsuccessful attempts to convince the local council to support my plans, I began to investigate the possibility of starting my zoo on the island of Jersey in the English Cannel.
I was introduced to a man named Hugh Fraser who, I was told, was a broad-minded, kindly soul. He would show me around the island and point out suitable sites. So, my wife and I flew to Jersey and were met by Hugh who drove us to his family home, probably one of the most beautiful old houses on the island. There was a huge walled garden with lots of outbuildings all built in the beautiful local stone. Turning to my wife, I said, “What a marvelous place for a zoo!”
To my relief, Hugh Fraser did not think my idea absurd, and asked whether I really meant what I said. Slightly embarrassed, I replied that I had meant it, but added hastily that I realized it was impossible. Hugh said he did not think it was as impossible as all that.
He went on to explain that the house and grounds were too big for him, and so he wanted to move to a smaller place in England. Would I care to consider renting the property for the purpose of establishing my zoo? I could not imagine more attractive surroundings for my purposes, and by the time lunch was over, the bargain had been sealed.
The alarm displayed by all who knew me when this news was announced was intense. The only exception to the general chorus of disapproval was my sister. Although she thought it a mad scheme, at least it would rid her back garden of the assorted jungle creatures who were straining her relationship with her neighbours.
8. How did the author’s friends and relatives respond to his childhood dream?
A. They approved of his idea.
B. They paid no attention to him.
C. They believed he’d give it up later on.
D. They thought he was overly ambitious.
9. What made the author decide to start his zoo on the island of Jersey?
A. Refusal by the local council to support his idea.
B. Inspiration from his last trip to West Africa.
C. Failure to get donation from other zoos.
D. The need for a larger suburban garden.
10. Why did Hugh eventually agree to rent his property to the author?
A. Hugh also loved animals very much.
B. Hugh found it hard to manage the property by himself.
C. Hugh didn’t like the place so decided to move to England.
D. Hugh was moved by the author’s eagerness to establish a zoo.
11. What can be inferred about the author’s sister?
A. She was fond of chorus.
B. She was sure of his success.
C. She didn’t get on well with her parents.
D. She was being troubled by his animals.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者从小的梦想就是拥有自己的动物园，但是家人和朋友都认为他会放弃。而在经过了地方议会拒绝支持作者的想法后，作者决定在泽西岛建立他自己的动物园。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。第二段最后一句They felt that, if they ignored my often-repeated remarks about owning my own zoo, I would eventually grow out if it.可知作者的家人朋友认为最终会长大，会放弃儿时的梦想。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。第四段最后一句After a number of unsuccessful attempts to convince the local council to support my plans, I began to investigate the possibility of starting my zoo on the island of Jersey in the English Cannel.可知地方议会拒绝支持作者的想法是让作者决定在泽西岛建立他的动物园的原因。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。倒数第二段第一句He went on to explain that the house and grounds were too big for him, and so he wanted to move to a smaller place in England.可知Hugh的房子和场地对他来说太大了，他一个人管理不过来，因此最终同意租给作者。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。文章最后一句Although she thought it a mad scheme, at least it would rid her back garden of the assorted jungle creatures who were straining her relationship with her neighbours.可知虽然作者姐姐认为这是一个疯狂的计划，但至少它会使她的后花园摆脱各种各样的丛林动物，这些动物正在破坏她与邻居的关系。可推测她被他的动物弄得心烦意乱。故选D。
D
Amid growing global condemnation of elephant riding as a tourist activity, Yok Don National Park in southern Vietnam has ended the practice and replaced it with the first ethical (伦理) elephant experience of its kind in the country.
The formally captive group of four elephants were released from their chains earlier this month and no longer carry tourists on rides through the park. Visitors can instead observe the animals roaming freely in their natural habitat.
The park worked on the initiative with Animal Protection Asia, which campaigns for long-term changes in animal welfare and tourism in Vietnam. The official agreement between the charity and the state-run park was signed on 13 July, and runs until April 2023, with the first tours taking place earlier this month. Over the next five years, it is hoped that the new model will provide as much or even more revenue for owners as riding, and encourage mahouts (管象人) and elephant tourism companies to follow.
This project has entirely changed the lives of the elephants at the park and it also provides a much better experience for the tourists. Misuse has been replaced with respect, and the animals look much healthier and happier than before.
Awareness of the adverse effects of elephant riding has increased in recent years, with a growing number of tourists avoiding cruel attractions and supporting welfare centres and animal protection instead, alongside an increasing number of tour operators refusing to sell elephant treks that include riding.
Many of the elephants used in riding and other activities, such as painting or performing tricks, are caught as babies from the wild, their mothers often killed. Once captured, they typically undergo intensive conditioning known as “crushing the spirit”, where they are kept in tiny pens and beaten and starved, sometimes for weeks. Once trained, many of the animals eventually die from exhaustion. Campaigners and charities hope to continue to educate the industry in Vietnam and around the world, and show how profitable ethical elephant experiences, with retired and rescued animals, can be, instead.
12. What is true for most working elephants in Vietnam?
A. They are allowed to roam freely.
B. They are chained up and cruelly treated.
C. They outnumber those found in the wild.
D. They are kept with their mothers during training.
13. What is the goal of Animal Protection Asia?
A. It seeks to raise money for national parks’ operation.
B. It wants to organize more sightseeing tours in Vietnam.
C. It hopes to set a new model for elephant tourism companies.
D. It expects to eventually free all the working elephants in Asia.
14. Which of the following best explains “adverse” underlined in paragraph 5?
A. Practical. B. Unexpected.
C. Financial. D. Negative.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Say no to elephant riding
B. A new profitable model
C. Vietnam takes the lead
D. Negative effects of elephant tourism
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章就越南一公园终止了骑大象这种在全球日益受到谴责的活动为引入，说明了该公园与亚洲动物保护协会合作，致力于推动越南动物福利和旅游业的长期变化。在未来的五年里，人们希望这种新模式能像骑马一样为车主带来更多的收入，并鼓励管象人和大象旅游公司效仿。这个项目彻底改变了公园里大象的生活，也为游客提供了更好的体验。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。第二段第一句The formally captive group of four elephants were released from their chains earlier this month and no longer carry tourists on rides through the park.可知越南的这群被锁起来的大象被正式释放，不再被迫带游客在公园里游玩。可知越南大多数工作大象被锁起来，受到残酷的对待。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。第三段最后一句Over the next five years, it is hoped that the new model will provide as much or even more revenue for owners as riding, and encourage mahouts and elephant tourism companies to follow.可知亚洲动物保护的目标是希望设立一种新模式，能像骑马一样为车主带来更多的收入，并鼓励管象人和大象旅游公司效仿。故选C。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文with a growing number of tourists avoiding cruel attractions and supporting welfare centres and animal protection instead, alongside an increasing number of tour operators refusing to sell elephant treks that include riding. 随着越来越多的游客避开残酷的景点，转而支持福利中心和动物保护，越来越多的旅行社拒绝销售包括骑马在内的大象徒步旅行。可推测得知近年来，人们越来越意识到骑大象的负面影响。故划线部分单词意思为“负面的；消极的”故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一句Amid growing global condemnation of elephant riding as a tourist activity全球越来越多的人谴责骑大象是一种旅游活动，且结合文章主要内容为提倡人们拒绝骑大象活动。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Earworm
Most people have had songs stuck in their heads at some point. The scientific name for this is involuntary musical imagery (INMI), which simply means that people do not choose to keep the songs in their heads, but that it happens unconsciously. Experts have nicknamed this condition “earworm,” even though it is not an actual worm, and it does not take place in the ear. ___16___ It occurs when a catchy tune “sticks” in a person’s mind. What makes a song stick depends on the individual. Some people get stuck on their favorite songs, while others end up fixated on songs they find annoying.
___17___ It can be brought on after recently hearing a song, or it can be triggered by a memory. Although earworm can happen to anyone at any time, certain people are more likely than others to suffer from it. Most commonly, musicians experience it, but people who simply listen to music more frequently than others are also more prone to earworm.
No evidence has proven one effective cure but anything that disturbs the brain can help. ___18___ For example, actively chewing gum might switch the brain’s focus from the repeating song to the moving jaw. Engaging in a task that requires concentration can remove the pesky earworm as well. However, if the task requires too much effort, it can actually prolong the earworm. ___19___
While earworm can be very annoying, there is no evidence that suggests it is actually harmful. ___20___ After all, these songs repeat automatically with no effort. What if science could apply this information to learning? What if everyone could learn new things without having to try so hard? If scientists can figure out how to tap into this type of memory, learning might look different in the future.
A. We have a tendency to move to earworms.
B. Rather, it takes place in the memory centers of the brain.
C. One possibility to help shift the brain is to occupy it with a new activity.
D. Nobody knows exactly why a particular song gets caught in a person’s brain.
E. This is because the mind tends to wander to escape the difficulty of the job at hand.
F. Psychologists have long been looking for ways to turn off those unwelcome thoughts.
G. In fact, some experts are studying earworm to see what they can learn about memory centers.
【答案】16. B 17. D
18. C 19. E
20. G
【解析】
本文属于说明文，介绍歌曲或其它音乐作品的某个片断不由自主地反复在某人脑子里出现的情况叫做耳朵虫，以及介绍了耳朵虫的产生及部分有效预防措施。
【16题详解】
根据下文It occurs when a catchy tune “sticks” in a person’s mind. 当一个朗朗上口的曲调“粘”在一个人的脑海中时，它就会发生。可知耳朵虫是发生在大脑思维的记忆中心的。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据下文It can be brought on after recently hearing a song, or it can be triggered by a memory. 它可以是在最近听到一首歌之后产生的，也可以是由记忆触发的。可知耳朵虫发生的情况并不确定，没有人确切地知道为什么一首歌会进入一个人的大脑。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据下文For example, actively chewing gum might switch the brain’s focus from the repeating song to the moving jaw. 例如，嚼口香糖可能会把大脑的注意力从重复的歌曲转移到活动的下颌。可知应对这种情况的办法是转移注意力，用一种新的活动占据大脑。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文However, if the task requires too much effort, it can actually prolong the earworm. 然而，如果这项任务需要太多的努力，它实际上会延长耳朵虫情况。可推测下文对此作出解释：这是因为大脑往往会走神以逃避手头工作的困难。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文While earworm can be very annoying, there is no evidence that suggests it is actually harmful. 虽然耳朵虫很烦人，但没有证据表明它实际上是有害的。可推测下文一些专家正在研究耳朵虫，看看他们能从记忆中心中学到什么。故选G。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I’m sitting in a quiet hotel room. It’s just past noon, late July, and I’m listening to the ___21___ sounds of a life-or-death struggle going on a few feet away. There’s a small fly burning out the ___22___ of its short life’s energies in a fruitless attempt to ___23___ through the glass window. The beating wings tell the moving story of the fly’s ___24___: Try harder.
But it’s not ___25___.
The crazy effort offers no hope for ___26___. Ironically, the struggle is part of the ___27___. It is ___28___ for the fly to try hard enough to succeed in breaking through the glass. This fly is doomed. It will die there on the windowsill. Across the room, ten steps away, the door is ___29___. Ten seconds of flying time and this small creature could ___30___ the outside world it seeks. With only a fraction of the effort now being ___31___, it could be free of this self-created trap. Why doesn’t the fly try another approach, something dramatically ___32___? How did it get so ___33___ in the idea that this particular route offers the most promise for success? What logic is there in continuing to seek a/an ___34___ by repeating the same failed action?
There is no doubt that the approach of “keep trying hard” makes sense to the fly. Regrettably, it’s the same idea that will eventually ___35___ the fly. Trying harder isn’t ___36___ the solution to achieving more. It may not offer any real ___37___ for getting what you want out of life. Sometimes, trying harder is the problem. If you ___38___ your hopes for a breakthrough on trying harder than ever, you may ___39___ your chances for success. You should try harder by trying ___40___.
21. A. sweet B. desperate C. mysterious D. curious
22. A. last B. first C. best D. Worst
23. A. put B. run C. see D. fly
24. A. performance B. strategy C. contribution D. dream
25. A. working B. improving C. moving D. living
26. A. pleasure B. return C. peace D. escape
27. A. prize B. design C. trap D. success
28. A. irresponsible B. impossible C. reasonable D. practical
29. A. bright B. broken C. open D. wide
30. A. reach B. see C. own D. leave
31. A. done B. tried C. sought D. wasted
32. A. dangerous B. demanding C. different D. powerful
33. A. concerned B. worried C. frustrated D. locked
34. A. breakthrough B. explanation C. improvement D. guarantee
35. A. interrupt B. kill C. encourage D. Persuade
36. A. completely B. importantly C. necessarily D. appropriately
37. A. experience B. promise C. position D. challenge
38. A. follow B. shift C. get D. risk
39. A. miss B. increase C. abandon D. substitute
40. A. simpler B. sooner C. smarter D. braver
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. C
【解析】
本文属于说明文阅读。这篇文章主要讲述了作者见到一只苍蝇为了逃脱不断地撞击玻璃直至死亡，然而事实上在房间的对面，几步路远的地方，门是开着的；由此引发了作者的思考，告诫我们不要一味地努力，要找对正确的方法。
【21题详解】
考查形容词。A. sweet甜蜜的；B. desperate绝望的；C. mysterious神秘的；D. curious好奇的。句意：刚刚过了七月下旬的中午，我听到了几英尺外生死搏斗的绝望声音。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词。A. last最后的；B. first首先的；C. best最好的；D. worst最坏的。句意：有一只小苍蝇耗尽了它短暂生命中最后的能量。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词。A. put放；B. run跑步；C. see看见；D. fly飞。根据上文可知苍蝇试图飞出玻璃窗。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词。A. performance表现；B. strategy战略；C. contribution贡献；D. dream梦想。句意：拍打的翅膀讲述了苍蝇策略的动人故事:更加努力。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词。A. working工作；起作用；B. improving促进；C. moving移动；D. living居住。根据上文可知苍蝇没有成功，因此努力也不起作用。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词。A. pleasure快乐；B. return返回；C. peace和平；D. escape逃跑。句意：这种疯狂的努力没有任何逃跑的希望。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词。A. prize奖品；B. design设计；C. trap陷阱；D. success成功。句意：具有讽刺意味的是，斗争是陷阱的一部分。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查形容词。A. irresponsible不负责的；B. impossible不可能的；C. reasonable合理的；D. practical实际的。句意：苍蝇不可能足够努力去打破玻璃。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词。A. bright明亮的；B. broken破碎的；C. open打开的；D. wide广泛的。十步之外门是打开的。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词。A. reach到达；B. see看见；C. own拥有；D. leave离开。苍蝇只需要飞行十秒钟就可以到达它所追寻的外面的世界。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词。A. done做；B. tried尝试；C. sought寻找；D. wasted浪费；耗费。句意：现在只耗费一小部分努力，它就可以摆脱这个自我创造的陷阱。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。A. dangerous危险的；B. demanding苛求的；C. different不同的；D. powerful强大的。句意：为什么苍蝇不尝试另一种方法，一种截然不同的方法呢?故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词。A. concerned关心的；B. worried担心的；C. frustrated沮丧的；D. locked上锁的。句意：它是如何如此执着地认为这条特定的路线最有可能成功的呢?lock in“执着”，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词。A. breakthrough突破；B. explanation解释；C. improvement改进；D. guarantee保证。句意: 重复同样的失败行动，继续寻求突破，这有什么逻辑可言?故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词。A. interrupt打断；B. kill杀死；C. encourage鼓励；D. persuade劝说。句意：遗憾的是，它也是最终杀死苍蝇的同一种想法。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查副词。A. completely完全地；B. importantly重要地；C. necessarily必定地；D. appropriately适当地。句意：更努力的尝试并不是获得更多的解决方案必定方式。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查名词。A. experience经历；B. promise承诺；C. position位置；D. challenge挑战。句意：它可能不会提供任何真正的承诺，让你得到你想要的生活。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查动词。A. follow跟随；B. shift转移；C. get得到；D. risk冒险。句意：如果你冒着突破的希望，比以往任何时候都更加努力。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查动词。A. miss错过；B. increase增加；C. abandon抛弃；D. substitute代替。句意：你可能会错过成功的机会。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。A. simpler更简单的；B. sooner更快的；C. smarter更聪明的；D. braver更勇敢的。句意：你应该用更加聪明的方式更加努力尝试。故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。
How many hours did you spend reading last week? This question ___41___ (arrive) in thousands of American homes every other year since 1992 as part of the University of Michigan’s Health and Retirement Study. In 2016, researchers found that people who identified themselves as regular book readers were 23 per cent ___42___ (little) likely to die between 2001 and 2012 than ___43___ who read only newspapers or magazines.
You may already be familiar with recent ___44___ (find) that suggest children who read books with their parents several times a week score higher ___45___ intelligent tests than nonreaders. But recent research argues that reading may be just as important in adulthood. When ___46___ (practise) over a lifetime, reading and language-acquisition skills can support ___47___ (health) brain functions in big ways.
What is it about reading books that boosts our brain power whereas reading newspapers doesn’t?
For one, reading a book (of any genre) forces your brain to think ___48___ (critical) and make connections from one chapter to another, and to the outside world, ___49___ may provide a greater defense against the worst effects or cognitive decay. Secondly, reading books, especially fiction, has been shown to increase empathy and emotional intelligence, both of which are proven ___50___ (help) you live longer.
【答案】41. has arrived
42. less 43. those
44. findings
45. on / in
46. practised
47. healthy / healthier
48. critically
49. which 50. to help
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。2016年，研究人员发现，与只阅读报纸或杂志的人相比，自认为是经常读书的人在2001年至2012年间的死亡率要低23%。文章就阅读对人产生的影响展开说明。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：自1992年以来，作为密歇根大学健康与退休研究的一部分，这个问题每隔一年就会出现在成千上万的美国家庭中。根据下文since 1992可知本句应用现在完成时，主语为单数，故填has arrived。
【42题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：2016年，研究人员发现，与只阅读报纸或杂志的人相比，自认为是经常读书的人在2001年至2012年间的死亡率要低23%。根据下文than可知应填形容词比较级less。
【43题详解】
考查代词。此处指代上文book readers，且为复数形式，故填指示代词those。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：你可能已经熟悉最近的研究发现，表明每周和父母一起读几次书的孩子比不读书的孩子在智力测试中得分更高。recent为形容词修饰名词，且根据下文suggest为原形，可知应用复数形式，故填findings。
【45题详解】
考查介词。表示“在智力测试中”应用介词in或on。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故practise只能做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语构成被动关系故用过去分词，故填practised。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。brain functions为名词词组，需要形容词修饰，故填healthy或比较级形式healthier。
【48题详解】
考查副词。think为动词，需要副词修饰，故填critically。
【49题详解】
考查定语从句连接词。句意：首先，阅读任何类型的书都会迫使你的大脑进行批判性思考，并将章节与章节之间、与外部世界之间建立联系，这样可以更好地抵御最坏的影响或认知衰退。本句为非限定性定语从句，指代上个整个句子，故填which。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：其次，阅读书籍，尤其是小说，已经被证明可以增加同理心和情商，这两者都被证明可以帮助你活得更长。be proven to do“被证明是” 后跟不定式，故填to help。
第四部分 写作 ( 共两节，满分35分 )
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分 )
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As a father sat reading a magazine, his young daughter kept disturb him. To keep her busily, he tore out a page on that a map of the world was printed. He cut it into piece and asked her to put them together again by her own.
He was sure she will need the whole day to get it done. But a few minutes later the girl returned with a perfect map. When asked whether she did it so quickly, she said, “There’s a man’s face on other side. I just made the face perfect to get the map right.” She then ran out of to play, leaving the father surprising.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了一位父亲因为不想小女儿一直打扰看杂志，于是从印着世界地图的纸上撕下了一页让女儿去拼图。结果女儿用另一种令人吃惊的方式快速完成了拼图的故事。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：一位父亲坐在那里看杂志，他的小女儿不停地打扰他。keep doing sth.“持续做某事”后跟-ing形式，故disturb改为disturbing。
2.考查形容词。句意：为了让她忙个不停，他在那张印着世界地图的纸上撕下了一页。短语keep sb. busy“让某人忙个不停”，故busily改为busy。
3.考查定语从句连接词。本句为“介词+关系代词”形式的定语从句修饰先行词pages，指物，且做介词on的宾语，只能用which。故that改为which。
4.考查名词的数。piece为可数名词，此处“撕成碎片”应用复数形式，故piece改为pieces。
5.考查介词。短语on one’s own“独自”，故by改为on。
6.考查时态一致。句意：He was sure she will need the whole day to get it done.根据上文主句He was sure为一般过去时，从句要与主句时态保持一致，故will改为would，为过去将来时。
7.考查连接词。句意：当被问及她是如何这么快做到的时候。此处缺少方式状语，故whether改为how。
8.考查冠词。此处表示特指“地图的另一面”，故other前添加冠词the。
9考查介词。句意：然后她跑出去玩耍了。run out of“用光；用尽”与句意不符，故去掉of。
10.考查形容词。father指人，应用-ed结尾的形容词修饰，故surprising改为surprised。
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
52.你校昨天举行了年度校园“科技节” (Science & Technology Day)。请你写一篇日记，内容包括：
1. 科技节的主要内容；
2. 你所参加的活动及原因；
3. 你的感想。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】May 15th, Sunny
Dear Diary
Our school held the annual “Science & Technology Day” yesterday and I found it to be a hugely rewarding experience. Activities included technological knowledge quizzes, student research exhibitions and advanced technologies lectures. My classmates and I really enjoyed it all and deeply appreciated the efforts of the organizers.
I took part in the “create your own robot” competition, which was a great learning opportunity. The hand-on experience really helped me to better understand the theory behind robotics.
Thanks to the festival, I have a much clearer understanding of technology and its applications than before. It has motivated me to focus on science as a career, and hopefully make a meaningful contribution to our society.
I can’t wait for the next festival.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，要求写一篇日记；你校昨天举行了年度校园“科技节” (Science & Technology Day)。请你写一篇日记，内容包括：1. 科技节的主要内容；2. 你所参加的活动及原因；3. 你的感想。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：annual（年度的）；Science & Technology Day（科技节），rewarding（有益的），technological knowledge quizzes（科技知识竞赛）；advanced technologies lectures（先进科技讲座）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Our school held the annual “Science & Technology Day” yesterday and I found it to be a hugely rewarding experience. 运动了it做形式宾语；I took part in the “create your own robot” competition, which was a great learning opportunity.运动了非限定性定语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
英语试题
本试卷共 10 页，满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号。因听力另考，试卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。写在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分 )
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Rules
Any media (paints, crayon, pencil etc) may be used but no computer generated posters are allowed.
Poster size must be between 18 cm × 25 cm and 50 cm × 65 cm.
Remember, larger posters have more impact!
A completed entry form must be attached to the back of the poster
(Download from www.watersheds.org/comp/forms).
All posters must be created by an individual student rather than a team of students.
The 2019 competition title “Watersheds-Our Water, Our Home” must appear on the poster.
No adult help permitted.
POSTER EVALUATION:
Conservation messages (50%)
Visual effectiveness (30%)
Originality (10%)
Universal/Popular appeal (10%)
PRIZES:
Cash prizes will be awarded for first, second and third place winners in each of the five categories. Each first place poster goes to the national poster competition.
WHO CAN PARTICIPATE?
The poster contest is open to all students in grades 1 to 12. Students in public or private schools can take part.
Categories: Grades 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-9, 10-12.
RESEARCH THE TOPIC：
The Internet and library are great places to visit to come up with an idea for your poster. You can also visit www.watersheds.org to get ideas on what makes a great poster and view posters that have previously won.
If your poster is in the top 3 in its category and you would like to receive it back, please call 130-767-3070.
1. What is the main function of the paragraph under the “POSTER CONTEST” heading?
A. To announce the start of a new competition.
B. To describe the competition’s terms and prizes.
C. To state who is entitled to take part in the competition
D. To explain why the competition’s theme is important.
2. What is the most important criterion for judging the posters?
A. The audience response to the poster.
B. The effectiveness of the message.
C. The graphics and colours used.
D. The originality of the design.
3. How many prizes will be awarded in total?
A. 3. B. 5.
C. 15. D. 20.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一个海报大赛的比赛规则。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据POSTER CONTEST标题下的段落大意主要为解释水资源对人们的重要性可知，标题下的段落功能为解释为什么比赛的主题很重要。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据POSTER EVALUATION部分中Conservation messages占到50%的评分标准可知信息的有效性是评判海报最重要的标准。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据PRIZES 部分Cash prizes will be awarded for first, second and third place winners in each of the five categories. 五项比赛的第一名、第二名和第三名将分别获得现金奖。即一共有5*3=15个奖项。故选C。
B
When I met a friend recently, I asked him how work was. “Oh, not that busy, I’m just coasting,” he said. He’s not alone. According to a recent poll, one third of the 3,000 people surveyed said they were “coasting” at work. This may come as a surprise in an age when so many people spend so much time complaining about how busy they are. But most of this talk about busyness is nonsense. According to a study by researchers at Oxford University, we do not, in fact, spend more time working than we have in the past. On some measures, the amount we work has gone down. Instead, many people just have jobs filled with tasks that don’t really need to be done.
The way we look at coasting has radically changed. In the past, being relaxed and not burdened with too much work within your organisation was a sign of status. Now, being extremely busy shows you are important. If you are not extremely overburdened, then you are seen as a slacker, a lazy person.
This does not make sense. Most people are not as busy as they say they are. In fact, most pressing tasks at work are often unrelated to productivity. Many busy people are actually overburdened with telling others how busy they are. Being overly-focused on your job may make you feel important, but it’s likely to annoy friends, co-workers and your family. What’s more, being super-busy all the time is not good for you. A Cornell University study found that people who are overburdened with work tend to have a worse sense of wellbeing than those who are more relaxed. The researchers also found that being super-busy is bad for your career. Those who reported working very intensely were associated with poorer career outcomes.
So, perhaps coasters are not a drag on productivity. Maybe they have worked out that the secret to a productive and healthy life is not being too busy, and certainly not talking continuously about how busy you are. We should remember Bertrand Russell’s adage: “One of the symptoms of an approaching nervous breakdown is the belief that one’s work is terribly important.”
4. What can we infer from the findings of the Oxford University study?
A. People have a false impression about how busy they are at work.
B. Less busy employees have a greater likelihood of promotion.
C. One third of employees don’t consider themselves to be busy.
D. People overburdened at work are likely to feel more energised.
5. In the 19th century which of these people would probably have been the LEAST busy in their job?
A. A bank clerk.
B. A bank owner.
C. An office cleaner.
D. An office secretary.
6. Why might “coasters” actually be successful in their work?
A. They do not feel threatened by a challenging task.
B. They work more co-operatively with their colleagues.
C. They are able to focus on the most important and necessary tasks.
D. They are often more intelligent and able to complete their work faster.
7. Which of the following best summarizes the author’s attitude?
A. He expresses no personal opinion about the topic.
B. He thinks that lazy people are in fact the best workers
C. He is sympathetic towards difficulties of super-busy workers.
D. He believes that busyness at work does not equal effectiveness.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。根据牛津大学研究人员的一项研究，事实上，我们在工作上花的时间并不比过去更多。从某些方面来看，我们的工作量下降了。相反，许多人的工作只是充满了不必要的任务。现在，极度忙碌表明你很重要。如果你没有过度劳累，那么你会被认为是一个懒鬼，一个懒惰的人。而事实上，工作中最紧迫的任务往往与工作效率无关。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。第一段中According to a study by researchers at Oxford University, we do not, in fact, spend more time working than we have in the past.可知根据牛津大学研究人员的一项研究，事实上，我们在工作上花的时间并不比过去更多。即人们对自己工作的忙碌程度有一种错误的印象。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第二句In the past, being relaxed and not burdened with too much work within your organisation was a sign of status.可知放松和没有太多的工作负担是一种身份的象征。分析选项可知银行的所有者是其他三个选项中身份最高的，因此银行所有者可能是所有工作中最不忙碌的。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段第二句Maybe they have worked out that the secret to a productive and healthy life is not being too busy, and certainly not talking continuously about how busy you are.可知也许他们已经发现，拥有高效健康生活的秘诀就是不要太忙，当然也不要一直说自己有多忙。可推理他们工作成果的原因是能够集中注意力在最重要和必要的工作上。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二句In fact, most pressing tasks at work are often unrelated to productivity.可知作者认为工作中最紧迫的任务往往与工作效率无关。即他认为工作繁忙并不等于效率高。故选D。
C
Most children are full of the most impractical schemes for becoming policemen, firemen or train drivers when they grow up. When I was a child, however, I did not have such ordinary ambitions. I was going to have my own zoo.
At the time, this did not seem to me, and still does not seem, an unreasonable idea. My friends and relatives, who had long found me strange because I showed little interest in anything that did not have fur or feathers, accepted this as just another example of my strangeness. They felt that, if they ignored my often-repeated remarks about owning my own zoo, I would eventually grow out if it.
As the years passed however, my determination to have my own zoo grew increasingly strong, and eventually, after going on a number of trips to bring back animals for other zoos, I was ready to start my own.
From my latest trip to West Africa, I had brought back a considerable collection and animals which were living, temporarily I assured her, in my sister’s suburban garden in Bournemouth. After a number of unsuccessful attempts to convince the local council to support my plans, I began to investigate the possibility of starting my zoo on the island of Jersey in the English Cannel.
I was introduced to a man named Hugh Fraser who, I was told, was a broad-minded, kindly soul. He would show me around the island and point out suitable sites. So, my wife and I flew to Jersey and were met by Hugh who drove us to his family home, probably one of the most beautiful old houses on the island. There was a huge walled garden with lots of outbuildings all built in the beautiful local stone. Turning to my wife, I said, “What a marvelous place for a zoo!”
To my relief, Hugh Fraser did not think my idea absurd, and asked whether I really meant what I said. Slightly embarrassed, I replied that I had meant it, but added hastily that I realized it was impossible. Hugh said he did not think it was as impossible as all that.
He went on to explain that the house and grounds were too big for him, and so he wanted to move to a smaller place in England. Would I care to consider renting the property for the purpose of establishing my zoo? I could not imagine more attractive surroundings for my purposes, and by the time lunch was over, the bargain had been sealed.
The alarm displayed by all who knew me when this news was announced was intense. The only exception to the general chorus of disapproval was my sister. Although she thought it a mad scheme, at least it would rid her back garden of the assorted jungle creatures who were straining her relationship with her neighbours.
8. How did the author’s friends and relatives respond to his childhood dream?
A. They approved of his idea.
B. They paid no attention to him.
C. They believed he’d give it up later on.
D. They thought he was overly ambitious.
9. What made the author decide to start his zoo on the island of Jersey?
A. Refusal by the local council to support his idea.
B. Inspiration from his last trip to West Africa.
C. Failure to get donation from other zoos.
D. The need for a larger suburban garden.
10. Why did Hugh eventually agree to rent his property to the author?
A. Hugh also loved animals very much.
B. Hugh found it hard to manage the property by himself.
C. Hugh didn’t like the place so decided to move to England.
D. Hugh was moved by the author’s eagerness to establish a zoo.
11. What can be inferred about the author’s sister?
A. She was fond of chorus.
B. She was sure of his success.
C. She didn’t get on well with her parents.
D. She was being troubled by his animals.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者从小的梦想就是拥有自己的动物园，但是家人和朋友都认为他会放弃。而在经过了地方议会拒绝支持作者的想法后，作者决定在泽西岛建立他自己的动物园。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。第二段最后一句They felt that, if they ignored my often-repeated remarks about owning my own zoo, I would eventually grow out if it.可知作者的家人朋友认为最终会长大，会放弃儿时的梦想。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。第四段最后一句After a number of unsuccessful attempts to convince the local council to support my plans, I began to investigate the possibility of starting my zoo on the island of Jersey in the English Cannel.可知地方议会拒绝支持作者的想法是让作者决定在泽西岛建立他的动物园的原因。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。倒数第二段第一句He went on to explain that the house and grounds were too big for him, and so he wanted to move to a smaller place in England.可知Hugh的房子和场地对他来说太大了，他一个人管理不过来，因此最终同意租给作者。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。文章最后一句Although she thought it a mad scheme, at least it would rid her back garden of the assorted jungle creatures who were straining her relationship with her neighbours.可知虽然作者姐姐认为这是一个疯狂的计划，但至少它会使她的后花园摆脱各种各样的丛林动物，这些动物正在破坏她与邻居的关系。可推测她被他的动物弄得心烦意乱。故选D。
D
Amid growing global condemnation of elephant riding as a tourist activity, Yok Don National Park in southern Vietnam has ended the practice and replaced it with the first ethical (伦理) elephant experience of its kind in the country.
The formally captive group of four elephants were released from their chains earlier this month and no longer carry tourists on rides through the park. Visitors can instead observe the animals roaming freely in their natural habitat.
The park worked on the initiative with Animal Protection Asia, which campaigns for long-term changes in animal welfare and tourism in Vietnam. The official agreement between the charity and the state-run park was signed on 13 July, and runs until April 2023, with the first tours taking place earlier this month. Over the next five years, it is hoped that the new model will provide as much or even more revenue for owners as riding, and encourage mahouts (管象人) and elephant tourism companies to follow.
This project has entirely changed the lives of the elephants at the park and it also provides a much better experience for the tourists. Misuse has been replaced with respect, and the animals look much healthier and happier than before.
Awareness of the adverse effects of elephant riding has increased in recent years, with a growing number of tourists avoiding cruel attractions and supporting welfare centres and animal protection instead, alongside an increasing number of tour operators refusing to sell elephant treks that include riding.
Many of the elephants used in riding and other activities, such as painting or performing tricks, are caught as babies from the wild, their mothers often killed. Once captured, they typically undergo intensive conditioning known as “crushing the spirit”, where they are kept in tiny pens and beaten and starved, sometimes for weeks. Once trained, many of the animals eventually die from exhaustion. Campaigners and charities hope to continue to educate the industry in Vietnam and around the world, and show how profitable ethical elephant experiences, with retired and rescued animals, can be, instead.
12. What is true for most working elephants in Vietnam?
A. They are allowed to roam freely.
B. They are chained up and cruelly treated.
C. They outnumber those found in the wild.
D. They are kept with their mothers during training.
13. What is the goal of Animal Protection Asia?
A. It seeks to raise money for national parks’ operation.
B. It wants to organize more sightseeing tours in Vietnam.
C. It hopes to set a new model for elephant tourism companies.
D. It expects to eventually free all the working elephants in Asia.
14. Which of the following best explains “adverse” underlined in paragraph 5?
A. Practical. B. Unexpected.
C. Financial. D. Negative.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Say no to elephant riding
B. A new profitable model
C. Vietnam takes the lead
D. Negative effects of elephant tourism
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章就越南一公园终止了骑大象这种在全球日益受到谴责的活动为引入，说明了该公园与亚洲动物保护协会合作，致力于推动越南动物福利和旅游业的长期变化。在未来的五年里，人们希望这种新模式能像骑马一样为车主带来更多的收入，并鼓励管象人和大象旅游公司效仿。这个项目彻底改变了公园里大象的生活，也为游客提供了更好的体验。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。第二段第一句The formally captive group of four elephants were released from their chains earlier this month and no longer carry tourists on rides through the park.可知越南的这群被锁起来的大象被正式释放，不再被迫带游客在公园里游玩。可知越南大多数工作大象被锁起来，受到残酷的对待。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。第三段最后一句Over the next five years, it is hoped that the new model will provide as much or even more revenue for owners as riding, and encourage mahouts and elephant tourism companies to follow.可知亚洲动物保护的目标是希望设立一种新模式，能像骑马一样为车主带来更多的收入，并鼓励管象人和大象旅游公司效仿。故选C。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文with a growing number of tourists avoiding cruel attractions and supporting welfare centres and animal protection instead, alongside an increasing number of tour operators refusing to sell elephant treks that include riding. 随着越来越多的游客避开残酷的景点，转而支持福利中心和动物保护，越来越多的旅行社拒绝销售包括骑马在内的大象徒步旅行。可推测得知近年来，人们越来越意识到骑大象的负面影响。故划线部分单词意思为“负面的；消极的”故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一句Amid growing global condemnation of elephant riding as a tourist activity全球越来越多的人谴责骑大象是一种旅游活动，且结合文章主要内容为提倡人们拒绝骑大象活动。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Earworm
Most people have had songs stuck in their heads at some point. The scientific name for this is involuntary musical imagery (INMI), which simply means that people do not choose to keep the songs in their heads, but that it happens unconsciously. Experts have nicknamed this condition “earworm,” even though it is not an actual worm, and it does not take place in the ear. ___16___ It occurs when a catchy tune “sticks” in a person’s mind. What makes a song stick depends on the individual. Some people get stuck on their favorite songs, while others end up fixated on songs they find annoying.
___17___ It can be brought on after recently hearing a song, or it can be triggered by a memory. Although earworm can happen to anyone at any time, certain people are more likely than others to suffer from it. Most commonly, musicians experience it, but people who simply listen to music more frequently than others are also more prone to earworm.
No evidence has proven one effective cure but anything that disturbs the brain can help. ___18___ For example, actively chewing gum might switch the brain’s focus from the repeating song to the moving jaw. Engaging in a task that requires concentration can remove the pesky earworm as well. However, if the task requires too much effort, it can actually prolong the earworm. ___19___
While earworm can be very annoying, there is no evidence that suggests it is actually harmful. ___20___ After all, these songs repeat automatically with no effort. What if science could apply this information to learning? What if everyone could learn new things without having to try so hard? If scientists can figure out how to tap into this type of memory, learning might look different in the future.
A. We have a tendency to move to earworms.
B. Rather, it takes place in the memory centers of the brain.
C. One possibility to help shift the brain is to occupy it with a new activity.
D. Nobody knows exactly why a particular song gets caught in a person’s brain.
E. This is because the mind tends to wander to escape the difficulty of the job at hand.
F. Psychologists have long been looking for ways to turn off those unwelcome thoughts.
G. In fact, some experts are studying earworm to see what they can learn about memory centers.
【答案】16. B 17. D
18. C 19. E
20. G
【解析】
本文属于说明文，介绍歌曲或其它音乐作品的某个片断不由自主地反复在某人脑子里出现的情况叫做耳朵虫，以及介绍了耳朵虫的产生及部分有效预防措施。
【16题详解】
根据下文It occurs when a catchy tune “sticks” in a person’s mind. 当一个朗朗上口的曲调“粘”在一个人的脑海中时，它就会发生。可知耳朵虫是发生在大脑思维的记忆中心的。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据下文It can be brought on after recently hearing a song, or it can be triggered by a memory. 它可以是在最近听到一首歌之后产生的，也可以是由记忆触发的。可知耳朵虫发生的情况并不确定，没有人确切地知道为什么一首歌会进入一个人的大脑。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据下文For example, actively chewing gum might switch the brain’s focus from the repeating song to the moving jaw. 例如，嚼口香糖可能会把大脑的注意力从重复的歌曲转移到活动的下颌。可知应对这种情况的办法是转移注意力，用一种新的活动占据大脑。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文However, if the task requires too much effort, it can actually prolong the earworm. 然而，如果这项任务需要太多的努力，它实际上会延长耳朵虫情况。可推测下文对此作出解释：这是因为大脑往往会走神以逃避手头工作的困难。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文While earworm can be very annoying, there is no evidence that suggests it is actually harmful. 虽然耳朵虫很烦人，但没有证据表明它实际上是有害的。可推测下文一些专家正在研究耳朵虫，看看他们能从记忆中心中学到什么。故选G。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I’m sitting in a quiet hotel room. It’s just past noon, late July, and I’m listening to the ___21___ sounds of a life-or-death struggle going on a few feet away. There’s a small fly burning out the ___22___ of its short life’s energies in a fruitless attempt to ___23___ through the glass window. The beating wings tell the moving story of the fly’s ___24___: Try harder.
But it’s not ___25___.
The crazy effort offers no hope for ___26___. Ironically, the struggle is part of the ___27___. It is ___28___ for the fly to try hard enough to succeed in breaking through the glass. This fly is doomed. It will die there on the windowsill. Across the room, ten steps away, the door is ___29___. Ten seconds of flying time and this small creature could ___30___ the outside world it seeks. With only a fraction of the effort now being ___31___, it could be free of this self-created trap. Why doesn’t the fly try another approach, something dramatically ___32___? How did it get so ___33___ in the idea that this particular route offers the most promise for success? What logic is there in continuing to seek a/an ___34___ by repeating the same failed action?
There is no doubt that the approach of “keep trying hard” makes sense to the fly. Regrettably, it’s the same idea that will eventually ___35___ the fly. Trying harder isn’t ___36___ the solution to achieving more. It may not offer any real ___37___ for getting what you want out of life. Sometimes, trying harder is the problem. If you ___38___ your hopes for a breakthrough on trying harder than ever, you may ___39___ your chances for success. You should try harder by trying ___40___.
21. A. sweet B. desperate C. mysterious D. curious
22. A. last B. first C. best D. Worst
23. A. put B. run C. see D. fly
24. A. performance B. strategy C. contribution D. dream
25. A. working B. improving C. moving D. living
26. A. pleasure B. return C. peace D. escape
27. A. prize B. design C. trap D. success
28. A. irresponsible B. impossible C. reasonable D. practical
29. A. bright B. broken C. open D. wide
30. A. reach B. see C. own D. leave
31. A. done B. tried C. sought D. wasted
32. A. dangerous B. demanding C. different D. powerful
33. A. concerned B. worried C. frustrated D. locked
34. A. breakthrough B. explanation C. improvement D. guarantee
35. A. interrupt B. kill C. encourage D. Persuade
36. A. completely B. importantly C. necessarily D. appropriately
37. A. experience B. promise C. position D. challenge
38. A. follow B. shift C. get D. risk
39. A. miss B. increase C. abandon D. substitute
40. A. simpler B. sooner C. smarter D. braver
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. C
【解析】
本文属于说明文阅读。这篇文章主要讲述了作者见到一只苍蝇为了逃脱不断地撞击玻璃直至死亡，然而事实上在房间的对面，几步路远的地方，门是开着的；由此引发了作者的思考，告诫我们不要一味地努力，要找对正确的方法。
【21题详解】
考查形容词。A. sweet甜蜜的；B. desperate绝望的；C. mysterious神秘的；D. curious好奇的。句意：刚刚过了七月下旬的中午，我听到了几英尺外生死搏斗的绝望声音。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词。A. last最后的；B. first首先的；C. best最好的；D. worst最坏的。句意：有一只小苍蝇耗尽了它短暂生命中最后的能量。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词。A. put放；B. run跑步；C. see看见；D. fly飞。根据上文可知苍蝇试图飞出玻璃窗。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词。A. performance表现；B. strategy战略；C. contribution贡献；D. dream梦想。句意：拍打的翅膀讲述了苍蝇策略的动人故事:更加努力。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词。A. working工作；起作用；B. improving促进；C. moving移动；D. living居住。根据上文可知苍蝇没有成功，因此努力也不起作用。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词。A. pleasure快乐；B. return返回；C. peace和平；D. escape逃跑。句意：这种疯狂的努力没有任何逃跑的希望。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词。A. prize奖品；B. design设计；C. trap陷阱；D. success成功。句意：具有讽刺意味的是，斗争是陷阱的一部分。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查形容词。A. irresponsible不负责的；B. impossible不可能的；C. reasonable合理的；D. practical实际的。句意：苍蝇不可能足够努力去打破玻璃。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词。A. bright明亮的；B. broken破碎的；C. open打开的；D. wide广泛的。十步之外门是打开的。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词。A. reach到达；B. see看见；C. own拥有；D. leave离开。苍蝇只需要飞行十秒钟就可以到达它所追寻的外面的世界。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词。A. done做；B. tried尝试；C. sought寻找；D. wasted浪费；耗费。句意：现在只耗费一小部分努力，它就可以摆脱这个自我创造的陷阱。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。A. dangerous危险的；B. demanding苛求的；C. different不同的；D. powerful强大的。句意：为什么苍蝇不尝试另一种方法，一种截然不同的方法呢?故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词。A. concerned关心的；B. worried担心的；C. frustrated沮丧的；D. locked上锁的。句意：它是如何如此执着地认为这条特定的路线最有可能成功的呢?lock in“执着”，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词。A. breakthrough突破；B. explanation解释；C. improvement改进；D. guarantee保证。句意: 重复同样的失败行动，继续寻求突破，这有什么逻辑可言?故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词。A. interrupt打断；B. kill杀死；C. encourage鼓励；D. persuade劝说。句意：遗憾的是，它也是最终杀死苍蝇的同一种想法。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查副词。A. completely完全地；B. importantly重要地；C. necessarily必定地；D. appropriately适当地。句意：更努力的尝试并不是获得更多的解决方案必定方式。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查名词。A. experience经历；B. promise承诺；C. position位置；D. challenge挑战。句意：它可能不会提供任何真正的承诺，让你得到你想要的生活。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查动词。A. follow跟随；B. shift转移；C. get得到；D. risk冒险。句意：如果你冒着突破的希望，比以往任何时候都更加努力。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查动词。A. miss错过；B. increase增加；C. abandon抛弃；D. substitute代替。句意：你可能会错过成功的机会。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。A. simpler更简单的；B. sooner更快的；C. smarter更聪明的；D. braver更勇敢的。句意：你应该用更加聪明的方式更加努力尝试。故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。
How many hours did you spend reading last week? This question ___41___ (arrive) in thousands of American homes every other year since 1992 as part of the University of Michigan’s Health and Retirement Study. In 2016, researchers found that people who identified themselves as regular book readers were 23 per cent ___42___ (little) likely to die between 2001 and 2012 than ___43___ who read only newspapers or magazines.
You may already be familiar with recent ___44___ (find) that suggest children who read books with their parents several times a week score higher ___45___ intelligent tests than nonreaders. But recent research argues that reading may be just as important in adulthood. When ___46___ (practise) over a lifetime, reading and language-acquisition skills can support ___47___ (health) brain functions in big ways.
What is it about reading books that boosts our brain power whereas reading newspapers doesn’t?
For one, reading a book (of any genre) forces your brain to think ___48___ (critical) and make connections from one chapter to another, and to the outside world, ___49___ may provide a greater defense against the worst effects or cognitive decay. Secondly, reading books, especially fiction, has been shown to increase empathy and emotional intelligence, both of which are proven ___50___ (help) you live longer.
【答案】41. has arrived
42. less 43. those
44. findings
45. on / in
46. practised
47. healthy / healthier
48. critically
49. which 50. to help
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。2016年，研究人员发现，与只阅读报纸或杂志的人相比，自认为是经常读书的人在2001年至2012年间的死亡率要低23%。文章就阅读对人产生的影响展开说明。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：自1992年以来，作为密歇根大学健康与退休研究的一部分，这个问题每隔一年就会出现在成千上万的美国家庭中。根据下文since 1992可知本句应用现在完成时，主语为单数，故填has arrived。
【42题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：2016年，研究人员发现，与只阅读报纸或杂志的人相比，自认为是经常读书的人在2001年至2012年间的死亡率要低23%。根据下文than可知应填形容词比较级less。
【43题详解】
考查代词。此处指代上文book readers，且为复数形式，故填指示代词those。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：你可能已经熟悉最近的研究发现，表明每周和父母一起读几次书的孩子比不读书的孩子在智力测试中得分更高。recent为形容词修饰名词，且根据下文suggest为原形，可知应用复数形式，故填findings。
【45题详解】
考查介词。表示“在智力测试中”应用介词in或on。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故practise只能做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语构成被动关系故用过去分词，故填practised。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。brain functions为名词词组，需要形容词修饰，故填healthy或比较级形式healthier。
【48题详解】
考查副词。think为动词，需要副词修饰，故填critically。
【49题详解】
考查定语从句连接词。句意：首先，阅读任何类型的书都会迫使你的大脑进行批判性思考，并将章节与章节之间、与外部世界之间建立联系，这样可以更好地抵御最坏的影响或认知衰退。本句为非限定性定语从句，指代上个整个句子，故填which。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：其次，阅读书籍，尤其是小说，已经被证明可以增加同理心和情商，这两者都被证明可以帮助你活得更长。be proven to do“被证明是” 后跟不定式，故填to help。
第四部分 写作 ( 共两节，满分35分 )
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分 )
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As a father sat reading a magazine, his young daughter kept disturb him. To keep her busily, he tore out a page on that a map of the world was printed. He cut it into piece and asked her to put them together again by her own.
He was sure she will need the whole day to get it done. But a few minutes later the girl returned with a perfect map. When asked whether she did it so quickly, she said, “There’s a man’s face on other side. I just made the face perfect to get the map right.” She then ran out of to play, leaving the father surprising.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了一位父亲因为不想小女儿一直打扰看杂志，于是从印着世界地图的纸上撕下了一页让女儿去拼图。结果女儿用另一种令人吃惊的方式快速完成了拼图的故事。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：一位父亲坐在那里看杂志，他的小女儿不停地打扰他。keep doing sth.“持续做某事”后跟-ing形式，故disturb改为disturbing。
2.考查形容词。句意：为了让她忙个不停，他在那张印着世界地图的纸上撕下了一页。短语keep sb. busy“让某人忙个不停”，故busily改为busy。
3.考查定语从句连接词。本句为“介词+关系代词”形式的定语从句修饰先行词pages，指物，且做介词on的宾语，只能用which。故that改为which。
4.考查名词的数。piece为可数名词，此处“撕成碎片”应用复数形式，故piece改为pieces。
5.考查介词。短语on one’s own“独自”，故by改为on。
6.考查时态一致。句意：He was sure she will need the whole day to get it done.根据上文主句He was sure为一般过去时，从句要与主句时态保持一致，故will改为would，为过去将来时。
7.考查连接词。句意：当被问及她是如何这么快做到的时候。此处缺少方式状语，故whether改为how。
8.考查冠词。此处表示特指“地图的另一面”，故other前添加冠词the。
9考查介词。句意：然后她跑出去玩耍了。run out of“用光；用尽”与句意不符，故去掉of。
10.考查形容词。father指人，应用-ed结尾的形容词修饰，故surprising改为surprised。
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
52.你校昨天举行了年度校园“科技节” (Science & Technology Day)。请你写一篇日记，内容包括：
1. 科技节的主要内容；
2. 你所参加的活动及原因；
3. 你的感想。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】May 15th, Sunny
Dear Diary
Our school held the annual “Science & Technology Day” yesterday and I found it to be a hugely rewarding experience. Activities included technological knowledge quizzes, student research exhibitions and advanced technologies lectures. My classmates and I really enjoyed it all and deeply appreciated the efforts of the organizers.
I took part in the “create your own robot” competition, which was a great learning opportunity. The hand-on experience really helped me to better understand the theory behind robotics.
Thanks to the festival, I have a much clearer understanding of technology and its applications than before. It has motivated me to focus on science as a career, and hopefully make a meaningful contribution to our society.
I can’t wait for the next festival.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，要求写一篇日记；你校昨天举行了年度校园“科技节” (Science & Technology Day)。请你写一篇日记，内容包括：1. 科技节的主要内容；2. 你所参加的活动及原因；3. 你的感想。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：annual（年度的）；Science & Technology Day（科技节），rewarding（有益的），technological knowledge quizzes（科技知识竞赛）；advanced technologies lectures（先进科技讲座）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Our school held the annual “Science & Technology Day” yesterday and I found it to be a hugely rewarding experience. 运动了it做形式宾语；I took part in the “create your own robot” competition, which was a great learning opportunity.运动了非限定性定语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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