2019届江苏省七市（南通、泰州、扬州、徐州、淮安、宿迁、连云港）高三第二次调研考试英语试题（解析版）

2019届南通市高三第二次调研联考
英语试卷
注意事项
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求
考试时间120分钟。考试结束后，只要将答题纸交回。
1.本试卷共14页，包含第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共120分。
2.答题前，请您务必将自己的姓名、学校、考试号用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔填写在答题纸上，并用2B铅笔把答题纸上考试号对应数字框涂黑，如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再正确涂写。
3.请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、考试证号与你本人的是否相符。
4.答题时，必须用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔写在答题纸上的指定位置，在其它位置作答一律无效。
第I卷 (三部分，共85分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分20分)
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What color is the sofa?
A. Brown. B. White. C. Blue.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
M: We need a new sofa. This one is starting to sink in the middle and it looks shabby.
W: Yes. White wasn’t a good choice of color. The next one should be darker. Brown or blue maybe.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
2.
What meal are the speakers about to eat?
A. Breakfast. B. Lunch C. Dinner.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
M: When will the pizza be ready? I haven’t eaten since this morning. What about you?
W: I skipped breakfast, but I had a pretty big lunch, so you can have most of the pizza.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
3.
How many players will play the game?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
M: Would you like to play a sports game? My friend and I will have Ping-pong game.
W: Sure, but I don’t have a partner. Is that OK?
M: No problem.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
4.
What will the man need to do during the holiday?
A. Write papers. B. Play basketball. C. Take a vacation.
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
M: What will you do for the holiday? I’ve got papers to write, so I probably will just focus on them.
W: How come you haven’t finished those yet? I’ve done mine.
M: I have been busy with basketball team practice.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
5.
What does the woman ask the boy to wash?
A. His hands. B. His plates. C. His clothes.
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
W: Thank you for changing, honey. But I think you forgot something. Go wash up before dinner and don’t forget to use the soap.
M: Oh, Mom!
W: Don’t worry. Your sister will have your plate ready when you get back.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

6. Who is the man most likely to be?
A. A tourist. B. A tour guide. C. A French chef.
7. How will the speakers travel around the city?
A. By bus. B. By train. C. By car.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
M: Good morning and welcome to New York City. I hope your flight was OK.
W: It was just a bit boring. Before we leave the airport, I’d love to know where our tour will go in this morning.
M: Of course. I’ll first take you around Central Park and Grand Central Station, and then we will go downtown where you will be served with lunch by a famous French chef!
W; Sounds amazing! But won’t the trains and buses be so crowded to go downtown?
M: Not a problem. We arranged a special car service for tourists to take us around so we won’t have to worry.
W: OK, let’s go. I’m so excited to see the city!
【6题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【7题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

8. What animal is the woman most likely looking at?
A. A cat. B. A dog. C. A rabbit.
9. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a pet store. B. In a pet clinic. C. In a zoo.
【答案】8. C 9. A
【解析】
W: Look at you! You are so cute! Hey, does this guy have a name?
M: Yes, that’s Hopper. We call him that because of how he likes to jump around and eat a lot of carrots.
W: He seems to be getting along with the other animals, too.
M: All of the animals you see here have been rescued, and in most cases they are separated from their mothers. They’re all like brothers and sisters.
W: I have a dog and a cat at home. Do you think it would be too stressful for him?
M: Not at all. As long as your animals are well trained, it shouldn’t be a problem. You should get a cage for him, though.
W: Is he healthy, or does he need to be taken to an animal doctor first?
M: He’s 100% healthy.
W: I’ll take him! Come here, Hopper!
【8题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【9题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

10. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Strangers. B. Schoolmates. C. Teacher and student.
11. How does Neil get to school on most days?
A. By walking with his friends.
B. By getting a ride from his mother.
C. By riding the school bus with his classmates.
12. What is the most difficult for Neil?
A. English. B. Science. C. Physical education.
【答案】10. B 11. A 12. B
【解析】
W: OK, Neil. I am a student journalist from senior grade. I know you just came to this new school a few months ago. Can I interview you for the school newspaper?
M: Ok. I’m ready.
W: Neil, how do you usually get to school in the morning?
M: I usually go to school with my friends. We live very close to school, so we don’t have to take the bus. But on Fridays, my mother drives me to school.
W: Good answer. What are your favorite subjects?
M: I really enjoy physical education class. I love to go outside, play games, and have fun. I like English, too, but some of the words are hard to read and the grammar is hard, too. Science is the most difficult for me.
W: That’s OK. You’re doing well. One last question: how do you feel about going to school in America?
M: I like it here. At first I was scared, but I like my friends and my teachers. I hope that one day I can speak English fluently.
W: Well, I believe you will. Keep up the good work, Neil.
【10题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【11题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【12题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A job they have to take. B. A project they have to do. C. A class they have to attend.
14. What does the woman think of CAPP?
A. It will be boring. B. It will be helpful. C. It will be difficult.
15. What is the woman’s best quality?
A. She is reliable. B. She is creative. C. She is hard-working.
16. Where will the man probably volunteer?
A. At a TV station. B. On a construction site. C. At a sporting goods store.
【答案】13. C 14. B 15. A 16. B
【解析】
W: Did you get your new schedule? Let me see, I want to know if we are in some of the same classes.
M: Sure. Hey, look! We’re both in CAPP together! I’m not sure what it is, but let’s sit together.
W: It is called Career and Personal Planning. Every grade 12 student has to take it.
M: Do you know what it’s all about?
W: It teaches us about the business world. You know, how to write resume and how to find a job. It also helps us discover our strengths, weaknesses, and interests.
M: Oh, I see. So since I am curious and like adventure, I might be a good reporter. What do you think is your best quality?
W: I’d say you can always count on me if you need something. And I always do what I say I’m going to do.
M: Great!
W: Ha-ha. We also have to volunteer at a job for one weekend. If you want, I can get you a job at my dad’s athletic store.
M: I’d rather work with someone I know. My brother is building his house right now, and he could use the help.
W: Anyway, it certainly won’t be dull. At least it teaches us life skills.
M: I agree. I’m still trying to figure out why algebra is so important.
【13题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【14题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【15题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【16题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

17. Where are the students told to eat during lunch?
A. In the gym. B. On the court. C. In the cafeteria.
18. When will the math exams be held this year?
A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday.
19. Who will give an introduction on Tuesday?
A. An athlete. B. A headmaster. C. The P.E. teacher.
20. Why are parents reminded to arrive early for the concert?
A. To find a place to park. B. To get a place to sit. C. To take pictures.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A
【解析】
W: Good morning, students. These are your morning announcements for Monday, December 10th.A reminder to all students that due to the construction of the new cafeteria, students are asked to eat in the gym. This means lunch-time sports will be moved to the outer courts until further notice. The last of our midterm tests will be held this week from the 12th to the 14th. However, there has been a slight change to the dates and the places of the exams. Last year, the English exams were on Wednesday, the math exams on Thursday, and the the history exams were held on Friday. This year the teachers have agreed, after listening to students’ suggestions, to switch the dates of the math and history exams. As for the places, please check the message board in the main hall, or ask your teachers for a schedule. Tomorrow, we will have a special guest coming to visit us just before our Christmas concert. As you know, one of our previous graduates won a gold medal in the last Olympics. He will be here to sign shirts and take pictures with students after an introduction by our P.E. teacher. Finally, the headmaster asks you to remind your parents to get here early for the concert. Although there will be enough seating in the gym, the parking lot gets full very quickly. That’s all for the announcements. Have a good week, everyone.
【17题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【18题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【19题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【20题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)
第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21.The engineer is thought to be capable and modest, so his promotion to manager is a popular _____.
A. achievement B. appointment C. commitment D. employment
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：这个工程师被认为是既谦逊又有能力的，因此他升职成为经理这件事是一个广泛认可的委任。A. achievement成就；B. appointment任命；C. commitment承诺；D. employment就业。故B选项正确。
22.---I cannot _____ what I have done to annoy Jessica.
---No worries. She is kind of sensitive.
A. turn out B. make out C. put out D. leave out
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：—我不能理解我究竟做了什么事惹了Jessica生气。—不要担心，她就是有点敏感。A. turn out结果是；B. make out理解；C. put out扑灭；D. leave out遗漏。故B选项正确。
23.The girl is so grateful whenever she remembers my brother and me ____ her from the icy water.
A. to have saved B. to save C. saving D. saved
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个女孩是有感恩之心的，无论何时她都记得我和我弟弟把她从冰水里救出的情形。固定短语：remember sb. doing sth记得某人做过某事。故C选项正确。
24.Have you read the book Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out by Mo Yan, _____ that won him the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature?
A. the one B. one C. those D. ones
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：你有读过那本让莫言赢得2012年诺贝尔文学奖的《生死疲劳》吗？此处是the book Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out的同位语，特指这本书，应用the one。故A选项正确。
25.We have already discussed this plan _____, so next we should spare no effort to carry it out.
A. at length B. at random C. at ease D. at best
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们已经详细的讨论了这个计划，所以下面我们会竭尽全力的把它完成。A. at length详细地，具体地；B. at random随便地，任意地；C. at ease自由自在地；D. at best最多。故A选项正确。
26.---Jenny is becoming slimmer and slimmer.
---- It is said that she hired a fitness instructor last year and _____ since.
A. is working out B. worked out C. has been working out D. had worked out
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：—Jenny变得越来越苗条了。—据说她去年雇了一个健身教练，到现在也一直在健身。根据句意可知，此处强调健身从过去到现在一直在进行，应使用现在完成进行时。故C选项正确。
27.The science competition is a good opportunity to show students _____ creativity can add new value to their school life.
A. where B. whether C. how D. when
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这个科技竞赛是一个很好的可以向学生展示创新是怎样能给校园生活增加新价值的机会。A. where在……的地方；B. whether是否；C. how如何；D. when当……的时候。根据句意，此处为方式状语从句，应使用how引导。故C选项正确。
28.I would not be seeing the film Green Book now _____ me up in time.
A. were Kathy not to pick B. had Kathy not picked
C. if Kathy hasn’t picked D. if Kathy did not pick
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是Kathy没有及时接我，我现在就不会在看《绿皮书》了。此处是描述的与过去事实相反的假设，从句应谓语动词使用过去完成时；当虚拟条件句中有had（助动词）/should/were时，可以省略if，将had（助动词）/should/were提前，构成倒装结构。故B选项正确。
【点睛】虚拟条件句往往指不能实现或纯假想的情况，可以对过去、现在或将来进行假想。
虚拟语气的本质就是对根本不可能的情况发生假设。我们可以记住这样一个原则，即把时态向过去推一格。
一、对现在情况的虚拟
条件从句中谓语动词用一般过去式，主句用“would/should/might/could+动词原形”形式，表示对现在不可能实现情况的假想。
If I were you, I would choose to work in a small town.如果我是你，我会选择在小城镇工作。（事实上我不是你）
If I had a map now, we could easily get out of the forest.如果现在有地图，我们能很容易地走出森林。（事实上是现在没有地图）
注意：在条件从句中，如果谓语动词是be的形式，不管主语是单数还是复数，书面语中用were,而口语中如果是单数，也可以用was,不过在if I were中一般用were。
二、对过去情况的虚拟
条件从句中谓语动词用过去完成式，主语用“would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词”形式。
If it had not been for your help yesterday, I could not have caught the bus.如果昨天没有你的帮助，我不会赶上公交车。（事实是你昨天已经帮助了我，所以我赶上了车)
三、对将来情况的虚拟
在表示与将来事实相反的条件从句中，谓语动词可用should do, were to do或动词的过去式三种形式表示，但意义略有不同。should表示的可能性最大，动词过去式的可能性次之，were to do 的可能性最小。
If things were to be twice，all would be wise.假如凡事都可以重新做一次，人人皆可成为聪明人。（事实是并不是所有的事都可以重新做一次)
29.Emphasis on quantity of growth overlooked gaps in the quality, _____ many aspects of the social services neglected.
A. having left B. to be leaving C. to have left D. leaving
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：强调数量的增长却忽视了质量间的差距，使得很多社会服务的方面被忽视了。此处的逻辑主语是前面主句描述的情况，存在逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词，表主动。故D选项正确。
30.Thanks to Chinese people’s hard work and wisdom, China has _____ into the second largest economy.
A. evolved B. slipped C. extended D. shaped
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：多亏了中国人民的勤劳奋斗和聪慧才智，中国发展成为了第二大经济体。A. evolved发展，进化；B. slipped溜走；C. extended扩展；D. shaped塑造。故A选项正确。
31.More competitive high-tech enterprises are investing in Nantong Central Innovation District, which will result in _____ economic growth.
A. sustainable B. adaptable C. recyclable D. changeable
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：更多有竞争力的高科技公司都正在投资南通中创区，带来了可持续的经济增长。A. sustainable可持续的；B. adaptable适应性强的；C. recyclable可回收利用的；D. changeable多变的。故A选项正确。
32.Why are some brands more popular than others ______ the products are of similar quality?
A. as though B. even if C. so that D. in case
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：为什么即使产品很相似，一些品牌却比其他的更流行呢？A. as though好像；B. even if 即使，虽然；C. so that因此；D. in case 以防，万一。故B选项正确。
33.The teacher often gives his students a brief pause in class ______ they can take in what he has taught.
A. why B. when C. who D. which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个老师经常在课堂上给学生一个短暂暂停的时间，在这段时间里学生们可以吸收他所讲的内容。前句的先行词是pause间歇，从句主谓宾成分齐全，缺少时间状语，应使用关系副词when引导。故B选项正确。
【点睛】当定语从句中的先行词是表示时间、地点以及原因的词时，引导词用关系代词还是关系副词是同学们很难判断的一个难点。
1.确定成分。首先我们要确定引导词在从句中所作的成分，如果引导词在从句中作状语，那么就用why， when或where，否则用that或which。说起来好像很简单，但是在实际做题的时候，往往会遇到分不出状语还是宾语的情况。
那么怎样才能很容易的判断出引导词在从句中所作的成分呢？教大家一个简单好用的方法 “补全法”，就是根据句子的意思把从句补充完整。补上去的部分在从句中所作的成分就是引导词在从句中所作的成分。举几个例子，大家体会一下：
Do you still remember the factory ________ we visited last month？
我们把从句补充完整为we visited the factory last month.同学们看这个句子，factory在句子中作动词visited宾语，所以引导词在从句中作宾语，因此需要填如关系代词that/which。
Shanghai is the place ________ he was born.
把从句补充完整就是：he was born in Shanghai(the place)，这个句子里的the place作地点状语，所以可以判断出引导词在从句中作状语，因此填关系副词where。
解题技巧：遇到时间和地点，判断成分是关键。主语、宾语用关系代词，状语才能用关系副词。
2、忽略插入语。有的时候，出题人为加大试题难度，会在从句中设置干扰信息，如设置插入语来迷惑我们。此时的我们一定要保持警惕，解题的时候，我们可以将它忽略掉，从而排除干扰信息。举个例子：
—Is that the small town you often refer to？
—Right，just the one ________ you know I used to work for years.
这道题很容易受到you know的影响而误填关系代词。其实you know是插入语，解题的时候我们可以把它忽略，把句子简化为just the one ________ I used to work for years，这样同学们就很容易判断出引导词在从句中作地点状语，所以空白处应填关系副词where。
3、模糊化情况。近几年的试题有一个特点表示时间、地点的先行词有些已经不是一个明显的表示时间、地点的词语。如：activity，business，point，case等。同学们在解题时考一定要弄清这些词汇在句中的意义，找准在从句中所作的成分再选用恰当的引导词。
大家特别要注意：point，situation，case后面的定语从句的引导词并不总是由where来引导，只有当引导词在从句中作状语时，才用关系副词where，否则用关系代词。例如：
It’s helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently.
解析：先行词situation在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。
34.---Professor Li is wanted on the phone. Where is he?
--- I saw him coming, but in a minute, he _____.
A. will disappear B. has disappeared C. disappears D. disappeared
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：—电话里的人在找李教授，他现在在哪呢？—我刚刚看见他走来了，但他马上就消失了。saw对应过去时，消失也是刚刚一个瞬间的事情，应使用一般过去时。故D选项正确。
35.---How was your evening?
---We went to Joe’s and had ____. We really enjoyed ourselves.
A. a white elephant B. a square meal C. a sacred cow D. the salt of the earth
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查俗语谚语。句意：—你怎么度过你的傍晚的？—我们去了Joe餐馆并享用了一顿美食，我们玩的很开心。A. a white elephant华而不实之物；B. a square meal一顿美食；C. a sacred cow神圣之物；D. the salt of the earth社会中坚。故B选项正确。
第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I did my first marathon at 25. I’d ___36___ running to get fit and thought I’d give it a go. I started too fast, found it very painful but ___37___ to finish.
Then, seven years ago, I went to a talk by someone who had just done the Sahara desert race. I felt so ___38___. I’ve always wanted to do something ___39___. I registered for the 2007 Sahara marathon. My ___40___ was shocking and I was two stone(12.7kg) overweight, but ___41___ I’d paid the ￡3,000 deposit, I knew there was no going back.
On my first five-mile run, I kept pretending my shoelaces(鞋带) needed tying just so I could ___42___. But I kept ___43___ until I was doing 30, then 40 miles. People assumed I found it easy by then----I didn’t. I just learned to push throught the ___44___.
But nothing can truly prepare you for running in desert temperatures. As the ___45___ always looked the same, the distance never seemed to get any shorter. ___46___, I was never bored----I was too focused on reaching the checkpoints, and the water waiting there. Blisters(水泡) were unavoidable --- the ___47___ gets everywhere. At night, the doctors treating us would ___48___ them off with knives.
In the following days, my feet would be hurting. I kept telling myself I couldn’t ___49___. If I quit, the pain would stop, but I knew I would ___50___ it for the rest of my life. Finally, I finished. Any suffering you experience is overridden(压倒) by the sense of ___51___ at the end.
It’s been a long progression, from being a(n) ___52___ slacker(懒虫) to ___53___ I am now. I’ve lost 10lb(4.5kg) of body fat, but gained a lot of ___54___----I have a better body now than at any point in my life. Anyone can do this. I’m not superhuman, I’m just ___55___.
36. A. ended up B. taken up C. given up D. backed up
37. A. hated B. refused C. struggled D. offered
38. A. inspired B. bored C. panicked D. confused
39. A. strange B. ordinary C. secret D. extreme
40. A. fitness B. height C. strength D. wisdom
41. A. until B. once C. unless D. while
42. A. wait B. stop C. complain D. drink
43. A. dropping off B. tripping over C. building up D. slowing down
44. A. tension B. shame C. fear D. pain
45. A. surroundings B. volunteers C. sandstorms D. athletes
46. A. Therefore B. However C. Moreover D. Otherwise
47. A. sand B. water C. grass D. rubbish
48. A. tear B. strike C. knock D. slice
49. A. fail B. run C. bear D. cry
50. A. treasure B. regret C. forget D. appreciate
51. A. belonging B. failure C. equality D. achievement
52. A. proud B. brave C. unfit D. unfriendly
53. A. which B. when C. where D. why
54. A. time B. muscle C. reputation D. support
55. A. learned B. considerate C. determined D. fortunate
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. A 41. B 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. A 48. D 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. C 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文为记叙文。作者讲述了自己参加2007年撒哈拉沙漠马拉松比赛的过程，虽然异常地艰难和痛苦，但是作者还是凭借自己坚定的毅力完成了比赛。
【36题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. ended up结束；B. taken up开始从事；C. given up放弃；D. backed up支持。根据下文give it a go (试一下)可知，作者开始跑步是为了健身。故B选项正确。
【37题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. hated讨厌；B. refused拒绝；C. struggled努力；D. offered提出。句意：我开始得太快了，觉得很痛苦，但是努力完成了。故C选项正确。
【38题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. inspired受到启发的；B. bored无聊的；C. panicked恐慌的；D. confused疑惑的。通过下文得知，作者去跑了马拉松，有了切身感悟，可知是受到启发的。故A选项正确。
【39题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. strange奇怪的；B. ordinary普通的；C. secret秘密的；D. extreme极度的，极端的。根据常识可知，在沙漠当中跑马拉松是一种极限的运动，因此作者一直是想做一些极端的事情。故D选项正确。
【40题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. fitness健康；B. height高度；C. strength力量；D. wisdom智慧。下文shocking指的是不好的，所以这里说的是作者的当时的健康状况不好。故A选项正确。
【41题详解】
考查连词辨析。A. until直到；B. once一旦；C. unless除非；D. while然而。虽然作者当时的身体状况不好，但是一旦他付了3000镑押金，就没有回头的机会了。故B选项正确。
【42题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. wait等；B. stop停止；C. complain抱怨；D. drink喝。前五公里，作者不断地假装需要系鞋带，只是为了能停一下。故B选项正确。
【43题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. dropping off落下；B. tripping over绊倒；C. building up增强；D. slowing down变慢。根据下文People assumed I found it easy by then----I didn’t.可知，作者一直在增强自己，坚持跑到30英里，然后是40英里。根据I was doing 30, then 40 miles.可知作者在不断增强。故C选项正确。
【44题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. tension紧张；B. shame羞愧；C. fear恐惧；D. pain痛苦。上文提过，作者在跑步过程中还是很痛苦的，他只是学会了忍受痛苦。故D选项正确。
【45题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. surroundings周围的环境；B. volunteers志愿者；C. sandstorms沙尘暴；D. athletes运动员。根据下文looked the same, the distance never seemed to get any shorter.可知，因为在沙漠中周围的环境看起来是一样的，所以距离似乎从来没有缩短过。故A选项正确。
【46题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. Therefore所以；B. However然而；C. Moreover此外；D. Otherwise否则。根据上文指出环境都相同并且看起来距离没有减少，下文说作者感到不无聊，所以这里应该填一个转折关系的词。故B选项正确。
【47题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. sand沙子；B. water水；C. grass草；D. rubbish垃圾。根据本文背景，作者是在沙漠里跑步，所以应该是到处都是沙子。故A选项正确。
【48题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. tear off撕掉；B. strike off删去；C. knock off减少；D. slice off切掉。要把水泡弄掉或者是弄破，因此这里符合句意的只有slice off.故D选项正确。
【49题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. fail失败；B. run跑；C. bear忍受；D. cry哭。根据下文讲的多是作者如果退出了之后对自己产生的不好的影响，所以这里说明他一直告诉自己不能失败。故A选项正确。
【50题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. treasure珍惜；B. regret后悔；C. forget忘记；D. appreciate感激。句意：如果我放弃了，痛苦就会停止，但我知道我会后悔一辈子。故B选项正确。
【51题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. belonging所有物；B. failure失败；C. equality平等；D. achievement成就。句意：你所经历的任何痛苦最终都会被成就感所覆盖。故D选项正确。
【52题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. proud骄傲的；B. brave勇敢的；C. unfit不健康的；D. unfriendly不友好的。后面提到自己是懒虫，还有前文说作者健康状况不好，因此这里指一个不健康的懒虫。故C选项正确。
【53题详解】
考查连词辨析。A. which哪个；B. when当……的时候；C. where在……地方；D. why为什么。此处缺少的是状语，这里用where表示一个抽象的地点，到达了我今天的位置。故C选项正确。
【54题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. time时间；B. muscle肌肉；C. reputation声誉；D. support支持。这里前一句讲的是作者消耗了很多脂肪，但是获得了肌肉。故B选项正确。
【55题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. learned博学的；B. considerate体贴的；C. determined坚决的，坚定的；D. fortunate幸运的。从上文可知，作者是一个很有毅力的人，即使身体状况不好，还要坚持跑完全程，因此作者认为自己不是超人，只是意志坚定而已。故C选项正确。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第4小题要求判断出作者一直想做什么样的事情。常识可知，在沙漠当中跑马拉松是一种极限的运动，及下文I registered for the 2007 Sahara marathon.（我报名参加了2007年撒哈拉马拉松）可知，作者一直是想做一些极端的事情。A. strange奇怪的；B. ordinary普通的；C. secret秘密的；D. extreme极端的。故D选项正确。
第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
London Zoo
Set in the heart of Regents Park, London Zoo provides a great day out with a family friendly atmosphere. It has been entertaining visitors of all ages with a collection of over 80,000 animals as well as some fantastic shows and interactive experiences for over 150 years.

From the classic penguin feeding time to the insightful talks held in an authentic living rainforest there really is something for everyone to enjoy. There are fun and games in the kid’s zone including a range of special exhibits designed to be as informative as they are exciting. Children are free to explore a treetop village, a secret underground world and the “Touch Zone” which provides a safe environment for them to interact with all of their favourite creatures.
There is so much to do at London Zoo you may struggle to fit it all into one day! Your ticket includes priority entry access at no extra cost giving you more time to see one of the city’s premier attractions.
Important Information
＊ Disabled Access: Wheelchair access is available throughout the park; however, as the Zoo contains a lot of listed buildings some have minor restrictions.
＊ Parking space subject to(取决于) availability. Only valid in conjunction with a paid for Zoo entry ticket.
＊ Last admission is one hour before closing time.
＊ Some animal exhibits may close up to 30 minutes before closing time.


56. According to the advertisement, London Zoo _____.
A. provides an ideal place for families to hold talks in an rainforest.
B. combines entertainment and interactive experiences with creatures.
C. offers unlimited access to premier attractions with a little more charge.
D. caters to the curiosity of children with guided exploration and interactions.
57. It can be learned from the passage that _____.
A. visitors will be admitted to the zoo at their convenience.
B. drivers shall get a parking space with a paid entry ticket.
C. late comers may miss some of the animal exhibits.
D. wheelchair users can have access to any building.
【答案】56. B 57. C
【解析】
本文为一则广告。这是一则关于伦敦动物园的广告，介绍了其特色和一些重要信息。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据London Zoo的第二段中的There are fun and games in the kid’s zone including a range of special exhibits… Children are free to explore…which provides a safe environment for them to interact with all of their favorite creatures.可知，这里分别对应着可以找到娱乐和可以生物互动的项目，因此答案选择B；D项也出现的了类似的内容，但是这里没有出现guided，因此错误。故B选项正确。
【57题详解】
推理判断题。根据Important Information部分的some animal exhibits may close up to 30mins before closing time.可推知，后面进来的人就看不到一些动物展览了。故C选项正确。
B
We all have defining moments in our lives ---- meaningful experiences that stand out in our memory. Many of them owe a great deal to chance: a lucky encounter(相遇) with someone who becomes the love of your life. A new teacher who spots a talent you didn’t know you had. These moments seem to be the product of fate or luck. We can’t control them.
But is that true? No necessarily. Defining moments shape our lives, but we don’t have to wait for them to happen. We can be the authors of them. It is possible to create defining moments if we understand more about them. Our research shows that they all share a set of common elements. We start by asking: why do we remember certain experiences and forget others? In the case of big days, such as weddings, the answer is pretty clear----it’s a celebration that is grand in scale and rich in emotion. No surprise that it’s more memorable than a maths lesson. But for other experiences in life ----from holidays to work projects----it’s not so clear why we remember what we do.
Consider an experiment in which participants were asked to submerge(浸入) their hands for 60 seconds in buckets filled with 14℃ water. (Remember 14℃ water feels much colder than 14℃ air.) They were then asked to submerge their hands for 90 seconds instead of 60, but during the final 30 seconds, the water warmed up to 15℃. The participants were then given a choice: would you rather repeat the first trial or the second?
Psychologists have explained the reasons for this puzzling result. When people assess an experience, they tend to forget or ignore its length. Instead, they seem to rate the experience based on two key moments: the best or worst moment, known as the peak, and the ending.
In the participants’ memories, what stood out for them was that the longer trial ended more comfortably than the shorter one. So when we assess our experiences, we don’t average our minute-by-minute feelings. Rather, we tend to remember flagship moments: the peaks, the pits(低谷) and the transitions. What we don’t remember are the bits in between----sometimes there is little to distinguish one week from the next.
Partly this is because there may be only a dozen moments in your life that show who you are----those are big defining moments. But there are smaller experiences, too, in the context of a memorable holiday, romantic date or work achievement. Once we understand how we remember certain moments and why, we can start to create more moments that matter.
58. How does the author understand defining moments?
A. We can create defining moments in our lives.
B. Defining moments are just out of our control.
C. No similarities exist between defining moments.
D. Defining moments consist of smaller experiences.
59. We can learn from the experiment that _____.
A. the striking moments are more likely to be remembered.
B. the length of an experience determines our memory of it
C. it is meaningful to distinguish the bits in between flagship moments.
D. all the components of an experience should be equally remembered
60. What would probably be discussed in the following part of the text?
A. What to prepare for life’s trials.
B. Why to create defining moments.
C. Whom to owe our good fates to.
D. How to create life’s big moments.
【答案】58. A 59. A 60. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文为议论文。我们每个人的生活中都有决定性的时刻——有意义的经历会在我们的记忆中脱颖而出，这些时刻似乎是命运或运气的产物，我们无法控制他们。但是一旦我们理解了我们是如何记住某些特定的时刻以及为什么，我们就可以开始创造更多重要的时刻。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干defining moments定位到第二段，可以看到第一行里有连接词but，可知转折后的为重点，we can be the authors of them（我们可以成为它们的作者）可知，我们可以在生活中创造决定性的时刻。故A选项正确
【59题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的Instead they seem to rate the experience based on two key moments: the best or worst moment, known as the peak, and the ending.（相反，他们似乎是根据两个关键时刻来评价这段经历的:最好或最差的时刻，也就是所谓的巅峰时刻，以及结束时刻）可知，那些引人注目的时刻更容易被记住。同义替换将peak替换为striking。故A选项正确。
【60题详解】
推理判断题。根据原文的最后一段中的Once we understand how we remember certain moments and why, we can start to create more moments that matter.（一旦我们理解了我们是如何记住某些特定的时刻以及为什么，我们就可以开始创造更多重要的时刻）可知，接下来就应该要说怎么做了，即how to create moments。故D选项正确。
【点睛】细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。
以本文第1小题为例，本题运用定位法：我们根据题干How does the author understand defining moments?中的defining moments定位到第二段，可以看到第一行里有连接词but，可知转折后的为重点，we can be the authors of them（我们可以成为它们的作者）可知，我们可以在生活中创造决定性的时刻。故A选项正确
C

Australian magpies can understand what other birds are saying to each other, a new study has found.
The research, published in the journal Animal Behavior, says the magpie has learned the meanings of different noisy miner calls and essentially eavesdrops(偷听) to find out which predators(食肉动物) are near.
Noisy miners----a small, native honeyeater----have different warning calls for ground-based and aerial(飞行的)predators. By playing both kinds of recording to a series of wild magpies, researchers observed the magpies raising their beaks(喙) to the sky, or dropping their heads to the ground.
Researchers attracted the magpies with cheese, then played the noisy miner calls, videotaping the results.
As a control, they also rolled a large orange ball towards the magpies to see how they ordinarily tilted(倾斜) their beaks to ground threats, and threw the ball to see how they reacted to aerial threats.
The researchers recorded an average maximum beak angle of 29 degrees for the thrown ball, and an average maximum of nine degrees when it was rolled.
The miners’ aerial warning caused an average maximum beak angle of 31 degrees, and the ground warning caused an average maximum of 24.
One of the study’s authors, Dominique Potvin, said the magpies showed an astonishing level of insight.
Magpies and miners broadly face the same types of predators and the two frequently live in the same ecosystem.
Potvin said this had encouraged the magpies’ learned behavior.
“Magpies are generally found on the ground and noisy miners are generally found up in trees. It pays for the magpie to pay attention to somebody who has a better view of predators than they do.”
She said it was unclear whether other birds could do the same, but it was highly likely other magpies around Australia already did.
“Magpies are a pretty smart group. We’re not sure if they’re learning this from other magpies or if they’re figuring it out on their own, but the ability is there.
As part of the experiment, researchers also played a third call: a common, non-warning call from a crimson rosella. They found the magpies did not respond.
Potvin said that we had been actively exploring animal cognition(认知) research. “It’s a good piece of the puzzle,” Potvin said. “Looking at the social relationships between species that live in communities.”
61. What have the researchers found about Australian magpies?
A. They can understand other bird calls.
B. They can communicate with noisy miners.
C. They have a special preference for cheeses.
D. They have the ability to warn the predators.
62. How did the researchers get their findings?
A. By calculating the beak angles of aerial and ground predators.
B. By comparing the magpie and the miner responses to threats.
C. By monitoring the magpie responses to the miner warning calls.
D. By recording the magpie louder scream for other birds’ attention.
63. The magpies’ cognition can help them _____.
A. have a better view of the predators than the miners
B. better protect themselves from the potential threats
C. cooperate with other birds to drive away the predators
D. live in harmony with other birds in the same ecosystem
64. We can learn from the passage that _____.
A. the magpies are smart learners of other birds’ behaviour
B. it’s likely that other birds have developed the same ability
C. the findings have clarified the relationships between species
D. a lot more remains to be explored about animal cognition
【答案】61. A 62. C 63. B 64. D
【解析】
本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了关于喜鹊的最新研究发现，包括实验内容和实验的发现。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干定位到第二段中的says the magpie has learned the meanings of different noisy miner calls and…可知，喜鹊已经理解了其他鸟类的叫声。故A选项正确。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干和题目的顺序原则，很容易的定位到第四、五、六、七段，研究人员通过定量研究，先研究喜鹊平时的喙是怎么倾斜的，再与掘穴鸟有叫声时候的反应进行监控、对比，获得了发现结果。故C选项正确。
【63题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第五段，因为喜鹊的视线更好，所以一般喜鹊会在地上，掘穴鸟躲树上，掘穴鸟在树上可以帮助喜鹊提防他们的捕食者，使得喜鹊可以更好地保护自己。predator 与threat同义替换，这个对考生的词汇量还是要求非常高的。故B选项正确。
【64题详解】
细节理解题。A选项说喜鹊在理解其他鸟类的行为上比其他鸟类更聪明，未提及，排除；B说其他鸟类可能也进化出了同样的能力，文章倒数第四段说还不清楚其他鸟类怎么样，排除；C说研究已经完全搞明白了物种间的关系，可是文章最后说的是我们正在积极探索，可知还没有完全弄明白，排除。根据最后一段的Potvin said that we had been actively exploring animal cognition(认知) research.可知关于动物认知，还有很多有待探索。故D选项正确。
D
UN scholars have calculated that within the next 10 years the degradation(退化) of farm and grassland could turn 50 million people into migrants. Another UN agency calculated that in the last 25 years, another 3% of the planet’s forests had been burned or cut down.
Once you have read Gaia Vince’s book, you start to register the scale of change in a fast---changing world. Adventures in the Anthropocene holds a mirror up to humanity and says: look what you have done to the world, they only world you will ever have.
The Anthropocene----the Age of Man----is a proposed new name for the quaternary (第四纪) period that we now live in, and it includes what has come to be called the Great Acceleration, in which during the last 65 years, whatever humans did, they did it faster and more effectively, and on a greater scale, while at the same time reproducing more and dying much less.
Did it take 50,000 years to reach a population of one billion? Just in the last 10 years, another billion people appeared on the planet, and by the end of this century, it could be home to 9, or 10, or 11 billion souls, each of which will hope for the minimum to sustain health and contentment. Many of them will demand a lot more, which is where the problems begin. To build cities, pave highways and establish factories, humans decades ago became the greatest earth-moving force on the planet: they each year shift more rock and soil than the wind and the rain, the rivers and the glaciers(冰川) combined.
Cities now cover 2% of the planet’s land: by 2030, this will be 10%. Over the next 80 years, the species will build a city for one million people every 10 days. To keep these cities functioning, humans will consume 18 terawatts of energy and by 2020, around 5 billion of them will have smartphones, and internet access, and already people who are miserably poor can see, at a finger’s touch, what they are missing, and want it for themselves, and in the course of trying to get it, consume more resources and cause destruction to ecosystem.
Anyone who reads this book will have no excuse for not thinking about it. Vince doesn’t just collect the statistics of exploitation and destruction, she goes to see for herself what they mean. Like a good reporter, she tries to see both sides: she explores both the human destruction and the beneficial and sometimes amazing solutions that human wisdom can deliver. She does the legwork too: she climbs up steep mountainsides in Nepal, and in Ladakh, looks at hydroelectric plans in Patagonia, walks through the forest to get closer to a tiger, steps out in the slums near Cartagena in Colombia, and slips down an Amazon tributary in a dugout.
Everywhere in the world, the ice is disappearing, but in Ladakh, an engineer has worked out a way to make artificial glaciers to store the water for summer growth, and in doing so has given the villagers not just security but a new kind of hope. In every chapter, there are excellent stories like this, glimpses(一瞥) of the other world that perhaps we could have made for ourselves.
Necessarily, to get around a topic that involves all human history and all geography too, she has to be brief, and so in every chapter, she leaves you wanting more. This is usually considered to be a good thing. Good or not, it is difficult to see. And if she helps readers understand a little better the loss and suffering lies behind the exploitation of the rare earths, then it becomes in every sense a good book.
65. The statistics in the first paragraph are meant to _____.
A. rid people of their concerns about the earth
B. stress the gravity of the destruction of the earth
C. clarify people’s misunderstandings of the earth
D. warn people of the contradictory reports about the earth
66. The underlined part in Paragraph 3 most probably means _____.
A. more trees were planted and fewer of them died
B. people produced much more than they consumed
C. the birth rate was higher and the death rate was lower
D. more animals were raised and the universal rate was higher
67. According to the author, the construciton of cities and infrastructures will _____.
A. create more job opportunities for citizens
B. narrow the gap between the rich and the poor
C. promote globalization and economic development
D. cause overconsumption and ecological destruction
68. Why does the book set people thinking?
A. Vince’s own exploration made her description persuasive.
B. Vince’s adventures provide information about mysteries.
C. The book contains some practical solutions from reporters.
D. The book arouses people’s curiosity about some countries.
69. Gaia Vince writes the book to _____.
A. justify the need of humans for a satisfying life
B. advocate uncivilized life and fast development
C. share with the readers her adventures across the world
D. reveal all we have destroyed but may yet be able to save
70. What is the author’s attitude toward Gia Vince’s work?
A. Cautious. B. Ambiguous. C. Casual. D. Appreciative.
【答案】65. B 66. C 67. D 68. A 69. D 70. D
【解析】
本文为说明文。文中作者介绍了Vince的书，对此书赞不绝口。书中呼吁人们意识到当今地球的困境并且做出挽救措施。
【65题详解】
推理判断题。根据列举数据和关键词the degradation of farm and grassland 和planet’s forests been burn and cut down可知目前地球的遭受着极大的破坏。因此该段列举的数据旨在强调地球被破坏的严重性。故B选项正确。
【66题详解】
句意猜测题。该段讲的是人们在最近几十年里变得更有效率了。该句中的reproduce应理解为繁衍，因为需要和die对应。句意是我们繁衍更多，(对应答案中the birth rate was higher出生率更高了)但是死去的人更少了，(对应the death rate was lower死亡率很低)。故C选项正确。
【67题详解】
推理判断题。本文第四段To build cities, pave highways and establish factories, humans decades ago became the greatest earth-moving force on the planet: they each year shift more rock and soil than the wind and the rain, the rivers and the glaciers(冰川) combined.第五段最后一句话consume more resources and cause destruction to the ecosystem（消耗更多的资源，破坏生态系统）可知，城市和基础设施的建设会导致过度消耗和生态破坏。D选项中的overconsumption和ecological destruction与这句话相对应。故D选项正确。
【68题详解】
推理判断题。就在紧接着说这本书引人思考后，第五段的第二行she goes to see for herself， see for oneself 表示亲眼去看，即她是去亲身观察的，包括该段后续详细讲述她去了各个国家，可知是她的亲力亲为让她的书使人信服。故A选项正确。
【69题详解】
推理判断题。最后两段中提到In every chapter, there are excellent stories like this, glimpses(一瞥) of the other world that perhaps we could have made for ourselves.she has to be brief, and so in every chapter, she leaves you wanting more. 可知作者在书中呼吁我们保护地球。由文章第五段可知书的作者亲自去感受地球被破坏，对应答案中的reveal all we have destroyed， 第六段讲述我们做出的一些挽救,the other world that we could have made for ourselves ，对应may be able to save；也照应了前面第五段所提到的本书see both sides。故D选项正确。
【70题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的Anyone who reads this book will have no excuse for not thinking about it.（读过这本书的人没有理由不去思考它）及最后一段中的And if she helps readers understand a little better the loss and suffering lies behind the exploitation of the rare earths, then it becomes in every sense a good book.
（如果她能帮助读者更好地理解稀土开采背后的损失和痛苦，那么这本书在任何意义上都是一本好书）可知，作者认为这是一本可启发人思考的好书，作者对这本书是持赞赏、欣赏的态度。A. Cautious谨慎的；B. Ambiguous模棱两可的；C. Casual随便的；D. Appreciative赏识的。故D选项正确。
第Ⅱ卷 (两部分，共35分)
第四部分 任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
One of the primary problems of being a human being is :Try as you might to come across in a certain way to others, people often perceive(感知、理解) you in an altogether different way.
One person may think, for example, that by offering help to a colleague, she is coming across as generous. But her colleaguemay interpret her offer as a lack of faith in his abilities. Just as he misunderstands her, she misunderstands him: She offered him help because she thought he was overworked and stressed. He has, after all, been showing up early to work and going home late every day. But that’ s not why he’s keeping strange hours; he just works best when the office is less crowded.
These kinds of misunderstandings lead to conflict and resentment(怨恨) not just at work, but at home too. How many fights between couples have started with one person misinterpreting what another says and does? He stares at his plate at dinner while she’s telling a story and she assumes he doesn’t care about what she’s saying, when really he is admiring the beautiful meal she made.
Most of the time, Halvorson says, people don’t realize they are not coming across the way they think they are. “If I ask you,” Halvorson told me, “about how you see yourself----what traits(特点) you would say describe you --- and I ask someone who knows you well to list your traits, there’s a big gap between how other people see us and how we see ourselves.”
This gap arises from some quirks(习惯) of human psychology. Most people suffer from what psychologists call “the transparency illusion”---- the belief that what they feel, desire, and intend is crystal clear to others, even though they have done very little to communicate clearly what is going on inside their minds.
Because the perceived assume they are transparent, they might not spend the time or effort to be as clear and forthcoming about their intentions or emotional states as they could be, giving the perceiver very little information with which to make an accurate judgment. The perceiver, meanwhile, is dealing with two powerful psychological forces that are warping(歪曲) his ability to read others accurately.
Chances are that you “I’m kind of hurt by what you just said” face probably looks an awful lot like your “I’m not at all hurt by what you just said” face. And the majority of times that you’ve said to yourself, “I made my intentions clear,” or “He knows what I meant,” you didn’t and he doesn’t.
Passage outline
Supporting details
A primary problem
People’s understanding of your behavior often ___71___ your original intention.
Typical___72___
◆A colleague may feel you don’t ___73___ him to work well when you offer generous help.
◆You think your colleague overworks, but he believes he can be more ___74___ when left alone at office after work.
◆A wife may feel angry about her husband being absent-minded while she is telling a story at dinner, but actually his ___75___ is on what she has cooked.

___76___ of the problem
◆ Most of the time, people don’t realize the problem.
◆ Your ___77___ of your traits is quite different from how others see you.
◆ Most people believe others know them well, so they tend to ignore the clear ___78___ of what is going on inside their minds.
◆ Without enough information about the perceived, the perceiver often ___79___ to make an accurate judgment.
Conclusion
◆ It is likely that there is a ___80___ between what you think you are and what others think you are.


【答案】71. contradicts
72. examples
73. trust 74. efficient/productive
75. attention/focus/concentration/mind
76. Analysis/Analyses/Explanation(s)
77. description/account/understanding/recognition/knowledge/comprehension
78. communication
79. fails 80. gap/distance/difference/distinction
【解析】
【分析】
本文为议论文。作为一个人，最主要的问题之一就是：尽管你可能会以一种特定的方式让别人看到你，但人们通常会以一种完全不同的方式来看待你。文章论述了这一现象。
【71题详解】
第一段中提到了人们对你的看法和你对你自己的看法完全不一样。与文中in an altogether different way.意思一致，此处需要及物动词，contradict是最为合适的。故填contradicts。
【72题详解】
这是一个上位词，表格的另一端的colleague, wife 都是论证核心论点的案例，而且typical example(s) 是一个固定搭配，表示典型案例。故填examples。
【73题详解】
这是一个同义替换，第二段第二行，出现了核心短语，a lack of faith in his ability, lack of faith 与trust sb. to do sth 同义替换。故填trust。
【74题详解】
这是一个同义替换，在第二段的最后一句话，he just works best when the office is less crowded. 所以他觉得自己在办公室人少的时候工作效率是最高的，这是一个场景词，不可以用best所以是efficient. productive。故填efficient/productive。
【75题详解】
此处又是一个同义替换和固定搭配的结合体，答案在第三段的最后一句话，he is admiring the beautiful meals she made. 所以丈夫的心思焦距于老婆的完美厨艺，也就是his attention / focus / concentration /mind is on sth.故填attention/ focus/ concentration/ mind。
【76题详解】
这是对这个认知差距的分析，这是一个总结概括词， 后面内容是对问题的分析或解释。2018年的高考任务型也出现过这个词，2015年的任务型出现过explanation , 所以可以用analyses / analysis/explanation。故填Analysis/ Analyses/ Explanation(s)。
【77题详解】
这是一个总结概括，答案在第四段第三行，what traits you would say describe you。你对自己特点的描述。describe 词性转换变成了description, account/understanding/recognition/knowledge/comprehension 也可以。故填description/ account/ understanding/ recognition/knowledge/comprehension。
【78题详解】
这是一个词性转换，第五段最后一句话，有clearly communicate 被转换为clear communication。故填communication。
【79题详解】
这是一种高考常用的正话反说，答案出现在第6段，原文说giving the perceiver very little information with which to make an accurate judgment. 也就是因为所给的信息太少，以致于不能做出准确判断。“不能”用fails to. 故填fails。
【80题详解】
这篇文章采用了首尾呼应，第一段出现了in an altogether different way ，最后一段出现了, you don't and he doesn't 所以你传达的信息和接受者接受到的讯息存在着巨大的差异，差异用gap或者difference或者distinction. 故填gap/ distance/ difference/distinction。
【点睛】本篇任务型模仿2019年的沟通话题，以同义替换为主，伴随大量的固定搭配，比如typical examples, trust sb to do, sb's mind is on sth, fail to do 等等，对考生的同义替换和固定搭配能力要求较高。




第五部分书面表达(满分25分)
81.请认真阅读下面有关某校学生父母教育方式现状调查的饼状图及相关文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
One Friday in June, 2018. In a school
Mr. Chen: What will your parents do if you get a lower grade in school?
Li Hua: They will be angry and scold me.
Mr. Chen: Do you want to have a talk with your parents, for example, about your life in school?

Li Hua: I don’t want to tell them my school life as well as my feelings, because they can’t understand me.
Mr. Chen: How do you like the relation between your parents and you?
Li Hua: Although they love me, they often push me to study hard, which puts too much pressure on me.

【写作内容】
1. 用约30个词概括上述饼状图的主要内容；
2. 简要谈谈父母教育方式的重要性；
3. 谈谈你理想中的父母教育方式。(上述对话仅供参考)。
【写作要求】
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Most of the students enjoy a harmonious family atmosphere with equal treatment. However, about 16% of the parents expect too much of their children and some are even harder on them.
The importance of family education cannot be stressed too much. It’s well known that the family is a person’s first school, and parents are the first teachers. Proper family education is always in the most fundamental position, which plays a very important role in shaping a child’s growth and development.
In my opinion, the ideal family educational mode should be the one that adopts the scientific method of encouragement, guidance, and tolerance. Parents should pay great attention to emotional communication by sparing the time to talk with children, listen attentively to their aspirations and give them encouragement. Only in this way can children build self-respect and self-confidence and develop their physical and mental health.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。要求概括图文内容并对给出材料反映出的现象谈谈自己的看法。
【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，1. 用约30个词概括上述饼状图的主要内容；2. 简要谈谈父母教育方式的重要性；3. 谈谈你理想中的父母教育方式。(上述对话仅供参考)。第二，人称为第三人称。第三，时态为一般现在时。
第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，用约30个单词写出上文概要。第二段，简要谈谈父母教育方式的重要性。第三段，谈谈你理想中的父母教育方式。
第三步：确定关键词汇和短语： a harmonious family atmosphere，expect too much of their children，family education，fundamental position，a child’s growth and development，the ideal family educational mode，
第四步：确定较为高级的句子：非限定性定语从句Proper family education is always in the most fundamental position, which plays a very important role in shaping a child’s growth and development. 限定性定语从句In my opinion, the ideal family educational mode should be the one that adopts the scientific method of encouragement, guidance, and tolerance. 倒装句型Only in this way can children build self-respect and self-confidence and develop their physical and mental health.
第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接。
第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。
【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式如：非限定性定语从句Proper family education is always in the most fundamental position, which plays a very important role in shaping a child’s growth and development. 限定性定语从句In my opinion, the ideal family educational mode should be the one that adopts the scientific method of encouragement, guidance, and tolerance. 倒装句型Only in this way can children build self-respect and self-confidence and develop their physical and mental health.高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。