上海市复兴中学2020届高三下学期第三次周测英语试题

2019-2020学年复兴中学高三下第三次周测试卷

I. Grammar

    Am I my brother’s keeper? That question comes from the Bible. In the Book of Genesis (《创世纪》), Cain kills his brother Abel and when God asks Cain 1________Abel is, he replies, “I don’t know. Am I my brother’s keeper?” by which  he means, “Am I responsible for my brother—his safety and well-being?” The answer, of course, is: “Yes, you are.”

    This sense of responsibility for others is the basis of all good societies and it is the basis of  2 ________we call “civil society.” Civil society is defined as a community of citizens 3 ________(link) by common interests and collective action that functions outside of government, the economy and one’s family. A civil society requires us to act for the benefit of 4 ________and not merely to pursue selfish interests.

    China is now embarked 5 ________building a civil society and Shanghai’s education authorities want students to get involved in that through volunteering. They are requiring high school students to perform sixty class hours of community service which will be included in their performance assessment for graduation. This is something new in China, but it’s not new in other countries.

    In the Canadian province of Ontario, high school students are required to do  forty  hours  of volunteering 6 ________ they won’t receive their diplomas. In some American states, the volunteering requirement is one hundred hours. These students spend an hour or two a week during the school year and summer vacations helping the poor, the sick and the elderly. They also teach young children to read, they take 7 ________handicapped on outings and they help to clean up the environment. And studies  have shown 8               this volunteering experience has a positive effect on students’ attitudes toward society and many continue to do volunteer work after graduation.

    Some of you may be thinking, “Gee, sixty hours is a lot. Where will I find the time?” But 9 ________(spread) out over three years, it amounts to less than two hours a month. And it is time well spent 10 ________              it helps you realize that being “your brother’s keeper” makes you a better person and makes society a better place for everyone.

    On the morning of September 11, 2001, computer sales manager Michael Hingson, who is blind, went early to his office on the 78th floor of the North Tower of the World Trade Center to prepare for a meeting. As Michael worked, his guide dog, a Labrador retriever 11 ________(name) Roselle, dozed by his feet.

    At 8:46 a.m., a tremendous boom rocked the building, eliciting screams throughout the floor. Michael grabbed Roselle, trusting that the dog 12 ________(lead) him out of danger, and they navigated their way to a stairwell.

    “Forward,” Michael instructed, and they descended the first of 1,463 steps to the lobby. 13 ________about ten floors, the stairwell grew crowded and hot, and the fumes from jet fuel had made it hard to breathe.

    When a woman became crazy, yelling that they wouldn’t make it, Roselle accompanied the woman 14 ________she finally petted the dog, calmed herself, and kept walking down the stairs.

Around the 30th floor, firefighters started passing Michael on their way up. Each one  stopped  to offer him assistance. He declined but let Roselle be petted, 15 ________              (provide) many of the firefighters with 16 ________would be their last experience of unconditional love.

     After about 45 minutes, Michael and Roselle reached 17 ________lobby, and 15 minutes later, they emerged outside to a scene of chaos. Suddenly the police yelled for everyone to run as the South Tower began to collapse.

    Michael kept a tight grip on Roselle’s harness, using voice and hand commands, as they ran to a street opposite the crumbling tower. The street bounced like a trampoline, and “a deafening roar” like a hellish freight train filled the air. Hours later, Michael and Roselle made it home safely. At that moment, they thought they were 18 ________(lucky) in the world.

    In the months that followed, Michael became a spokesperson for Guide Dogs for the  Blind,  the organization by which Roselle 19 ________(train). Together, they spread their message about trust and teamwork.

    In 2004, Roselle developed a blood disorder, 20 ________  prevented her from guiding and touring. She died in 2011.

    “I’ve had many other dogs,” Michael wrote, “but there is only one Roselle.”

II.Reading (A)

    For the first time in its history the International Olympic Committee has allowed a team of refugees to compete at the Games. All of the team’s members were forced to leave their home countries. Now they’ve come together to compete under the  Olympic flag instead.

    Making it to the Olympics is something eighteen-year-old swimmer Yusra has always dreamed of. But just last year, she was swimming for her life. She and her sister were forced to leave their home in Syria because of the war there. They were trying to get to Greece in a rubber dinghy with eighteen other refugees, when their boat broke down and began filling with water. Most of the people on board couldn't swim so she and her sister jumped in to help push it to shore.

    Three hours later, they made it to safety, and eventually to Germany as refugees. Refugees are people who have left their home country because their lives are threatened by war, bad treatment or violence –often because of their race, gender or beliefs. Around the world, more than 60 million people are in this situation. And some of them, like Yusra, are elite athletes who have trained all their lives to compete at the highest level, only to have that chance taken away.

    Now, a team of ten, including swimmers, runners, and judokas from Syria, South Sudan, Ethiopia and Congo have been given the chance to compete at the Games under the Olympic flag. They’ve also been given their own coaches, officials, uniforms, and a chef, all paid for by the IOC. And in the past few months they’ve  been training hard. The IOC says it wants the team to inspire and give hope to other refugees, and draw attention to the issues millions of others around the world are facing. And these guys say they’re up to the task, whether they win gold or not.

    “This will be a symbol of hope for all the refugees in our world and will make  the world better aware of the magnitude of this crisis,” IOC President Thomas Bach said in a statement. “It is also a signal to the international community that refugees are our fellow human beings and are an enrichment to society.”

    “These refugee athletes will show the world that despite the unimaginable tragedies that they have faced, anyone can contribute to society through their talent, skills and strength of the human spirit,” the statement continues.

21.What does the underlined sentence mean?

A.She trained all her life.         B. She swam for the glory of life.

C. She swam to escape being drowned. D. She swam to escape from other refugees.

22.Where do Yusra and her sister live as refugees now?

A.Syria.           B. Germany.             C. Congo.        D. Ethiopia.

23.Which of the following is not a reason why the refugees are threatened to leave their country?

A.  Race.        B. Violence.            C. Religion.        D. Nationality.

24.The IOC allowed a team of refugees to compete in the Olympic Games in order to ________.

A.help the refugees to fulfill their dreams of winning the Olympic gold medal.

B.offer the refugees a chance to earn bread by themselves.

C.light a candle of hope for all the refugees in the world.

D.curse the darkness of the society by forcing them to pay attention to the life of refugees

(B)

     As the MOOC craze continues to explode, anyone interested in taking an online course faces a tricky question: Which course to take? Here are five aspects that you should consider before you start.

    (1)What is your learning style?

    Many MOOCs are video-based. Other courses use presentation formats. Some also require participation in group work. If you want to stay motivated during your course, think about how you enjoy learning.

    Are you a visual learner, preferring to use images to understand a topic? If so, a video-based course will work well for you. If you are a verbal learner who gains new information by speaking and writing, try a text-based course with lots of note-taking. Social learners, meanwhile, will thrive in forum discussions and project-based assessment.

    (2)Are you ready to become a full-time student?

    Be realistic about the time that you can commit to your online studies. Participating in an online course can take as much time and commitment as a class-based program. Check the course requirements and make a plan around your current schedule.

    (3)Does the course really meet your needs?

    Whether you are interested in a professional qualification or want to take a personal development course like yoga, there is a MOOC for you. It’s easy to get caught up in the excitement of taking lots of free courses in everything that you ever wanted to learn. Before you start a course, think about the end goal. Is the course aimed at beginners or advanced learners? Why do you need this qualification?

    (4)Do you need a support group?

    Some people learn best from seeing how others approach the problem. If you are such a learner, you will need to supplement your online lessons with an in-person support group.

    (5)What kind of certification will you get?

    Take time to find out what kind of certification is available upon completion of the course, and how you can prove your learning to others – for example, certificates, transcripts or digital badges.

25.What kind of MOOCs does the author recommend to verbal learners?

A. A video-based course.   B. A text-based course.

C. A forum-based discussion.   D. A project-based assessment.

26.What kind of learners need an in-person support group?

A.Learners who prefer individual work.

B.Learners who are in great need of a certificate.

C.Learners who learn best from seeing how others approach the problem.

D.Learners who are too busy to become a full-time student.

27.What is the passage mainly about?

A.Picking the right MOOCs for you. B. Deciding your learning style.

C. Taking the right course you need. D. Choosing a suitable support group.

(C)

    Pluto – which famously was degraded from a “major planet” in 2006 – captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could complete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system.

    Pluto’s underdog discovery story is part of what makes it so appealing. Clyde Tombaugh was a Kansas far boy who built telescopes out of spare auto parts, old farm equipment and self-ground lenses. As an assistant at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, Tombaugh’s task was to search among millions of stars for a moving point of light, a planet that the observatory’s founder thought existed beyond the orbit of Neptune. After years’ efforts, Tombaugh finally found it. Pluto was the first planet discovered by an American, and represented a moment of light in the darkness of the Great Depression.

    For decades, Pluto thrived in its role as the ninth major planet of our solar system, even though it was tiny compared to the others and so far away.

    However, 62 years after its discovery, two astronomers discovered another planet-like object beyond the orbit of Neptune. Six months later, they discovered a third object. It looked like Pluto might actually be a member of a sort of asteroid belt, similar to but way beyond one we’ve known about for a long time between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.

    Another 14 years passed, dozens more objects beyond Neptune like Pluto had been discovered, so the International Astronomical Union elected to degrade the planet. It now shares its dwarf planet designation with three of the 1,200 bodies that have been located beyond Neptune today, collectively known as “Kuiper Belt Objects.”

    The Kuiper Belt is populated by icy bodies that are remnants of the solar  system’s formation. These are the building blocks of planets. We now also know the surface of Pluto contains ices composed of methane, nitrogen, and other compounds familiar to us. It also seems to have a bright polar cap, like on Earth. Its atmosphere is very thin, but it’s composed largely of nitrogen, like our own.

    So, as we finally get within 7,800 miles of Pluto today, we scientists are hoping we can finally understand how the chaos at the beginning of the solar system could have created objects so similar and yet so foreign as Earth and Pluto. Pluto is much more than something that is not a planet. It’s a reminder that there are many worlds out there beyond our own – that the sky isn’t the limit at all. We don’t know what kinds of fantastic variations on a theme nature is capable of making until we get out there to look.

28.Pluto was discovered by Clyde Tombaugh in ________.

A. 1930             B. 1939            C. 1992             D. 2006

29.Now the official designation of Pluto is________.

A.Asteroid Belt     B. Kuiper Belt       C. Major Planet     D. Dwarf Planet

30.Pluto and Earth are to some extent similar for ________.

A.both of them are populated by icy bodies that are remnants of the solar system’s formation 4.6 billion years ago

B.the atmosphere of either of them is mainly made up of nitrogen

C.there are ices throughout the surface of both

D.both of them have bright polar caps on the north pole as well as the south pole

31.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A.There are nine major planets in the solar system.

B.There is an asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.

C.Pluto now shares its designation with 1,200 bodies that have been located beyond Neptune.

D.Clyde Tombaugh discovered Pluto with the telescope out of spare auto parts, old equipment and self-ground lenses.

(D)

    Suppose you become a leader in an organization. It’s very likely that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.

    Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer. ________32________For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.

    People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people’s wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g., “I volunteer because it’s important to me”) to an external factor (e.g., “I volunteer because I’m required to do so”). When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. ________33________             

    Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their  satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. ________34________               The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations  or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.

    Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role.________35________               Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” “Consistent with the researchers” expectations, they found a positive correlation between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, lead to concrete advice: “Once an individual begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity.... Items like T-shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity”.

III.Translation

1.这个游戏的规则太复杂，三言两语解释不清。(too…to)

2.外出旅游时务必注意保护环境，为他人着想。(sure)

3.为了您的家庭幸福，务必遵守交通规则。 (Do)

4.遇到困难的时候，我们需要的不是彼此埋怨，而是相互帮助。 (not…but)

参考答案

where, what, linked, others, on, or, the, that, spread, if

11. named  12. would lead   13. After   14. until  15. providing     

16.what　　17. the   18. the luckiest   19. had been trained​20. which

CBDC​​BCA​​ADBB​​FBEC

1. 这个游戏的规则太复杂，三言两语解释不清。(too…to)

The rules of the game are too complicated to explain clearly in a few works.

2. 外出旅游时务必注意保护环境，为他人着想。(sure)

Be sure to pay attention to protecting the environment and be considerate/think of others if/when/while traveling/doing traveling.

3. 为了您的家庭幸福，务必遵守交通规则。 (Do)

Do obey / observe / keep / follow traffic rules for the happiness of your family.

4. 遇到困难的时候，我们需要的不是彼此埋怨，而是相互帮助。     (not…but)

When (we are) in difficulty / When we meet with difficulties, what we need is not to blame each other but to help each other.