上海市复兴中学2020届高三下学期英语周测8

Ⅰ. Grammar

    There is a great debate going on right now on the subject of genetically__1__ (modify) (GM) foods. For some, the idea of GM foods is a good one. Some research shows that the world produces 17 percent more food __2__it needs to produce every day! Others regard GM foods as dangerous. Many people wish to avoid them __3__animal studies have revealed resulting changes in internal cell structure, abnormal tumor (肿瘤) growth and unexpected deaths. So what exactly are the pros and cons of GM foods?

★ Here are the primary benefits of GM foods:

1.Better overall quality and taste

2.More resistant __4__ disease

3.Higher nutritional value

★ Here are the primary problems with GM foods:

    1.Environmental damage

    Growing plants or raising livestock (牲畜) in environmental conditions that normally  wouldn’t support __5__ has the potential to permanently damage that environment. For example, weeds,  __6__ can be crossbred with GM plants, often become resistant to herbicides.

    2.No economic value

    GM foods take just as long to mature and as much effort __7__ (grow) as non-GM foods, meaning that there is no real economic value to  __8__ (grow) GM foods.

    3.A growth in allergic reactions

    Studies have shown that the consumption of GM foods increases the risks of food-based  allergies in people. __9__ someone developed an allergy to soy because of GM efforts, and livestock ate that GM soy as well, that person would have a high probability of an allergic reaction from eating the animal’s meat.

    In some areas, having access to GM foods may make sense because resources are thin and people are dying from hunger. In other areas, however, the risks may outweigh the rewards. __10__ do you stand on GM foods?

    If the parcel you ordered last week during the online “Singles’ Day” sales was a little late in arriving, there may be a good reason for it. And it’s not just __11__ your pair of socks got lost among the hundreds of millions of other parcels that had to be delivered. The delay may have been the result of new government security rules.

    The rules came __12__effect this month and are aimed at preventing a repeat of __13__  happened in Guangxi in September. A series of letter bombs was sent by couriers (快递员) to different locations in the area and seven people were killed. Under the new rules, people are now  required __14__(identify) themselves when sending a parcel, and courier companies are required to X-ray all parcels and letters to make sure they contain nothing dangerous. All of this, of course, takes time and it is slowing down the efficiency of delivery companies. But the inconvenience is a small price to pay __15__ it ensures public safety.

    Other countries  are facing this problem as well.  Britain, __16__has been the target of Islamist ( 伊斯兰的) terrorists, makes senders identify themselves and sometimes __17__ (check) the contents of parcels before they are allowed to be posted through the  Royal Mail (英国皇家邮政). America isn’t so strict, but companies __18__              (receive) mail often X-ray items to make sure they are safe. And all countries check airmail letters and parcels very carefully: they are X-rayed and also put through “sniffer” machines (嗅探器) which can detect explosives.

    Your pair of socks may not be dangerous (at least not until you’ve worn them for a few days), but the delivery company has no way of knowing that. So you should show a little understanding if it took a couple of days for them to arrive. And, please, don’t yell at the courier. It’s not his fault. Couriers have a difficult job that has them __19__ (work) twelve-hour days, delivering between  300 and 400 parcels__ 20__ day.

    Actually, the courier is kind of a modern- day hero, enabling China to have the cheapest, fastest and most efficient parcel delivery system in the world. And, with the new rules, it may also be the safest. So, when the courier arrives (maybe a little late), just smile and say thank you.

II.Blank Filling

(A)

    Unit the 1980s, scientists were trained to ignore animal pain, according to the belief that the ability to feel pain was associated only with higher consciousness. However, today, scientists view humans as a species of animals, and largely accept that many species are capable of some level of self-awareness. People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion.

    If you slap (掌击) another person in the face, you can estimate their pain level by what they  do or say in response. _____21_____ Gradually, scientists have developed a set of indicators of pain response in non-human animals. Demonstrating a response to a negative stimulation and displaying protective behavior of injured areas are two major signs.

    But huge disagreement exists. For example, scientists disagree over whether or not lobsters ( 龙 虾 ) feel pain. Some researchers argue lobsters are too dissimilar to vertebrates ( 脊椎动物) to feel pain. Nonetheless, lobsters do satisfy all of the standards for a pain response. Lobsters guard their injuries, and learn to avoid dangerous situations. _____22_____ In result, today most scientists agree that injuring a lobster causes physical pain.

     Due to growing evidence that the lobsters may feel pain, it is now illegal to boil lobsters alive or keep them on ice in some countries. Currently, boiling lobsters alive  is illegal in Switzerland and New Zealand. Even in locations where boiling lobsters remains legal, many restaurants prefer  more humane methods. _____23_____ To satisfy picky diners, more restaurants rule out the cruel cooking methods. Stabbing a lobster in the head isn’t a good option, as it neither kills the lobster nor makes it unconscious.

     Currently, the most humane tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun. This device electrocutes(电击) a lobster. ______24______The following process of cooking is sure to cause no pain. In contrast, it takes about 2 minutes for a lobster to die from boiling water during which time pain lasts.

(B) Nowhere To Hide:What Machines Can Tell From Your Face

    The human face is a remarkable piece of work. ___25___ So is the face’s ability to send emotional signals, whether through the unconscious shame or  the trick of a false smile. People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of attraction, hostility, trust and deceit. They also spend plenty of time trying to  hide their feelings, intentions or nature.

  ____26____ In America facial recognition is used by churches to track worshippers’ attendance; in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it to arrest a suspect outside a football game. In China it confirms the identities of ride-hailing drivers, permits tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple’s new iPhone is expected to use it to unlock the home-screen.

    Set against human skills, such applications might seem enhancive. Some breakthroughs, such as flight or the internet, obviously transform human abilities. _____27______ Although faces are peculiar to individuals, they are also public, so technology does not, at first sight, intrude on something that is private. And yet the ability to record, store and analyse images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast scale promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy, fairness and trust.

  ______28______ Masking true feelings helps fix the wheels of daily life. If your partner can spot every prohibited yawn, and your boss every hint of annoyance, marriages and working relationships will be more truthful, but less harmonious. The basis of social interactions might change, too, from a set of commitments founded on trust to calculations of risk and reward derived from the information a computer attaches to someone’s face. Relationships might become more reasonable, but also transactional.

III.Translation

1.我们的祖国从来没有像今天这样那个强大。(Never)

2.这小孩太调皮，使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心烦意乱。(So …)

3.经历了多次严重自然灾害后，人们才逐渐意识到植树造林的重要性。(Not until)

4.自从出国留学后，她就不再和我们保持联系了。 (No longer)

参考答案

modified, than, because, to, them, which, to grow, growing, If, Where

because, into, what, to identify, if, which, checks, receiving, working, a

EADB ​​FDAE

1. 我们的祖国从来没有像今天这样那个强大。(Never)

Never before has our country been as powerful as it is today.

2. 这小孩太调皮，使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心烦意乱。(So …)

So naughty is the child that he often upsets his parents who are busy with their work.

3. 经历了多次严重自然灾害后，人们才逐渐意识到植树造林的重要性。(Not until)

Not until people (had) experienced a number of serious natural disasters did they came to realize the importance of planting trees

4. 自从出国留学后，她就不再和我们保持联系了。 (No longer)

No longer has she kept in touch with us since she went abroad for further study / education.