安徽省合肥市2020届高三7月调研性检测（零模）英语试题


合肥市2020届高三调硏性检测
英语试题
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座位号、准考证号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
3.回答非选择题时，必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，写在本试卷上无效。如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、肢带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A.£ 19.15. B.£ 9.18. C£ 9.15.
答案是C。
1.Who does the woman think may have a more successful career?
ACathy.
B.Mike.
C.Carl.
2.Where does the conversation probably take place?
A.On a train.
B.At a hotel.
C.In a restaurant. 3.What do we know about Anderson?
A.He is very lazy.
B.He has changed a lot.
C.He has learned a lot from his father.
4What does the woman think of the joke?
A.Offensive.
B.Funny.
C.Old.
5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A.Librarian and library user.
B.Salesperson and customer.
C.Teacher and student.
第一节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. Why is the man going to Sydney?
A.To visit old friends.
B.To relax himself;
C.To attend a seminar.
7. How will the woman get to Toronto?
A. By train.
B. By air.
C. By car.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What kind of room does the man want to have?
A. A suite.
B. A single room.
C. A double room.
9. How much is the man going to pay?
A.£ 180.
B. £ 360.
C.£ 400.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man think influences people's personalities?
A. Their parents' characters.
B. The social media.
C. The environment. 11. What does the woman say about the teenagers?
A. They suffer from stress.
B. They like to copy other teenagers.
C. They are more independent than their parents.
12. What has the man been doing?
A. Doing research into the new media.
B. Writing a book related to parenting.
C. Addressing changes in personality.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What does the woman do?
A. A chemist.
B. A nurse.
C. A doctor.
14. How long can the man stay away from work?
A. One or two days.
B. Over three days.
C. About a week.
15. What is wrong with the man?
A. He may have flu.
B. He has sleeping problems.
C. He can’t concentrate on his work，
16. What will the man do next?
A. Get some rest.
B. Use the latest equipment.
C. Practise concentration.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Which of the following cities has four rush hours?
A. Seattle.
B. Athens.
C New York.
18. What may the gesture of raising two fingers mean in Seoul?
A. Taking two people at a time.
B. Asking the driver for help politely.
C. Paying the driver twice the normal rate.
19. Why does Rome avoid building new highways?
A. To reduce the budget of construction.
B. To encourage people to use cars less.
C. To preserve historic sites in the city.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. Rush hour traffic around the world.
B. Effects of rush hour on people’s life.
C. Causes of traffic problems worldwide.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分)
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Check off the Four Corners
Arizona，Utah，Colorado and New Mexico are not simply the only four American states that meet at a single point, but they also host the US's greatest concentration of national parks.
This is the place to come for that classic scene of the lonely desert road extending to the horizon. On your way，take in such sights as the Monument Valley and the mysterious remains of centuries-old civilizations in Colorado’s Mesa Verde.
Find beauty in the desert
With many miles of excellent roads，a self-drive trip in Namibia makes total sense. Plan a route north from capital Windhoek to wildlife-rich Etosha National Park，before crossing Damaraland to reach the Skeleton Coast. The most impressive desert views are in the Namib-Naulduft National Park to the south. At Sossusvlei，the landscape takes on the quality of a surrealist painting.
Cross half a continent
The 1,761-mile-long Stuart Highway runs north to south through Australia’s Red Centre. It is not a road where every turn shows new wonders ； the reward of this trip comes in the gradual change in your surroundings, from red soils’ in Australia’s outback to the tropical (热带的） leaves of the Indian Ocean coast.
Take the high road
Among all the crashing of continental plates that raised up the Canadian Rockies, a 144-mile route was left more or less clear at their center. The Icefields Parkway now passes through this amazing scenery； with the access it brings to icy lakes, waterfalls and icefields, the section between Banff and Jasper has a good claim to being the most scenic in the world.
1. Where can you experience ancient civilizations?
A. In Australia's Red Centre.
B. In the Canadian Rockies.
C. In Colorado’s Mesa Verde.
D. In the Namib-Naukluft National Park.
2. What can you do on a self-drive trip in Namibia?
A. Explore the Monument Valley.
B. Enjoy the striking desert views.
C. Save some endangered wildlife.
D. Go through the largest national park
3. What can you infer about the trips mentioned in the text?
A. They provide the amazing road adventures.
B. They offer new wonders across the world.
C. They are for those who love various national parks.
D. They are intended to raise environmental awareness.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四条极具特色的公路旅行线路。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“On your way，take in such sights as the Monument Valley and the mysterious remains of centuries-old civilizations in Colorado’s Mesa Verde.”可知，在科罗拉多梅萨维德你可以欣赏到古老文明的神秘遗迹，故C项正确。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The most impressive desert views are in the Namib-Naulduft National Park to the south. At Sossusvlei”可知，在纳米比亚自驾游时，你可以欣赏到迷人的沙漠景色，故B项正确。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“This is the place to come for that classic scene of the lonely desert road extending to the horizon.”，第二段中的“The most impressive desert views are in the Namib-Naulduft National Park to the south.”，第三段中的“It is not a road where every turn shows new wonders ； the reward of this trip comes in the gradual change in your surroundings, from red soils’ in Australia’s outback to the tropical (热带的） leaves of the Indian Ocean coast.”及第四段中的“The Icefields Parkway now passes through this amazing scenery； with the access it brings to icy lakes, waterfalls and icefields, the section between Banff and Jasper has a good claim to being the most scenic in the world.”可知，这四条公路旅行路线都提供了不可思议的公路冒险，故A项正确。

B
Life on the street is a constant struggle for homeless people. In times of extreme weather conditions, that struggle becomes even more difficult. Recently, homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldn't find shelter for the night.
Thankfully, one local woman refused to let that happen. On January 30，2018, 34-year-old Candice Payne, a local managing broker, was lucky enough to have shelter from the dangerous conditions.
“It was - 20℃, and I knew they were going to be sleeping on ice and I had to do something,” said Payne. Payne started brainstorming different ways she could possibly help. Finally， she decided to see if there were any rooms available at local inns and hotels that she could get to help those stuck on the street.
For Payne, her mission was personal. According to Payne, her husband, Carlos Callahan， had lived on the streets at one point in his life. Based on his experiences, Payne knew that the homeless people still out on the street desperately needed help and that if she didn't step up to help, no one likely would.
However, when Payne explained what she was trying to do，many of the local hotels refused to allow her to pay for the rooms as they didn't want homeless people to stay in their rooms. “No one wanted them, but one hotel, the Amber Inn, was nice enough to allow me to buy the rooms,” said Payne.
Payne's selfless act made news across the country. However, she insisted she had never done it for attention. “I am a regular person, ” said Payne, who spent thousands of dollars of her own money to help complete strangers.“It all sounded like a rich person did this, but I’m just a little black girl from the South Side. ”
4. What does the underlined word “ that” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Locals living on the street‘
B. The homeless freezing to death.
C. The extreme weather.
D. The shelter for the homeless.
5. How did Candice Payne help the homeless people?
A. By drawing public attention.
B. By giving them money directly.
C. By taking them to her own house.
D. By buying hotel rooms for them.
6. What may contribute to Payne’s nice act?
A. Her husband's past experiences.
B. The requests from the homeless.
C. Her desire to become famous.
D. The coldness of local hotels.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. A Black Fighter Changes the World
B. A Woman’s Curiosity Brings a Reward
C. A Regular Woman Makes a Difference
D. A Couple's Brave Act Moves the Country
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个普通的芝加哥妇女买下琥珀宾馆的房间让无家可归者过夜，以免他们被冻死。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Recently, homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldn't find shelter for the night.”可知，最近，芝加哥的无家可归者如果找不到过夜的地方，就会被冻死，再结合画线词前的“Thankfully, one local woman refused to let”可知，幸运的是，一位当地妇女拒绝让这种事情发生，由此可知画线词指的就是前面提到的无家可归者被冻死的情况，故B项正确。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“but one hotel, the Amber Inn, was nice enough to allow me to buy the rooms,”可知，Candice Payne是通过买下琥珀宾馆的房间的方式来帮助那些无家可归者的，故D项正确。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“According to Payne, her husband, Carlos Callahan， had lived on the streets at one point in his life. Based on his experiences, Payne knew that the homeless people still out on the street desperately needed help”可知，Payne的丈夫曾有过露宿街头的经历，这让Payne了解无家可归者极需帮助，所以决定帮助他们，故A项正确。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个普通的芝加哥妇女买下琥珀宾馆的房间让无家可归者过夜，以免他们被冻死，故C项（一位普通妇女的大影响）最适合作文章标题。

C
Much of the public debate around early childhood education comes down to which matters more： academics or play. That's a false dilemma. Play is really the way that young children learn and guided play is the key. It's a way that they experience the world, and it helps them learn more deeply.
We should be concerned that the“skill and drill”approach to teaching academics is most frequently used in classrooms serving at-risk preschoolers, in an attempt to close the gap on school readiness. Unfortunately, these teaching methods can turn young kids off to school and introduces the possibility of shame and anxiety. 46 Skill and drill” doesn't teach kids the curiosity and critical (批判的）thinking skills that they need to develop in early childhood.
However, pure free play—an approach advocated more frequently by wealthier groups—also misses the mark. “I hear a lot about just ‘free play classrooms’. ” But Suzanne Bouffard, an education researcher, said if it only involves setting out materials and not thinking about learning goals, there’s a real missed opportunity. For example, she said, researchers have found that children used more complex language about building activities when they had a goal in mind.
What effective preschools aim for is “guided play”，in which adults create a purposeful play environment that encourages students to explore，For example, in setting up blocks, a teacher might put up pictures of buildings to inspire kids. They may ask students, “What are you doing?” and gently push kids’ thinking by offering new information.
Of course, the ability to find this balance rests with teachers. Good teachers make it look really easy，That's why it's really important that we invest(投入）in teachers and give them the training to guide play without overly controlling it and to encourage kids to develop an understanding of letters and numbers without “skill and drill”.
8. Which of the following matters most in early childhood education?
A. Having guided play. B. Learning after play.
C. Seeing the world. D. Studying academic courses.
9. What do we know about the “skill and drill” approach?
A. It works best for preschoolers.
B. It helps develop kids’ curiosity.
C. It limits kids’ development.
D. It bridges the gap on school readiness.
10. Which of following best explains “misses the mark” underlined in Paragraph 3?
A. Meets learning goals. B. Loses points in exams.
C. Troubles the classroom. D. Fails to achieve the goal.
11. Why does a teacher put up pictures of buildings?
A. To encourage the kids to copy.
B. To offer extra information.
C. To share the teaching purpose with the kids.
D. To inspire the kids to explore.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了有引导的玩耍对幼儿教育是最重要的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“guided play is the key.”可知，有引导的玩耍对幼儿教育最重要，故A项正确。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Skill and drill” doesn't teach kids the curiosity and critical thinking skills that they need to develop in early childhood.”可知，“技能和训练”并不能教会孩子们在童年早期需要培养的好奇心和批判性思维能力，也就是说“技能和训练”方法会限制孩子的发展，故C项正确。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。上一段说“技能和训练”并不能教会孩子们在童年早期需要培养的好奇心和批判性思维能力，不会促进孩子的学习，画线词前的also表明此处和前面的情况一样，即：纯粹的自由玩耍也不会促进孩子的学习，由此可知画线部分的意思是“未能达到（促进学习的）目标”，故D项正确。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“in which adults create a purposeful play environment that encourages students to explore，For example, in setting up blocks, a teacher might put up pictures of buildings to inspire kids”可知，老师张贴建筑物的图片是要启发孩子去探索，故D项正确。
【点睛】本篇第3题词义猜测题的难度较大，对上一段“技能和训练”的弊端的理解是关键，上一段说“技能和训练”并不能教会孩子们在童年早期需要培养的好奇心和批判性思维能力，甚至还会让孩子产生厌学情绪，这种方法不会促进孩子的学习，画线词前的also表明此处和前面的情况一样，即：纯粹的自由玩耍也不会促进孩子的学习，由此可知画线部分的意思是“未能达到（促进学习的）目标”。

D
In a major medical breakthrough, Tel Aviv University researchers have “printed” the world's first 3D vascularized (有血管的）engineered heart using a patient’s own cells and biological materials. Their findings were published on April IS in a study in Advanced Science.
“This is the first time anyone anywhere has successfully engineered and printed an entire heart,” says Prof. Tal Dvir of Department of Materials Science and Engineering, who led the research for the study. “This heart is made from human cells and patient-specific biological materials. In our process, these materials serve as the bioinks, something made of sugars and proteins that can be used for 3D printing of complex tissue models，” Prof, Dvir says. “People managed to 3D print the structure of a heart in the past, but not with cells or with blood vessels (血管).Our results demonstrate the potential of our approach for engineering personalized tissue and organ replacement in the future.”
According to Prof. Dvir，the use of “ native ” patient-specific materials is important to successfully engineering tissues and organs.
The researchers are now planning on culturing the printed hearts in the lab and “ teaching them to behave” like hearts, Prof. Dvir says. They then plan to transplant the 3D-printed heart in animal models.
“We need to develop the printed heart further，” he concludes. “The cells need to form a pumping ability ； they can currently contract (收缩），but we need them to work together. Our hope is that we will succeed and prove our method’s efficacy (功效)and usefulness. “Maybe, in ten years, there will be organ printers in the finest hospitals around the world，and these procedures will be conducted routinely. ”
12. What does Prof. Dvir think of an early 3D-printed heart?
A. It was highly practical. B. It was too expensive.
C. It was personalized. D. It was too simple.
13. What do we know about the latest 3D-printed heart?
A. It can be cultured in the lab.
B. It can match a patient perfectly.
C. It has been transplanted in animals.
D. It has been widely used in hospitals,
14. What is Prof, Dvir's attitude to the development of the printed heart?
A. Ambiguous. B. Positive.
C. Disapproving. D. Cautious.
15. What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A. To explain the basic principle of 3D technology.
B. To introduce a breakthrough of medical research.
C. To doubt the medical value of a new invention.
D. To prove the effectiveness of the new technology.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究人员成功打印出了世界上第一颗有血管的3D打印心脏。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“People managed to 3D print the structure of a heart in the past, but not with cells or with blood vessels”可知，早期的3D打印心脏没有细胞核血管，由此可知，Prof. Dvir认为早期的3D打印心脏过于简单，故D项正确。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The researchers are now planning on culturing the printed hearts in the lab”可知，研究人员目前正计划在实验室中培育这些打印心脏，由此可知，最新的3D打印心脏可以在实验室中培育，故A项正确。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Maybe, in ten years, there will be organ printers in the finest hospitals around the world，and these procedures will be conducted routinely.”可知，也许，十年后，世界上最好的医院将会有器官打印机，这些程序将会按常规进行，由此可知，Prof, Dvir对3D打印心脏的发展持积极态度，故B项正确。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“In a major medical breakthrough, Tel Aviv University researchers have “printed” the world's first 3D vascularized (有血管的）engineered heart”可知，本文介绍的是研究人员成功打印出了世界上第一颗有血管的3D打印心脏，这是医学上的重大突破，作者写这篇文章就是为了介绍这一重大医学突破，故B项正确。
【点睛】涉及到观点态度的推理判断题难度较大，抓住人物在文章中说的话是关键，因为话语是最能体现出一个人的观点态度的，例如本篇第3题，根据最后一段中Prof, Dvir的话“Maybe, in ten years, there will be organ printers in the finest hospitals around the world，and these procedures will be conducted routinely.”可知，也许，十年后，世界上最好的医院将会有器官打印机，这些程序将会按常规进行，由此可知，Prof, Dvir对3D打印心脏充满了期待，也就是说他对3D打印心脏的发展持积极态度。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An acquaintance has something in common with you and merely enjoys your company for a short time. A fair-weather friend flatters (讨好）you when the sun is shining and the birds are singing. ___16___They would never do the following things.
Walk away when times get tough. True friendship is all about how a person helps another person when they are down and can give very little in return. Thus, take note of who remains in your life when times get tough. Seriously，when you come out the other side of a difficult period in your life, look around you. ___17___
Hold hatred (憎恨）over your head. Some people will refuse to accept that you are no longer who you used to be—that you made mistakes in the past，learned from them, and moved beyond them. ___18___ Instead，they help you repair your present and future.
Pretend like they have all the answers. You may think about the people who have had the greatest positive effect on your life—the ones who truly made a difference. ___19___ True friends are the ones who sit silently with you when you need a moment to think. They'd always lend you a shoulder when you need to cry.
___20___ You deserve to be with friends who make you smile—friends who don't take you for granted and won't leave you hanging. When you notice that a friend is always taking advantage of you instead of offering help when you need，you might need to distance yourself from them for a while. A true friend should want to give，but they shouldn't be forced to always give more than they get.
A. Let you down.
B. Take from you without giving back.
C. The people still standing beside you are your true friends
D. True friends never hold the unchangeable past against you.
E. True friends love and appreciate each other just the way they are.
F. A true friend，on the other hand，has your very best interests at heart.
G. However, you’ll soon realize that they aren’t the ones that tried to solve all your problems.
【答案】16. F 17. C
18. D 19. G
20. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一个真正的朋友决不会做的几件事。
【16题详解】
根据空后的“They would never do the following things.”可知，他们永远不会做下面的事情，这说明真正的朋友时刻以你的利益为重，故F项（另一方面，一个真正的朋友会把你最大的利益放在心上）符合语境。
【17题详解】
根据空前的“Seriously，when you come out the other side of a difficult period in your life, look around you.”可知，说真的，当你在困难时期的另一边出来的时候，看看你的周围，此处承接上文，说的是你发现了什么，故C项（站在你身边的人是你真正的朋友）符合语境。
【18题详解】
根据空后的“Instead，they help you repair your present and future.”可知，相反，他们会帮助你修整现在和将来，Instead表明此处会提到一种相反的做法，故D项（真正的朋友从不对你耿耿于怀）符合语境。
【19题详解】
根据空后的“True friends are the ones who sit silently with you when you need a moment to think.”可知，真正的朋友是那些在你需要思考的时候静静地和你坐在一起的人，故G项（然而，你很快就会意识到，他们并不是试图解决你所有的问题的人）符合语境。
【20题详解】
此处为本段主题句，根据每段主题句的句式特点和本段内容可知，本段讲的是真正的朋友决不会只从你身上索取而不知回报，故B项（从你身上索取而不回报）符合语境。
【点睛】段落主题句是七选五的常见考点，在解题过程中一定要注意段落主题句（通常为各段首句）的同构性，即每段的主题句都有相同的句式特点，例如本篇第5题，根据第二、三、四段的首句可知，每段的主题句都是五六个词的短句，再结合本段内容，特别是最后一句“A true friend should want to give，but they shouldn't be forced to always give more than they get.”可知，本段讲的是真正的朋友决不会只从你身上索取而不知回报，故B项（从你身上索取而不回报）符合语境。

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Last July, I booked a two-week adventure volunteering at a Thai elephant sanctuary (庇护所).
In preparation for my trip，I ___21___ weight training. I even visited an elephant keeper in a zoo and he told me the tourist elephants were the ones to ___22___ —they could be unpredictable and sometimes dangerous after years of___23___ they suffer at the hands of the tourism industry. Hardly surprising, I thought.
I flew to Bangkok and then headed to the___24___.The first day was exciting. I was ___25___ to my designated elephant by the mahout (驯象人），Boonsri and my tasks were ___26___.I tried to gain the elephant' s ___27___, feeding her bananas and riding on her back. The mahout ___28___me, showing me how to use my feet to___29___ her and teaching me the words to make her stop or___30___. Everything went quite well.___31___, I noticed the sharp bullhooks were still used by mahouts.
Day two followed the same___32___.But as we walked to the river at dusk, Boonsri wouldn't move. So the mahout hit her with the bullhook. And Boonsri began to shake her head___33___.On the third stroke (一击）she hit me on the shoulder, knocking me over. Before I could ___34___ the danger, her enormous foot was crushing my ___35___ . It felt like a truck was driving over me and I couldn't breathe at all.
I could only hear the ___36___ of the mahout. He helped to pull her foot off me and ___37___ my life. As Boonsri lifted her leg, I ___38___ free and was dragged to safety. I burst into tears with ___39___ .What a lucky escape!
In the following days，I stayed in hospital，thinking about a question：Why can these mild animals be so___40___ ? If we humans treat them more gently and kindly, maybe different.
21. A. carried on B. took up C. abandoned D. delayed
22. A. watch B. shoot C. protect D. buy
23. A. defeat B. loss C. failure D. abuse
24. A. zoo B. hotel C. sanctuary D. hospital
25. A. used B. introduced C. attached D. dragged
26. A. designed B. reported C. explained D. accomplished
27. A. sympathy B. forgiveness C. respect D. trust
28. A. accompanied B. greeted C. comforted D. blamed
29. A. touch B. control C. kick D. entertain
30. A. move on B. sing along C. turn up D. give in
31. A. Finally B. Naturally C. Unfortunately D. Normally
32. A. challenge B. pattern C. interest D. idea
33. A. happily B. slowly C. gently D. violently
34. A. recall B. ignore C. realize D. forget
35. A. chest B. head C. leg D. hand
36. A. whisper B. applause C. laughs D. yells
37. A. changed B. ruined C. saved D. improved
38. A. slipped B. rolled C. dived D. climbed
39. A. relief B. regret C. pride D. pity
40. A. sensitive B. disgusting C. fragile D. aggressive
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了我在泰国的大象庇护所做志愿者的时候被一只发怒的大象踩在脚下死里逃生的经历，我意识到如果人类能够善待动物，它们可能就不会这么具有攻击性。
【21题详解】
考查动词（短语）辨析。句意：为了准备这次旅行，我开始了负重训练。A. carried on继续；B. took up开始从事；C. abandoned放弃；D. delayed推迟。根据空前的“In preparation for my trip”可知，为了准备这次旅行，我开始进行负重训练，故B项正确。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我甚至拜访了动物园里的一位大象饲养员，他告诉我，旅游大象是值得一看的——它们可能是难以捉摸（情绪不定）的，有时甚至是危险的，因为它们在旅游业中遭受了多年的虐待。A. watch观看；B. shoot射击；C. protect保护；D. buy购买。上文说我要去泰国大象庇护所做志愿者，所以动物园里的一位大象饲养员告诉我，旅游大象是值得一看的，故A项正确。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. defeat击败；B. loss损失；C. failure失败；D. abuse虐待。根据常识可知，旅游大象要为游客表演节目和任人骑在背上或拉重东西，在训练过程中，大象会受到打骂之类的虐待，故D项正确。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我飞往曼谷，然后前往庇护所。A. zoo动物园；B. hotel宾馆；C. sanctuary庇护所；D. hospital医院。第一段说我要去泰国大象庇护所做志愿者，所以我前往庇护所，故C项正确。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：驯象师把我介绍给我指定的大象布恩斯里，并解释了我的工作。A. used使用；B. introduced介绍；C. attached附上；D. dragged拖拉。根据空后的“to my designated elephant by the mahout”可知，驯象师把我介绍给我指定的大象布恩斯里，故B项正确。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. designed设计；B. reported报道；C. explained解释；D. accomplished完成。我是去做志愿工作的，所以驯象师解释我的工作是什么，故C项正确。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试图赢得大象的信任，喂它香蕉，骑在它背上。A. sympathy同情；B. forgiveness原谅；C. respect尊敬；D. trust信任。根据空后的“feeding her bananas and riding on her back”可知，我试图通过喂它香蕉和骑在它背上来赢得大象的信任，故D项正确。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：驯象师陪着我，教我如何用脚控制大象，教我如何让它停下来或往前走。A. accompanied陪伴；B. greeted问候；C. comforted安慰；D. blamed责备。根据空后的“showing me how to use my feet”可知，驯象师陪着我，教我如何用脚控制大象，故A项正确。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. touch触碰；B. control控制；C. kick踢；D. entertain娱乐。根据常识和语境可知，驯象师教我如何用脚控制大象，故B项正确。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. move on往前走、前进；B. sing along一起唱；C. turn up出现；D. give in屈服。根据空前的“stop”可知，驯象师教我如何让大象停下来或往前走，故A项正确。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我注意到驯象师仍然使用锋利的牛钩。A. Finally最终；B. Naturally自然地；C. Unfortunately不幸的是；D. Normally正常地。根据空后的“I noticed the sharp bullhooks were still used by mahouts.”可知，我注意到驯象师仍然使用锋利的牛钩，这一点是非常不幸的，故C项正确。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天也是这样。A. challenge挑战；B. pattern模式；C. interest兴趣；D. idea想法。此处指第二天也和前一天的情况一样，驯象师仍然使用锋利的牛钩，故B项正确。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：布恩斯里开始猛烈地摇头。A. happily高兴地；B. slowly慢慢地；C. gently温柔地；D. violently猛烈地、用力地。受到鞭打，布恩斯里发怒了，开始猛烈地摇头，故D项正确。
34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还没来得及意识到危险，它那只大脚就把我的胸膛碾碎了。A. recall回忆；B. ignore忽视；C. realize意识到；D. forget忘记。根据空后的“the danger, her enormous foot was crushing my ___15___”可知，我还没来得及意识到危险，它那只大脚就踩在了我的胸膛上，故C项正确。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. chest胸；B. head头；C. leg腿；D. hand手。根据空后的“It felt like a truck was driving over me and I couldn't breathe at all.”可知，感觉就像一辆卡车从我身上碾过，我无法呼吸，由此可知，它的脚压在了我的胸上，故A项正确。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只能听到驯象师的喊声。A. whisper低语；B. applause掌声；C. laughs笑声；D. yells喊声、叫声。我被大象踩在脚下，驯象师一定是大声叫喊，所以我听到驯象师的喊声，故D项正确。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他帮忙把大象的脚从我身上挪开，救了我的命。A. changed改变；B. ruined摧毁；C. saved拯救；D. improved改进。根据空前的“He helped to pull her foot off me”可知，驯象师帮忙把大象的脚从我身上挪开，救了我的命，故C项正确。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在布恩斯里抬起腿的时候，我滚了出去，被拖到了安全的地方。A. slipped滑倒；B. rolled滚动；C. dived潜水；D. climbed爬。在布恩斯里抬起腿的时候，我从它的脚下滚了出去，故B项正确。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我如释重负地大哭起来。A. relief安慰、减轻；B. regret后悔；C. pride骄傲；D. pity可惜。从大象脚下死里逃生，我如释重负地大哭起来，故A项正确。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为什么这些温顺的动物会变得如此具有攻击性? A. sensitive敏感的；B. disgusting令人厌恶的；C. fragile脆弱的；D. aggressive有攻击性的。根据上文我被发怒的布恩斯里踩在脚下的情节可知，像大象这样温顺的动物变得十分具有攻击性，故D项正确。

第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Relay Event Brings Diverse Cultures Together
When Herman Kambugu received the good news he was expecting, he did something unusual. He ran for 32km in___41___(celebrate).Kambugu , who works for the Standard Chartered Bank (StanChart) in Uganda, was among the over 86,000 employees around the world who had attempted ___42___ (take) part in a relay across Belt and Road countries as a way to see how the Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路)is developing. Kambugu and seven more of his coworkers in StanChart’s offices around the world visited 44 destinations along the Belt and Road routes,___43___helped them understand the initiative better.
Kambugu ___44___(witness) how the Belt and Road Initiative is changing life for ___45___ better in East Africa so far, “The Mombasa-Nairobi Railway has not only shortened transportation time, but also created over 20,000 jobs for local people in Kenya，”he said. Serena Leung from the Hong Kong office said___46___ she had seen during her journey impressed ___47___ (she). In some places, people greeted them in Mandarin. They spoke it ___48___ (fluently) than some people from Hong Kong，she said jokingly.
“By running together, we run further，” added Therese Neo，a customer manager from the Singapore office. As she saw it, the countries ___49___ (participate) in the Belt and Road Initiative were like the ____50____ (runner). When they join forces, they have a better shared future.
【答案】41. celebration
42. to take
43. which 44. has witnessed
45. the 46. what
47. her 48. more fluently
49. participating
50. runners
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“一带一路”沿线国家接力赛跑让人们了解“一带一路”倡议的发展情况。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：他跑了32公里以示庆祝。作介词in的宾语用名词，故填celebration。
【42题详解】
考查不定式。句意：在乌干达渣打银行工作的坎布古是世界各地逾8.6万名员工中的一员，他们试图参加“一带一路”沿线国家的接力活动，以了解“一带一路”倡议的发展情况。attempt to do表示“试图去做”，故填to take。
【43题详解】
考查非限定性定语从句。句意：坎布古和渣打银行全球办公室的另外7名同事参观了“一带一路”沿线的44个目的地，这帮助他们更好地理解这一倡议。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代整个主句内容并在从句中作主语，故填which。
【44题详解】
考查时态。句意：坎布古见证了“一带一路”倡议迄今如何让东非人民的生活变得更好。此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，根据so far可知应该用现在完成时，故填has witnessed。
【45题详解】
考查定冠词。句意同上，change…for the better表示“让……变得更好”，故填the。
【46题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：香港办事处的梁淑芬说，她一路上所看到的景象给她留下了深刻的印象。此处为主语从句，从句中的seen缺少宾语，故填what。
【47题详解】
考查代词。句意同上，作动词impressed的宾语用宾格形式，故填her。
【48题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：他们的普通话说得比有些香港人还流利。“than”表明此处用副词比较级形式，故填more fluently。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在她看来，参与“一带一路”倡议的国家就像赛跑者一样。countries 与participate之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后置定语，故填participating。
【50题详解】
考查名词复数。句意同上，runner是可数名词，此处用复数表示泛指，故填runners。

第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线（\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My best friends Wang Bing，Liu Hong and I did voluntary work in our neighborhood in last summer. Every morning we would walk around, collected plastic bags, waste paper and cans. This usually took us about one and a half hour to do that. After that, we went to do some housework for the senior people who lived their own. In the afternoon we helped some children do their homework, so their parents were too busy to take care of themselves. Although we were a little tiring every day，yet we were proud of what we have done. We all felt really happily that we could do something meaningful.
【答案】第一处：删除in
第二处： collected→collecting
第三处： This →It
第四处：hour →hours
第五处：lived后加on
第六处： so→because
第七处： themselves→them
第八处： tiring→tired
第九处：have→had
第十处： happily→happy
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了去年夏天我和两个好朋友在社区做义工的经历。
【详解】第一处：考查介词。句意：去年夏天，我和我最好的朋友王冰、刘红在我们社区做义工。last summer作时间状语，前面不需要用介词，in是多余的，故删除in。
第二处：考查非谓语动词。句意：每天早上我们都会四处走走，捡塑料袋、废纸和食品罐。We与collect之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语，故collected改为collecting。
第三处：考查形式主语。句意：我们通常要花一个半小时来做这件事。分析句子结构可知此处用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，故This改为It。
第四处：考查名词复数。句意同上，one and a half修饰可数名词复数，故hour改为hours。
第五处：考查固定短语。句意：我们去为独自居住的老人做家务。on one’s own表示“独自”，故在lived后加on。
第六处：考查连词。句意：下午，我们帮助一些孩子做作业，因为他们的父母太忙，不能照顾他们。此处表示原因而不是结果，故so改为because。
第七处：考查代词。句意同上，此处指some children而不是父母自己，故themselves改为them。
第八处：考查形容词。句意：虽然我们每天都有些累，但我们为我们所做的感到自豪。修饰人用ed结尾的形容词，表示“感到……的”，故tiring改为tired。
第九处：考查时态。句意同上，此处表示的动作发生在were proud之前，也就是过去的过去，应该用过去完成时，故have改为had。
第十处：考查形容词。句意：我们都很高兴我们能做一些有意义的事情。作felt的表语用形容词，故happily改为happy。

第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.某中学生英文杂志正在开展以“My Holiday Plan”为主题的征文活动，请你写一篇英语短文投稿。除了学习计划外，请你再从所给的要点提示中选择两项，并阐述选择的理由。
要点提示:1.运动健身;2.学习乐器;3学做家务;4.社区服务;5.外出旅行。
注意:1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】In order to have a fulfilling and meaningful holiday, in addition to study, I am going to learn to play the guitar and exercise regularly. In my opinion, singing while playing the guitar is an extremely thing. It turns out that a versatile one is very popular among his classmates.
Besides, I think physical exercise is very vital, as it can not only keep us energetic, but also keep our mind active and study more efficiently.
I hope I can make full use of my holiday to accomplish my plan.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是开放性作文，要求写一个假期计划。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇书面表达要求写一个假期计划：某中学生英文杂志正在开展以“My Holiday Plan”为主题的征文活动，请你写一篇英语短文投稿。除了学习计划外，请你再从所给的要点提示中选择两项，并阐述选择的理由。要点提示:1.运动健身;2.学习乐器;3.学做家务;4.社区服务;5.外出旅行。时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如；fulfilling（充实的），meaningful（有意义的），regularly（有规律地），versatile（多才多艺的）， vital（重要的）及energetic（精力充沛的）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
本文内容完整，层次分明，结构紧凑，表达准确。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有in order to（为了），in addition to（除了），be popular among (在……中受欢迎)以及make full use of（充分利用），而且还使用了状语从句“In order to have a fulfilling and meaningful holiday, in addition to study, I am going to learn to play the guitar and exercise regularly.”及“I think physical exercise is very vital, as it can not only keep us energetic, but also keep our mind active and study more efficiently.”，宾语从句“I hope I can make full use of my holiday to accomplish my plan.”，形式主语“It turns out that a versatile one is very popular among his classmates.”，非谓语动词“In my opinion, singing while playing the guitar is an extremely thing.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。