2021高考英语一轮统考复习第一编Book2Unit4Cyberspace课时作业（含解析）北师大版 练习

Unit 4 CyberspaceⅠ.阅读理解A(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric (生物测量) technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e­spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low­cost device (装置) that gets around this problem：a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence (节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.In a study describing the technology,  the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic­like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。来自佐治亚理工学院的研究人员发明了一种智能键盘，可以通过分析用户的打字模式来判断该用户是不是安全访客。1．Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?A．To reduce pressure on keys.B．To improve accuracy in typing.C．To replace the password system.D．To cut the cost of e­space protection.答案：D　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句以及第二段第一句可推知，研究者研发这种智能键盘是为了降低网络安全保护技术的成本。故选D。2．What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible?A．Computers are much easier to operate.B．Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.C．Typing patterns vary from person to person.D．Data security measures are guaranteed.答案：C　推理判断题。题干问的是“是什么让智能键盘的发明成为可能”，也就是问这一发明的核心依据是什么。根据第二段中的“These patterns are unique to each person.Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities ...”可知，正是因为每个人的打字模式不同，这种智能键盘就可以通过分析用户的打字力度及节奏等来判断该用户是不是安全访客。故选C。3．What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard?A．It'll be environment­friendly.B．It'll reach consumers soon.C．It'll be made of plastics.D．It'll help speed up typing.答案：B　细节理解题。根据题干“研究者对于智能键盘有什么期望”可直接定位到最后一段的最后一句话“该团队希望在不久的将来将智能键盘推向市场”。故选B。4．Where is this text most likely from?A．A diary. B．A guidebook.C．A novel. D．A magazine.答案：D　推理判断题。根据本文的话题“智能键盘”以及第二段第一句中的“Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low­cost device ...”，尤其是其中的关键词“Researchers” “low­cost device”等来推断，本文是一篇科研类文章，最有可能出现在杂志上。故选D。B(2020·全国新高三开学联考) Slowly but surely, we're moving closer and closer to 5G world. From smart­home security to self­driving cars, all the internet­connected devices in our life will be able to talk to each other at lightning­fast speeds with reduced delay.  Objectively speaking, the fastest 4G download speeds in the US top out at an average of 19.42 Mbps. But by comparison 5G promises gigabit (千兆) speeds. “5G is one of those heralds (使者), along with artificial intelligence, of this coming data age，” said Steve Koenig,  senior director of market research for the Consumer Technology Association. “The self­driving vehicle is a great emblem of this data age,  and that is to say,  it is a sign of time,  because with one single task, driving, you have massive amounts of data coming from the vehicle itself, and a variety of sensors are collecting a lot of information to model its environment as it moves.  It's pulling in data from other vehicles about road conditions down the lane. It could be weather information, and also connected infrastructure  (基础设施)  construction.  There's lots of data behind that task,  which is why we need the high speed.And virtual reality glasses and headsets haven't yet broken the mainstream, but tech companies are joyfully betting that these devices will eventually replace our smartphones. With 5G, that could actually happen. This is notable because companies such as Apple are reportedly developing AR glasses to assist—or even replace—smartphones.Ericsson stated at February's Mobile World Congress how smart glasses could become faster and lighter with a 5G connection, because instead of being weighed down with components, the glasses could rely on hardware for processing power.But don't get too excited.  There's still a lot of work to be done in the meantime,  including various trials to make sure the radios play nicely with hardware and infrastructure construction so 5G isn't concentrated only in big cities.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。随着科技的不断发展，5G时代即将来临。它最大的优势就是上网速度大大加快。5．What is the first paragraph mainly about?A．A right security of 5G.B．The super speed of 5G.C．A potential dream of 5G.D．The present world of 5G.答案：B　段落大意题。首段先提出5G时代即将来临，接下来介绍5G上网下载的高速度，相比于目前的4G,5G有望达到千兆的上网速度。故首段的主要内容是介绍5G的超级速度。6．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “emblem” in Paragraph 2?A．Exhibition. B．Explanation.C．Sponsor. D．Symbol.答案：D　词义猜测题。该句意为“无人驾驶车辆是这个数字时代的伟大象征”；根据后面的补充解释“it is a sign of time”也可推知画线词是“象征”的意思。7．What do some tech companies expect of virtual reality glasses?A．They will be heavier than present ones.B．They will process power on their own.C．They will serve people instead of smartphones.D．They will bring a big fortune to tech companies.答案：C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“... but  tech companies are joyfully betting that these devices  will eventually replace our smartphones”可知，科技公司预计这些装置最终取代我们的手机。因此选C。8．What will the author tell us in the next paragraph?A．How to fully expand 5G coverage.B．How to effectively reduce 5G trials.C．How to nicely operate 5G hardware.D．How to widely construct 5G big cities.答案：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容，尤其是“... so 5G isn't concentrated only in big cities”可知，迎接5G时代的到来，我们还有很多的工作要做，其中就有升级其技术，让5G不仅仅是应用于大城市。故A项“扩大5G的覆盖率”符合接下来的叙述内容。Ⅱ.七选五(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. __1__ While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic (逻辑) of each to their particular circumstance.Do's•__2__ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus (教学大纲) and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.•Participate in discussion forums (论坛), blogs and other open­ended forums for dialogue. __3__ Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.Don'ts•Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. __4__•Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. __5__ When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.A．That's what they are for.B．Turn to an online instructor for help.C．If more information is needed, they will ask.D．Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.E．Below are some common do's and don'ts for online learners.F．Everyone has taken a not­so­great class at one time or another.G．Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在选修网络课程时如何与授课老师建立健康有益的互动交流。1．E　空格前句意：在网络课堂上，与授课老师建立健康的沟通模式是非常重要的；空格后句意：虽然“我”每个只列出了两条，但显然还有许多其他情况可能发生。下面的段落紧接着介绍了沟通的注意事项——两“做”和两“不做”，因此E项“下面是在线学习者应该做和不应该做的一些常见事情”符合语境。2．G　此空位于句首，是对段落的总结。空格后句意：与主题内容相关的问题通常会受欢迎。在询问有关课程设计的问题之前，阅读教学大纲和学习管理系统信息，以确保答案不会隐藏在眼皮底下。由此可推知，此段表达要提出好的有水平的问题，故G项“问问题，但要确保这些问题是好的、深思熟虑的问题”符合语境。3．A　上文建议参加论坛讨论、博客讨论和其他开放式讨论对话，举的这三个例子都是在线的讨论，并且可以帮助在线学习者，故A项“那就是它们的作用”符合语境。4．C　空格前句意：如果你需要延长最后期限，只需向授课老师解释一下情况，故C项“如果需要更多的信息，他们会询问”符合语境。5．F　空格前句意：不要公开表达对授课老师或课程的不满，由此可推知，后文应有对其不满的原因或具体说明，因此F项“每个人都曾经上过不太好的课”符合语境。Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·甘肃省会宁一中高三第一次月考)China, which takes pride in inventions in ancient times, has once again shown its __1__ (able) to change the world with its “new four great inventions”： high­speed railways, electronic payments, shared bicycles and online shopping. The “new four great inventions” are all related __2__ China's high­tech innovation (创新), __3__ improved the quality of people's lives. “My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat __4__ I want simply with a tap of my phone，” said Lin Jinlong, __5__ overseas Chinese student from Cambodia, __6__ (add) that “even pancake sellers are using Alipay (mobile payment). We can also order food at home, which is super convenient. If I __7__ (be) at home in Cambodia, I would have to go outdoors.”The bikes themselves are not new, but the operating model of bike­sharing is based on satellite navigation system, mobile payment, big data and other high technologies. It is __8__ (increase) clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas. This is partly because China skipped over the PC age and went directly to mobile. China has the __9__ (large) mobile use in the world.In terms of the “new four great inventions”， Charlie Dai, principal analyst of American market research company Forrester, said, “These products and services __10__ (improve) customer experience so far, improving national and global economy at the same time.”1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的“新四项发明”：高速铁路、电子支付、共享自行车和网上购物，以及它们对人们生活的影响。1．ability　考查词性转换。its后接名词形式，此处表示展示了改变世界的能力，故填ability。2．to　考查介词。be related to “与……有关”，固定用法，故填to。3．which　考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The “new four great inventions”，在从句中作主语，故填which。4．whatever/what　考查代词。根据句意“我可以仅仅按一下我的手机来购买我想买和想吃的东西”，在此用whatever/what引导宾语从句，在从句中作want的宾语，故填whatever/what。5．an　考查冠词。一个海外华裔学生，用来解释说明林金龙身份。overseas “海外的”，以元音音素开始，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。6．adding　考查非谓语动词。add与Lin Jinlong之间是主动关系，用动词－ing形式，故填adding。7．were　考查虚拟语气。If条件状语从句中与现在事实相反的情况用一般过去时态表示虚拟，如果是系动词be用were，故填were。8．increasingly　考查词性转换。这里用副词作状语，修饰形容词clear，故填increasingly。9．largest　考查形容词最高级。根据空格前的the可知此处用最高级形式，largest “最大的”，故填largest。10．have improved　考查动词的时态。句意：这些产品和服务到目前为止改善了客户体验，同时改善了国家和全球经济。由时间状语so far可知，用完成时态。根据全文信息可知，用现在完成时态，故填have improved。Ⅳ.书面表达(2019·福建省厦门市高三年级第一次质量检查)假定你是李华，你校英国交流生Jacob有意参加汉语水平口语考试，向你咨询有关信息。请你通过邮件向他推荐以下网站，并简要介绍网站上的相关信息，如考试方式、考试时间等。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：纸笔考试 paper­based test；网络考试 Internet­based test    [精彩范文]Dear Jacob，Knowing that you intend to assess your spoken Chinese, I'm writing to recommend you a website and I hope it can be of some help.www.chinesetest.cn is a website for HSKK—an official test for oral Chinese. It offers test­related information including date, registration and regulation. You can decide on the test date based on it. To take the test, you need to register both paper­based and Internet­based tests beforehand. Do remember not to miss the deadline, for they are different. To get a good result, keep on practicing. It'll help develop fluency of your Chinese. If you need any help, I'd love to provide further support. Wish you success!Yours, Li Hua