还剩14页未读，
继续阅读
山东省2020届高三下学期开学英语试题
展开
2019-2020学年山东省高三（下）开学英语试卷
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共4小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项．
1．（7.5分）Some of the greatest scientists of all time are women who have made important discoveries in a variety of fields in science． Several of their contributions throughout history are even more than men's contributions． Our list of the most famous female scientists below are organized in order of popularity so you can read about the advancements that they made． Marie Curie （1867﹣1934）
Famous For： Work on radioactivity
Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize and the only woman to win this award in two fields： Physics and Chemistry． She discovered polonium and radium and her work helped with the creation of X﹣rays．
Jane Goodall （1934）
Famous For： Primate （灵长类）studies
Jane Goodall is known world﹣wide for her groundbreaking studies on primates． She is considered as the top expert on chimps in the world and is perhaps best known for her 45﹣year study on the social lives of these animals in Tanzania．
Rita Levi﹣Montalcini （1909﹣2012）
Famous For： Nerve growth studies
Rita Levi﹣Montalcini was a neurologist （神经病学家）who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1986 for her findings in Nerve Growth Factor （NGF）． She was the first Nobel prize winner to live past her 100th birthday．
Lise Meitner （1878﹣1968）
Famous For： Work on radioactivity and nuclear physics
Lise Meitner was a key member of a group that discovered nuclear fission （裂变）． One of her colleagues， Otto Hahn， was given the Noble Prize for this work． That Meitner didn't get the award is considered to be a huge error by the Nobel committee．
（1）Who is still contributing to the world？
A． Marie Curie．
B． Jane Goodall．
C． Rita Levi﹣Montalcini．
D． Lise Meitner．
（2）What did Rita Levi﹣Montalcini reseach on？
A． Nerve growth．
B． The wildlife．
C． Nuclear explosion．
D． Radioactivity．
（3）What do we know about Lise Meitner？
A．She was awarded the Nobel Prize．
B．She made a big mistake in her work．
C．She did lots of studies about nerve growth．
D．She made great contributions to nuclear physics．
2．（10分）Knowing more about science than the average middle student， Caroline Crouchley， 13 ， of Garden City is a finalist in the 2019 3M Young Scientist Challenge． The annual competition tasks students in grades fifth to eighth with making a video tracing a unique solution to an everyday problem． Crouchley is one of 10 finalists chosen out of thousands of students this year．
After watching her brother enter the competition several years ago， Crouchley， who has always loved science， couldn't wait for her turn． In May， she submitted a two﹣minute video about her idea to the organizer to create growing methods of public transportation． When she found out she was a finalist in June， she couldn't believe it．
Crouchley's project was inspired by the construction she sees every day outside her window in Garden City， as well as the Long Island Railroad's recent expansion． She noticed transportation causes pollution in her community， and she was determined to find a way to stop it．
"Maybe one day， we can have better technology and find a way to help the environment，" Crouchley said． In her video， Crouchley explains that the use of fossil fuels let out by public transportation is a major cause of environmental problems． She believes technology that reduces the need for a diesel （柴油）engine or an electric motor is the solution． To show her idea in action， she designed a new type of train．
Crouchley created a computerized system design model for her train using an engineering program called Autodesk Inventor． She brought the train to life using a 3D printer， magnets （磁铁）and a solar﹣powered air compressor （压缩机）．Crouchley said it took a long time to develop her ideas and make the video． She had to work under deadlines， too， which she said was stressful．
（1）What's the competition about？
A． Solving daily problems．
B．Knowing about science．
C．Meeting personal curiosity．
D．Answering the question on science．
（2）Which can replace the underlined word "tracing" in paragraph 1？
A． arresting
B． overcoming
C． describing
D． accumulating
（3）What's the purpose of Crouchley's project？
A．To help protect the environment．
B．To invent a new kind of transportation．
C．To inspire teenagers to struggle for their dreams．
D．To find a solution to avoid using transportation．
（4）Which of the following best describes Crouchley？
A． Energetic．
B． Creative．
C． Humorous．
D． Demanding．
3．（10分）You might easily gain access to fresh fruit and vegetables， but this isn't the case in some parts of America． The U． S． has many areas that are considered as food deserts， which are defined as parts of the country short of fresh fruit， vegetables and other healthy food， usually found in poor areas．
Food deserts are urban areas where the nearest grocery store is more than 1 mile away， and rural areas where the nearest grocery store is more than 10 miles away． According to the USDA， 19 mil﹣lion Americans﹣or 6.2% of the population﹣live in places that can be considered as food deserts．
The issue isn't necessarily about the difference in cost between healthy and unhealthy foods in these areas but it's about a lack of access to healthy choices at all． And， with the lack of healthy food choices， these areas typically have a large supply of unhealthy foods sold at fast﹣food companies and convenience stores．
Eating unhealthy foods can lead to overweight， which puts people at risk for all kinds of major health issues， including high blood pressure， heart disease， and some cancers．
But some people， especially those who cannot afford a car， are stuck with eating what's readily available． In the case of food deserts， it's usually the type of food that can lead to over﹣ weight． Studies have shown that this is likely to be a problem in low﹣income areas． When money is not enough， people tend to buy foods that last longer and remove food waste， which is a waste of their limited income．
Lack of access is only one part of the problem， however． A study published in 2018 found that food inequality wasn't removed． The bigger issue was likely the lack of education and nutritional knowledge in these communities， which prevents people with lower incomes from understanding the benefits of healthy eating．
While overweight is a significant issue in these communities， the cost of unhealthy eating isn't just physical． A study found that 71 billion dollars in healthcare costs due to chronic diseases could be saved through healthier eating．
（1）What can we infer from the first two paragraphs？
A．6.2% of the Americans live in poor areas．
B．Some parts of the USA lack fresh vegetables．
C．Some people in America don't need fresh fruit．
D．People in the food deserts buy fresh vegetables easily．
（2）Why can fast﹣food companies sell large amounts of unhealthy food in the food deserts？
A．These areas are rich in unhealthy food materials．
B．Fast﹣food companies want to make a larger profit．
C．Healthy food choices are unavailable in these areas．
D．People in these areas prefer unhealthy food to healthy food．
（3）What do studies say about people in low﹣income areas？
A．They are less likely to have overweight problems．
B．They are delighted to prepare food for themselves．
C．They have to buy food that can be preserved longer．
D．They are used to eating food donated by food companies．
（4）What stops people from understanding healthy eating benefits in the food deserts？
A．Lack of government financial support．
B．Lack of knowledge of disease prevention．
C．Lack of social promotion of healthy eating．
D．Lack of education and knowledge in nutrition．
4．（10分）Rescuing victims from a burning building， a chemical spill， or any disaster that is inaccessible to human responders could one day be a task for adaptable robots． Imagine， for instance， rescue﹣robots rising up on two legs can bound through rubble （碎石），push aside a heavy obstacle， or break through a locked door．
Engineers are improving the design of four﹣legged robots and their ability to run， jump and even do back leaps． But getting two﹣legged， human﹣like robots to use force or push against something without falling has been a lion in the way．
Now engineers at MIT and the University of Illinois at Urbana﹣Champaign have developed a method to control balance in a two﹣legged， tele﹣operated robot﹣an essential step toward enabling a human﹣like to carry out high﹣impact tasks in challenging environments． The team's robot， physically resembling a machined body and two legs， is controlled remotely by a human operator wearing a vest that sends information about the human's motion and ground reaction forces to the robot． Through the vest， the human operator can direct and experience the robot's movements． If the robot is starting to tip over， the human feels the same pull on the vest and can adjust in a way to rebalance both himself and the robot．
In experiments with the robot to test this new balance feedback" approach， the researchers were able to remotely maintain the robot's balance as it jumped and walked in sync （同步）with its human operator．
"It's like running with a heavy backpack﹣you can feel how the dynamics （力）of the backpack move around you， and you can make up properly，" says Joao Ramos， who developed the approach as an MIT Postdoctor． "Now if you want to open a heavy door， the human can command the robot to throw its body at the door and push it open， without losing balance． "
（1）What's the function of the first paragraph？
A．Advertise a new robot．
B．Show the appearance of the robot．
C．Tell the principle of the two﹣legged robot．
D．Introduce the purpose of the two﹣legged robot．
（2）What is the trouble with human﹣like robots？
A．It's hard for them to do back leaps．
B．It's hard for them to keep their balance．
C．They can't push against anything hard．
D．They often fall down when meeting the lions．
（3）What is special about the robot research at MIT？
A．The tested robot's actions can be felt by the human operator．
B．The robot is tested in challenging environments．
C．The data on the tested robot is sent by phones．
D．The tested robot has a voice﹣control system．
（4）Which is the best title for the text？
A．The Strength of Two﹣legged Robot
B．The Development History of Robot
C．A New Four﹣legged Rescuing Robot
D．New Research on Two﹣legged Robot
第二节（共1小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．
5．（12.5分）Responsibility is an admirable character that makes life better for everyone around you． It isn't only about doing your homework or feeding the dog． （1） Showing responsibility isn't always easy， but practicing and making an effort will help you improve over time．
Think of the consequences before speaking or acting． Bad decisions often lead to a lot of new problems． Many times， you can avoid these problems by thinking about what you're about to do before you go through with it． Irresponsible people often make decisions without realizing how they are affecting others．（2）
Pause and reflect on your actions to see what you can do better． Take a time out to look back on what you have said or done， especially after a difficult decision． （3） Consider what goes right， what goes wrong， and what you can do differently next time．Use what you learn to become wiser and more responsible．
（4） If you're honest， people will believe you are a responsible person． Try to be as honest as possible． Lying leads to deeper holes in the long run， so admit when you do something wrong． This can be very tough to do at times， but it's something you can handle when you're a responsible person．
Apologize for any mistake you make． No one is perfect， and no matter how responsible you try to be， you might mess up sometimes． （5） If you hurt someone， tell them you are sorry and will do better next time．
A．Tell the truth to be honest with others．
B．Instead of hiding your mistakes， own them．
C．Find solutions for problems instead of blaming others．
D．It's also about making proper choices and doing what is right．
E．By reflecting， you give yourself a chance to make better decisions．
F．Avoid big lies hurting one's feelings if you want people to trust you．
G．Most decisions affect other people， so be responsible for your choices．
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节（共1小题；每小题15分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
6．（15分）Donna Hopkins has survived breast cancer twice and lost part of her left leg due to a serious disease． But none of those （1） has slowed her down． Actually， this lifelong （2） went on to become a competitive rower （划船手）一and now she is even （3） trying ice hockey （冰球）．
Hopkins was first diagnosed with breast cancer in 1997 after she found a lump （肿块） while she was sitting at work one day． She said， "I immediately called my primary （4） and scheduled an appointment． You can't wait around because if you act（5） ， the chances of your（6） are greater． " She had a treatment ， but two years later the （7） returned． She had a（n）（8） and has been cancer﹣free since， and advises others to make sure they （9） of their illness as much as possible．
Donna's doctor suggested she take up （10） even though she didn't know how to swim． "Rowing became the（11） that I needed to get me through a dark time，" she says．
Her faith and her（12） nature also assisted her in getting through those difficult times． "I don't like to（13） anything，" she laughs．
"You have one life to live． You've got to live it to the utmost． " she says． "I always tell people that I may have gone through some hard times that cannot be （14） ， but I think I'm a better person today （15） what I've gone through． "
（1）A．achievements
B．intentions
C．hardships
D． scenes
（2）A． athlete
B． coach
C． judge
D． captain
（3）A． giving up
B．thinking about
C．believing in
D．talking about
（4）A． professor
B．workmate
C． teacher
D． doctor
（5）A．immediately
B． seriously
C． naturally
D． hopefully
（6）A． working
B． travelling
C． living
D． showing
（7）A． cruelty
B． signal
C． shock
D． cancer
（8）A． operation
B． pressure
C．movement
D． loss
（9）A． remind
B． warn
C．approve
D． know
（10）A． jumping
B． rowing
C． running
D．swimming
（11）A． prejudice
B． alarm
C．medicine
D． sorrow
（12）A． curious
B．competitive
C． cautious
D．conservative
（13）A． classify
B． lose
C． hurt
D． bear
（14）A． predicted
B． stated
C．processed
D．possessed
（15）A．in need of
B．in case of
C．because of
D．instead of
第二节（共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式．
7．（15分）Father's Day originated to complement Mother's Day． It became a（1） （commerce） holiday in 1908．（2） （celebrate） at a church in West Virginia in that same year on July 5th， Father's Day was only a one time event and not set up as an annual holiday． It was not made （3） permanent national holiday until 1972．
A woman named Sonora Smart Dodd， one of six（4） （child） raised by her father after her mother died， began to launch a campaign for the holiday in 1909． She（5） （appeal） to churches， shopkeepers and public officials （6） （gain） support in her state． Sonora was successful and Washington became the first state to celebrate statewide Father's Day．
Despite early（7） （succeed） ， many attempts to make Father's Day a national holiday were met with resistance because Congress was concerned it would become commercialized． Retailers and advertisers pushed it（8） a "second Christmas" for men． When World War II began， advertisers wanted Father's Day to be a way to honor the troops （军队）（9） the war effort． This helped it gain popularity， and it was already a national institution by the time it （10） （declare） an official holiday by President Nixon in 1972． Our dads have been outfitted in fancy new ties every year since．
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分15分）第一节（满分15分）
8．（15分）假定你是李华，你校准备面向在华外籍高中生举办主题为"中文的魅力"的演讲比赛．请你给在你市国际学校就读的好友William发一封电子邮件，告知此事，并鼓励他参赛，内容包括：
1．介绍比赛相关内容（时间、地点、参加者等）；
2．比赛的要求（用中文演讲，时间不超过5分钟，内容积极向上）．
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
第二节（满分25分）
9．（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文．续写 的词数应为150左右．
I had never been more anxious in my life． I had just spent the last three endless hours trying to get to the airport so that I could travel home． Now， as I watched the bus driver set my luggage on the airport sidewalk， I realized that my anxiety had only just begun．
This was my first visit alone to the international terminal of the airport， and nothing was familiar． I couldn't make sense of any of the signs． Where was the check﹣in counter？ Where should I take my luggage？ I had no idea where to go， feeling as if I were deaf and blind and stupid． I began to panic． What time was it？ Where was my plane？ I had to find help because I couldn't be late!
I tried to ask a passing businessman for help， but my words all came out wrong． He just frowned and walked away． What had happened？ I had been in this country for a whole semester， and I couldn't even remember how to ask for directions． This was awful! Another bus arrived at the terminal， and the passengers came out carrying all sorts of luggage． Here was my chance! I could follow them to the right place， and I would not have to say a word．
I dragged my enormous suitcase behind me and followed the group． We finally reached the elevators． Oh， no! They all fit in it， but there was not enough room for me． I watched in despair as the elevator doors closed． I was abandoned again! I had no idea what to do next． I got on the elevator when it returned and stared at all the buttons． Which one could it be？ I pressed button 3， because I thought I saw those passengers pressed 3， though it was no more than a quick glance． The elevator slowly climbed up to the third floor and came to a stop． There were no check﹣in counters! I looked around shyly， only to find an elderly man standing at the corner． He was an airport employee．
2019-2020学年山东省高三（下）开学英语试卷
参考答案与试题解析
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共4小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项．
1．【解答】1． B． 细节理解题．根据每个人的简介"Marie Curie （1867﹣1934）"，" Jane Goodall （1934）"，"Rita Levi﹣Montalcini （1909﹣2012）"，" Lise Meitner （1878﹣1968）"可知现在只有 Jane Goodall （1934）还活着，其他几个都已经去世了，所以 Jane Goodall 还在为世界做着贡献．故选B．
2． A． 细节理解题．根据Rita Levi Montalcini（1909﹣2012年）部分" Famous For： Nerve growth studies著名的：神经生长研究"可知Rita Levi Montalcini研究的是神经生长研究．故选A．
3． D． 细节理解题．根据 Lise Meitner （1878﹣1968）部分"Famous For： Work on radioactivity and nuclear physics，Lise Meitner was a key member of a group that discovered nuclear fission （裂变）． One of her colleagues， Otto Hahn， was given the Noble Prize for this work． That Meitner didn't get the award is considered to be a huge error by the Nobel committee．著名的：放射性和核物理研究，莉丝•梅特纳是一个发现核裂变的组织的重要成员．她的一个同事奥托•哈恩因为这项工作获得了诺贝尔奖．梅特纳没有获奖被诺贝尔委员会认为是一个巨大的错误．"可知 Lise Meitner （1878﹣1968）她对核物理学做出了巨大贡献．故选D．
2．【解答】1．A．细节理解题．根据文章第一段 The annual competition tasks students in grades fifth to eighth with making a video tracing a unique solution to an everyday problem．一年一度的比赛要求五到八年级的学生制作一个视频追踪一个独特的解决日常问题的方法．可知 比赛是为了解决日常问题；故选A．
2．D．词义猜测题．根据文章第一段 The annual competition tasks students in grades fifth to eighth with making a video tracing a unique solution to an everyday problem．一年一度的比赛要求五到八年级的学生制作一个视频描述一个独特的解决日常问题的方法．可知意为描述；故选D．
3．B．细节理解题．根据文章第二段 In May， she submitted a two﹣minute video about her idea to the organizer to create growing methods of public transportation． 五月份，她向组织者提交了一个关于她的想法的两分钟视频，以创造越来越多的公共交通方法．可知克劳奇利计划的目的是发明一种新的交通工具；故选B．
4．B．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段Crouchley created a computerized system design model for her train using an engineering program called Autodesk Inventor．克劳奇利使用一个名为Autodesk Inventor的工程程序为她的火车创建了一个计算机化的系统设计模型．可知克劳奇利是有创意的；故选B．
3．【解答】1．C．推理判断题．从前两段我们能推断出 ．根据文章第一段总述，有些少有新鲜水果、蔬菜和其他健康食品的地方被称为"food desert"食物沙漠；第二段，在发达地区，到最近的杂货店的距离超过一英里，在偏远地区，到最近的杂货店的距离超过十英里，6.2%的美国人居住在"食物沙漠"地区；由此可知，美国有些人不需要新鲜水果（Some people in America don't need fresh fruit）．故选C．
2．C．理解判断题．根据第三段，这些地区的问题不在于健康食物和非健康食物的成本差异，而在于根本没有选择健康食物的机会．而且，由于缺乏选择健康的食物的机会，这些地区的快餐公司和convenience store（便利店）供应大量没有健康处理的食品．由此可知，这些地区没有健康的食物可供选择．故选C．
3．C．细节理解题．题干的意思是关于在‘食物沙漠'的低收入人群，有什么是我们了解的．根据文章第四段最后一句"When money is tight， people are more likely to buy food that lasts longer（当钱不富裕时，人们更倾向于购买贮存时间长的食物）"可知当人们手中的钱不足时，倾向于购买储存时间长的食物．由此可知，他们喜欢买贮存时间久的食物．故选C．
4．D．细节理解题．题干的意思是什么阻止了人们在食物沙漠中了解健康饮食的好处？根据文章第五段第一句和第二句"Lack of food is only one part of the problem， however． A study published in 2018 found that the bigger advantages is likely the lack of nutritional knowledge in there areas， which prevents people with lower income from understanding the davantages of healthy eating（然而，缺少食物只是问题的一方面．2018年发布的一项研究表明，更大的问题是这些地区缺少营养知识，这阻止了低收入人群了解健康饮食的好处．）"可知，更大的问题是这些地区 缺乏营养方面的教育和知识，这阻止了低收入人群了解健康饮食的好处．故选D．
4．【解答】1．D．细节理解题．根据文章第一段Rescuing victims from a burning building， a chemical spill， or any disaster that is inaccessible to human responders could one day be a task for adaptable robots．从燃烧的建筑物、化学品泄漏或任何人类救援人员无法到达的灾难中营救遇难者，总有一天会成为适应性强的机器人的一项任务．可知 第一段的作用是介绍双腿机器人的用途；故选D．
2．B．推理判断题．根据文章第二段But getting two﹣legged， human﹣like robots to use force or push against something without falling has been a lion in the way．但是让两条腿、像人一样的机器人在不摔倒的情况下用力或推动物体，已经成为一个障碍．可知问题是他们很难保持平衡；故选B．
3．A．细节理解题．根据文章第三段 Through the vest， the human operator can direct and experience the robot's movements． 通过背心，人操作人员可以指导和体验机器人的运动．可知 麻省理工学院的机器人研究的特别之处是被测试的机器人的动作能被操作者感觉到；故选A．
4．D．推理判断题．根据文章第三段 Now engineers at MIT and the University of Illinois at Urbana﹣Champaign have developed a method to control balance in a two﹣legged， tele﹣operated robot﹣an essential step toward enabling a human﹣like to carry out high﹣impact tasks in challenging environments．现在，麻省理工学院和伊利诺伊大学香槟分校的工程师们已经开发出一种在两腿遥控机器人中控制平衡的方法，这是朝着让人类在具有挑战性的环境中执行高冲击力任务迈出的重要一步．可知 这篇课文最好的标题是双腿机器人的新研究；故选D．
第二节（共1小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．
5．【解答】DGEAB
1．D． 推理判断题．根据前文 It isn't only about doing your homework or feeding the dog．它不仅仅是做家庭作业或喂狗．可知这也是做正确的选择和做正确的事；故选D
2．G． 推理判断题．根据前文Irresponsible people often make decisions without realizing how they are affecting others．不负责任的人往往在没有意识到他们是如何影响他人的情况下做出决定．可知大多数决定都会影响他人，所以要对自己的选择负责；故选G．
3．E． 推理判断题．根据前文Take a time out to look back on what you have said or done， especially after a difficult decision．花点时间回顾一下你所说或所做的，特别是在一个艰难的决定之后．可知 通过反思，你给了自己一个做出更好决定的机会；故选E．
4．A． 推理判断题．根据后文If you're honest， people will believe you are a responsible person．如果你诚实，人们会相信你是一个负责任的人．尽量诚实．可知要说实话要对别人诚实；故选A．
5．B． 推理判断题．根据前文Apologize for any mistake you make． No one is perfect， and no matter how responsible you try to be， you might mess up sometimes．为你犯的任何错误道歉．没有人是完美的，无论你多么负责任，你有时可能会陷入困境．可知 与其隐瞒错误，不如承认错误；故选B．
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节（共1小题；每小题15分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
6．【解答】1﹣5 CABDA 6﹣10 CDADB 11﹣15 CBBAC
（1）C．考查名词．此处意为：但这些困难都没有让她放慢脚步．A．achievements 成就；B．intentions 目的，意向，意图；C．hardships 困苦；D． scenes 场景．故选C．
（2）A．考查名词．根据句意可知，事实上，这位终身运动员后来成为了一名赛艇运动员．A． athlete 运动员；B． coach 教练；C． judge 法官，裁判员；D． captain 队长，首领；故选A．
（3）B．考查动词词组．此处意为"现在她甚至在考虑尝试冰球．"A． giving up 放弃；B．thinking about 思考；C．believing in 相信；D．talking about 谈论．故选B．
（4）D．考查名词．根据句意可知，她说："我立即打电话给我的主治医生，安排了一个预约．A． professor 教授；B．workmate 同事；C． teacher 教师；D． doctor 医生．故选D．
（5）A．考查副词．此处意为：你不能坐以待毙，因为如果你立即行动，你生存的机会就会更大．A．immediately 立即，马上；B． seriously 认真地；C． naturally 自然地；D． hopefully 有希望地，有前途地．故选A．
（6）C．考查动名词．根据句意可知，你不能坐以待毙，因为如果你立即行动，你生存的机会就会更大．A． working 工作；B． travelling 旅游；C． living 生存；D． showing 表演．故选C．
（7）D．考查名词．此处意为"但两年后癌症复发．"A． cruelty 残酷；残忍；B． signal 信号；C． shock 休克；D． cancer 癌症；故选D．
（8）A．考查名词．根据句意可知，她做了手术，从那以后就没有癌症了．A． operation 手术；B． pressure 压力；C．movement 运动；D． loss 亏损；故选A．
（9）D．考查动词．此处意为：建议其他人尽可能多地了解自己的病情．A． remind 提醒；B． warn 警告；C．approve 批准；D． know 了解；故选D．
（10）B．考查动词．根据后文Rowing became the（11）that I needed to get me through a dark time可知，此处意为：唐娜的医生建议她去划船，尽管她不会游泳．A． jumping 跳；B． rowing 划船；C． running 跑步；D．swimming 游泳．故选B．
（11）C．考查语境辨析．此处意为"划船成了我度过黑暗时期的良药．"A． prejudice 偏见；B． alarm 警觉；C．medicine 药；医学；D． sorrow 伤心．故选C．
（12）B．考查形容词．根据句意可知，她的信念和争强好胜的天性也帮助她度过了那些困难时期．A． curious 好奇的；B．competitive 竞争的，争强好胜的；C． cautious 谨慎的；D．conservative 保守的．故选B．
（13）B．考查动词．此处意为："我不想失去任何东西，"她笑着说．A． classify 分类；B． lose 失去；C． hurt 伤害；D． bear 忍受，承受；故选B．
（14）A．考查过去分词．根据句意可知，我总是告诉人们，我可能经历了一些无法预测的困难时期．A． predicted 预测；B． stated 规定；C．processed 加工；D．possessed 控制；故选A．
（15）C．考查词组．此处意为"但我认为我今天是一个更好的人，因为我所经历的．"A．in need of 需要；B．in case of 万一；C．because of 因为；D．instead of 代替；故选C．
第二节（共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式．
7．【解答】1．commercial．考查形容词，修饰名词，商业的节日，故填commercial．
2．Celebrated．考查过去分词，celebrate与Father's Day 是动宾关系，使用过去分词做状语，故填Celebrated．
3．a．考查冠词，表示泛指，成为一个永久的国家性的节日，故填a．
4．children．考查名词，根据one of six可知使用名词复数，故填children．
5．appealed．考查动词，appeal to：呼吁，请求，过去的动作使用一般过去时，故填appealed．
6．to gain．考查不定式，appeal to sb to do sth：呼吁某人做某事，to do做目的状语，故填to gain．
7．success．考查名词，despite引导让步状语，后面使用名词或者名词短语，故填success．
8．as．考查介词，把它作为第二个圣诞节，as：作为；故填as．
9．for．考查介词，这里引导原因状语，因为为战争所做的努力，故填for．
10．was declared．考查被动，主语是it，被宣布为，根据in 1972可知使用一般过去时，故填was declared．
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分15分）第一节（满分15分）
8．【解答】Dear William，
I am glad to inform you of the speech competition called The charm of Chinese held by our school， which is intended for foreign high school students in China． I advise you to attend it．（写信目的）
The competition will be this Saturday afternoon in the school hall． Those foreign students who study in China can take part in it． 【高分句型一】 （介绍比赛相关内容）
While in the competition， you should speak in Chinese． 【高分句型二】The time should be limited in five minutes． Be careful that the content of your speech should be positive．（比赛的要求）
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
9．【解答】Paragraph 1：
Tears formed in my eyes as I saw the empty hall and realized that I would miss my plane． Just then an elderly airport employee walked towards me from the corner． He saw that I was lost and asked if he could help in any way．（高分句型一） He gave me his handkerchief to dry my tears as I related my predicament． He smiled kindly， and patted my shoulder to ease my anxiety， before leading me down a long hallway． We walked up some stairs， turned a corner， and at last， there was the check﹣in counter! He led me past all the lines of people and pushed my luggage to the inspection counter（我在机场迷路差点误了飞机，焦急之际得到了一位机场员工的热切帮助，倍感感动）
Paragraph 2：
When I turned to thank him for all his help， he was gone． I never got an opportunity to know that kind man's name， but I would always remember his unexpected kindness． He helped me when I needed it most．（高分句型二） Without his timely help， I would have certainly missed my plane， I can only hope that one day I will be able to do the same for another traveler who is suffering through a terrible journey．（没机会当面道谢，决定将这种爱心传递下去）
日期：2020/6/8 20:30:31；用户：高中英语；邮箱：586927@xyh.com；学号：31825432
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共4小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项．
1．（7.5分）Some of the greatest scientists of all time are women who have made important discoveries in a variety of fields in science． Several of their contributions throughout history are even more than men's contributions． Our list of the most famous female scientists below are organized in order of popularity so you can read about the advancements that they made． Marie Curie （1867﹣1934）
Famous For： Work on radioactivity
Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize and the only woman to win this award in two fields： Physics and Chemistry． She discovered polonium and radium and her work helped with the creation of X﹣rays．
Jane Goodall （1934）
Famous For： Primate （灵长类）studies
Jane Goodall is known world﹣wide for her groundbreaking studies on primates． She is considered as the top expert on chimps in the world and is perhaps best known for her 45﹣year study on the social lives of these animals in Tanzania．
Rita Levi﹣Montalcini （1909﹣2012）
Famous For： Nerve growth studies
Rita Levi﹣Montalcini was a neurologist （神经病学家）who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1986 for her findings in Nerve Growth Factor （NGF）． She was the first Nobel prize winner to live past her 100th birthday．
Lise Meitner （1878﹣1968）
Famous For： Work on radioactivity and nuclear physics
Lise Meitner was a key member of a group that discovered nuclear fission （裂变）． One of her colleagues， Otto Hahn， was given the Noble Prize for this work． That Meitner didn't get the award is considered to be a huge error by the Nobel committee．
（1）Who is still contributing to the world？
A． Marie Curie．
B． Jane Goodall．
C． Rita Levi﹣Montalcini．
D． Lise Meitner．
（2）What did Rita Levi﹣Montalcini reseach on？
A． Nerve growth．
B． The wildlife．
C． Nuclear explosion．
D． Radioactivity．
（3）What do we know about Lise Meitner？
A．She was awarded the Nobel Prize．
B．She made a big mistake in her work．
C．She did lots of studies about nerve growth．
D．She made great contributions to nuclear physics．
2．（10分）Knowing more about science than the average middle student， Caroline Crouchley， 13 ， of Garden City is a finalist in the 2019 3M Young Scientist Challenge． The annual competition tasks students in grades fifth to eighth with making a video tracing a unique solution to an everyday problem． Crouchley is one of 10 finalists chosen out of thousands of students this year．
After watching her brother enter the competition several years ago， Crouchley， who has always loved science， couldn't wait for her turn． In May， she submitted a two﹣minute video about her idea to the organizer to create growing methods of public transportation． When she found out she was a finalist in June， she couldn't believe it．
Crouchley's project was inspired by the construction she sees every day outside her window in Garden City， as well as the Long Island Railroad's recent expansion． She noticed transportation causes pollution in her community， and she was determined to find a way to stop it．
"Maybe one day， we can have better technology and find a way to help the environment，" Crouchley said． In her video， Crouchley explains that the use of fossil fuels let out by public transportation is a major cause of environmental problems． She believes technology that reduces the need for a diesel （柴油）engine or an electric motor is the solution． To show her idea in action， she designed a new type of train．
Crouchley created a computerized system design model for her train using an engineering program called Autodesk Inventor． She brought the train to life using a 3D printer， magnets （磁铁）and a solar﹣powered air compressor （压缩机）．Crouchley said it took a long time to develop her ideas and make the video． She had to work under deadlines， too， which she said was stressful．
（1）What's the competition about？
A． Solving daily problems．
B．Knowing about science．
C．Meeting personal curiosity．
D．Answering the question on science．
（2）Which can replace the underlined word "tracing" in paragraph 1？
A． arresting
B． overcoming
C． describing
D． accumulating
（3）What's the purpose of Crouchley's project？
A．To help protect the environment．
B．To invent a new kind of transportation．
C．To inspire teenagers to struggle for their dreams．
D．To find a solution to avoid using transportation．
（4）Which of the following best describes Crouchley？
A． Energetic．
B． Creative．
C． Humorous．
D． Demanding．
3．（10分）You might easily gain access to fresh fruit and vegetables， but this isn't the case in some parts of America． The U． S． has many areas that are considered as food deserts， which are defined as parts of the country short of fresh fruit， vegetables and other healthy food， usually found in poor areas．
Food deserts are urban areas where the nearest grocery store is more than 1 mile away， and rural areas where the nearest grocery store is more than 10 miles away． According to the USDA， 19 mil﹣lion Americans﹣or 6.2% of the population﹣live in places that can be considered as food deserts．
The issue isn't necessarily about the difference in cost between healthy and unhealthy foods in these areas but it's about a lack of access to healthy choices at all． And， with the lack of healthy food choices， these areas typically have a large supply of unhealthy foods sold at fast﹣food companies and convenience stores．
Eating unhealthy foods can lead to overweight， which puts people at risk for all kinds of major health issues， including high blood pressure， heart disease， and some cancers．
But some people， especially those who cannot afford a car， are stuck with eating what's readily available． In the case of food deserts， it's usually the type of food that can lead to over﹣ weight． Studies have shown that this is likely to be a problem in low﹣income areas． When money is not enough， people tend to buy foods that last longer and remove food waste， which is a waste of their limited income．
Lack of access is only one part of the problem， however． A study published in 2018 found that food inequality wasn't removed． The bigger issue was likely the lack of education and nutritional knowledge in these communities， which prevents people with lower incomes from understanding the benefits of healthy eating．
While overweight is a significant issue in these communities， the cost of unhealthy eating isn't just physical． A study found that 71 billion dollars in healthcare costs due to chronic diseases could be saved through healthier eating．
（1）What can we infer from the first two paragraphs？
A．6.2% of the Americans live in poor areas．
B．Some parts of the USA lack fresh vegetables．
C．Some people in America don't need fresh fruit．
D．People in the food deserts buy fresh vegetables easily．
（2）Why can fast﹣food companies sell large amounts of unhealthy food in the food deserts？
A．These areas are rich in unhealthy food materials．
B．Fast﹣food companies want to make a larger profit．
C．Healthy food choices are unavailable in these areas．
D．People in these areas prefer unhealthy food to healthy food．
（3）What do studies say about people in low﹣income areas？
A．They are less likely to have overweight problems．
B．They are delighted to prepare food for themselves．
C．They have to buy food that can be preserved longer．
D．They are used to eating food donated by food companies．
（4）What stops people from understanding healthy eating benefits in the food deserts？
A．Lack of government financial support．
B．Lack of knowledge of disease prevention．
C．Lack of social promotion of healthy eating．
D．Lack of education and knowledge in nutrition．
4．（10分）Rescuing victims from a burning building， a chemical spill， or any disaster that is inaccessible to human responders could one day be a task for adaptable robots． Imagine， for instance， rescue﹣robots rising up on two legs can bound through rubble （碎石），push aside a heavy obstacle， or break through a locked door．
Engineers are improving the design of four﹣legged robots and their ability to run， jump and even do back leaps． But getting two﹣legged， human﹣like robots to use force or push against something without falling has been a lion in the way．
Now engineers at MIT and the University of Illinois at Urbana﹣Champaign have developed a method to control balance in a two﹣legged， tele﹣operated robot﹣an essential step toward enabling a human﹣like to carry out high﹣impact tasks in challenging environments． The team's robot， physically resembling a machined body and two legs， is controlled remotely by a human operator wearing a vest that sends information about the human's motion and ground reaction forces to the robot． Through the vest， the human operator can direct and experience the robot's movements． If the robot is starting to tip over， the human feels the same pull on the vest and can adjust in a way to rebalance both himself and the robot．
In experiments with the robot to test this new balance feedback" approach， the researchers were able to remotely maintain the robot's balance as it jumped and walked in sync （同步）with its human operator．
"It's like running with a heavy backpack﹣you can feel how the dynamics （力）of the backpack move around you， and you can make up properly，" says Joao Ramos， who developed the approach as an MIT Postdoctor． "Now if you want to open a heavy door， the human can command the robot to throw its body at the door and push it open， without losing balance． "
（1）What's the function of the first paragraph？
A．Advertise a new robot．
B．Show the appearance of the robot．
C．Tell the principle of the two﹣legged robot．
D．Introduce the purpose of the two﹣legged robot．
（2）What is the trouble with human﹣like robots？
A．It's hard for them to do back leaps．
B．It's hard for them to keep their balance．
C．They can't push against anything hard．
D．They often fall down when meeting the lions．
（3）What is special about the robot research at MIT？
A．The tested robot's actions can be felt by the human operator．
B．The robot is tested in challenging environments．
C．The data on the tested robot is sent by phones．
D．The tested robot has a voice﹣control system．
（4）Which is the best title for the text？
A．The Strength of Two﹣legged Robot
B．The Development History of Robot
C．A New Four﹣legged Rescuing Robot
D．New Research on Two﹣legged Robot
第二节（共1小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．
5．（12.5分）Responsibility is an admirable character that makes life better for everyone around you． It isn't only about doing your homework or feeding the dog． （1） Showing responsibility isn't always easy， but practicing and making an effort will help you improve over time．
Think of the consequences before speaking or acting． Bad decisions often lead to a lot of new problems． Many times， you can avoid these problems by thinking about what you're about to do before you go through with it． Irresponsible people often make decisions without realizing how they are affecting others．（2）
Pause and reflect on your actions to see what you can do better． Take a time out to look back on what you have said or done， especially after a difficult decision． （3） Consider what goes right， what goes wrong， and what you can do differently next time．Use what you learn to become wiser and more responsible．
（4） If you're honest， people will believe you are a responsible person． Try to be as honest as possible． Lying leads to deeper holes in the long run， so admit when you do something wrong． This can be very tough to do at times， but it's something you can handle when you're a responsible person．
Apologize for any mistake you make． No one is perfect， and no matter how responsible you try to be， you might mess up sometimes． （5） If you hurt someone， tell them you are sorry and will do better next time．
A．Tell the truth to be honest with others．
B．Instead of hiding your mistakes， own them．
C．Find solutions for problems instead of blaming others．
D．It's also about making proper choices and doing what is right．
E．By reflecting， you give yourself a chance to make better decisions．
F．Avoid big lies hurting one's feelings if you want people to trust you．
G．Most decisions affect other people， so be responsible for your choices．
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节（共1小题；每小题15分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
6．（15分）Donna Hopkins has survived breast cancer twice and lost part of her left leg due to a serious disease． But none of those （1） has slowed her down． Actually， this lifelong （2） went on to become a competitive rower （划船手）一and now she is even （3） trying ice hockey （冰球）．
Hopkins was first diagnosed with breast cancer in 1997 after she found a lump （肿块） while she was sitting at work one day． She said， "I immediately called my primary （4） and scheduled an appointment． You can't wait around because if you act（5） ， the chances of your（6） are greater． " She had a treatment ， but two years later the （7） returned． She had a（n）（8） and has been cancer﹣free since， and advises others to make sure they （9） of their illness as much as possible．
Donna's doctor suggested she take up （10） even though she didn't know how to swim． "Rowing became the（11） that I needed to get me through a dark time，" she says．
Her faith and her（12） nature also assisted her in getting through those difficult times． "I don't like to（13） anything，" she laughs．
"You have one life to live． You've got to live it to the utmost． " she says． "I always tell people that I may have gone through some hard times that cannot be （14） ， but I think I'm a better person today （15） what I've gone through． "
（1）A．achievements
B．intentions
C．hardships
D． scenes
（2）A． athlete
B． coach
C． judge
D． captain
（3）A． giving up
B．thinking about
C．believing in
D．talking about
（4）A． professor
B．workmate
C． teacher
D． doctor
（5）A．immediately
B． seriously
C． naturally
D． hopefully
（6）A． working
B． travelling
C． living
D． showing
（7）A． cruelty
B． signal
C． shock
D． cancer
（8）A． operation
B． pressure
C．movement
D． loss
（9）A． remind
B． warn
C．approve
D． know
（10）A． jumping
B． rowing
C． running
D．swimming
（11）A． prejudice
B． alarm
C．medicine
D． sorrow
（12）A． curious
B．competitive
C． cautious
D．conservative
（13）A． classify
B． lose
C． hurt
D． bear
（14）A． predicted
B． stated
C．processed
D．possessed
（15）A．in need of
B．in case of
C．because of
D．instead of
第二节（共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式．
7．（15分）Father's Day originated to complement Mother's Day． It became a（1） （commerce） holiday in 1908．（2） （celebrate） at a church in West Virginia in that same year on July 5th， Father's Day was only a one time event and not set up as an annual holiday． It was not made （3） permanent national holiday until 1972．
A woman named Sonora Smart Dodd， one of six（4） （child） raised by her father after her mother died， began to launch a campaign for the holiday in 1909． She（5） （appeal） to churches， shopkeepers and public officials （6） （gain） support in her state． Sonora was successful and Washington became the first state to celebrate statewide Father's Day．
Despite early（7） （succeed） ， many attempts to make Father's Day a national holiday were met with resistance because Congress was concerned it would become commercialized． Retailers and advertisers pushed it（8） a "second Christmas" for men． When World War II began， advertisers wanted Father's Day to be a way to honor the troops （军队）（9） the war effort． This helped it gain popularity， and it was already a national institution by the time it （10） （declare） an official holiday by President Nixon in 1972． Our dads have been outfitted in fancy new ties every year since．
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分15分）第一节（满分15分）
8．（15分）假定你是李华，你校准备面向在华外籍高中生举办主题为"中文的魅力"的演讲比赛．请你给在你市国际学校就读的好友William发一封电子邮件，告知此事，并鼓励他参赛，内容包括：
1．介绍比赛相关内容（时间、地点、参加者等）；
2．比赛的要求（用中文演讲，时间不超过5分钟，内容积极向上）．
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
第二节（满分25分）
9．（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文．续写 的词数应为150左右．
I had never been more anxious in my life． I had just spent the last three endless hours trying to get to the airport so that I could travel home． Now， as I watched the bus driver set my luggage on the airport sidewalk， I realized that my anxiety had only just begun．
This was my first visit alone to the international terminal of the airport， and nothing was familiar． I couldn't make sense of any of the signs． Where was the check﹣in counter？ Where should I take my luggage？ I had no idea where to go， feeling as if I were deaf and blind and stupid． I began to panic． What time was it？ Where was my plane？ I had to find help because I couldn't be late!
I tried to ask a passing businessman for help， but my words all came out wrong． He just frowned and walked away． What had happened？ I had been in this country for a whole semester， and I couldn't even remember how to ask for directions． This was awful! Another bus arrived at the terminal， and the passengers came out carrying all sorts of luggage． Here was my chance! I could follow them to the right place， and I would not have to say a word．
I dragged my enormous suitcase behind me and followed the group． We finally reached the elevators． Oh， no! They all fit in it， but there was not enough room for me． I watched in despair as the elevator doors closed． I was abandoned again! I had no idea what to do next． I got on the elevator when it returned and stared at all the buttons． Which one could it be？ I pressed button 3， because I thought I saw those passengers pressed 3， though it was no more than a quick glance． The elevator slowly climbed up to the third floor and came to a stop． There were no check﹣in counters! I looked around shyly， only to find an elderly man standing at the corner． He was an airport employee．
2019-2020学年山东省高三（下）开学英语试卷
参考答案与试题解析
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共4小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项．
1．【解答】1． B． 细节理解题．根据每个人的简介"Marie Curie （1867﹣1934）"，" Jane Goodall （1934）"，"Rita Levi﹣Montalcini （1909﹣2012）"，" Lise Meitner （1878﹣1968）"可知现在只有 Jane Goodall （1934）还活着，其他几个都已经去世了，所以 Jane Goodall 还在为世界做着贡献．故选B．
2． A． 细节理解题．根据Rita Levi Montalcini（1909﹣2012年）部分" Famous For： Nerve growth studies著名的：神经生长研究"可知Rita Levi Montalcini研究的是神经生长研究．故选A．
3． D． 细节理解题．根据 Lise Meitner （1878﹣1968）部分"Famous For： Work on radioactivity and nuclear physics，Lise Meitner was a key member of a group that discovered nuclear fission （裂变）． One of her colleagues， Otto Hahn， was given the Noble Prize for this work． That Meitner didn't get the award is considered to be a huge error by the Nobel committee．著名的：放射性和核物理研究，莉丝•梅特纳是一个发现核裂变的组织的重要成员．她的一个同事奥托•哈恩因为这项工作获得了诺贝尔奖．梅特纳没有获奖被诺贝尔委员会认为是一个巨大的错误．"可知 Lise Meitner （1878﹣1968）她对核物理学做出了巨大贡献．故选D．
2．【解答】1．A．细节理解题．根据文章第一段 The annual competition tasks students in grades fifth to eighth with making a video tracing a unique solution to an everyday problem．一年一度的比赛要求五到八年级的学生制作一个视频追踪一个独特的解决日常问题的方法．可知 比赛是为了解决日常问题；故选A．
2．D．词义猜测题．根据文章第一段 The annual competition tasks students in grades fifth to eighth with making a video tracing a unique solution to an everyday problem．一年一度的比赛要求五到八年级的学生制作一个视频描述一个独特的解决日常问题的方法．可知意为描述；故选D．
3．B．细节理解题．根据文章第二段 In May， she submitted a two﹣minute video about her idea to the organizer to create growing methods of public transportation． 五月份，她向组织者提交了一个关于她的想法的两分钟视频，以创造越来越多的公共交通方法．可知克劳奇利计划的目的是发明一种新的交通工具；故选B．
4．B．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段Crouchley created a computerized system design model for her train using an engineering program called Autodesk Inventor．克劳奇利使用一个名为Autodesk Inventor的工程程序为她的火车创建了一个计算机化的系统设计模型．可知克劳奇利是有创意的；故选B．
3．【解答】1．C．推理判断题．从前两段我们能推断出 ．根据文章第一段总述，有些少有新鲜水果、蔬菜和其他健康食品的地方被称为"food desert"食物沙漠；第二段，在发达地区，到最近的杂货店的距离超过一英里，在偏远地区，到最近的杂货店的距离超过十英里，6.2%的美国人居住在"食物沙漠"地区；由此可知，美国有些人不需要新鲜水果（Some people in America don't need fresh fruit）．故选C．
2．C．理解判断题．根据第三段，这些地区的问题不在于健康食物和非健康食物的成本差异，而在于根本没有选择健康食物的机会．而且，由于缺乏选择健康的食物的机会，这些地区的快餐公司和convenience store（便利店）供应大量没有健康处理的食品．由此可知，这些地区没有健康的食物可供选择．故选C．
3．C．细节理解题．题干的意思是关于在‘食物沙漠'的低收入人群，有什么是我们了解的．根据文章第四段最后一句"When money is tight， people are more likely to buy food that lasts longer（当钱不富裕时，人们更倾向于购买贮存时间长的食物）"可知当人们手中的钱不足时，倾向于购买储存时间长的食物．由此可知，他们喜欢买贮存时间久的食物．故选C．
4．D．细节理解题．题干的意思是什么阻止了人们在食物沙漠中了解健康饮食的好处？根据文章第五段第一句和第二句"Lack of food is only one part of the problem， however． A study published in 2018 found that the bigger advantages is likely the lack of nutritional knowledge in there areas， which prevents people with lower income from understanding the davantages of healthy eating（然而，缺少食物只是问题的一方面．2018年发布的一项研究表明，更大的问题是这些地区缺少营养知识，这阻止了低收入人群了解健康饮食的好处．）"可知，更大的问题是这些地区 缺乏营养方面的教育和知识，这阻止了低收入人群了解健康饮食的好处．故选D．
4．【解答】1．D．细节理解题．根据文章第一段Rescuing victims from a burning building， a chemical spill， or any disaster that is inaccessible to human responders could one day be a task for adaptable robots．从燃烧的建筑物、化学品泄漏或任何人类救援人员无法到达的灾难中营救遇难者，总有一天会成为适应性强的机器人的一项任务．可知 第一段的作用是介绍双腿机器人的用途；故选D．
2．B．推理判断题．根据文章第二段But getting two﹣legged， human﹣like robots to use force or push against something without falling has been a lion in the way．但是让两条腿、像人一样的机器人在不摔倒的情况下用力或推动物体，已经成为一个障碍．可知问题是他们很难保持平衡；故选B．
3．A．细节理解题．根据文章第三段 Through the vest， the human operator can direct and experience the robot's movements． 通过背心，人操作人员可以指导和体验机器人的运动．可知 麻省理工学院的机器人研究的特别之处是被测试的机器人的动作能被操作者感觉到；故选A．
4．D．推理判断题．根据文章第三段 Now engineers at MIT and the University of Illinois at Urbana﹣Champaign have developed a method to control balance in a two﹣legged， tele﹣operated robot﹣an essential step toward enabling a human﹣like to carry out high﹣impact tasks in challenging environments．现在，麻省理工学院和伊利诺伊大学香槟分校的工程师们已经开发出一种在两腿遥控机器人中控制平衡的方法，这是朝着让人类在具有挑战性的环境中执行高冲击力任务迈出的重要一步．可知 这篇课文最好的标题是双腿机器人的新研究；故选D．
第二节（共1小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．
5．【解答】DGEAB
1．D． 推理判断题．根据前文 It isn't only about doing your homework or feeding the dog．它不仅仅是做家庭作业或喂狗．可知这也是做正确的选择和做正确的事；故选D
2．G． 推理判断题．根据前文Irresponsible people often make decisions without realizing how they are affecting others．不负责任的人往往在没有意识到他们是如何影响他人的情况下做出决定．可知大多数决定都会影响他人，所以要对自己的选择负责；故选G．
3．E． 推理判断题．根据前文Take a time out to look back on what you have said or done， especially after a difficult decision．花点时间回顾一下你所说或所做的，特别是在一个艰难的决定之后．可知 通过反思，你给了自己一个做出更好决定的机会；故选E．
4．A． 推理判断题．根据后文If you're honest， people will believe you are a responsible person．如果你诚实，人们会相信你是一个负责任的人．尽量诚实．可知要说实话要对别人诚实；故选A．
5．B． 推理判断题．根据前文Apologize for any mistake you make． No one is perfect， and no matter how responsible you try to be， you might mess up sometimes．为你犯的任何错误道歉．没有人是完美的，无论你多么负责任，你有时可能会陷入困境．可知 与其隐瞒错误，不如承认错误；故选B．
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节（共1小题；每小题15分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
6．【解答】1﹣5 CABDA 6﹣10 CDADB 11﹣15 CBBAC
（1）C．考查名词．此处意为：但这些困难都没有让她放慢脚步．A．achievements 成就；B．intentions 目的，意向，意图；C．hardships 困苦；D． scenes 场景．故选C．
（2）A．考查名词．根据句意可知，事实上，这位终身运动员后来成为了一名赛艇运动员．A． athlete 运动员；B． coach 教练；C． judge 法官，裁判员；D． captain 队长，首领；故选A．
（3）B．考查动词词组．此处意为"现在她甚至在考虑尝试冰球．"A． giving up 放弃；B．thinking about 思考；C．believing in 相信；D．talking about 谈论．故选B．
（4）D．考查名词．根据句意可知，她说："我立即打电话给我的主治医生，安排了一个预约．A． professor 教授；B．workmate 同事；C． teacher 教师；D． doctor 医生．故选D．
（5）A．考查副词．此处意为：你不能坐以待毙，因为如果你立即行动，你生存的机会就会更大．A．immediately 立即，马上；B． seriously 认真地；C． naturally 自然地；D． hopefully 有希望地，有前途地．故选A．
（6）C．考查动名词．根据句意可知，你不能坐以待毙，因为如果你立即行动，你生存的机会就会更大．A． working 工作；B． travelling 旅游；C． living 生存；D． showing 表演．故选C．
（7）D．考查名词．此处意为"但两年后癌症复发．"A． cruelty 残酷；残忍；B． signal 信号；C． shock 休克；D． cancer 癌症；故选D．
（8）A．考查名词．根据句意可知，她做了手术，从那以后就没有癌症了．A． operation 手术；B． pressure 压力；C．movement 运动；D． loss 亏损；故选A．
（9）D．考查动词．此处意为：建议其他人尽可能多地了解自己的病情．A． remind 提醒；B． warn 警告；C．approve 批准；D． know 了解；故选D．
（10）B．考查动词．根据后文Rowing became the（11）that I needed to get me through a dark time可知，此处意为：唐娜的医生建议她去划船，尽管她不会游泳．A． jumping 跳；B． rowing 划船；C． running 跑步；D．swimming 游泳．故选B．
（11）C．考查语境辨析．此处意为"划船成了我度过黑暗时期的良药．"A． prejudice 偏见；B． alarm 警觉；C．medicine 药；医学；D． sorrow 伤心．故选C．
（12）B．考查形容词．根据句意可知，她的信念和争强好胜的天性也帮助她度过了那些困难时期．A． curious 好奇的；B．competitive 竞争的，争强好胜的；C． cautious 谨慎的；D．conservative 保守的．故选B．
（13）B．考查动词．此处意为："我不想失去任何东西，"她笑着说．A． classify 分类；B． lose 失去；C． hurt 伤害；D． bear 忍受，承受；故选B．
（14）A．考查过去分词．根据句意可知，我总是告诉人们，我可能经历了一些无法预测的困难时期．A． predicted 预测；B． stated 规定；C．processed 加工；D．possessed 控制；故选A．
（15）C．考查词组．此处意为"但我认为我今天是一个更好的人，因为我所经历的．"A．in need of 需要；B．in case of 万一；C．because of 因为；D．instead of 代替；故选C．
第二节（共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式．
7．【解答】1．commercial．考查形容词，修饰名词，商业的节日，故填commercial．
2．Celebrated．考查过去分词，celebrate与Father's Day 是动宾关系，使用过去分词做状语，故填Celebrated．
3．a．考查冠词，表示泛指，成为一个永久的国家性的节日，故填a．
4．children．考查名词，根据one of six可知使用名词复数，故填children．
5．appealed．考查动词，appeal to：呼吁，请求，过去的动作使用一般过去时，故填appealed．
6．to gain．考查不定式，appeal to sb to do sth：呼吁某人做某事，to do做目的状语，故填to gain．
7．success．考查名词，despite引导让步状语，后面使用名词或者名词短语，故填success．
8．as．考查介词，把它作为第二个圣诞节，as：作为；故填as．
9．for．考查介词，这里引导原因状语，因为为战争所做的努力，故填for．
10．was declared．考查被动，主语是it，被宣布为，根据in 1972可知使用一般过去时，故填was declared．
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分15分）第一节（满分15分）
8．【解答】Dear William，
I am glad to inform you of the speech competition called The charm of Chinese held by our school， which is intended for foreign high school students in China． I advise you to attend it．（写信目的）
The competition will be this Saturday afternoon in the school hall． Those foreign students who study in China can take part in it． 【高分句型一】 （介绍比赛相关内容）
While in the competition， you should speak in Chinese． 【高分句型二】The time should be limited in five minutes． Be careful that the content of your speech should be positive．（比赛的要求）
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
9．【解答】Paragraph 1：
Tears formed in my eyes as I saw the empty hall and realized that I would miss my plane． Just then an elderly airport employee walked towards me from the corner． He saw that I was lost and asked if he could help in any way．（高分句型一） He gave me his handkerchief to dry my tears as I related my predicament． He smiled kindly， and patted my shoulder to ease my anxiety， before leading me down a long hallway． We walked up some stairs， turned a corner， and at last， there was the check﹣in counter! He led me past all the lines of people and pushed my luggage to the inspection counter（我在机场迷路差点误了飞机，焦急之际得到了一位机场员工的热切帮助，倍感感动）
Paragraph 2：
When I turned to thank him for all his help， he was gone． I never got an opportunity to know that kind man's name， but I would always remember his unexpected kindness． He helped me when I needed it most．（高分句型二） Without his timely help， I would have certainly missed my plane， I can only hope that one day I will be able to do the same for another traveler who is suffering through a terrible journey．（没机会当面道谢，决定将这种爱心传递下去）
日期：2020/6/8 20:30:31；用户：高中英语；邮箱：586927@xyh.com；学号：31825432
相关资料
更多
