天津市红桥区2020届高三模拟考试英语试题

高三英语
（共分II卷，满分130分，考试时间100分钟）
第I卷 （满分95分）
第一部分：英语知识运用（满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15个小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.—I have just made great progress in learning to drive.
—______!
A. How lucky B. You bet C. Cheer up D. Keep it up
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我在学习驾驶方面取得了很大的进步。——继续保持下去！A. How lucky多么幸运；B. You bet当然；C. Cheer up高兴起来；D. Keep it up保持优秀成绩，继续下去。上文说“在学习驾驶方面取得了很大的进步”，应回答“继续保持这种进步（Keep it up）”更符合语境。故选D。
2.Wild animals in nature reserves need to develop their survival skills and their wild nature.
A. display B. possess
C. maintain D. monitor
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自然保护区的野生动物需要发展他们的生存技能，保持他们的野生本性。A. display表现；B. possess拥有；C. maintain保持；D. monitor监控。根据句意故应选maintain，表示“保持”。选C。
3.he law is equally applied to everyone. No one _______ be above it.
A. shall B. must
C. may D. need
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：法律面前人人平等。没有人能凌驾于法律之上。A. shall用于第二、第三人称，则含有命令、警告、允诺或威胁的语气。B. must（必须，一定）用于肯定句。C. may（可以，能够）表允许时一般不与第三人称连用。D. need (表示没有必要或询问是否有必要) 需要；故选A。
4.— How could they misunderstand me like that?
—Just keep silent! It’s the best way to let them know they you wrong.
A. do B. did
C. are doing D. had done
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：-他们怎么能那样误解我呢?- 保持沉默!这是让他们知道他们做错了你的最好方式。根据how could可知这件事情发生在过去，所以用 did you wrong来表示过去他们错怪了你。故选B。
5.---Even if we have had advanced technology, we can’t bring dinosaurs back to life.
---______. They died out long ago and their DNA was already destroyed.
A. That’s it B. That’s all right C. It depends D. It’s up to you
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：---即使我们有了先进的技术，我们也无法让恐龙复活。---就是这样！它们很久以前就灭绝了，它们的DNA已经被破坏了。A. That’s it.就是这样。B. That’s all right.没关系。C. It depends.视情况而定。D. It’s up to you.由你来定。根据下文可知，恐龙无法复活了，因此推断同意前文说的，认为就那样了。故选A项。
【点睛】交际用语题，要注意上下文的语境，根据上下文表达的意思选出正确的选项。比如该题，句意：---即使我们有了先进的技术，我们也无法让恐龙复活。
---就是这样！它们很久以前就灭绝了，它们的DNA已经被破坏了。A. That’s it.意为：是的；就是这样。B. That’s all right. 意为：没关系。C. It depends. 意为：视情况而定。 D. It’s up to you. 意为：由你来定。根据句意，故选A项。

6.Mary is very ______ towards her colleagues in the company, so they are willing to cooperate with her.
A. sensitive B. considerate C. thankful D. aggressive
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mary对公司的同事很体贴，所以他们都愿意与她合作。A. sensitive敏感的；B. considerate体贴的；C. thankful感谢的；D. aggressive好斗的。结合后文so they are willing to cooperate with her.可推知Mary对同事很体贴（considerate），所以他们都愿意与她合作。故选B。
7.The habit of writing down information enables people to memorise, to ______ and to process it, helping to learn new knowledge.
A. raise B. predict C. combine D. present
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：写下信息的习惯能使人们记忆、组合和处理信息，有助于学习新知识。A. raise养育；B. predict预测；C. combine组合；D. present颁发，提出。结合后文and to process it, helping to learn new knowledge.可知此处指写下信息的习惯能使人们记忆、组合（combine）和处理信息，有助于学习新知识。故选C。
8.The eco-friendly water bottles are easy to ______, which causes no harm to the environment.
A. break down B. burn out C. burst out D. put down
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：环保水瓶容易分解，对环境没有危害。A. break down分解，发生故障；B. burn out烧坏；C. burst out突发，摆脱；D. put down放下。根据后文which causes no harm to the environment.可推知此处指环保水瓶容易分解（break down），对环境没有危害。故选A。
9.Cambridge gave a positive answer ______ inquiries on whether it recognizes gaokao scores.
A. in favor of B. in response to
C. in salute to D. in preparation for
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：剑桥大学在回答是否承认高考分数的问题时给出了肯定的回答。A. in favor of赞成；B. in response to回应；C. in salute to向……致敬；D. in preparation for准备。根据空前的gave a positive answer(给出了肯定的回答)及空后的inquiries on whether it recognizes gaokao scores(是否承认高考分数的询问)可知空前的回答是对空后的询问的回应。in response to意为“回应”，符合语境。故选B项。
10.______ some users of the smart watches for two years, they draw a conclusion that it is necessary to renew the software.
A. Following B. To follow C. Followed D. Having followed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态及非谓语动词。句意：在对一些智能手表用户进行了两年的跟踪调查后，他们得出结论：有必要更新该软件。follow some users of the smart watches(对一些智能手表用户进行跟踪调查)这件事发生在draw a conclusion(得出结论)之前，因此要使用现在完成时，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成，对现在造成的影响。又因为follow(跟踪)在句中作非谓语，这个动作与其逻辑主语they之间是主动关系，因此使用have followed的现在分词形式。故填Having followed。故选D项。
【点睛】非谓语动词，又叫非限定动词，非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词的非谓语形式。判断题中非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是什么关系，如本题中follow(跟踪)这个动作与其逻辑主语they之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。
11.What worried me was that the baby who ______ his mother during his birth was still in ICU.
A. Loses B. lost C. has lost D. had lost
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：令我担心的是，在出生时失去母亲的那个婴儿仍在重症监护室。What worried me was(令我担忧的是)使用的是一般过去时，判断“在出生时失去了母亲”这件事发生在“担忧”这个动作之前，表示过去的过去要用过去完成时，由had加过去分词构成。故选D项。
12.With the number of homecoming overseas students ________ up in recent years, the attraction of foreign degree holders has gradually faded.
A. shot B. being shot
C. shooting D. to shoot
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定用法。句意：近年来，由于归国留学生人数的激增，外国学位持有者的吸引力逐渐减弱。本句为with的复合结构，shoot与overseas students构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作原因状语，故选C。
13.We live in this society now ________ literally someone is always helping.
A. when B. where
C. that D. what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句连接词。句意：我们现在生活在这样一个确实有人一直在帮助我们的社会里。本句为定语从句修饰先行词the society，且先行词在定语从句中做地点状语，故用where相当于 in which。故选B。
14.People crowd into ________ cherry trees are blooming, appreciating the fresh spring sight.
A. what B. when
C. which D. where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：人们涌向樱花盛开的地方，欣赏清新的春光。从句做介词into的宾语，且从句缺少地点状语。A. what什么；B. when什么时候；C. which哪一个；D. where哪儿。故选D。
【点睛】名词性从句中引导词的确定要根据从句的句子类型，如果从句是陈述句，引导词为 that，如从句是一般疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句，则引导词为if 或whether，如果从句是特殊疑问句就用它原来的疑问代词或疑问副词作为引导词。本题做题步骤①分析主句People crowd into…可知，本题考查宾语从句。②分析从句cherry trees are blooming不缺主语或宾语，那就不能填关系代词。③再根据翻译确定关系副词。
15.______ you lose in life, don’t lose faith and hope, with which you can live a happy life and achieve your goals.
A. Whenever B. Wherever C. Whatever D. Whoever
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句连接词。句意：生活中无论失去什么，都不要失去信念和希望，有了信念和希望，你就能过上幸福的生活，实现你的目标。A. Whenever无论何时；B. Wherever无论在哪里；C. Whatever无论什么；D. Whoever无论谁。此处为让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用whatever引导，相当于no matter what。故选C。
第二节：完型填空（共20个小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The most destructive(破坏性的)wildfire in California’s history started on Nov 8, 2018, ___16___ by bad electrical cables(电缆)in the town of Paradise. It burned for 17 days and caused $16.5 billion in ___17___, destroying nearly 19,000 buildings, killing 85 people and leaving 50,000 others homeless. Paradise was ___18___ a paradise(乐土).
Shane Grammer grew up 15 miles away in Chico, and he ___19___ the news of the fire’s deadly path from his home in Los Angeles. The 47-year-old father of three works as a creative director for Disney’s theme parks. Grammer still has ___20___ in the Paradise area. When his childhood buddy, Shane Edwards, posted pictures of his white chimney ― the only part of his house to ___21___ ― Grammer felt helpless. And then he had a(n)___22___.
“I’ve got to paint that ___23___,” he told Inside Edition. “It was an opportunity for me to express myself and be a(n)___24___.
On Dec 31, Grammer ___25___ three hours painting a beautifully sad black-and-white image(画像)of a woman on the chimney — a reminder, perhaps, of the ___26___ of life, or even just of life itself.
Grammer ___27___ the image on Instagram. The victims(受害者)）of the fire, especially, had ___28___ feelings. “You bring beauty and hope,” one said.
___29___, Grammer realized that his artistic expression had ___30___ into something deeper, the hallmark(特征)of true art. Over a period of three months he returned eight times, ___31___ 17 pictures of victims and mythical(神话里的)heroes on walls, pickup trucks, and ruined buildings. “There is___32___,” he explains. “There is beauty in the ashes.”
Grammer’s work in Paradise has become a bigger ___33___. He has traveled the world painting big pictures in ___34___ places that needed some light: a home for orphans(孤儿)in Tijuana, Mexico; a youth center in San Francisco. “I want to do something powerful and create art that ___35___ people,” he says.
16. A. turned down B. put forward C. brought about D. broke out
17. A. damage B. use C. waste D. question
18. A. as usual B. at last C. once again D. no longer
19. A. made B. followed C. ignored D. missed
20. A. students B. co-workers C. friends D. children
21. A. survive B. disappear C. continue D. exist
22. A. dream B. idea C. excuse D. chance
23. A. fire B. wall C. house D. chimney
24. A. artist B. director C. reporter D. tourist
25. A. wasted B. saved C. took D. spent
26. A. purpose B. truth C. beauty D. choice
27. A. sold B. noticed C. discovered D. posted
28. A. angry B. upset C. strong D. strange
29. A. Generally B. Suddenly C. Luckily D. Hopefully
30. A. changed B. divided C. cut D. formed
31. A. printing B. painting C. buying D. collecting
32. A. luck B. doubt C. hope D. happiness
33. A. task B. game C. experiment D. project
34. A. busy B. dark C. lonely D. quiet
35. A. moves B. excites C. warns D. surprises
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。2018年11月8日，加州史上最具破坏性的山火给人们带来了巨大灾难。Shane Grammer看到儿时的伙伴在大火后上传的家中剩下的唯一的烟囱照片时，他有了一个主意，他要把烟囱画下来，这是他表达自我、成为艺术家的机会。后来他创作出更多感人们的艺术。
【16题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：2018年11月8日，加州发生史上最具破坏性的山火，起因是“天堂镇”电缆故障。A. turned down调低，拒绝；B. put forward提出；C. brought about引起；导致；D. broke out爆发，突然发生。根据The most destructive（破坏性的）wildfire 和by bad electrical cables可知，山火是电缆故障“引起的”。故选C。
【17题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：大火持续了17天，造成165亿美元的损失，摧毁了近1.9万座建筑，造成85人死亡，5万人无家可归。A. damage损害；B. use使用；C. waste浪费；D. question问题。根据下文的destroying nearly 19,000 buildings, killing 85 people and leaving 50,000 others homeless可知，山火带来的“损害”。故选A。
【18题详解】
考查词组。句意：天堂不再是天堂。A. as usual像平常一样；B. at last最后；C. once again 再一次；D. no longer不再。山火造成巨大破坏，因此天堂镇不再是天堂。no longer“不再”，符合题意。故选D。
【19题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：沙恩·格兰默(Shane Grammer)在15英里外的奇科(Chico)长大，他从洛杉矶的家中就开始追踪火灾的致命路径。A. made制造；B. followed跟随；C. ignored忽视；D. missed错过，想念。根据下文的from his home in Los Angeles可知是从家里开始“跟踪，追随”。故选B。
【20题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：Grammer在天堂地区仍然有朋友。A. students学生；B. co-workers同事；C. friends 朋友；D. children孩子。根据下文的his childhood buddy, Shane Edwards可知，他在那里有“朋友”。故选C。
【21题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：当他儿时的伙伴谢恩·爱德华兹上传他的白色烟囱的照片时——这是他房子里唯一幸存的部分——祖父感到很无助。A. survive幸存；B. disappear消失；C. continue继续；D. exist存在。根据the only part of his house可知这是大火后他房子里的唯一“幸存”。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：然后他有了一个主意。A. dream梦想；B. idea主意，想法；C. excuse借口，理由；D. chance机会。根据Grammer felt helpless. 和It was an opportunity for me to express myself可知，他有了一个“主意”。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：“我必须画那个烟囱，”他告诉Inside Edition。A. fire火；B. wall墙；C. house房子；D. chimney烟囱。根据下文three hours painting a beautifully sad black-and-white image(画像)of a woman on the chimney — a reminder,可知他要“画”那个烟囱。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：对我来说，这是一个表达自我、成为艺术家的机会。A. artist艺术家；B. director主管，导演；C. reporter记者；D. tourist旅行者。此处指画烟囱，所以和“导演、记者和旅行者”都没关系，应该是成为“艺术家”的机会。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：12月31日，Grammer花了3个小时，画了一幅烟囱上的女人的美丽而悲伤的黑白画——这也许是对生命之美，甚至是对生命本身的一种提醒。A. wasted浪费；B. saved挽救；C. took拿走；D. spent花费。根据three hours painting a beautifully sad black-and-white image（画像）of a woman on the chimney可知是“花费”了三个小时画烟囱。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：12月31日，Grammer花了3个小时，画了一幅烟囱上的女人的美丽而悲伤的黑白画——这也许是对生命之美，甚至是对生命本身的一种提醒。A. purpose目的；B. truth真理，事实；C. beauty美丽；D. choice选择。根据空13后的“You bring beauty and hope,”可知，此处指生命之美。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：Grammer在Instagram上发布了这张照片。A. sold卖；B. noticed注意到；C. discovered发现；D. posted贴出，通告。根据the image on Instagram可知是“发布”了照片。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：尤其是火灾的受害者，他们有着强烈的感情。A. angry 生气的；B. upset心烦的；C. strong强壮的；D. strange奇怪的。根据The victims（受害者）of the fire和feelings可知，火灾受害者遭受巨大苦难，因此推断他们有“强烈的”感情，深有感触。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：突然，Grammer意识到他的艺术表达已经变得更深了，是真正艺术的标志。A. Generally通常地，一般地；B. Suddenly 突然地；C. Luckily幸运地；D. Hopefully充满希望地。根据something deeper, the hallmark（特征）of true art.可知，他“突然”意识到自己的艺术表达已经成为更深的东西，那种真正艺术的特征。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：突然，Grammer意识到他的艺术表达已经变得更深了，是真正艺术的标志。A. changed改变；B. divided分开，分离；C. cut切，割；D. formed构成。根据something deeper可知，“变得”更深了。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：在3个月的时间里，他回来了8次，在墙上、小货车上和废墟上画了17幅受害者和神话英雄的画像。A. printing 印刷；B. painting绘画；C. buying买；D. collecting收集。根据17 pictures of victims and mythical（神话里的）heroes on walls可知，只有painting符合语境。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：“还有希望，”他解释道。“灰烬中有美。”A. luck幸运；B. doubt怀疑；C. hope希望；D. happiness幸福。根据下文“There is beauty in the ashes.”可知，还有“希望”。故选C。
33题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：Grammer在Paradise的工作已经成为一个更大的项目。A. task任务；B. game游戏；C. experiment 实验；D. project工程，项目。根据下文a home for orphans(孤儿)in Tijuana, Mexico; a youth center in San Francisco.可知，这里指工作已经成为更大的“项目”。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：他周游世界，在需要光线的黑暗地方画大画:墨西哥提华纳的孤儿之家；旧金山的一个青年中心。A. busy忙碌的；B. dark黑暗的；C. lonely寂寞的；D. quiet安静的。根据下文的places that needed some light可知是在“黑暗的”地方。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：他说:“我想做一些有力量的事情，创造出能够感动人们的艺术。”A. moves感动，移动；B. excites使兴奋；C. warns警告；D. surprises惊讶。根据something powerful and create art可知，创造的画“感动”人们。故选A。

第二部分 阅读理解（共20个小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Here 's your weekly roundup of who's hiring in town and in nearby St. Charles County and Maryland Heights.
Who's Hiring: Petco
Location: St. Charles
Job: Cashier
Description: The cashier will help achieve store sales goals while helping to provide customers with the products they need for happy and healthy pets. Petco is looking to you to provide exceptional customer service as you perform all aspects of point of sale service - cash, credit and check sales, returns and exchanges: This means offering quick and polite response  to those customers who choose to shop with us.
Requirements: While a high school diploma is preferred, you must be able to demonstrate basic math skill and strong communication skills. You must be customer service focused and able to interact professionally and effectively through both verbal and written communication with everyone with whom you come into contact.
To Apply: Apply online.
※ ※ ※
Who's Hiring: City of St. Peters
Location: St. Peters
Job: Temporary Parks Worker
Description: Performs general labor to repair and maintain parks, playgrounds, athletic fields, and trails. Operates and performs minor maintenance to light and heavy equipment, power tools, motorized equipment, and vehicles.
Requirements: Must be a U.S. Citizen. High School graduate certificate. One year of applicable experience. Ability to frequently lift and/or move up t0 50 pounds and carry it a reasonable distance, and occasionally lift and/or move more than 75 pounds.
Pay: $15.27 per hour
To Apply: Apply in person, fax t0 636-477-1044, or mail to: #1205-Human Resources, City of St. Peters, P.O. Box 9, St. Peters MO 63376.
※ ※ ※
Who's Hiring: Commerce Bank
Location: Maryland Heights
Job: Teller
Description: Responsible for handling deposits, check cashing, money orders, official checks, traveler's checks, and saving bonds. Know customers’ needs and suggest appropriate bank services.  Make referrals  (移交) to sales staff to assist the branch in meeting its sales goals. Commerce Bank reserves the right to fill all Part Time Teller positions as soon as qualified candidates are identified.
To Apply: Apply online.
36. What can we conclude from the passage?
A. St. Charles County witnesses less job chances.
B. There are more people seeking for jobs.
C. Maryland Heights will accept professions.
D. There are some job opportunities mentioned.
37. If you want to be a cashier ________.
A. you should provide customers what they need for free.
B. you should make the customers satisfied all the time
C. you should exchange ideas with customers freely
D. you should select goods instead of helping the customers
38. If you apply for the Temporary Parks worker________.
A. you must be an excellent athlete
B. you should finish the college course
C. you must be an American citizen
D. you should have your own vehicle
39. Which of them doesn’t refer to education requirements?
A Commerce Bank. B. City of St. Peters.
C. Petco. D. All of them.
40. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. A teller should make advice for customers wisely.
B. A parks worker should weigh less than 75 pounds.
C. You must get in touch with Commerce Bank by phone.
D. You can earn the most if you choose City of St. Peters.
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. A
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了这周在城里，附近的St. Charles County和Maryland Heights的招聘信息。有三则招聘，分别介绍了谁在招人，地点，职位，职务介绍及应聘方式。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的Here’s your weekly roundup of who’s hiring in town and in nearby St. Charles County and Maryland Heights.(这是你每周的在城里和附近的圣查尔斯郡和马里兰高地招聘信息汇总。)可知这篇文章介绍了一些招聘信息，因此可知其提供了一些工作机会。故选D项。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据对第一个职位Cashier(收银员)的描述中的Requirements中的You must be customer service focused(你必须专注于顾客服务)可知如果你想当收银员，你应该让顾客感到满意。因此B项描述正确，A、C、D项描述的比较片面，只是服务的一部分。故选B项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据对第二个职位Temporary Parks Worker的描述中的Requirements中的Must be a U.S. Citizen.(必须是美国公民)可知如果你申请公园临时工作人员的职位，你必须是美国公民。故选C项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据对第一个职位中的Requirements: While a high school diploma is preferred(需要高中毕业)，第二个职位中的Requirements:…High School graduate certificate.(需要高中毕业证书)可知第三个职位，即圣彼得斯市商业银行的出纳员职位没有提教育要求。故选A项。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据对第三个职位（出纳员）的描述中的Know customers’ needs and suggest appropriate bank services.(了解客户的需求并提出适当的银行服务建议。)可知出纳员应该明智地为顾客提供建议。因此A项描述正确。故选A项。
B
Dear daughters,
Most parents tell their children, “You can be anything you want when you grow up.” I feel the same and I say this often. But I also want you to understand that realizing your dreams comes from hard work, some good luck and good timing. Here are some words of wisdom for you as you make your way in the world, from an entrepreneur (企业家) and from your mama.
1. Be open-minded to changing your path along the way
In high school, I wanted to be a politician. I left my hometown and went off to college in Washington, DC. There, I discovered that I loved to support women. It taught me that I’m creative, a strong leader and great at marketing. As a result, I moved on to be the head of a national healthcare nonprofit. Becoming a mother while in that job opened my mind to launching a breast pump bag (储奶袋) business. Now I run a highly successful company that I started up on my own. I'm not a politician!
2.Failure is critical to your success
Failure can be heartbreaking. But I will tell you that every failure I’ve had along the way has absolutely made me better. Failing the big math exam in high school and going to summer school was embarrassing. I eventually passed, and I’ve never failed an exam again. I learned from that experience to ask for help. Now, I ask for help in business all the time. I’m proud to be a role model to you as a mom and an entrepreneur. I hope I inspire you to believe that you can be anything you want. It will be my pleasure to watch your lives unfold before my eyes.
Love,
Your mom
41. In the writer’s opinion, what does it take to realize one’s dream?
A. Failure, hard work and good timing.
B. An open mind, failure and hard work.
C. Hard work, good luck and good timing.
D. A good dream, an open mind and hard work.
42. What message does the author want to convey through paragraph 2?
A. She likes doing different jobs.
B. She likes doing challenging jobs.
C. She is willing to consider different ideas.
D. She intends to become an entrepreneur.
43. What did the author learn from her failure?
A. Failure can make us embarrassed.
B. We shouldn’t get angry when we fail.
C. Don’t care too much about your failure.
D. It’s important to turn to others for help.
44. Which of the following words best describe the writer?
A. Political and proud.
B. Caring and cautious.
C. Modest and unlucky.
D. Flexible and successful.
【答案】41. C 42. C 43. D 44. D
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。本文是一位妈妈写给女儿的一封信，信中妈妈介绍了自己的成功经验，并对女儿的未来之路提出了一些建议。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。文章第一段最后一句But I also want you to understand that realizing your dreams comes from hard work, some good luck and good timing.（但我也想让你明白，实现你的梦想来自于努力工作，一些好运和良好的时机。）可知在作者看来，实现一个人的梦想需要努力工作，好运，好的时机。故选C项。
【42题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第2段，在高中的时候，作者想当一名政治家（In high school, I wanted to be a politician），但是到了大学后，作者成为了全国性非营利医疗保健机构的负责人（As a result, I moved on to be the head of a national healthcare nonprofit）。再成为母亲后，作者开始了储奶袋的生意（launching a breast pump bag business）。而现在的作者却在经营一家公司，不是当初想做的政治人物（Now I run a highly successful company that I started up on my own. I'm not a politician!）。由此可知，作者乐于考虑各种各样的想法。紧扣该段的主题--- Be open-minded to changing your path along the way（对改变你的道路保持开放的心态）。故选C项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段I learned from that experience to ask for help.（我从那次经历中学会了寻求帮助。）可知作者从她的失败中学到了向别人求助是很重要的。故选D项。
44题详解】
推理判断题。根据作者在第2段提到的经历：高中时作者想当一名政治家，但到了大学后，作者成为了全国性非营利医疗保健机构的负责人。成为母亲后，作者开始了储奶袋的生意，最后作者开了一家成功的公司。可见作者是灵活的，想法是多变的；再根据第二段Now I run a highly successful company that I started up on my own（现在我自己开了一家非常成功的公司）还可以看出作者是一位成功的企业家。综合分析。故选D项。
C
With climate change and overfishing threatening our oceans, it is becoming increasingly important for researchers to closely observe and check sea animals and plants. However, it’s almost impossible to make it since human presence scares the animals. Now, thanks to the robot, aka SoFi, researchers may be able to solve the problem.
Built by MIT’s laboratory, the snow-white remote-controlled robot simulates fish, complete with a flexible tail that moves from side to side and two “fins (鳍)”.
When the robot is under the sea, a motor is pumping water into a pair of balloon-like rooms located in the robot’s tail. These rooms operate similarly to the key parts in engines. As one room expands, the tail bends to one side; when the motor pushes water to the other channel, the tail bends in the other direction. Thus the robot gains the ability to move to where it wants to go.
SoFi solves many of the issues that have affected the usefulness of previous robots --- some types of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs)
AUVs traditionally often have had to be tied to a boat because radio frequency communications do not work well underwater. So researchers use sound waves. The new technology can travel greater distances, allowing drivers, by using a controller, to pilot SoFi from up to 50 feet away. SoFi can move around the ocean, unaffected by ropes. Also limiting traditional AUVs’ usefulness is the risk of hitting something, like hard stones. With the outside made of rubber and plastic that can keep its built-in electronics dry, SoFi can efficiently avoid hitting. So a soft robot is more likely to survive a potential crisis.
During test dives in Rainbow Reef, SoFi swam alongside the unsuspecting ocean life at depths of 50 feet for up to 40 minutes at a time, obtaining high-quality photos and videos. More importantly, it was able to do so without causing any disturbance. Researchers say sometimes the fish would swim alongside the strange-looking robot in curiosity, while at other times they appeared to completely ignore its existence. “It’s not perfect, but we’re improving it. Our efforts will pay off,” says Robert Katzschmann.
45. The robot SoFi is created to ________.
A. observe climate change B. help to monitor sea creatures
C. catch fish and observe them D. prevent overfishing in oceans
46. What does the underlined word “simulates” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Is modeled after. B. Is designed for.
C. Is combined with. D. Is applied to.
47. What’s Paragraph 3 mainly written to show?
A. The shape of SoFi. B. The application of SoFi.
C. The structure of SoFi’s tail. D. The theory of SoFi’s movement.
48. The materials for SoFi’s outside help SoFi to ________.
A. stay safe underwater B. take high-quality photos
C. stay deeper under the sea D. better attract sea creatures
49. What’s Robert Katzschmann’s attitude towards SoFi?
A. Satisfied. B. Negative. C. Hopeful. D. Neutral.
【答案】45. B 46. A 47. D 48. A 49. C
【解析】
本文是说明文，文章介绍了科学家成功地研制出机器鱼，帮助研究人员密切关注海洋生物。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“it is becoming increasingly important for researchers to closely observe and check sea animals and plants. However, it’s almost impossible to make it since human presence scares the animals. Now, thanks to the robot, aka SoFi, researchers may be able to solve the problem. ”，研究人员需要密切观察海洋动植物，但是这很难做到，因为人类的存在会吓到动物。机器人SoFi或许可以帮助研究人员解决这个问题。由此可知，制作机器鱼SoFi 的目的是帮助研究人员监控海洋生物。故选B项。
【46题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中划线词后的一句“…complete with a flexible tail that moves from side to side and two “fins (鳍)”.（配有可以从一边到另一边移动的灵活的尾巴，还有两个“鳍”。）”可知，遥控机器人是模仿真实的鱼类制作的。因此可以推测“simulates”意思为“模仿”。短语be modelled after意思为“根据……仿造”。故选A项。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的内容“When the robot is under the sea, a motor is pumping water into a pair of balloon-like rooms located in the robot’s tail. These rooms operate similarly to the key parts in engines. As one room expands, the tail bends to one side; when the motor pushes water to the other channel, the tail bends in the other direction. （当机器人在海底时，一个马达将水抽进位于机器人尾部的一对气球状的房间。这些房间的运作类似于发动机的关键部件。当一个房间扩张时，尾巴会向一边弯曲;当发动机将水推到另一个通道时，尾部会向另一个方向弯曲。）”和最后一句“Thus the robot gains the ability to move to where it wants to go.（这样机器人就能够移动到它想去的地方。）”可以推断，该段是介绍机器鱼SoFi在海底向前移动的原理。故选D项。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“With the outside made of rubber and plastic that can keep its built-in electronics dry, SoFi can efficiently avoid hitting. So a soft robot is more likely to survive a potential crisis.（由于外壳由橡胶和塑料制成，可以保持内置电子设备的干燥，SoFi可以有效地避免碰撞。因此，柔软的机器人更有可能在潜在的危机中幸存下来。）”可知，制作机器鱼SoFi外壳的橡胶和塑料材料可以帮助它在海底安全工作。故选A项。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一句Robert Katzschmann所说的话“It’s not perfect, but we’re improving it. Our efforts will pay off.” 可知，Robert Katzschmann觉得机器鱼SoFi并不完美，还需要改进，并且相信研究人员的努力将会得到回报。因此可以推断，Robert Katzschmann对机器鱼SoFi的未来是充满希望的。故选C项。



D
It’s good to make mistakes, and here is why.
First of all, mistakes are a clear sign that we are trying new things. It’s always good to try new things because when we are trying new things, we are growing. If we never try anything new, how can we improve? How can we expand? The simple answer is “We can’t”. Look around us. With very few exceptions, either everything you see in your physical world or every single detail of every single thing is the result of someone trying something new.
Another good thing about mistakes is this: When we are making mistakes, we are learning. Consider this --- Edison failed 10,000 times before he perfected the light bulb. When asked how it felt to fail that many times, he said that he had learned 10,000 things that didn’t work.
Finally, when we make a mistake, we are much closer to success. Why? Because when all is said and done, we will have tried some number of things before we succeeded. Every time we make a mistake, we eliminate one of those things and are one step closer.
But all this doesn’t mean that we should go through life without considering the consequences of a mistake. Quite the contrary, when we try something new, we have to be willing to set some reasonable limits so that in the event that it doesn’t work out the way we want it to, we will be in a position to try again. We all have limited resources --in the form of time and money -- so we shouldn’t blow them all on one approach to a problem. Realize that it probably won’t be perfect the first time and allocate these resources appropriately so we can learn, make corrections, and try it again. Only by accepting and using our mistakes in this way can we make significant advances in our lives.
There is an old saying that goes, “If you’re not making mistakes, you’re not trying hard enough.” So go forth and make mistakes. And learn. And grow. And prosper.
50. From the second paragraph, we can conclude that ________.
A. mistakes are unnecessary for development B. mistakes let us see our own limits
C. it’s common for people to make mistakes D. making mistakes is better than not trying
51. According to the passage, if we try new things, we can ________.
A. move forward B. never fail C. obtain nothing D. be closer to mistakes
52. The underlined word “eliminate” means ________.
A. make up for B. get rid of C. avoid D. solve
53. According to the article, one thing we should pay attention to about making mistakes is ________.
A. avoiding making the same mistakes B. accepting the outcome willingly
C. making proper arrangements for our next try D. reflecting on the consequences after each mistake
54. The article is mainly about ________.
A. how to deal with mistakes B. what benefits making mistakes brings
C. how to achieve success D. how to make use of our mistakes
55. What may the writer probably suggest we say to ourselves when we make a mistake?
A. Never mind, I tried my best. B. That’s all right. I’ll try again.
C. Great! Now I have learned something. D. Look at this mess. Anyone would be upset.
【答案】50. D 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. B 55. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文告诉我们不要害怕犯错误，说明了犯错的三点好处：意味着你尝试了新的东西、你在学习和成功更近了一步了。同时说明了在犯错误时要对下一次尝试进行适当的安排，以取得进步。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中First of all, mistakes are a clear sign that we are trying new things. It’s always good to try new things because when we are trying new things, we are growing. If we never try anything new, how can we improve? How can we expand?可知首先，错误是我们在尝试新事物的明显标志。尝试新事物总是好的，因为当我们尝试新事物时，我们在成长。如果我们从不尝试新事物，我们怎么能改进呢？我们怎么能发展呢？由此可推知，我们可以得出这样的结论，犯错误总比不努力好。故选D。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中It’s always good to try new things because when we are trying new things, we are growing. If we never try anything new, how can we improve? How can we expand? The simple answer is “We can’t”.可知尝试新事物总是好的，因为当我们尝试新事物时，我们在成长。如果我们从不尝试新事物，我们怎么能改进呢？我们怎么能发展呢？由此可知，如果我们尝试新的事物，我们可以向前发展。故选A。
【52题详解】
词义猜测题。根据后文one of those things and are one step closer.可知每一次我们犯了错误，我们就摆脱了其中一个失败的事情，就离目标更近了一步。由此可知，划线单词“eliminate”意思为“摆脱”。A. make up for 补偿；B. get rid of 摆脱；C. avoid避免；D. solve解决。故选B。
【53题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Realize that it probably won’t be perfect the first time and allocate these resources appropriately so we can learn, make corrections, and try it again. Only by accepting and using our mistakes in this way can we make significant advances in our lives.可知要意识到第一次可能不完美，适当地分配这些资源，这样我们就可以学习、纠正错误，然后再试一次。只有以这种方式接受和利用我们的错误，我们才能在我们的生活中取得重大的进步。由此可知，关于犯错误，我们应该注意的一件事是为我们的下一次尝试做适当的安排。故选C。
【54题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段It’s good to make mistakes, and here is why.可知犯错误是好事，原因如下。结合文章主要告诉我们不要害怕犯错误，说明了犯错三点好处：意味着你尝试了新的东西、你在学习和成功更近了一步了。同时说明了在犯错误时要对下一次尝试进行适当的安排，以取得进步。由此可知，这篇文章主要是关于犯错误带来的好处。故选B。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中Another good thing about mistakes is this: When we are making mistakes, we are learning.可知错误的另一个好处是：当我们犯错时，我们在学习。以及最后一段中So go forth and make mistakes. And learn. And grow. And prosper.可知所以要勇往直前，勇于犯错、学习、成长和成功。由此可推知，当我们犯错误时，作者可能会建议我们对自己说“太棒了！现在我学到了一些东西”。故选C。

第II卷 （满分35分）
第一节：阅读表达（共5个小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
When I was in school, the class I dreaded most was my eighth grade art class. The teacher put down my every attempt at completing an assignment. I simply couldn’t produce art the way she wanted it. Luckily, I’d already proven myself in other creative areas. Yet, that art teacher was successful in convincing me that I had no talent for painting, drawing, or anything related to them. Imagine my surprise when I published my nature photography and became a volunteer art teacher!
Unfortunately, my story is all too familiar to many people who come through my workshops and practice. Even more unfortunately, the vast majority of people were so discouraged in childhood that they cut off the creative impulse (冲动) in most areas of their lives. Their teachers, parents, or classmates convinced them they had no talent, so they gave up. The pain of failure was simply too great.
Why have we forgotten creativity is an experience, not a result? Let’s consider why we express creativity in first place. To be creative is to be human. Everything we’ve at our disposal (处理) is the result of someone’s creative expression and willingness to take a risk. Even so, for creativity to flower and feel free of encumbrance (累赘), it needs to be about the joyful moments spent creating, not just about what we’ve to show for those moments. Whatever pattern you need to break, try to make it about the pleasure and not about the outcome.
Therefore, I’d urge you to curb your perfectionism not enthusiasm! Perfectionism is the leading killer of artistic expression. Relax a little and bring back your childlike nature when you create. Children instinctively (本能地) know how to give over to the joy --- until someone teaches them otherwise! Let your creation be whatever it wants to be. See if it can lead you rather than the other way around. Let your unconsciousness come through, and let the expression of yourself be beautiful regardless of how it compares to anything else. After all, it’s yours, and no one but you could create it!
56. What made the author give up his dream of art? (no more than 15 words)
57. What does the third paragraph mainly tell us? (no more than 10 words)
58. Please explain the underlined word “curb” in English. (no more than 5 words)
59. According to the passage, what is necessary for a creative person? (no more than 10 words)
60. Do you think you are more creative as a student? Please give an example. (no more than 25 words)
【答案】56. His teacher discouraged him and said he had no talent for art.
Or: His teacher convinced him that he had no talent for art.
57. Creativity is an experience, not a result.
Or: We should enjoy being creative.
58. Limit. / Control. / Hold. / Keep...within limits. / Keep...under control.
59. The childlike nature of creativity.
60. Open.
Yes, perhaps I am. I used to draw a lot of imaginative pictures in childhood.
Or: Yes, I often make some interesting handmade things by myself.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。作者通过自己的亲身经历：八年级时美术老师成功地让他相信，他没有绘画以及与它有关的任何东西的天赋。然而，后来他却成功的出版了自己的自然摄影作品，并成为了一名志愿艺术教师。来说明创造力是一种经验而不是一种结果。我们应该享受创造的过程，找回自己的童真的本性。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Yet, that art teacher was successful in convincing me that I had no talent for painting, drawing, or anything related to them.然而，那位美术老师成功地让我相信，我没有绘画以及与它有关的任何东西的天赋。” 可知“His teacher discouraged him and said he had no talent for art” 符合语境。 故填His teacher discouraged him and said he had no talent for art. Or: His teacher convinced him that he had no talent for art.
【57题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Why have we forgotten creativity is an experience, not a result? Let’s consider why we express creativity in first place. 为什么我们忘记了创造力是一种经验而不是一种结果。”可知“We should enjoy being creative 我们应该享受创造的过程。”符合语境。故填Creativity is an experience, not a result. Or: We should enjoy being creative.
【58题详解】
词义猜测题。根据后文“Perfectionism is the leading killer of artistic expression. 完美主义是艺术表现头号杀手。”可知第四段第一句 “Therefore, I’d urge you to curb your perfectionism not enthusiasm! 因此，我们应该督促自己去“控制”我们的完美主义思想。” 故填Limit. / Control. / Hold. / Keep...within limits. / Keep...under control。
【59题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Relax a little and bring back your childlike nature when you create. 当你创作的时候，放松一点，找回你童真的本性。”可知“The childlike nature of creativity.” 符合语境。故填The childlike nature of creativity.
【60题详解】
开放题。题目意为：作为学生，你觉得你更有创造力吗？请举个例子。Different people have different ideas. 不同的人有不同的答案。所以，你可以填Yes, perhaps I am. I used to draw a lot of imaginative pictures in childhood. Or: Yes, I often make some interesting handmade things by myself。
【点睛】阅读表达中的开放性问题这种题型是主观性试题。要求考生根据文章涉及的问题，结合个人的观点、经验来回答。此类问题的解答比较容易，考生可根据自己的观点选择较容易回答的来回答。回答此题时必须回答完整，即怎么问就怎么答。注意别出现语法错误。如文中第5小题，题目用的是一般疑问句，所以一定不能丢了yes or no。
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
61.假设你是李津，从互联网上看到一个国际中学生家教组织将面向中国招聘兼职中文家教 (tutor) 的广告，欢迎中国学生参加。请你写一封电子邮件申请参加。
内容主要包括：
1.自我介绍；
2.参加意图；
3.希望获准。
注意：
1.词数不少于100字；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.邮件开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
【答案】Dear sir or Madam,
I’m Li Jin, a senior middle school student from China. I happened to read the advertisement that you have posted on the Internet, employing Chinese students as part-time tutor of the Chinese language.
I am interested in it. I know that you welcome students from China and I'd like to get this job. For me, Chinese is my native tongue and I’m excellent at it. Besides, I've been learning English for 12 years with a good command of spoken and written English.
I hope I will be accepted as a member of yours. Looking forward to your reply!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求学生就国际中学生家教组织招聘兼职中文家教的广告写一封申请信。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文。
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分法。
要求：
1.自我介绍；
2.参加意图；
3.希望获准。
第二步：列提纲（重点短语）
happened to read；native tongue；a good command of spoken and written English；introduce Chinese culture.
第三步：连词成句
1.I happened to read the advertisement that you have posted on the Internet
2. For me, Chinese is my native tongue and I’m excellent at it.
3. Besides, I've been learning English for 12 years with a good command of spoken and written English.
4. I’m willing to help foreigners learn Chinese well and introduce Chinese culture to the world as well.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇
1.表示文章结构顺序：自我介绍；参加目的；希望获准
2.表示并列补充关系：For me；Besides,；and
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯。复合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多的高端句式，如定语从句：I happened to read the advertisement that you have posted on the Internet；如非谓语动词：employing Chinese students as part-time tutor of the Chinese language；如宾语从句：I know that you welcome students from China…..等。文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为文章增色添彩。