2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟预测卷（一）（全国1卷）英语试题
展开2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语·模拟预测卷(一)
本试卷7页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号、座位号等 相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。 .
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域 内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅 笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂。
A
Thailand's southern beaches attract travelers with their clean water and dramatic cliffs (峭壁), but there's more to explore in this Southeast Asian country.
Lopburi for history buffs
Bypass the tour groups at the ancient city of Ayutthaya and head two hours north of the capital, Bangkok, for a peaceful walk through Thai history. Lopburi, one of Thailand's oldest cities, boasts Khmer-era temples and the uncrowded ruins of King Narai's Palace, which was built in the 1600s. It's also known for the monkeys that gather at Phra Prang Sam Yot temple in the center of town.
Ban Krut for beach bums
In Ban Krut, travelers will find one of the cleanest and quietest stretches of white sandy beach within driving distance of Bangkok. This sleepy seaside community, known mostly by locals, is a five-hour drive or six-hour train trip down the Gulf of Thailand. Don't miss the magnificent Wat Tang Sai, a huge, fairy tale castle-like Buddhist temple.
Cave for holiday hikers
Hiking trails, wetlands and forests make Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park a weekend adventure worthy of topping your Thailand to-do list. The park's crown jewel is the extraordinary Phraya Nakhon Cave. Come early to catch the picturesque chamber flooded with morning sunshine that spotlights the royal pavilion that sits inside.
River Kwai for nature lovers
Most visitors come for the beaches, but the rivers and parks in Thailand's Kanchanaburi province have much to offer. Scenic trails and waterfalls abound in Sai Yok and Erawan national parks. Just two hours from Bangkok is the bridge made famous in the book Bridge over the River Kwai by French author, Pierre Boulle, and the 1957 Academy Award-winning 1957 film adaptation of the same name. Stay on the river at one of Kanchanaburi's many floating hotels, where you can travel to your front door.
1．From which of the following can you learn more about Thai history?
A．Ban Krut B．Kanchanaburi
C．Phraya Nakhon Cave D．Lopburi
2．What can tourists do in Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park?
A．Visit temples. B．Meet lovely monkeys.
C．Go hiking. D．Go to the beach.
3．What can we know from the passage?
A．River Kwai was made famous by a book and a film
B．Tourists can stay at the floating hotels on River Kwai.
C．Most visitors visit Thailand for rivers and parks
D．Travellers can find Khmer-era temples in Ban Krut.
B
Alaska state officials are hosting Walmart executives in the state capital this week in an effort to resolve a months-old argument over Alaskan salmon fisheries’ sustainability qualifications.
The seeds of the quarrel were planted several years ago when several Alaskan fisheries decided to end their relationship with the Marine Stewardship Council—the famous global organization that states and proves the truthfulness of sustainable fishing—to seek out other means assuring customers of their sustainable practices. But last June, Walmart told Alaskan fisheries that it would not be buying salmon sourced from fisheries not certified by the Marine Stewardship Council.
Now Walmart is caught between two forces–Alaska fisheries and “buy American” enthusiasts who think the company’s first responsibility should be to American industry, and environmentalists who think Walmart should make as strong a commitment to environmentally sustainable industry as possible.
But from a broader perspective, this latest noise is an object lesson in why the concept of corporate (公司的) responsibility has shortcomings to begin with. Walmart—like most successful corporations—is pretty good at offering products their customers want at low prices. When it tries to promote broader public goods, like a clean environment, or lower unemployment for veterans, it’s nowhere near as successful. Here’s a few of Walmart’s more notable corporate-responsibility confusion:
The Buy-American Debacle: Walmart’s first major corporate responsibility push was an effort in the 1980s to promote American-made products. But the campaign ran aground (搁浅) after a NBC investigation revealed that the company was actually selling products manufactured in India as “Made American.”
The Going Green Campaign: Walmart launched on a sustainability campaign aimed at making the retail giants operations much more environmentally friendly. Though Walmart and the media have done much to raise visibility of these efforts, the actual results have been lacking. According to a recent report from the Institute for Local Self Reliance (ILSR), Walmart’s sustainability campaign is much more focused on making its operations appear green to customers than stopping doing things that would actually help the environment, like reducing emissions.
In reality, these examples simply show that one can’t realistically expect corporations to behave in a way that is opposite to making profits. But that doesn’t mean that the goal of fishing sustainability isn’t achievable. It’s just that the corporate structure isn’t our best means of achieving them—the government is.
4．What is the function of the Marine Stewardship Council?
A．To advocate sustainable fishing practices. B．To persuade supermarkets to buy its products.
C．To solve disagreements between fisheries and supermarkets.
D．To guarantee the safety of goods supplied by supermarkets.
5．According to the author, Walmart’s corporate responsibility is ________.
A．confusing B．heavy
C．environmental-friendly D．unsatisfying
6．From Paragraph 5, we know ________.
A．Walmart’s sustainability campaign worked well
B．Walmart might have profited at the cost of the environment
C．ILSR’s report was part of Walmart’s campaign plan
D．Walmart had no intention to protect the environment at all
7．Who should be mainly responsible for achieving the goals of fishing sustainability?
A．The company structure B．Walmart
C．The government D．The Marine Stewardship Council
C
A cloudless Southern California sky looms over the Pro Park Course for the Pro Skate Park Series. Here to compete are some of the top female skaters in the world. The women skaters range in age from early adolescence to early 30s, but in a sport that embraces youth, there is one who stands out. At 8 years old, Sky Brown, would be the youngest skater, male or female, ever to compete at this series.
She is known to some — a minor star of the viral age. When her first video was posted to YouTube, Sky initially gained a little internet fame as a premature and level-headed 4-year-old — highly intelligent, well-spoken beyond her years, hugely talented, and yet grounded. Four years later, it was announced that she would be competing at Huntington Beach. Still, the question remains: Is she truly ready, or will this be another case where reality comes crashing down hard on all the hype?
And then, it turns out to be anything but. Sky goes out and presents one surprise after another. Commentators Neal Hendrix and Chris Pastras are left in awe, “Half of the pros can't do.” The only thing that makes the prodigy look like a kid is her size. In every other regard, she holds her own with skaters 10 and 20 years her senior. Before the competition at Huntington, Sky was a curiosity. After, she is a competitor.
Sky's first memory of a skateboard is seeing her father, Stuart, doing a few tricks in front of the family home. “It always looked really fun,” says Sky. “I just kept begging to try it.” Sky progressed quickly, although she never had a formal coach. Somehow she just had the knack. Every movement, every shift in weight, every push and pull of body on board, she absorbed. Then, she did it herself.
“You get so close to making it,” she says of her process, “and think you're about to land it, and then it takes you 100 more times. I'm always saying to my parents, 'Just one last try.'” If anyone was pushing, striving to get better, it was Sky herself, learning new tricks the same way everyone else does — by trying, failing, falling, and getting back up again.
8．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?
A．To show Sky’s early experience.
B．To show Sky’s talents from varied aspects.
C．To show the public’s doubt about Sky’s competence.
D．To show the public’s recognition of Sky’s performances.
9．What do we know about Sky?
A．She equals the senior skaters in the competition.
B．She looks like a professional skater in terms of her figure.
C．She participates in a competition inappropriate for the young.
D．She has already become a household name before the competition.
10．What is the main reason for Sky’s achievements?
A．Her parents push her too hard.
B．She practices hard and never quits.
C．Her coach is very strict with her.
D．Her father exerts a strong influence on her.
11．What is the best title for the text?
A．A Rocky Road Leads to Internet Fame
B．A Strong Competitor Stands out from Crowd
C．An 8-year-old Skater Amazes the World
D．A Wonder Shows at the Pro Skate Park Series
D
Don't get mad the next time you catch your teenager texting when he promised to be studying. He simply may not be able to resist. A University of lowa(UI) study found teenagers are far more sensitive than adults to the immediate effect or reward of their behaviors. The findings may help explain why the initial rush of texting may be more attractive for adolescents than the long-term pay off of studying.
"For the teenager, 'the rewards are attractive." says Professor Jatin Vaidya，an author of the study. "They draw adolescent. Sometimes, the rewards are a kind of motivation for them. Even when a behavior is no longer in a teenager's best interest to continue, they will, because the effect of the reward is still there and lasts much longer in adolescents than in adults ."
For parents,that means limiting distraction (分心的事情）so teenagers can make better choices. Take the homework and social media dilemma: At 9 p.m., shut off everything except a computer that has no access to Facehook or Twitter, the researchers advise. "I'm not saying they shouldn't be allowed access to technology," Vaidya says. But some help in netting their concentration is necessary for them so they can develop those impulse-control skills.”
In their study,Vaidya and co-author Shaun Vecera note researchers generally believe teenagers are impulsive（冲动的)，make bad decisions，and engage in risky behavior because the frontal lobes（额叶）of their trains are not fully developed. But the UI researchers wondered. whether something more fundamental was going on with adolescents to cause behaviors independent of higher-level reasoning.
"We wanted to try to understand the brain's reward system how it change from chillhood to adulthood," Says Vaidya, who adds the reward character in the human brain is easier than decision-making. “We've been trying to understand the reward process in adolescence and whether there is more to adolescence behavior than an under-developed frontal lobe,”he adds.For their study ,the researchers persuaded 40 adolescents, aged 13 and 16,and 40 adults, aged 20 and 35 to participate.
In the future,researchers hope to look into the psychological and neurological（神经学上的）aspects of their results.
12．What does the passage mainly tell us?
A．The initial rush of texting is less attractive for adolescents than the long-term pay off of studying.
B．Always, rewards are attractive to teenagers.
C．Resistance can be controlled well by adolescents.
D．Getting rewards is the greatest motivation for adolescents to study.
13．Which statement agrees with Vaidya's idea?
A．The influence of the reward is weak in adolescents.
B．Parents should help children in making decisions.
C．Children should have access to the Internet.
D．Children need help in refocusing their attention.
14．What result does teenagers' brain underdevelopment lead to?
A．Doing things after some thought.
B．Making good decisions.
C．Joining in dangerous actions.
D．Escaping risky behavior.
15．How did the researchers carry out their study?
A．By making a comparison of brain examinations.
B．By examining adults’ brain.
C．By examining teenage brain.
D．By building the train’s reward system.
第二节 (共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why are some people successful and others aren’t? What’s the secret of success? 16．
Many of Gladwell’s ideas appear in his social psychology bestseller Outliers.17． Gladwell thinks that this is just an excuse for not trying… and if you really want to be good at something, you have to work at it. “Practice isn’t the thing you do once you’re good,” Gladwell writes. “It’s the thing you do that makes you good.”
Central to the book is the “10,000-hour rule”. It means that if you want to be among the best in the world, you need to practise something for 10,000 hours. 18． For example, the Beatles played live in Hamburg more than 1,200 times between 1960 and 1964, which is more than 10,000 hours of playing time. And when Microsoft chairman Bill Gates was 13, he was given access to a high school computer (one of the few available in the country), allowing him to practise computer programming for more than (Yes, you guessed it!) 10, 000 hours.
19． Take the example of Christopher Langan, who’s mentioned in the book. He’s got an IQ of between 195 and 210 (Albert Einstein’s IQ was estimated to have been between 160 and 180). As a boy at school, Langan was able to take an exam in a foreign language he’d never studied and pass it after just skim-reading a text book for three minutes. However, Langan never graduated from university and worked in labour-intensive jobs his whole life. This proves that intelligence alone will not lead to success—you need hard work, support, finance and opportunities. Gladwell adds, “No one — not rock stars, not professional athletes, not software billionaires, and not even geniuses — ever makes it alone.”
20． Even after you’ve put in your 10,000 hours of practice, you still need one other key ingredient — luck. So, you could be the most amazing guitarist in the world, but unless you’re lucky enough to play in front of a record company executive who sees a way of exploiting that talent, you aren’t going to be seeing your name in lights.
A．It isn’t just a question of time and support.
B．Author Malcolm Gladwell thinks he knows.
C．That’s equal to three hours a day for 10 years.
D．Of course, many people argue that you can create your own “luck”.
E.The popular view is that some of us are born talented and others aren’t.
F.The interesting thing is that success has nothing to do with intelligence.
G.Someone who’s willing to practise something for 10,000 hours is probably active.
第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Lehrner always wanted to design roller coasters. Even as a(n) 21 , though, she knew that there had to be more to it that just hopping on board.“I started 22 how I would prepare." she said. She looked to science and math and 23 advanced classes in algebra and geometry in middle school and high school. Then she 1ook even more 24 math and a high-level physics course.
She also 25 theme parks as often as she could and researched the 26 of those coasters online. When it came time for 27 , she went to the Colorado School of Mines in Golden, where she 28 a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering.
Now Lehrner works with amusement parks to design and 29 new coasters. These new coasters they design are 30 made of wood, except for a metal 31 on which the cars run. The basic design has been around for more than a century. Still, Lehrner notes each new one is different. “A lot of the same 32 and concepts are used when 1 design new coasters. But they 33 with the terrain (地势) and design. That tells us what the limits will be — how tight the bends and how 34 the hills are."
Some parks 35 their coasters to he as scary as possible. That means big 36 and quick turns and lots of inversions. Lehrner is 37 at taking twisted wood coasters.
The coasters she 38 make you feel as if you're going 39 than you really are, because the tracks are lower to the ground. “We also try to build rides that are fun for the whole 40 — children as well as their parents.” she said.
21．A．genius B．kid C．teacher D．inventor
22．A．thinking about B．going over C．writing down D．dreaming of
23．A．brought B．researched C．took D．gave
24．A．classical B．ancient C．practical D．advanced
25．A．visited B．created C．sponsored D．managed
26．A．parks B．makers C．themes D．players
27．A．vacation B．graduation C．college D．decision
28．A．made B．bought C．researched D．got
29．A．discover B．learn C．build D．purchase
30．A．largely B．completely C．carefully D．possibly
31．A．cover B．frame C．fence D．track
32．A．metals B．components C．colors D．plans
33．A．agree B．compare C．change D．deal
34．A．beautiful B．dangerous C．much D．high
35．A．want B．consider C．hate D．imagine
36．A．drops B．coasters C．seats D．carriages
37．A．amazed B．expert C．pleased D．excited
38．A．rides B．enjoys C．designs D．studies
39．A．slower B．crazier C．further D．faster
40．A．family B．community C．place D．society
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is the global host of the 2019 World Environment Day celebrations, and the main event is being held in Hangzhou in East China.
Over the past decade, Hangzhou government 41．(improve) bike-friendly infrastructure, such as lanes and traffic signals 42． (create) for cyclists and has provided almost 86,000 public bikes. In Hangzhou, a smart card allows users to 43． (easy) access all forms of public transport,44．bikes to buses. Apart from leading the Chinese cycling resurgence, Hangzhou is also home to an innovative way to encourage more 45． (sustain) lifestyles, with an app 46．is helping to stop desertification, cut air pollution and plant millions of new trees.
The “Ant Forest”mini-program, a Hangzhou-based project from giant Chinese payments and lifestyle app Alipay, encourages users to make small, environmentally friendly 47．(decide) in their daily lives, such as cycling rather 48．driving to work, or recycling clothes. If users perform any carbon-reducing activities, they 49．(reward) with “green energy” points. If they accumulate enough virtual points,50． real tree will be planted. According to Ant Financial, more than 100 million trees have been planted, thanks to the low-carbon actions of 500 million individuals, roughly 5% of the world’s population.
第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（ˆ）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Every summer, there is a great fair where takes place in a park in the center of my town. Like other summer fairs, it is organizing by local small businesses, community groups or clubs. A successfully fair often relies on volunteers to make them run smoothly. In recent years, the fair had become a popular event for local people to attend. At the times, bad weather may ruin the fair complete. But when it falls on a sunny day, children can enjoy a wide range entertainment. And adults can look around many booths sell local products or providing informations about some local community groups and clubs.
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
假定你是李华，你校交换生Chris熟悉中国文化，喜欢看动漫。春节档动漫电影《姜子牙（Legend of Deification）》即将于1月25日上映。请你根据以下提示，用英语给Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起观看首映。
1. 提出邀请并简述原因；
2. 约定见面时间和地点；
3. 提出观影后活动建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头及结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
How is everything?
______________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语·模拟预测卷(一)
参考答案：
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
1—15 DCB ADBC CABC BDCA
第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)
16—20 BECFA
第二部分英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)
21—40 BACDA BCDCA DBCDA ABCDA
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
41．has improved/been improving
42．created
43．easily
44．from
45．sustainable
46．that/which
47．decisions
48．than
49．will be rewarded
50．a
第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分)
第一处：wher→which/that
第二处：successfully→successful
第四处：them→it
第五处：had→has
第六处：去掉the
第七处：complete→completely
第八处：range后加of
第九处：sell→selling
第十处：informations→information
第二节书面表达 (满分25分)
Dear Chris,
How is everything? I have good news to tell you. A new animated film named Legend of Deification is set to hit Chinese mainland cinemas on Jan. 25, 2020. It is because I know you like the culture of China, especially animated films, that I would like to invite you to admire it.
The upcoming film is based on the tale of a genius strategist from the Ming Dynasty novel “Fengshen Yanyi,” whose main character is Jiang Ziya, a mythological figure sharing the same god universe with Nezha. I will pick you up on 3:00 p.m. at your accommodation building and I will call you when I get there. After watching it, shall we visit some places nearby, such as the library, in which lots of related books will appeal to you enormously?
I would be very glad if you come. Looking forward to your early reply.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
