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天津市西青区2020届高三上学期期末考试英语试题
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天津市西青区2019-2020学年度第一学期
高三期末
一、单选
1.—Could I use this dictionary ?
—________. It’s a spare one.
A. Good idea B. Just go ahead C. You’re welcome D. You’d better not
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查情景交际用语。句意： ——我能借用一下字典吗？——行，没人在用。Good idea 同意别人的建议；You’re welcome 回答别人的致谢；You’d better not 表否定，劝诫别人最好别这样。由答句It's a spare one .（没人在用字典）可知借物成功。故go ahead“用吧”符合语境，故选B。
【点睛】
go ahead 常用来表示允许对方的请求，根据不同情景，可译为“行，用吧，请做”等。如：“It is so hot here. Would you mind us opening the door.” “ No, go ahead ,please.”
2.You ________ be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
A. must B. can C. will D. shall
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你肯定是卡罗，这些年你一点也没有变化。must表示对现在的肯定推测；can表示推测，表示可能性；will表示意愿；shall表示表示决心、命令或指示。根据下文“这些年你一点用没有改变”可知，前文表示肯定性推测。故选A。
【点睛】must表推测的用法must表示很有把握的推测，其意为“一定会”“肯定会”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑问句。表示对现在或未来的情况作推测，后接动词原形。You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你辛苦一整天，一定累了（对现在情况的推测判断）I didn’t hear the phone. I must have be asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。
3.I found the lecture hard to follow because it ________ when I arrived.
A. started B. was starting
C. would start D. had started
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我发现演讲很难懂，因为当我到达的时候，演讲已经开始了。根据题干信息，“不能跟上演讲的原因是，我到达的时候演讲已经开始”，“到达”为过去时，“已经开始”应该用过去完成时。A项是一般过去时；B项是过去进行时；C项是过去将来时。所以选D。
4.—Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.
—_________. Opposites sometimes do attract.
A. I hope not B. I think so
C. I appreciate that D. I beg to differ
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查交际用语。句意：——只有那些有许多相同之处的人能和睦相处。——恕我不能同意，意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。I hope not我可不希望这样；I think so我认为如此；I appreciate that我很感激；I beg to differ恕我不能同意。由答语后句Opposites sometimes do attract.（意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。）可知两个人的意见并不一致。故D项符合语境。故选D。
5.Clearly and thoughtfully________, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
A. writing B. to write
C. written D. being written
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书写得既清楚又意味深长，该书激励了那些希望寻求自己的答案的学生的自信心。根据write与the book是被动的关系，所以要用过去分词作状语。故选C。
6.【2018·江苏】I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _______ in the past two years.
A. had been carried out B. would be carried out
C. is being carried out D. has been carried out
【答案】A
【解析】
考查时态。句意：上个月我被派到村里去看看在过去的两年里发展计划是如何执行的。根据句中时间状语last month和in the past two years可知，空格处所用的动词carry out发生在sent之前，所以是“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。故选A。
点睛：本题考查时态。句中包含的时间状语是解答此题的突破点，所以要做好此类题，一定要注意题中有没有明确的时间点，或者其他可以代替时间点的词，所以根据时间状语可以看出正确答案。本题的关键在于抓住题干中的两个时间状语last month和in the past two years，从而得出答案。
7. It was________of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
A. careless B. considerate C. patient D. Generous
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：迈克尔很体贴地告诉我们他的延迟，以防我们担心。A.careless不小心的；B.considerate体贴的；C.patient有耐心的；D.generous慷慨的。根据后文inform us of his delay in case we got worried可知，迈克尔是体贴的，故选B。
【点睛】本题考查形容词辨析，要求学生掌握大纲内每个形容词的意义及用法。在本类型题的解题过程中需要明确句子的大概意思，才能明确的判断出用来形容某人或者某事物的词语。当然明确辨析出各个形容词的含义也是很重要的，可以通过正反意词结合起来的记忆，也可以通过前缀、后缀来进行辨析。
【此处有视频，请去附件查看】
8.Caroline doesn’t have a gift for music, but she ________ it with hard work.
A. goes back on B. takes away from C. makes up for D. catches up with
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Caroline没有音乐天赋，但她用努力学习弥补了她的不足。goes back on违背；takes away from从……拿走；makes up for弥补；catches up with赶上。根据常识，用努力是来弥足不足的。故选C。
9.(2015·重庆) Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way__________ the sun and the stars.
A. used B. having used
C. using D. use
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：象古代的水手，鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。谓语动词是can find，故use用非谓动词作伴随状语，与逻辑主语birds是主动关系，用现在分词做伴随状语，根据句意，use这一动作与谓语动词动作同时，用现在分词的一般式。故选C。
【点睛】
伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的，这个考点在高考中经常出现，本题考查的是分词做伴随状语，分为现在分词和过去分词，现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系，即表示主动意义； 而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系，即被动意义；He sen me an e-mail hoping to ge further information 他给我发一封电子邮件，希望得到更多的信息； He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards. 他匆忙进了大厅，后面跟着两个警卫。
10.Facing up to your problem ________ running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
A. more than B. rather than
C. along with D. or rather
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：勇敢地面对你的问题而不是逃避它们是最好的解决问题的方法。A. more than多余；B. rather than而不是；C. along with一起；D. or rather确切地说。face up to与running away from意思相反，所以空格处表示转折，故选B。
【点睛】本题考查了学生的分析句子成分和对语境理解的能力。动词ing做主语，可以把句子简化为：Facing up to your problems is the best approach。其余的都是附加成分，根据句意“勇敢地面对你的问题”可以推断出“而不是逃避”，选择B。本题还有一个知识点：the approach to +doing sth做某事的方法。这些考生都需要注意。
11.I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ________ my classmates recommended to me.
A. that B. when
C. which D. where
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。 句意：上周我从书店买了本书《福尔摩斯》，这是我同学向我推荐的。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the book Sherlock Holmes，指物，在定语从句中指代先行词作为定语从句中的动词recommend的宾语，用关系代词which。故选C项。
12.（2016·天津）The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _____ of rain later tonight.
A. effect B. sense
C. change D. chance
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：天气预报说今天今天会是多云，后半夜可能有雨。A.影响；B.感觉；C.改变；D.机会，可能性。故选D。
考点：考查名词辨析。
【此处有视频，请去附件查看】
13.If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _______ you figure it out.
A. because B. though
C. until D. since
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：如果遇到不懂的东西，你可以搜索、研究，和别人交流直到弄明白。本题考查状语从句，A选项意为“因为”，B选项意为“尽管”，D选项“自从”或者“因为”，C选项“直到”符合语境，答案选C。
14.—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah, but I have no idea _____________ he did it; that’s one of his favorite universities.
A. when B. why
C. that D. how
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：——迈克做出了放弃耶鲁大学的邀约是真的吗？——是的，但是我不知道他为什么这么做，那是他最喜欢的大学之一。A项表“时间”，D项表“方式”，均不合题意。have no idea =“not” know，后面的从句应该表示“疑问”，排除表“确定事实”的C项。故本题选择B项。why表示“原因”，引导同位语从句解释说明idea。Mike放弃了最心仪的耶鲁大学，令人不解其故。故选B。
15.When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt ________ from the world.
A. carried away B. broken down
C. cut off D. brought up
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当孩子远离他们生活的时候，这些老人感觉和世界隔绝了。carry away带走，夺走；break down崩溃，破坏，抛锚，分解；cut off切断；bring up养育，培养。根据语境，表示切断与世界的联系，故选C。
【点睛】动词短语是高考常考内容。可以按照以下方法学习：1.在每个部分找出自己最熟悉或者最理解的短语，并根据该短语助记总体意思；2.熟记动词本身所具有的全部意思；3.重点根据小品词在该项中的总体意思结合动词本身的意思，理解自己最不理解和不熟悉的短语4.脱离汉语，只看英语动词短语，并放到具体句子和场景中认识动词短语5.注意有些短语意义很接近, 这要结合例句和上下文掌握它们的用法。
二、完形填空：
I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to E1 Capitan, a ____16____ rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew ____17____ I wanted to climb it. That has been my life’s passion (钟爱) ever since--____18____ the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I’ve long made Yosemite my ____19____.
About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of ____20____, like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes, around the area. It’s ____21____ me why visitors started respecting the place less and treated such a ____22____ home-like place this way.
I tried ____23____ trash(垃圾)myself, but the job was too big. I would ____24____an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so ______25______ it that I decided something had to _______26_______.
As a rock-climbing guide, I knew _______27_______about organizing any big event. But in 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a _______28_______. On that day, more than 300 people _______29_______. Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was _______30_______how much we were able to accomplish. I couldn’t believe the _______31_______ we made --the park looked clean!
Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash and _______32_______ 132 miles of roadway.
I often hear people _______33_______ about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by _______34_______ rather than complaining. We need to teach by _______35_______. You can’t blame others unless you start with yourself.
16. A. distant B. hard C. loose D. huge
17. A. gradually B. finally C. immediately D. recently
18. A. climbing B. painting C. measuring D. approaching
19. A. home B. palace C. garden D. shelter
20. A. dust B. waste C. materials D. resources
21. A. against B. over C. beyond D. within
22. A. new B. safe C. happy D. beautiful
23. A. throwing away B. breaking down C. picking up D. digging out
24. A. wait B. save C. kill D. spend
25. A. delighted in B. tired of C. satisfied with D. used to
26. A. aim B. stress C. depend D. change
27. A. anything B. nothing C. everything D. something
28. A. cleanup B. picnic C. party D. concert
29. A. looked around B. called back C. dropped out D. showed up
30. A. puzzling B. amazing C. amusing D. interesting
31. A. plan B. visit C. difference D. contact
32. A. covered B. crossed C. measured D. designed
33. A. argue B. complain C. quarrel D. talk
34. A. thinking B. questioning C. doing D. watching
35. A. method B. explanation C. research D. example
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. B 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者把Yosemite National Park当成了自己的家，当作者看见里面有大量的垃圾的时候，开始是自己后来是组织大家捡垃圾。作者明白了改变事情的方法是动手去做，而不是抱怨。
【16题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在出去的路上，我让他们等着，我跑到了E1 Capitan——一块海拔3300英尺的巨石那里。A. distant遥远的；B. hard坚硬的；C. loose宽松的；D. huge巨大的。根据rock后面的数据3,300 feet以及下一句话中的形容词giant“巨大的，特大的”可知，此处应选择huge，说明这块石头巨大。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我摸了摸那块巨石，立刻知道我想爬上去。A. gradually逐渐地；B. finally最后，终于；C. immediately立刻，马上；D. recently最近。根据语境可知，抚摸着那块巨大的岩石，作者立刻有了一种想要攀爬的想法。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自那之后，攀登约塞米蒂国家公园的岩石和山脉就成了我一生的钟爱之事。A. climbing攀登；B. painting画画；C. measuring测量；D. approaching接近。据上文出现的I wanted to climb it以及下文第11个空前面的As a rock-climbing guide可知，从此攀爬约塞米蒂国家公园的岩石和山脉就成为作者一生钟爱的运动。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我早就把约塞米蒂作为我的家了。A. home家园；B. palace宫殿；C. garden花园，果园；D. shelter避难所。此处作者想要表现的是他对约塞米蒂国家公园的热爱和迷恋，已经把它当成了自己的家园。下文第7个空后面的形容词home-like“像家一样的”也是提示信息。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。大约15年前，我开始在这个地区看到很多垃圾，比如卫生纸、啤酒罐和空盒子。句意：A. dust尘土；B. waste垃圾，废物；C. materials材料；D. resources资源。根据下文列举的事物toilet paper，beer cans，and empty boxes可知，此处指的是人们乱丢的垃圾或者废弃物。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我无法理解为什么游客们开始不那么尊重这个地方，而是这样对待一个像家一样美丽的地方。A. against反对，违背；B. over超过，多于；C. beyond超出；D. within在……之内。sth. be beyond sb.是固定搭配，意为“某事对于某人来说难以想象或难以理解”。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我无法理解为什么游客们开始不那么尊重这个地方，而是这样对待一个像家一样美丽的地方。A. new新的；B. safe安全的；C. happy高兴的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据语境可知，此处指“像家一样美丽的地方”。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我试着自己捡垃圾，但工作量太大了。A. throwing away扔掉；B. breaking down失败，出故障；C. picking up捡起；D. digging out挖出，挖掘。作者对约塞米蒂国家公园一直充满感情，看到环境遭到破坏，自然心痛，亲自动手捡垃圾，但这项工作毕竟不是一个人能够完成的。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会花一两个小时在这件事上，但几周后又发现这个地区到处都是垃圾。A. wait等待；B. save节约；C. kill杀死；D. spend花费。spend some time/money on sth. 是固定短语，意为“花费时间/金钱在某事上”，符合题意。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：最后，我厌倦了它，决定做些改变。A. delighted in对……感到高兴；B. tired of对……感到厌倦；C. satisfied with对……满意；D. used to习惯于……。根据only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later可知，作者厌倦了，决定做些改变。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我厌倦了它，决定做些改变。A. aim打算；B. stress强调；C. depend依靠；D. change改变。根据语境可知，作者厌倦了，决定做些改变。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：作为一名攀岩向导，我对组织任何重大活动一无所知。A. anything任何事情；B. nothing没有事情；C. everything所有事情；D. something一些事情。know nothing about是固定短语，意为“对……一无所知”，符合句意。故选B。
28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在2004年，我和一些登山者一起，确定了一个清理的日期。A. cleanup打扫，清洗；B. picnic野餐；C. party晚会；D. concert音乐会。根据下文内容可知，作者在2004年与一群爬山爱好者们组织了一次清除垃圾活动。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：那天，300多人来到现场。A. looked around环顾四周；B. called back给……回电话；C. dropped out退出，退学；D. showed up出现，到场。根据下文Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash.可知，有300多人来到现场帮忙清除垃圾。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们完成的事情真是令人惊讶。A. puzzling令人困惑的；B. amazing令人惊讶的；C. amusing有趣的，好玩的；D. interesting有趣的。根据上文出现的数据可知，三天多时间内，共清理了6000磅垃圾，所以作者对他们取得的成绩感到惊叹。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不敢相信我们起的作用。A. plan计划；B. visit拜访；C. difference不同；D. contact联系。固定短语make a difference“有很大的关系、影响或作用”，表示作者简直不敢相信他们发挥的作用，整个公园看起来十分干净。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅在2007年，就有2945人捡了42330磅垃圾，覆盖了132英里的道路。A. covered涉及，包括；B. crossed横穿；C. measured测量，衡量；D. designed设计。此处应用cover表示志愿者们清除垃圾的范围。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常听到人们抱怨他们周围的环境。A. argue争论，争吵；B. complain抱怨；C. quarrel吵架；D. talk交谈，谈话。根据下文第19个空后面的rather than complaining可知，此处表示作者经常听到人们抱怨周围的环境。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你是他们中的一员，我想说改变事情的唯一方法就是做而不是抱怨。A. thinking思考；B. questioning询问；C. doing做；D. watching观看，注视。根据上文作者处理问题的方式可知，作者认为改变情况唯一的方法是采取行动而不是抱怨。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们需要以身作则。A. method方法；B. explanation解释；C. research研究；D. example例子，榜样。作者下文You can’t blame others unless you start with yourself.可知，作者认为我们需要通过以身作则、以身示范的方式教育周围的人们爱护环境的。故选D。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第1小题，根据rock后面的数据3,300 feet以及下一句话中的形容词giant“巨大的，特大的”可知，这块石头巨大。结合选项A. distant遥远的；B. hard坚硬的；C. loose宽松的；D. huge巨大的。可知D项符合题意，句意为“在出去的路上，我让他们等着，我跑到了E1 Capitan——一块海拔3300英尺的巨石那里。”故选D。
三、阅读理解：
A
Still seeking a destination for your weekend break? There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college.
King's Art Centre
A day at the Centre could mean a visit to an exhibition of the work of one of the most interesting contemporary artists on show anywhere. This weekend sees the opening of an exhibition of four local artists.
You could attend a class teaching you how to ‘learn from the masters’ or get more creative with paint—free of charge.
The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.
The Botanic Garden
The Garden has over 8,000 plant species；it holds the research and teaching collection of living plants for Cambridge University.
The multibranched Torch Aloe here is impressive. The African plant produces red flowers above bluegreen leaves, and is not one to miss.
Get to the display house to see Dionaea muscipula, a plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap that feeds on insects and other small animals.
The Garden is also a place for wildlife enthusiasts. Look for grass snakes in the lake. A snake called ‘Hissing Sid’ is regularly seen lying in the heat of the warm sun.
Byron's Pool
Many stories surround Lord Byron's time as a student of Cambridge University. Arriving in 1805, he wrote a letter complaining that it was a place of “mess and drunkenness”. However, it seems as though Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough. I'm not just talking about the pet bear he kept in his rooms. He spent a great deal of time walking in the village.
It is also said that on occasion Byron swam naked by moonlight in the lake, which is now known as Byron's Pool. A couple of miles past Grantchester in the south Cambridgeshire countryside, the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the fields. The cries of invisible birds make the trip a lovely experience and on the way home you can drop into the village for afternoon tea. If you don't trust me, then perhaps you'll take it from Virginia Woolf—over a century after Byron, she reportedly took a trip to swim in the same pool.
36. According to the passage, there is a small charge for ______.
A. seeing an exhibition
B. learning life drawing
C. working with local artists
D. attending the masters' class
37. “Torch Aloe” and “Venus Flytrap” are ______.
A. common insects B. rarely seen snakes
C. impressive plants D. wildlife-enthusiasts
38. In the passage Byron's Pool is described as a lake ______.
A. owned by Lord Byron B. surrounded by fields
C. located in Grantchester D. discovered by Virginia Woolf
39. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Unknown stories of Cambridge University.
B. The colourful life in the countryside.
C. A way to become creative in art.
D. Some places for weekend break.
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. B 39. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是几则广告。文章介绍的是几处周末度假的好去处。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据King's Art Centre部分中的The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.（该中心还开设了两门素描课，费用不高）可知，学习写生需要一点小费用。故选B。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Botanic Garden部分中的The multi-branched Torch Aloe here is impressive.（这里的多枝火炬芦荟令人印象深刻）及Get to the display house to see Dionaea muscipula, a plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap that feeds on insects and other small animals.（去陈列馆看一看舞水莲，一种通常被称为捕蝇草的植物，以昆虫和其他小动物为食）可知，Torch Aloe是给人印象深刻的植物，Venus Flytrap则是一种以昆虫和其他小动物为食的植物。由此可知，Torch Aloe和Venus Flytrap是两种给人印象深刻的植物。故选C。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据Byron's Pool部分中的A couple of miles past Grantchester in the south Cambridgeshire countryside, the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the fields.（在剑桥郡南部的格兰切斯特(Grantchester)乡村，几英里外的池塘周围环绕着美丽的圆形小径）可推知，Byron's Pool是被田野环绕的湖。故选B。
【39题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的Still seeking a destination for your weekend break？There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college.（还在为你的周末假期寻找目的地吗? 有些地方离你的大学可能只有几步之遥）可知，本文所描述的是给读者提供一些可在周末休闲的去处。故选D。
【点睛】做阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。如第2小题，要求判断处Torch Aloe和Venus Flytrap是什么。根据The Botanic Garden部分中的The multi-branched Torch Aloe here is impressive.（这里的多枝火炬芦荟令人印象深刻）及Get to the display house to see Dionaea muscipula, a plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap that feeds on insects and other small animals.（去陈列馆看一看舞水莲，一种通常被称为捕蝇草的植物，以昆虫和其他小动物为食）可知，Torch Aloe给人印象深刻的植物，Venus Flytrap则是一种以昆虫和其他小动物为食的植物。由此可知，Torch Aloe和Venus Flytrap是两种给人印象深刻的植物。故选C。
B
One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. “This boy has lost his family,” he wrote, “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and I’m very worried about him. Can you help?”
I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically.
The first two times we met, David didn’t say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the children’s drawing on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon-in complete silence and without looking at me. It’s not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.
Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company (陪伴). But why did he never look at me?
“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with,” I thought, “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.
“It’s your turn,” he said.
After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.
Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one, without any words, can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.
40. When he first met the author, David ________.
A looked a little nervous
B. felt a little excited
C. walked energetically
D. was accompanied by his teacher
41. What can we learn about the author from paragraph 2?
A. He was sure of handling David’s problem.
B. He was able to describe David’s problem.
C. He was skeptical about psychology.
D. He was ready to listen to David.
42. David enjoyed being with the author because he ________.
A. beat the author many times in the chess game
B. liked the children’s drawings in the office
C. needed to share sorrow with the author
D. wanted to ask the author for advice
43. What can be inferred about David?
A. He got friends in school before he met the author.
B. He went into university soon after starting to talk.
C He liked biking before he lost his family.
D. He recovered after months of treatment.
44. What made David change?
A. The author’s friendship.
B. His teacher’s help.
C. His exchange of letters with the author.
D. The author's silent communication with him.
【答案】40. A 41. D 42. C 43. D 44. D
【解析】
本文为记叙文。大卫因为失去了家人而非常伤心，拒绝与别人交流，“我”作为一名心理医生成功地使他恢复了正常。“我”采取的方法就是跟他下棋，让他感受到“我”理解他的痛苦。由此作者认识到，人与人的交流不只是通过语言，也可能是一个拥抱、一个哭泣时可以依靠的肩膀、一次友好的接触或者一只耐心倾听的耳朵。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly.（他不安地走来走去，脸色苍白，双手微微发抖）可知，第一次见面时，大卫表现得非常紧张。故选A。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically.（有时候，一个人能做的最好的事情就是坦率而同情地倾听）可知，作者准备好了要做大卫的一名倾听者。故选D。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with,” I thought, “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.”（ 也许他只是需要一个人来分担他的痛苦，”我想，“也许他感觉到我尊重他的痛苦。”）可知，大卫喜欢和作者下棋，或许是因为他需要一个人来分担他的痛苦。故选C。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.（从那以后，大卫开始说话。他在学校里有了朋友，还参加了一个自行车俱乐部。他给我写了几封信，谈他和朋友骑自行车的事，谈他上大学的计划。现在他真正开始过自己的生活了）可知，大卫与作者沉默地待了几个月之后，大卫开口跟作者说话了，之后，他的生活逐渐恢复了正常。因此推断几个月的治疗之后大卫恢复了。故选D。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。结合故事内容以及最后一段中的But I also learned that one, without any words, can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.（但我也学到了一个人，不需要任何语言，就可以接触到另一个人。你所需要的只是一个拥抱，一个可以依靠的肩膀，一次友好的接触，和一只倾听的耳朵）可知，是作者和大卫无声的交流帮助大卫恢复了正常。故选D。
C
Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.
However, it wasn’t all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission.
In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behaviour. They are learning how to talk each other’s language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk ‘Dog’, and dogs can learn how to talk ‘Cat’.
What’s interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn how to read each other’s body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected. Once familiar with each other’s presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other nose to nose, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理) each other.
The significance of the research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets ─ to people who don’t get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers. If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.
45. The underlined word “swimmingly” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. early B. sweetly C. quickly D. smoothly
46. Some cats and dogs may fight when ________.
A. they are cold to each other B. they look away from each other
C. they misunderstood each other’s signals D. they are introduced at an early age
47. What is found surprising about cats and dogs?
A. They eat and sleep each other.
B. They observe each other’s behaviors.
C. They learn to speak each other’s language.
D. They know something from each other’s voices.
48. It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs ________.
A. have common interests B. are less different than was thought
C. have a common body language D. are less intelligent than was expected
49. What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs?
A. We should learn to live in harmony.
B. We should know more about animals.
C. We should live in peace with animals.
D. We should learn more body languages.
【答案】45. B 46. C 47. C 48. B 49. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。叙述了猫和狗之间可以和谐相处的原因，告诉我们这两种动物之间有比我们之前认为得更多的共同之处，引申到人与人之间也一定可以和谐相处。
【45题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句However, it wasn’t all sweetness and light.可知，然而，他们的关系也不总是甜蜜的。说明第一段中叙述的猫和狗的关系是很亲密的。所以it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly.中的swimmingly表示B项含义：甜蜜地。 故选B。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第三句One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite.可知，猫和狗之间的打斗很大一部分的原因是它们误解了对方的肢体信号。 故选C。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段前两句In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behaviour. They are learning how to talk each other’s language.可知，令人惊讶的事情是猫和狗会学会使用对方的语言。故选C。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第二句They can learn how to read each other’s body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected.可知，这两种动物能够学会如何理解对方身体语言，说明这两种动物要比我们之前认为的有更多的相同之处，也就是不同之处比我们之前认为的要少。故选B。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一句If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.可知，如果猫和狗都可以和谐相处，那么人与人之间也一定可以和谐相处，也就是人类之间应该学会和谐相处，故选A。
【点睛】做细节题的关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查题干和原文的异同，常犯错误有：绝对化语言，范围扩大或缩小，以偏概全，张冠李戴等。推断题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
D
You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. “They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering. “They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around. Or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing (内化) your victimization. The truth is, your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others.
Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently. They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives, but they don’t let this get in the way. They know they have their weaknesses, yet they don’t blame themselves when they fail. Whatever happens, they have choice in the matter. They believe their dance with each sacred (神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.
Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities, yet their experience of life is worlds apart. Victims relish (沉溺) in anger, guilt, and other emotions that cause others — and even themselves — to feel like victims, too. Creators consciously choose love, inspiration, and other qualities which inspire not only themselves, but all around them. Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives.
In reality, all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives. One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.
In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have a fuller, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.
50. What does the word “they” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?
A. People and things around you. B. Opportunities and problems.
C. Creators and their choices. D. Victims and their sufferings.
51. According to Paragraph 2, creators ________.
A. handle ups and downs of life wisely B. possess the ability to predict future life
C. seem willing to experience failures in life D. have potential to create something new
52. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A. Creators and victims are masters of their lives.
B. Victims can influence more people than creators.
C. Compared with victims, creators are more emotional.
D. Creators and victims face quite different things in life.
53. The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4 show that _________.
A. strong attachment to sufferings in life pulls people into victims
B people need family support to deal with challenger in life
C. it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their pains
D. one’s experiences determine his attitude toward life
54. The passage is organized by _______.
A. giving definitions B. making a contrast
C. giving examples D. telling stories
55. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A. To define victims and creators.
B. To evaluate victims against creators.
C. To explain the relationship between victims and creators.
D. To suggest the transformation from victims to creators.
【答案】50. A 51. A 52. A 53. A 54. B 55. D
【解析】
本文是议论文。文章讲述了两种截然不同的人，一种是消极悲观怨天尤人的“受害者”，另一种是积极主动主宰自己命运的“缔造者”。在挫折面前他们表现出不同的态度，作者建议人们要转变心态从命运的“受害者”变成自己命运的创造者。
【50题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中划线词所在句的下文 “They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around. Or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing (内化) your victimization.（“他们”是错误的、糟糕的，只要有“他们”在，生活就是可怕的。或者你可能会为你所有的问题责备自己，从而将你的受害内化）可知，造成痛苦的是yourself或者是they，所以they与yourself是相对的。由此可知，they应该指的是除了自己以外的其他人或事。故选A。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的They believe their dance with each sacred (神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.（他们相信他们与生命中每一个神圣的时刻共舞是一份礼物，风暴是生命中自然的一部分，它能带来情感和精神成长所需的雨水）可推知，那些创造者是一些积极乐观的人们，他们能明智地对待人生的坎坷起伏。故选A。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives.（受害者和创造者都可以选择自己的人生方向）可知，创造者和受害者都是自己命运的主人，主宰着自己人生的方向。故选A。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的例子One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.（一个人在失去工作或一段特殊的关系时，可能会觉得这是世界末日，陷入数月、数年甚至一生的痛苦之中。另一个有同样经历的人可能会选择先经历悲伤，然后接受损失，很快成为生活中强大的创造力）可推知，对生活中苦难的强烈依恋使人成为受害者。故选A。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place.（你在生活中有很多机会选择成为一个受害者或创造者。当你选择成为一个受害者，世界是一个寒冷和困难的地方）及第二段中的Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently.（那些选择成为创造者的人看待生活的方式非常不同）及其他段落陈述可知，本篇文章是通过对比来组织的。故选B。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。文章讲述了两种人对待挫折困境的不同态度，不同做法。最后一段提出文章中心即作者的观点In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have a fuller, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.（在每一个时刻、每一种情况下，你都可以通过设定一个明确的意图来改变内在的受害者，通过邀请强大的创造者进入你的生活，来选择一个更充实、更丰富的生活），由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是建议人们要转变心态从命运的“受害者”变成自己命运的创造者。故选D。
四
阅读表达：
When Dan Shaw gets up from the sofa in his home, Cuddles is never far away. When he wants to go outside, he doesn’t take Cuddles out for walk—Cuddles takes him for a walk. Cuddles is clearly no ordinary family pet. It is a two-foot-high miniature horse and serves as the guiding eyes of Shaw, who is blind.
When Shaw lost his sight, his wife suggested he apply for a guide dog. Shaw, an animal lover, said he couldn’t bear to part with a dog (which usually lives about eight to ten years) and get used to a new one, perhaps several times in his life.
Then Shaw heard of a program about the tiny guide horses. He learned that the horse possess many qualities that make them an excellent choice for guiding people. They are clean friendly, smart and have great memories. They can be trained to remain calm in noisy and crowded places. Best of all, they live for 25-25years, which would enable Shaw to have the same guide companion for most or all of his life.
Shaw immediately applied to be and was accepted as the first person to receive a guide horse. The instant he met Cuddles, he knew he was making the right choice. Then he began his training.
Through training ,Shaw and Cuddles learned to find way on busy streets, step over curbs (便道沿儿) and find elevator buttons. Cuddles even demonstrated (显示)its ability to step in front of Shaw and block him, to prevent him from walking into a dangerous situation. The little horse also expertly led Shaw through busy shopping malls. They got along without any difficulties. Now Shaw is confident that Cuddles will change his life for the better.
56. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “miniature” in Paragraph 1?(No more than 2 words)
____________________________________________________________
57. Why didn’t Shaw want to choose a dog as his guide? (No more than 15 words)
_______________________________________________________________
58. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? (No more than 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________
59. How does Shaw feel about his future life with the help of Cuddles? (No more than 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________
60. What animal would you like to keep as a pet at home? Please give your reasons. (No more than 20 words)
_______________________________________________________________
【答案】56. Tiny/Little/Small/Very small.
57. A dog’s life is short and Shaw could not bear to part with it.
58. The tiny horses possess/have many good qualities to guide people./ The tiny horses possess/have many qualities to be ideal guides.
59. He feels that his future life will be better/easier.
60. open
【解析】
本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Dan Shaw在眼睛失明之后，在他妻子的建议下，选择了一匹小型的、经过训练的导盲马。然后，他和导盲马成功、和谐生活的经历。
【56题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句It is a two-foot-high miniature horse and serves as the guiding eyes of Shaw, who is blind.可知，Cuddles是一匹尺寸两英尺高的马。据此推断，它很小。miniature相当于tiny，也可以使用其它表示小的形容词，结合字数限制，故答案为Tiny/Little/Small/Very small.
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的Shaw, an animal lover, said he couldn’t bear to part with a dog (which usually lives about eight to ten years) and get used to a new one, perhaps several times in his life.（肖是一名动物爱好者，他说他无法忍受与一只狗分离（狗通常能活8到10年），并适应一只新的狗，也许在他的一生中会有几次这样的经历）可知，肖不想选择一只狗作为他的向导，因为狗的生命是短暂的，萧无法忍受与它分离。结合字数限制，故答案为A dog's life is short and Shaw could not bear to part with it.
【58题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中的He learned that the horse possess many qualities that make them an excellent choice for guiding people.（他了解到这匹马有许多优点，使它成为人们引路的最佳选择）可知，本段主要介绍了这种小马有许多好品质，使它成为人们引路的最佳选择。结合字数限制，故答案为The tiny horses possess/have many good qualities to guide people./ The tiny horses possess/have many qualities to be ideal guides.
【59题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的They got along without any difficulties. Now Shaw is confident that Cuddles will change his life for the better.（他们相处得很顺利。现在，肖相信Cuddles会让他的生活变得更好）可知，肖觉得他未来的生活会更好或更容易。结合字数限制，故答案为He feels that his future life will be better/easier.
【60题详解】
此题答案不唯一，考生可根据自己的情况做出选择，做出合理陈述，注意字数限制。
五、书面表达：
61.假如你叫李津，在报纸上看到一幅成语漫画，很有感触。请给你的英国笔友写一封邮件，描述这幅漫画并谈谈自己的感想。
注意：1. 词数不少于100，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tony,
I saw an interesting carton in a newspaper.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Jin
【答案】Dear Tony,
I saw an interesting carton in a newspaper. I was very impressed. Now, I'd like to share this idiom story with you and my thoughts.
This fable mainly tells the story of the followers to drink wine. They competed to draw snakes. A follower, who was proud of being faster than the others, added feet to the snake. In the end, he failed to drink and was laughed at by another follower.
Gilding the lily tells people that doing extra things is not good for them, and doing too much is bad for them. Therefore, we should grasp the truth of the scale and timing, because truth and fallacy are often only one step apart. I also hope you will be inspired by it.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Jin
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封信件；假如你叫李津，在报纸上看到一幅成语漫画，很有感触；请给你的英国笔友写一封邮件，描述这幅漫画并谈谈自己的感想。根据漫画可知，本篇要介绍中国成语故事“画蛇添足”，介绍传统故事，时态应为一般故去时。人称使用第三人称。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：be very impressed（很有感触），idiom story（成语故事），fable（寓言），Gilding the lily（画蛇添足）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如非限定性定语从句A follower, who was proud of being faster than the others, added feet to the snake.；非谓语动词Gilding the lily tells people that doing extra things is not good for them, and doing too much is bad for them.；原因状语从句Therefore, we should grasp the truth of the scale and timing, because truth and fallacy are often only one step apart.全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
高三期末
一、单选
1.—Could I use this dictionary ?
—________. It’s a spare one.
A. Good idea B. Just go ahead C. You’re welcome D. You’d better not
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查情景交际用语。句意： ——我能借用一下字典吗？——行，没人在用。Good idea 同意别人的建议；You’re welcome 回答别人的致谢；You’d better not 表否定，劝诫别人最好别这样。由答句It's a spare one .（没人在用字典）可知借物成功。故go ahead“用吧”符合语境，故选B。
【点睛】
go ahead 常用来表示允许对方的请求，根据不同情景，可译为“行，用吧，请做”等。如：“It is so hot here. Would you mind us opening the door.” “ No, go ahead ,please.”
2.You ________ be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
A. must B. can C. will D. shall
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你肯定是卡罗，这些年你一点也没有变化。must表示对现在的肯定推测；can表示推测，表示可能性；will表示意愿；shall表示表示决心、命令或指示。根据下文“这些年你一点用没有改变”可知，前文表示肯定性推测。故选A。
【点睛】must表推测的用法must表示很有把握的推测，其意为“一定会”“肯定会”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑问句。表示对现在或未来的情况作推测，后接动词原形。You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你辛苦一整天，一定累了（对现在情况的推测判断）I didn’t hear the phone. I must have be asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。
3.I found the lecture hard to follow because it ________ when I arrived.
A. started B. was starting
C. would start D. had started
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我发现演讲很难懂，因为当我到达的时候，演讲已经开始了。根据题干信息，“不能跟上演讲的原因是，我到达的时候演讲已经开始”，“到达”为过去时，“已经开始”应该用过去完成时。A项是一般过去时；B项是过去进行时；C项是过去将来时。所以选D。
4.—Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.
—_________. Opposites sometimes do attract.
A. I hope not B. I think so
C. I appreciate that D. I beg to differ
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查交际用语。句意：——只有那些有许多相同之处的人能和睦相处。——恕我不能同意，意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。I hope not我可不希望这样；I think so我认为如此；I appreciate that我很感激；I beg to differ恕我不能同意。由答语后句Opposites sometimes do attract.（意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。）可知两个人的意见并不一致。故D项符合语境。故选D。
5.Clearly and thoughtfully________, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
A. writing B. to write
C. written D. being written
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书写得既清楚又意味深长，该书激励了那些希望寻求自己的答案的学生的自信心。根据write与the book是被动的关系，所以要用过去分词作状语。故选C。
6.【2018·江苏】I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _______ in the past two years.
A. had been carried out B. would be carried out
C. is being carried out D. has been carried out
【答案】A
【解析】
考查时态。句意：上个月我被派到村里去看看在过去的两年里发展计划是如何执行的。根据句中时间状语last month和in the past two years可知，空格处所用的动词carry out发生在sent之前，所以是“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。故选A。
点睛：本题考查时态。句中包含的时间状语是解答此题的突破点，所以要做好此类题，一定要注意题中有没有明确的时间点，或者其他可以代替时间点的词，所以根据时间状语可以看出正确答案。本题的关键在于抓住题干中的两个时间状语last month和in the past two years，从而得出答案。
7. It was________of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
A. careless B. considerate C. patient D. Generous
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：迈克尔很体贴地告诉我们他的延迟，以防我们担心。A.careless不小心的；B.considerate体贴的；C.patient有耐心的；D.generous慷慨的。根据后文inform us of his delay in case we got worried可知，迈克尔是体贴的，故选B。
【点睛】本题考查形容词辨析，要求学生掌握大纲内每个形容词的意义及用法。在本类型题的解题过程中需要明确句子的大概意思，才能明确的判断出用来形容某人或者某事物的词语。当然明确辨析出各个形容词的含义也是很重要的，可以通过正反意词结合起来的记忆，也可以通过前缀、后缀来进行辨析。
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8.Caroline doesn’t have a gift for music, but she ________ it with hard work.
A. goes back on B. takes away from C. makes up for D. catches up with
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Caroline没有音乐天赋，但她用努力学习弥补了她的不足。goes back on违背；takes away from从……拿走；makes up for弥补；catches up with赶上。根据常识，用努力是来弥足不足的。故选C。
9.(2015·重庆) Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way__________ the sun and the stars.
A. used B. having used
C. using D. use
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：象古代的水手，鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。谓语动词是can find，故use用非谓动词作伴随状语，与逻辑主语birds是主动关系，用现在分词做伴随状语，根据句意，use这一动作与谓语动词动作同时，用现在分词的一般式。故选C。
【点睛】
伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的，这个考点在高考中经常出现，本题考查的是分词做伴随状语，分为现在分词和过去分词，现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系，即表示主动意义； 而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系，即被动意义；He sen me an e-mail hoping to ge further information 他给我发一封电子邮件，希望得到更多的信息； He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards. 他匆忙进了大厅，后面跟着两个警卫。
10.Facing up to your problem ________ running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
A. more than B. rather than
C. along with D. or rather
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：勇敢地面对你的问题而不是逃避它们是最好的解决问题的方法。A. more than多余；B. rather than而不是；C. along with一起；D. or rather确切地说。face up to与running away from意思相反，所以空格处表示转折，故选B。
【点睛】本题考查了学生的分析句子成分和对语境理解的能力。动词ing做主语，可以把句子简化为：Facing up to your problems is the best approach。其余的都是附加成分，根据句意“勇敢地面对你的问题”可以推断出“而不是逃避”，选择B。本题还有一个知识点：the approach to +doing sth做某事的方法。这些考生都需要注意。
11.I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ________ my classmates recommended to me.
A. that B. when
C. which D. where
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。 句意：上周我从书店买了本书《福尔摩斯》，这是我同学向我推荐的。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the book Sherlock Holmes，指物，在定语从句中指代先行词作为定语从句中的动词recommend的宾语，用关系代词which。故选C项。
12.（2016·天津）The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _____ of rain later tonight.
A. effect B. sense
C. change D. chance
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：天气预报说今天今天会是多云，后半夜可能有雨。A.影响；B.感觉；C.改变；D.机会，可能性。故选D。
考点：考查名词辨析。
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13.If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _______ you figure it out.
A. because B. though
C. until D. since
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：如果遇到不懂的东西，你可以搜索、研究，和别人交流直到弄明白。本题考查状语从句，A选项意为“因为”，B选项意为“尽管”，D选项“自从”或者“因为”，C选项“直到”符合语境，答案选C。
14.—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah, but I have no idea _____________ he did it; that’s one of his favorite universities.
A. when B. why
C. that D. how
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：——迈克做出了放弃耶鲁大学的邀约是真的吗？——是的，但是我不知道他为什么这么做，那是他最喜欢的大学之一。A项表“时间”，D项表“方式”，均不合题意。have no idea =“not” know，后面的从句应该表示“疑问”，排除表“确定事实”的C项。故本题选择B项。why表示“原因”，引导同位语从句解释说明idea。Mike放弃了最心仪的耶鲁大学，令人不解其故。故选B。
15.When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt ________ from the world.
A. carried away B. broken down
C. cut off D. brought up
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当孩子远离他们生活的时候，这些老人感觉和世界隔绝了。carry away带走，夺走；break down崩溃，破坏，抛锚，分解；cut off切断；bring up养育，培养。根据语境，表示切断与世界的联系，故选C。
【点睛】动词短语是高考常考内容。可以按照以下方法学习：1.在每个部分找出自己最熟悉或者最理解的短语，并根据该短语助记总体意思；2.熟记动词本身所具有的全部意思；3.重点根据小品词在该项中的总体意思结合动词本身的意思，理解自己最不理解和不熟悉的短语4.脱离汉语，只看英语动词短语，并放到具体句子和场景中认识动词短语5.注意有些短语意义很接近, 这要结合例句和上下文掌握它们的用法。
二、完形填空：
I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to E1 Capitan, a ____16____ rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew ____17____ I wanted to climb it. That has been my life’s passion (钟爱) ever since--____18____ the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I’ve long made Yosemite my ____19____.
About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of ____20____, like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes, around the area. It’s ____21____ me why visitors started respecting the place less and treated such a ____22____ home-like place this way.
I tried ____23____ trash(垃圾)myself, but the job was too big. I would ____24____an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so ______25______ it that I decided something had to _______26_______.
As a rock-climbing guide, I knew _______27_______about organizing any big event. But in 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a _______28_______. On that day, more than 300 people _______29_______. Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was _______30_______how much we were able to accomplish. I couldn’t believe the _______31_______ we made --the park looked clean!
Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash and _______32_______ 132 miles of roadway.
I often hear people _______33_______ about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by _______34_______ rather than complaining. We need to teach by _______35_______. You can’t blame others unless you start with yourself.
16. A. distant B. hard C. loose D. huge
17. A. gradually B. finally C. immediately D. recently
18. A. climbing B. painting C. measuring D. approaching
19. A. home B. palace C. garden D. shelter
20. A. dust B. waste C. materials D. resources
21. A. against B. over C. beyond D. within
22. A. new B. safe C. happy D. beautiful
23. A. throwing away B. breaking down C. picking up D. digging out
24. A. wait B. save C. kill D. spend
25. A. delighted in B. tired of C. satisfied with D. used to
26. A. aim B. stress C. depend D. change
27. A. anything B. nothing C. everything D. something
28. A. cleanup B. picnic C. party D. concert
29. A. looked around B. called back C. dropped out D. showed up
30. A. puzzling B. amazing C. amusing D. interesting
31. A. plan B. visit C. difference D. contact
32. A. covered B. crossed C. measured D. designed
33. A. argue B. complain C. quarrel D. talk
34. A. thinking B. questioning C. doing D. watching
35. A. method B. explanation C. research D. example
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. B 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者把Yosemite National Park当成了自己的家，当作者看见里面有大量的垃圾的时候，开始是自己后来是组织大家捡垃圾。作者明白了改变事情的方法是动手去做，而不是抱怨。
【16题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在出去的路上，我让他们等着，我跑到了E1 Capitan——一块海拔3300英尺的巨石那里。A. distant遥远的；B. hard坚硬的；C. loose宽松的；D. huge巨大的。根据rock后面的数据3,300 feet以及下一句话中的形容词giant“巨大的，特大的”可知，此处应选择huge，说明这块石头巨大。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我摸了摸那块巨石，立刻知道我想爬上去。A. gradually逐渐地；B. finally最后，终于；C. immediately立刻，马上；D. recently最近。根据语境可知，抚摸着那块巨大的岩石，作者立刻有了一种想要攀爬的想法。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自那之后，攀登约塞米蒂国家公园的岩石和山脉就成了我一生的钟爱之事。A. climbing攀登；B. painting画画；C. measuring测量；D. approaching接近。据上文出现的I wanted to climb it以及下文第11个空前面的As a rock-climbing guide可知，从此攀爬约塞米蒂国家公园的岩石和山脉就成为作者一生钟爱的运动。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我早就把约塞米蒂作为我的家了。A. home家园；B. palace宫殿；C. garden花园，果园；D. shelter避难所。此处作者想要表现的是他对约塞米蒂国家公园的热爱和迷恋，已经把它当成了自己的家园。下文第7个空后面的形容词home-like“像家一样的”也是提示信息。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。大约15年前，我开始在这个地区看到很多垃圾，比如卫生纸、啤酒罐和空盒子。句意：A. dust尘土；B. waste垃圾，废物；C. materials材料；D. resources资源。根据下文列举的事物toilet paper，beer cans，and empty boxes可知，此处指的是人们乱丢的垃圾或者废弃物。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我无法理解为什么游客们开始不那么尊重这个地方，而是这样对待一个像家一样美丽的地方。A. against反对，违背；B. over超过，多于；C. beyond超出；D. within在……之内。sth. be beyond sb.是固定搭配，意为“某事对于某人来说难以想象或难以理解”。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我无法理解为什么游客们开始不那么尊重这个地方，而是这样对待一个像家一样美丽的地方。A. new新的；B. safe安全的；C. happy高兴的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据语境可知，此处指“像家一样美丽的地方”。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我试着自己捡垃圾，但工作量太大了。A. throwing away扔掉；B. breaking down失败，出故障；C. picking up捡起；D. digging out挖出，挖掘。作者对约塞米蒂国家公园一直充满感情，看到环境遭到破坏，自然心痛，亲自动手捡垃圾，但这项工作毕竟不是一个人能够完成的。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会花一两个小时在这件事上，但几周后又发现这个地区到处都是垃圾。A. wait等待；B. save节约；C. kill杀死；D. spend花费。spend some time/money on sth. 是固定短语，意为“花费时间/金钱在某事上”，符合题意。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：最后，我厌倦了它，决定做些改变。A. delighted in对……感到高兴；B. tired of对……感到厌倦；C. satisfied with对……满意；D. used to习惯于……。根据only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later可知，作者厌倦了，决定做些改变。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我厌倦了它，决定做些改变。A. aim打算；B. stress强调；C. depend依靠；D. change改变。根据语境可知，作者厌倦了，决定做些改变。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：作为一名攀岩向导，我对组织任何重大活动一无所知。A. anything任何事情；B. nothing没有事情；C. everything所有事情；D. something一些事情。know nothing about是固定短语，意为“对……一无所知”，符合句意。故选B。
28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在2004年，我和一些登山者一起，确定了一个清理的日期。A. cleanup打扫，清洗；B. picnic野餐；C. party晚会；D. concert音乐会。根据下文内容可知，作者在2004年与一群爬山爱好者们组织了一次清除垃圾活动。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：那天，300多人来到现场。A. looked around环顾四周；B. called back给……回电话；C. dropped out退出，退学；D. showed up出现，到场。根据下文Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash.可知，有300多人来到现场帮忙清除垃圾。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们完成的事情真是令人惊讶。A. puzzling令人困惑的；B. amazing令人惊讶的；C. amusing有趣的，好玩的；D. interesting有趣的。根据上文出现的数据可知，三天多时间内，共清理了6000磅垃圾，所以作者对他们取得的成绩感到惊叹。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不敢相信我们起的作用。A. plan计划；B. visit拜访；C. difference不同；D. contact联系。固定短语make a difference“有很大的关系、影响或作用”，表示作者简直不敢相信他们发挥的作用，整个公园看起来十分干净。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅在2007年，就有2945人捡了42330磅垃圾，覆盖了132英里的道路。A. covered涉及，包括；B. crossed横穿；C. measured测量，衡量；D. designed设计。此处应用cover表示志愿者们清除垃圾的范围。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常听到人们抱怨他们周围的环境。A. argue争论，争吵；B. complain抱怨；C. quarrel吵架；D. talk交谈，谈话。根据下文第19个空后面的rather than complaining可知，此处表示作者经常听到人们抱怨周围的环境。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你是他们中的一员，我想说改变事情的唯一方法就是做而不是抱怨。A. thinking思考；B. questioning询问；C. doing做；D. watching观看，注视。根据上文作者处理问题的方式可知，作者认为改变情况唯一的方法是采取行动而不是抱怨。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们需要以身作则。A. method方法；B. explanation解释；C. research研究；D. example例子，榜样。作者下文You can’t blame others unless you start with yourself.可知，作者认为我们需要通过以身作则、以身示范的方式教育周围的人们爱护环境的。故选D。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第1小题，根据rock后面的数据3,300 feet以及下一句话中的形容词giant“巨大的，特大的”可知，这块石头巨大。结合选项A. distant遥远的；B. hard坚硬的；C. loose宽松的；D. huge巨大的。可知D项符合题意，句意为“在出去的路上，我让他们等着，我跑到了E1 Capitan——一块海拔3300英尺的巨石那里。”故选D。
三、阅读理解：
A
Still seeking a destination for your weekend break? There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college.
King's Art Centre
A day at the Centre could mean a visit to an exhibition of the work of one of the most interesting contemporary artists on show anywhere. This weekend sees the opening of an exhibition of four local artists.
You could attend a class teaching you how to ‘learn from the masters’ or get more creative with paint—free of charge.
The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.
The Botanic Garden
The Garden has over 8,000 plant species；it holds the research and teaching collection of living plants for Cambridge University.
The multibranched Torch Aloe here is impressive. The African plant produces red flowers above bluegreen leaves, and is not one to miss.
Get to the display house to see Dionaea muscipula, a plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap that feeds on insects and other small animals.
The Garden is also a place for wildlife enthusiasts. Look for grass snakes in the lake. A snake called ‘Hissing Sid’ is regularly seen lying in the heat of the warm sun.
Byron's Pool
Many stories surround Lord Byron's time as a student of Cambridge University. Arriving in 1805, he wrote a letter complaining that it was a place of “mess and drunkenness”. However, it seems as though Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough. I'm not just talking about the pet bear he kept in his rooms. He spent a great deal of time walking in the village.
It is also said that on occasion Byron swam naked by moonlight in the lake, which is now known as Byron's Pool. A couple of miles past Grantchester in the south Cambridgeshire countryside, the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the fields. The cries of invisible birds make the trip a lovely experience and on the way home you can drop into the village for afternoon tea. If you don't trust me, then perhaps you'll take it from Virginia Woolf—over a century after Byron, she reportedly took a trip to swim in the same pool.
36. According to the passage, there is a small charge for ______.
A. seeing an exhibition
B. learning life drawing
C. working with local artists
D. attending the masters' class
37. “Torch Aloe” and “Venus Flytrap” are ______.
A. common insects B. rarely seen snakes
C. impressive plants D. wildlife-enthusiasts
38. In the passage Byron's Pool is described as a lake ______.
A. owned by Lord Byron B. surrounded by fields
C. located in Grantchester D. discovered by Virginia Woolf
39. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Unknown stories of Cambridge University.
B. The colourful life in the countryside.
C. A way to become creative in art.
D. Some places for weekend break.
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. B 39. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是几则广告。文章介绍的是几处周末度假的好去处。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据King's Art Centre部分中的The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.（该中心还开设了两门素描课，费用不高）可知，学习写生需要一点小费用。故选B。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Botanic Garden部分中的The multi-branched Torch Aloe here is impressive.（这里的多枝火炬芦荟令人印象深刻）及Get to the display house to see Dionaea muscipula, a plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap that feeds on insects and other small animals.（去陈列馆看一看舞水莲，一种通常被称为捕蝇草的植物，以昆虫和其他小动物为食）可知，Torch Aloe是给人印象深刻的植物，Venus Flytrap则是一种以昆虫和其他小动物为食的植物。由此可知，Torch Aloe和Venus Flytrap是两种给人印象深刻的植物。故选C。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据Byron's Pool部分中的A couple of miles past Grantchester in the south Cambridgeshire countryside, the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the fields.（在剑桥郡南部的格兰切斯特(Grantchester)乡村，几英里外的池塘周围环绕着美丽的圆形小径）可推知，Byron's Pool是被田野环绕的湖。故选B。
【39题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的Still seeking a destination for your weekend break？There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college.（还在为你的周末假期寻找目的地吗? 有些地方离你的大学可能只有几步之遥）可知，本文所描述的是给读者提供一些可在周末休闲的去处。故选D。
【点睛】做阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。如第2小题，要求判断处Torch Aloe和Venus Flytrap是什么。根据The Botanic Garden部分中的The multi-branched Torch Aloe here is impressive.（这里的多枝火炬芦荟令人印象深刻）及Get to the display house to see Dionaea muscipula, a plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap that feeds on insects and other small animals.（去陈列馆看一看舞水莲，一种通常被称为捕蝇草的植物，以昆虫和其他小动物为食）可知，Torch Aloe给人印象深刻的植物，Venus Flytrap则是一种以昆虫和其他小动物为食的植物。由此可知，Torch Aloe和Venus Flytrap是两种给人印象深刻的植物。故选C。
B
One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. “This boy has lost his family,” he wrote, “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and I’m very worried about him. Can you help?”
I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically.
The first two times we met, David didn’t say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the children’s drawing on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon-in complete silence and without looking at me. It’s not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.
Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company (陪伴). But why did he never look at me?
“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with,” I thought, “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.
“It’s your turn,” he said.
After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.
Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one, without any words, can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.
40. When he first met the author, David ________.
A looked a little nervous
B. felt a little excited
C. walked energetically
D. was accompanied by his teacher
41. What can we learn about the author from paragraph 2?
A. He was sure of handling David’s problem.
B. He was able to describe David’s problem.
C. He was skeptical about psychology.
D. He was ready to listen to David.
42. David enjoyed being with the author because he ________.
A. beat the author many times in the chess game
B. liked the children’s drawings in the office
C. needed to share sorrow with the author
D. wanted to ask the author for advice
43. What can be inferred about David?
A. He got friends in school before he met the author.
B. He went into university soon after starting to talk.
C He liked biking before he lost his family.
D. He recovered after months of treatment.
44. What made David change?
A. The author’s friendship.
B. His teacher’s help.
C. His exchange of letters with the author.
D. The author's silent communication with him.
【答案】40. A 41. D 42. C 43. D 44. D
【解析】
本文为记叙文。大卫因为失去了家人而非常伤心，拒绝与别人交流，“我”作为一名心理医生成功地使他恢复了正常。“我”采取的方法就是跟他下棋，让他感受到“我”理解他的痛苦。由此作者认识到，人与人的交流不只是通过语言，也可能是一个拥抱、一个哭泣时可以依靠的肩膀、一次友好的接触或者一只耐心倾听的耳朵。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly.（他不安地走来走去，脸色苍白，双手微微发抖）可知，第一次见面时，大卫表现得非常紧张。故选A。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically.（有时候，一个人能做的最好的事情就是坦率而同情地倾听）可知，作者准备好了要做大卫的一名倾听者。故选D。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with,” I thought, “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.”（ 也许他只是需要一个人来分担他的痛苦，”我想，“也许他感觉到我尊重他的痛苦。”）可知，大卫喜欢和作者下棋，或许是因为他需要一个人来分担他的痛苦。故选C。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.（从那以后，大卫开始说话。他在学校里有了朋友，还参加了一个自行车俱乐部。他给我写了几封信，谈他和朋友骑自行车的事，谈他上大学的计划。现在他真正开始过自己的生活了）可知，大卫与作者沉默地待了几个月之后，大卫开口跟作者说话了，之后，他的生活逐渐恢复了正常。因此推断几个月的治疗之后大卫恢复了。故选D。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。结合故事内容以及最后一段中的But I also learned that one, without any words, can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.（但我也学到了一个人，不需要任何语言，就可以接触到另一个人。你所需要的只是一个拥抱，一个可以依靠的肩膀，一次友好的接触，和一只倾听的耳朵）可知，是作者和大卫无声的交流帮助大卫恢复了正常。故选D。
C
Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.
However, it wasn’t all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission.
In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behaviour. They are learning how to talk each other’s language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk ‘Dog’, and dogs can learn how to talk ‘Cat’.
What’s interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn how to read each other’s body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected. Once familiar with each other’s presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other nose to nose, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理) each other.
The significance of the research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets ─ to people who don’t get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers. If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.
45. The underlined word “swimmingly” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. early B. sweetly C. quickly D. smoothly
46. Some cats and dogs may fight when ________.
A. they are cold to each other B. they look away from each other
C. they misunderstood each other’s signals D. they are introduced at an early age
47. What is found surprising about cats and dogs?
A. They eat and sleep each other.
B. They observe each other’s behaviors.
C. They learn to speak each other’s language.
D. They know something from each other’s voices.
48. It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs ________.
A. have common interests B. are less different than was thought
C. have a common body language D. are less intelligent than was expected
49. What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs?
A. We should learn to live in harmony.
B. We should know more about animals.
C. We should live in peace with animals.
D. We should learn more body languages.
【答案】45. B 46. C 47. C 48. B 49. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。叙述了猫和狗之间可以和谐相处的原因，告诉我们这两种动物之间有比我们之前认为得更多的共同之处，引申到人与人之间也一定可以和谐相处。
【45题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句However, it wasn’t all sweetness and light.可知，然而，他们的关系也不总是甜蜜的。说明第一段中叙述的猫和狗的关系是很亲密的。所以it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly.中的swimmingly表示B项含义：甜蜜地。 故选B。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第三句One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite.可知，猫和狗之间的打斗很大一部分的原因是它们误解了对方的肢体信号。 故选C。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段前两句In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behaviour. They are learning how to talk each other’s language.可知，令人惊讶的事情是猫和狗会学会使用对方的语言。故选C。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第二句They can learn how to read each other’s body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected.可知，这两种动物能够学会如何理解对方身体语言，说明这两种动物要比我们之前认为的有更多的相同之处，也就是不同之处比我们之前认为的要少。故选B。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一句If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.可知，如果猫和狗都可以和谐相处，那么人与人之间也一定可以和谐相处，也就是人类之间应该学会和谐相处，故选A。
【点睛】做细节题的关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查题干和原文的异同，常犯错误有：绝对化语言，范围扩大或缩小，以偏概全，张冠李戴等。推断题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
D
You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. “They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering. “They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around. Or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing (内化) your victimization. The truth is, your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others.
Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently. They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives, but they don’t let this get in the way. They know they have their weaknesses, yet they don’t blame themselves when they fail. Whatever happens, they have choice in the matter. They believe their dance with each sacred (神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.
Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities, yet their experience of life is worlds apart. Victims relish (沉溺) in anger, guilt, and other emotions that cause others — and even themselves — to feel like victims, too. Creators consciously choose love, inspiration, and other qualities which inspire not only themselves, but all around them. Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives.
In reality, all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives. One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.
In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have a fuller, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.
50. What does the word “they” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?
A. People and things around you. B. Opportunities and problems.
C. Creators and their choices. D. Victims and their sufferings.
51. According to Paragraph 2, creators ________.
A. handle ups and downs of life wisely B. possess the ability to predict future life
C. seem willing to experience failures in life D. have potential to create something new
52. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A. Creators and victims are masters of their lives.
B. Victims can influence more people than creators.
C. Compared with victims, creators are more emotional.
D. Creators and victims face quite different things in life.
53. The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4 show that _________.
A. strong attachment to sufferings in life pulls people into victims
B people need family support to deal with challenger in life
C. it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their pains
D. one’s experiences determine his attitude toward life
54. The passage is organized by _______.
A. giving definitions B. making a contrast
C. giving examples D. telling stories
55. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A. To define victims and creators.
B. To evaluate victims against creators.
C. To explain the relationship between victims and creators.
D. To suggest the transformation from victims to creators.
【答案】50. A 51. A 52. A 53. A 54. B 55. D
【解析】
本文是议论文。文章讲述了两种截然不同的人，一种是消极悲观怨天尤人的“受害者”，另一种是积极主动主宰自己命运的“缔造者”。在挫折面前他们表现出不同的态度，作者建议人们要转变心态从命运的“受害者”变成自己命运的创造者。
【50题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中划线词所在句的下文 “They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around. Or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing (内化) your victimization.（“他们”是错误的、糟糕的，只要有“他们”在，生活就是可怕的。或者你可能会为你所有的问题责备自己，从而将你的受害内化）可知，造成痛苦的是yourself或者是they，所以they与yourself是相对的。由此可知，they应该指的是除了自己以外的其他人或事。故选A。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的They believe their dance with each sacred (神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.（他们相信他们与生命中每一个神圣的时刻共舞是一份礼物，风暴是生命中自然的一部分，它能带来情感和精神成长所需的雨水）可推知，那些创造者是一些积极乐观的人们，他们能明智地对待人生的坎坷起伏。故选A。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives.（受害者和创造者都可以选择自己的人生方向）可知，创造者和受害者都是自己命运的主人，主宰着自己人生的方向。故选A。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的例子One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.（一个人在失去工作或一段特殊的关系时，可能会觉得这是世界末日，陷入数月、数年甚至一生的痛苦之中。另一个有同样经历的人可能会选择先经历悲伤，然后接受损失，很快成为生活中强大的创造力）可推知，对生活中苦难的强烈依恋使人成为受害者。故选A。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place.（你在生活中有很多机会选择成为一个受害者或创造者。当你选择成为一个受害者，世界是一个寒冷和困难的地方）及第二段中的Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently.（那些选择成为创造者的人看待生活的方式非常不同）及其他段落陈述可知，本篇文章是通过对比来组织的。故选B。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。文章讲述了两种人对待挫折困境的不同态度，不同做法。最后一段提出文章中心即作者的观点In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have a fuller, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.（在每一个时刻、每一种情况下，你都可以通过设定一个明确的意图来改变内在的受害者，通过邀请强大的创造者进入你的生活，来选择一个更充实、更丰富的生活），由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是建议人们要转变心态从命运的“受害者”变成自己命运的创造者。故选D。
四
阅读表达：
When Dan Shaw gets up from the sofa in his home, Cuddles is never far away. When he wants to go outside, he doesn’t take Cuddles out for walk—Cuddles takes him for a walk. Cuddles is clearly no ordinary family pet. It is a two-foot-high miniature horse and serves as the guiding eyes of Shaw, who is blind.
When Shaw lost his sight, his wife suggested he apply for a guide dog. Shaw, an animal lover, said he couldn’t bear to part with a dog (which usually lives about eight to ten years) and get used to a new one, perhaps several times in his life.
Then Shaw heard of a program about the tiny guide horses. He learned that the horse possess many qualities that make them an excellent choice for guiding people. They are clean friendly, smart and have great memories. They can be trained to remain calm in noisy and crowded places. Best of all, they live for 25-25years, which would enable Shaw to have the same guide companion for most or all of his life.
Shaw immediately applied to be and was accepted as the first person to receive a guide horse. The instant he met Cuddles, he knew he was making the right choice. Then he began his training.
Through training ,Shaw and Cuddles learned to find way on busy streets, step over curbs (便道沿儿) and find elevator buttons. Cuddles even demonstrated (显示)its ability to step in front of Shaw and block him, to prevent him from walking into a dangerous situation. The little horse also expertly led Shaw through busy shopping malls. They got along without any difficulties. Now Shaw is confident that Cuddles will change his life for the better.
56. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “miniature” in Paragraph 1?(No more than 2 words)
____________________________________________________________
57. Why didn’t Shaw want to choose a dog as his guide? (No more than 15 words)
_______________________________________________________________
58. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? (No more than 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________
59. How does Shaw feel about his future life with the help of Cuddles? (No more than 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________
60. What animal would you like to keep as a pet at home? Please give your reasons. (No more than 20 words)
_______________________________________________________________
【答案】56. Tiny/Little/Small/Very small.
57. A dog’s life is short and Shaw could not bear to part with it.
58. The tiny horses possess/have many good qualities to guide people./ The tiny horses possess/have many qualities to be ideal guides.
59. He feels that his future life will be better/easier.
60. open
【解析】
本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Dan Shaw在眼睛失明之后，在他妻子的建议下，选择了一匹小型的、经过训练的导盲马。然后，他和导盲马成功、和谐生活的经历。
【56题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句It is a two-foot-high miniature horse and serves as the guiding eyes of Shaw, who is blind.可知，Cuddles是一匹尺寸两英尺高的马。据此推断，它很小。miniature相当于tiny，也可以使用其它表示小的形容词，结合字数限制，故答案为Tiny/Little/Small/Very small.
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的Shaw, an animal lover, said he couldn’t bear to part with a dog (which usually lives about eight to ten years) and get used to a new one, perhaps several times in his life.（肖是一名动物爱好者，他说他无法忍受与一只狗分离（狗通常能活8到10年），并适应一只新的狗，也许在他的一生中会有几次这样的经历）可知，肖不想选择一只狗作为他的向导，因为狗的生命是短暂的，萧无法忍受与它分离。结合字数限制，故答案为A dog's life is short and Shaw could not bear to part with it.
【58题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中的He learned that the horse possess many qualities that make them an excellent choice for guiding people.（他了解到这匹马有许多优点，使它成为人们引路的最佳选择）可知，本段主要介绍了这种小马有许多好品质，使它成为人们引路的最佳选择。结合字数限制，故答案为The tiny horses possess/have many good qualities to guide people./ The tiny horses possess/have many qualities to be ideal guides.
【59题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的They got along without any difficulties. Now Shaw is confident that Cuddles will change his life for the better.（他们相处得很顺利。现在，肖相信Cuddles会让他的生活变得更好）可知，肖觉得他未来的生活会更好或更容易。结合字数限制，故答案为He feels that his future life will be better/easier.
【60题详解】
此题答案不唯一，考生可根据自己的情况做出选择，做出合理陈述，注意字数限制。
五、书面表达：
61.假如你叫李津，在报纸上看到一幅成语漫画，很有感触。请给你的英国笔友写一封邮件，描述这幅漫画并谈谈自己的感想。
注意：1. 词数不少于100，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tony,
I saw an interesting carton in a newspaper.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Jin
【答案】Dear Tony,
I saw an interesting carton in a newspaper. I was very impressed. Now, I'd like to share this idiom story with you and my thoughts.
This fable mainly tells the story of the followers to drink wine. They competed to draw snakes. A follower, who was proud of being faster than the others, added feet to the snake. In the end, he failed to drink and was laughed at by another follower.
Gilding the lily tells people that doing extra things is not good for them, and doing too much is bad for them. Therefore, we should grasp the truth of the scale and timing, because truth and fallacy are often only one step apart. I also hope you will be inspired by it.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Jin
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封信件；假如你叫李津，在报纸上看到一幅成语漫画，很有感触；请给你的英国笔友写一封邮件，描述这幅漫画并谈谈自己的感想。根据漫画可知，本篇要介绍中国成语故事“画蛇添足”，介绍传统故事，时态应为一般故去时。人称使用第三人称。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：be very impressed（很有感触），idiom story（成语故事），fable（寓言），Gilding the lily（画蛇添足）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如非限定性定语从句A follower, who was proud of being faster than the others, added feet to the snake.；非谓语动词Gilding the lily tells people that doing extra things is not good for them, and doing too much is bad for them.；原因状语从句Therefore, we should grasp the truth of the scale and timing, because truth and fallacy are often only one step apart.全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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