高考英语专题复习——句子的种类
展开句子的种类
按用途分
种 类 | 类 型 | 例 句 |
陈述句 | 肯定句 | We love our motherland. 我们热爱祖国。 |
否定句 | They don’t go to work on Sundays. 他们星期日不上班。 | |
疑问句 | 一般疑问句 | Are you a worker? 你是个工人吗? Haven’t you seen the film? 你没看过这部电影吗? |
特殊疑问句 | Who is the man? 这人是谁? When do you watch TV? 你什么时间看电视? What are they doing now? 他们现在正在干什么? | |
选择疑问句 | Do you want tea or coffee? Either will do. 你要茶水还是要咖啡?哪种都行。 Does he learn Japanese or French? He learns French. 他学日语还是学法语?他学法语。 | |
反意疑问句 | They are going to the airport, aren’t they? 他们要去机场,是吗? You haven’t finished your homework, have you? 你没做完作业,是吗? | |
祈使句 | 肯定句 | Be sure to get there at eight. 务必八点钟到那儿。 |
否定句 | Don’t worry. I’ll help you out. 别担心,我会帮助你的。 | |
感叹句 | what + 名词 | What great changes we have had these years! 这几年我们有了多么大的变化啊! What a fine day it is! 多好的天气呀! |
how + 形容词或副词 | How brave he is! 他多么勇敢呀! How hard they are working! 他们工作多努力呀! | |
how +句子 | How time flies! 时间过得多么快呀! | |
How + adj. + a (an) + n.=What a(an)+adj.+n | How nice a boy (he is) !=What a nice boy (he is)! 多好的孩子啊! |
按结构分
种类 | 类型 | 例句 |
简单句 | 主+谓 | They disappeared. 他们消失了。 |
主+谓+宾 | He likes swimming.他喜欢游泳。 We help each other. 我们互相帮助。 | |
主+谓+间宾+直接宾 | I told my friend the good news. 我把好消息告诉了我的朋友。 They sent us a telegram. 他们给我们拍了电报。 | |
主+谓+宾+宾补 | They named the boy Jack. 他们给孩子起名叫杰克。 I want everything ready by eight o’clock. 我要求一切都要在八点前准备好。 | |
主+系+表 | She is a university student. 她是一名大学生。 He has become a pilot. 他已成为一名飞行员。 | |
并列句 | 并列关系and, not only…but also, neither …nor, both…and, not…but, | Either you do it, or I ask for somebody else to do it. 要么你来做,要么我请其他人来做。 Neither Tom nor Jack has finished the homework. 汤姆和杰克都没有完成作业。 Not couldn’t they complete the task, but the task was too tough. 不是他们完不成任务,而是任务太重了。 |
转折关系but,while(而,尽管) nevertheless(然而;不过) | John likes playing basketball, but he didn’t play it yesterday. 约翰喜欢打篮球,但他昨天没打。 | |
选择关系or, otherwise or else, either…or | We must hurry, or we’ll miss the train. 我们必须快点,否则会赶不上火车。 Either you come to my place or I go to yours. 或者你到我这儿来,或者我到你那去。 | |
因果关系for, so, thus, therefore, and so | We had better stay at home, for it was raining. 我们最好呆在家里,因为天正在下雨。 He didn’t work hard, therefore he failed in the examination. 他学习不努力,因此这次考试不及格。 | |
复合句 | 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。在复合句中主句是全句的主体,从句是全句的一个成分,不能独立。 | 从句有:名词性从句(主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句和同位语从句) 状语从句 定语从句 (详细请看以下各节罗列的内容) |